339 results on '"Mineral Oil adverse effects"'
Search Results
2. Severe hypercalcemia caused by repeated mineral oil injections: a case report.
- Author
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Rezende RC, Oliveira IC, de Carvalho DSL, Andrade GB, de Jesus Teixeira ABM, de Araújo WM, and Rodrigues MLD
- Subjects
- Adult, Male, Humans, Mineral Oil adverse effects, Vitamins adverse effects, Vitamin A therapeutic use, Parathyroid Hormone, Calcium, Hypercalcemia chemically induced
- Abstract
Hypercalcemia is a frequent condition in clinical practice and when the most frequent causes are excluded, etiological diagnosis can be challenging. A rare cause of PTH-independent hypercalcemia is described in the present case report. A male adult with a history of androgenic-anabolic steroids abuse, and injection of mineral oil and oily veterinary compound containing vitamins A, D and E into muscles for local hypertrophy presented with hypercalcemia, nephrocalcinosis, and end-stage renal disease. On physical examination, the presence of calcified subcutaneous nodules and calcification of musculature previously infused with oily substances drew attention. Laboratory tests confirmed hypercalcemia of 12.62 mg/L, low levels of PTH (10 pg/mL), hyperphosphatemia (6.0 mg/dL), 25(OH)D of 23.3 ng/mL, and elevated 1,25(OH)2D (138 pg/mL). Imaging exams showed diffuse calcification of muscle tissue, subcutaneous tissue, and organs such as the heart, lung, and kidneys. The patient was diagnosed with PTH-independent hypercalcemia secondary to foreign body reaction in areas of oil injection. The patient underwent treatment with hydrocortisone for 10 days, single dose zoledronic acid and hemodialysis. He evolved with serum calcium levels of 10.4 mg/dL and phosphorus of 7.1 mg/dL. In addition, sertraline and quetiapine were prescribed to control body dysmorphic disorder. The medical community should become aware of new causes of hypercalcemia as secondary to oil injection since this should become increasingly frequent due to the regularity with which such procedures have been performed.
- Published
- 2023
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3. [Exogenous lipoid pneumonia secondary to chronic paraffin oil consumption].
- Author
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González Castro S, Arrieta Narváez P, and Gorospe Sarasúa L
- Subjects
- Humans, Oils adverse effects, Mineral Oil adverse effects, Paraffin adverse effects, Pneumonia, Lipid chemically induced
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. [Lipid pneumonitis, a serious iatrogenic event with lubricating laxatives].
- Author
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Courtois-Amiot P, Levassort H, Santos Forjaz J, Raynaud-Simon A, and Lacaille S
- Subjects
- Constipation chemically induced, Constipation drug therapy, Humans, Lipids therapeutic use, Mineral Oil adverse effects, Laxatives adverse effects, Pneumonia chemically induced
- Abstract
The prescription of lubricating laxatives (paraffin oil) is widespread in geriatrics because of the frequency of constipation. These molecules can cause serious adverse effects such as lipoid pneumonia, especially in subjects with swallowing disorders., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2022
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5. Effect of docosahexaenoic acid as a chemopreventive agent on experimentally induced hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis.
- Author
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Alqalshy EM, Ibrahim AM, Abdel-Hafiz AA, Kamal KAE, Alazzazi MA, Omar MR, Abdel-Wahab AS, and Mohammed SS
- Subjects
- 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene metabolism, 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene toxicity, Animals, Carcinogenesis metabolism, Carcinogenesis pathology, Cricetinae, Docosahexaenoic Acids adverse effects, Humans, Lipid Peroxidation, Male, Mesocricetus, Mineral Oil adverse effects, Mineral Oil metabolism, Mouth Mucosa metabolism, Mouth Mucosa pathology, Water adverse effects, Water metabolism, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell chemically induced, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell drug therapy, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell prevention & control, Mouth Neoplasms chemically induced, Mouth Neoplasms drug therapy, Mouth Neoplasms prevention & control
- Abstract
Purpose: The current study was directed to investigate the effectiveness of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) as a chemopreventive agent on experimentally induced hamster buccal pouch (HBP) carcinogenesis., Material and Methods: In this study we used 40 Syrian male hamsters, five weeks old, were divided into 4 groups (GI, GII, GIII, and GIV) of 10 animals in each as follows, GI: Topical application of liquid paraffin alone (thrice a week for 14 weeks), GII: Topical application of 7, 12 dimethyl benz[a]anthracene (DMBA) alone (0.5% in liquid paraffin, thrice a week for 14 weeks), GIII: Topical application of DMBA (0.5% in liquid paraffin, thrice a week for 14 weeks) + Oral administration of DHA (125 mg/kg b.w. in 1 ml distilled water by oral gavage, thrice a week for 14 weeks on alternative days of DMBA application), GIV: Oral administration of DHA alone (125 mg/kg b.w. in 1 ml distilled water by oral gavage, thrice a week for 14 weeks)., Results: Gross observations and histopathological findings revealed that, in GI: normal stratified squamous epithelium, in GII: well and moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), in GIII: variable results ranges from hyperkeratosis, hyperkeratosis and focal hyperplasia, mild dysplasia, and well differentiated SCC with superficial invasion of tumor cells not extended to deeper areas, while in GIV: normal similar to GI. Immunohistochemical results indicated that oral DHA treatment to DMBA treated hamsters restored the normal expression of bcl-2., Conclusion: Our results indicated that DHA has the potential to be a dietary chemopreventive agent due to its capacity to improve carcinogen detoxification and to block/suppress the initiation and promotion stages of experimentally produced HBP carcinogenesis., (Copyright © 2022. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)
- Published
- 2022
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6. Exogenous lipoid pneumonia associated with oil-based oral and nasal products.
- Author
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Yeung SHM, Rotin LE, Singh K, Wu R, and Stanbrook MB
- Subjects
- Adult, Humans, Male, Pneumonia, Lipid etiology, Risk Factors, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Mineral Oil adverse effects, Nasal Sprays, Pneumonia, Lipid diagnostic imaging
- Abstract
Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared.
- Published
- 2021
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7. A 48-Year-Old Amateur Bodybuilder With History of Provoked DVT With Subacute Progressive Shortness of Breath.
- Author
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Laurenzo S, St Peter T, Aesif S, Kanne J, and Runo J
- Subjects
- Diagnosis, Differential, Dyspnea, Fatal Outcome, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Mineral Oil administration & dosage, Weight Lifting, Mineral Oil adverse effects, Pneumonia, Lipid chemically induced, Pneumonia, Lipid diagnosis
- Abstract
Case Presentation: A 48-year-old man presented with 6 months of progressive shortness of breath, intermittent exertional left-sided chest pain, and bilateral lower extremity edema. During the 2 days before admission, he experienced new onset confusion, fatigue, and malaise that prompted evaluation. He denied fever, chills, cough, or sputum production. He used anabolic steroids for 20 years as part of his bodybuilding hobby. Recently, he also began injecting mineral oil into his pectoral, bicep, and shoulder muscles for an improved muscular appearance. Additionally, he had a history of provoked DVT after traumatic fracture, schizophrenia, hypertension, and epilepsy. He was a former cigarette smoker with 2.5 pack-year history, having quit 10 years earlier. The patient's occupation was construction, installing aluminum gutters. He specifically denied exposures to sand-blasting, coal, beryllium, hard metals, silicone, and fine particles. He had no recent travel, sick contacts, or animal exposures., (Copyright © 2021 American College of Chest Physicians. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2021
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8. Comparison of mineral oil and non-mineral oil placebo on coronary plaque progression by coronary computed tomography angiography.
- Author
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Lakshmanan S, Shekar C, Kinninger A, Dahal S, Onuegbu A, Cai AN, Hamal S, Birudaraju D, Roy SK, Nelson JR, Budoff MJ, and Bhatt DL
- Subjects
- Aged, Coronary Artery Disease drug therapy, Coronary Artery Disease pathology, Coronary Vessels drug effects, Coronary Vessels pathology, Disease Progression, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Mineral Oil adverse effects, Predictive Value of Tests, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Time Factors, Computed Tomography Angiography, Coronary Angiography, Coronary Artery Disease diagnostic imaging, Coronary Vessels diagnostic imaging, Mineral Oil administration & dosage, Placebos, Plaque, Atherosclerotic
- Published
- 2020
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9. Recurrent Buttock Cellulitis in a Young Man.
- Author
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Morgado-Carrasco D, Giavedoni P, and Mascaró JM
- Subjects
- Adult, Cellulitis diagnosis, Dermal Fillers administration & dosage, Granuloma, Foreign-Body complications, Humans, Male, Mineral Oil administration & dosage, Petrolatum administration & dosage, Recurrence, Buttocks, Cellulitis etiology, Dermal Fillers adverse effects, Granuloma, Foreign-Body etiology, Mineral Oil adverse effects, Petrolatum adverse effects
- Published
- 2020
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10. Mineral oils and waxes in cosmetics: an overview mainly based on the current European regulations and the safety profile of these compounds.
- Author
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Chuberre B, Araviiskaia E, Bieber T, and Barbaud A
- Subjects
- Administration, Cutaneous, Administration, Oral, Animals, Autoimmunity drug effects, Carcinogenesis, Cosmetics legislation & jurisprudence, European Union, Humans, Intestinal Absorption, Mineral Oil administration & dosage, Mineral Oil pharmacokinetics, Mineral Oil toxicity, Mutagenesis, Reproduction drug effects, Skin Absorption, Waxes pharmacokinetics, Waxes toxicity, Cosmetics adverse effects, Cosmetics chemistry, Mineral Oil adverse effects, Waxes adverse effects
- Abstract
Mineral oils and waxes are mixtures of predominantly saturated hydrocarbons consisting of straight-chain, branched and ring structures with carbon chain lengths greater than C14. They have been used for many decades in skin and lip care cosmetic products due to their excellent skin tolerance as well as their high protecting and cleansing performance and broad viscosity options. In contrast to vegetable oils, mineral oils are non-allergenic since they are highly stable and not susceptible to oxidation or rancidity. They have a long history of safe use which is confirmed by clinical and epidemiological data. In Europe, mineral oils are only permitted in cosmetics if compliant with purity specifications on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and safety requirements laid down in the European pharmacopoeia and the EU cosmetics regulation EC/1223/2009. The high quality of these mineral oils is assured by robust quality assurance and a refining/purification process designed to exclude substances with carcinogenic potential and to minimize the presence of mineral oil aromatic hydrocarbons. Given their highly lipophilic properties, mineral oils do not penetrate human skin and, thus, are not systemically bioavailable in the body. Moreover, no significant changes in the skin and no effects on any internal organ system have been reported and attributed to the topical application of refined mineral oils. Regarding potential oral exposure from cosmetic lip care products, Cosmetics Europe, the European trade association for the cosmetics and personal care industry, has advised cosmetic manufacturers to only use mineral oil fractions for which recognized food acceptable daily intake (ADI) values apply. The estimated dose of mineral oils ingested via lip care products contributes to <10% of the ADI value and should therefore be considered of no toxicological concern., (© 2019 European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology.)
- Published
- 2019
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11. A clean fuel cookstove is associated with improved lung function: Effect modification by age and secondhand tobacco smoke exposure.
- Author
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Mazumder S, Lee A, Dube B, Mehra D, Khaing P, Taneja S, Yan B, Chillrud SN, Bhandari N, and D'Armiento JM
- Subjects
- Adult, Age Factors, Biomass, Female, Humans, India, Linear Models, Lung drug effects, Middle Aged, Socioeconomic Factors, Spirometry, Young Adult, Cooking instrumentation, Lung physiology, Mineral Oil adverse effects, Tobacco Smoke Pollution adverse effects
- Abstract
Household air pollution (HAP) secondary to the burning of solid fuels is a major risk factor for the development of COPD. Our study seeks to examine the impact of a clean cookstove, liquid petroleum gas (LPG), on respiratory outcomes. Women (n = 200) from neighboring Indian communities, one cooking with LPG and one with biomass, were enrolled. Spirometry was performed. Relationships between primary cooking fuel and spirometry measures, as raw values, Global Lung Initiative (GLI) percent predicted (pp), and GLI z-scores, were examined using linear regression. Effect modification by age was explored. Women were young (average age 33.3 years), with low education (median 5.0 years), and the majority had multiple sources of air pollution exposures. Overall, the lung function in both groups was poor [FEV1 z-score median -2.05, IQR (-2.64, -1.41). Biomass was associated with lower FEV1/FVC (raw values -7.0, p = 0.04; GLI pp -7.62, p = 0.05, and z-score -0.86, p = 0.05) and FEF25-75 (GLI pp -25.78, p = 0.05, z-score -1.24, p = 0.05), after adjusting for confounders. Increasing impairment in lung function with age was found among biomass users (p-interaction = 0.01). In conclusion, use of a clean fuel cookstove may improve lung function. These findings have broad implications for research and public policy.
- Published
- 2019
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12. Mechanical Degradation of Different Classes of Composite Resins Aged in Water, Air, and Oil.
- Author
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Ricci WA, Alfano P, Pamato S, Cruz CADS, and Pereira JR
- Subjects
- Composite Resins classification, Hardness, Humans, Materials Testing, Mechanical Phenomena, Mineral Oil adverse effects, Surface Properties, Temperature, Water adverse effects, Composite Resins chemistry, Nanoparticles chemistry, Silorane Resins chemistry, Stress, Mechanical
- Abstract
A significant deterioration of the properties can drastically compromise the survival rate of restorative materials. The aim of this study was to assess flexural strength and hardness of three composite classes: hybrid composite resin (HCR), nanoparticulate composite resin (NCR), and silorane-based composite resin (SBCR). One hundred specimens were prepared for hardness testing by using a split metallic mold measuring 10 mm in diameter and 2 mm deep. Twenty specimens were prepared for each restorative material, randomly assigned for storage in air, distilled water, or mineral oil. After intervals of 24 hours, 30, 60, 90, and 120 days, hardness and flexural strength tests were initially compared in two levels: "storage medium" and "time" within each material group. A two-way analysis of variance was performed (p<0.05) on the variables "material" and "storage time" (p<0.05). The HCR showed to be stable with regard to the evaluation of flexural strength and hardness (p<0.05). A significant reduction occurs for the NCR in comparison to the other groups (p<0.05). The NCR presented the lowest values of hardness and flexural strength kept on water over time. The characteristics of material showed a strong influence on the decrease of the mechanical properties analyzed.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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13. An unusual cause of respiratory distress.
- Author
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Rajagopala S and Selvam N
- Subjects
- Bronchoalveolar Lavage, Bronchoscopy, Child, Preschool, Humans, Mineral Oil administration & dosage, Pneumonia, Lipid diagnostic imaging, Radiography, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Weight Loss, Fever etiology, Lung diagnostic imaging, Mineral Oil adverse effects, Pneumonia, Lipid diagnosis, Pneumonia, Lipid therapy, Respiratory Aspiration
- Abstract
Exogenous lipoid pneumonia is a rare alveolar-filling disorder characterized by foreign body reaction to inhaled/aspirated hydrocarbon that may be vegetable oil, animal fat, or mineral oil. It is vanishingly rare and often missed except in the classical clinical settings of acute aspiration of petroleum products. We present a toddler with iatrogenic exogenous lipoid pneumonia and highlight clinical and radiological clues that can prompt early recognition of this entity., Competing Interests: None
- Published
- 2019
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14. Surgical Management of Penile Lesions Secondary to Foreign Body Reaction: A Case Report and Systematic Review.
- Author
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Faveret PLS and Santiago F
- Subjects
- Adult, Brazil, Chloramphenicol administration & dosage, Collagenases administration & dosage, Debridement methods, Drug Combinations, Granuloma, Foreign-Body complications, Granuloma, Foreign-Body pathology, Humans, Male, Mineral Oil administration & dosage, Necrosis pathology, Necrosis therapy, Ointments, Penis pathology, Scrotum transplantation, Skin Ulcer etiology, Skin Ulcer pathology, Surgical Flaps transplantation, Treatment Outcome, Body Modification, Non-Therapeutic adverse effects, Granuloma, Foreign-Body therapy, Mineral Oil adverse effects, Penis surgery, Plastic Surgery Procedures methods, Skin Ulcer therapy
- Abstract
Background: To improve the penile contour, some men choose to undergo implantation or injection of nonbiological materials. Foreign body reactions in penile tissue may produce scarring, deformity, ulceration, necrosis, and even gangrene. Consensus is lacking regarding the most effective surgical procedure for reconstruction of these penile lesions., Objectives: The authors describe one case study and the first systematic review focusing on reconstructive surgical management for penile lesions secondary to foreign body reaction., Methods: PubMed, Medline, and Cochrane databases were queried for publications written in English, French, Portuguese, and Spanish from 1951 to May 2017. Multiple search terms were applied., Results: Of the 3304 articles identified, 51 were included in the systematic review. All were retrospective studies, case series, or case reports. A total of 260 patients underwent surgical procedures, and the complication rate was 37.3%. The scrotal flap technique was performed most frequently (43.4%) and resulted in 65.6% of the total complications observed. One Brazilian case study was also described with an extensive and circumferential ulcer after six mineral oil bolls implant in the penile subcutaneous tissue., Conclusions: Restoration of the penile shape preserving the functionality and maintaining a good physician-patient relationship may be a challenge. The scrotal pouch may be advantageous for patch grafting of penile soft-tissue lesions, owing to its skin laxity and good blood supply. A less aggressive surgical approach has the benefits of shorter healing time and fewer early complications. Penile injuries are best treated by experienced surgeons on a case-by-case basis with care given to identify the most appropriate treatment.
- Published
- 2018
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15. Autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome induced by mineral oil: a health problem.
- Author
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Vera-Lastra O, Medina G, Cruz-Domínguez MP, Ramírez GM, Blancas RBP, Amaro ALP, Martínez AV, Delgado JS, and Jara LJ
- Subjects
- Animals, Autoimmune Diseases diagnosis, Autoimmune Diseases therapy, Humans, Autoimmune Diseases chemically induced, Cosmetic Techniques adverse effects, Mineral Oil adverse effects
- Abstract
Autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvant (ASIA) includes the following conditions: siliconosis, Gulf War syndrome, macrophagic myofasciitis syndrome, and post-vaccination phenomena. Afterward, other syndromes have been recognized, such as in ASIA by mineral oil (ASIA-MO). These conditions are triggered by adjuvants and they are the result of the interplay of genetic and environmental factors. ASIA-MO is defined as the infiltration of oily type modeling substances for cosmetic purposes. It has been reported in many countries and used surreptitiously. Pathogenesis of ASIA-MO is not clear, but is characterized by chronic granulomatous inflammation, like the pristane model in mice, with increase of proinflammatory cytokines: type I interferons (IFNα and IFNß), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and erosive arthritis. In humans, an increase of interleukin 1 (IL-1) has been found. Clinical spectrum of ASIA-MO is heterogeneous, varying from mild to severe and being local and systemic. The systemic manifestations can be non-specific and specific, meeting criteria for any autoimmune disease (AID), i.e., SLE, rheumatoid arthritis, and systemic sclerosis, among others. The areas of the body where the mineral oil is mostly applied include the following: buttocks (38-72%), breasts (12-16%), lower extremities (18-22%), and face (6-10%). The penis augmentation is also common. Treatment is focused on local and systemic manifestations and requires medical and surgical management representing a challenge for the physician.
- Published
- 2018
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16. Exogenous lipoid pneumonia induced by nasal decongestant.
- Author
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Osman GA, Ricci A, Terzo F, Falasca C, Giovagnoli MR, Bruno P, Vecchione A, Raffa S, Valente S, Torrisi MR, De Dominicis C, Giovagnoli S, and Mariotta S
- Subjects
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Bronchoalveolar Lavage methods, Colonoscopy methods, Diverticulosis, Colonic diagnostic imaging, Diverticulosis, Colonic pathology, Female, Humans, Lung diagnostic imaging, Lung Neoplasms diagnostic imaging, Male, Middle Aged, Mineral Oil adverse effects, Pneumonia, Lipid diagnostic imaging, Pneumonia, Lipid pathology, Pneumonia, Lipid physiopathology, Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography, Solitary Pulmonary Nodule surgery, Solitary Pulmonary Nodule ultrastructure, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Lung pathology, Lung Neoplasms pathology, Nasal Decongestants adverse effects, Pneumonia, Lipid chemically induced, Solitary Pulmonary Nodule pathology
- Abstract
Introduction: Lipoid pneumonia is a clinical condition that may be initially asymptomatic or confused with an infectious or malignant lung disease., Objectives: We report four cases of this pathological condition., Methods: The first case concerned an 85-year old woman with bilateral confluent pulmonary opacities, ground-glass type. Diagnosis was based on the cytology of the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid followed by its ultrastructural examination. The second case was a 47-year-old man with an isolated pulmonary nodule, which was surgically removed; the diagnosis of lipoid pneumonia was formulated on the basis of the histological and electron microscopy examination. The third case concerned a 73-year-old woman, with bilateral hypodense areas at the bases of the lungs where FDG PET/CT scan showed an increased uptake. Diagnosis was formulated by BAL cytology and electron microscopy examination. The fourth case was a 69-year-old man, who performed a virtual colonoscopy for diverticulosis putting in evidence a round mass (3 cm in diameter) with two small peripheral nodules, located in the pulmonary left lower lobe. The histopathological examination of transthoracic biopsy confirmed a lipoid pneumonia., Results and Conclusion: In all four cases, it was put in evidence a prolonged use of a nasal decongestant containing mineral oils. In literature, the most cases described are characterized by a subclinical evolution and were presented as ground glass opacities which evolve, in the later phases, in an interstitial involvement or in a peripheral mass, simulating a lung tumour., (© 2016 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
- Published
- 2018
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17. Influence of hydrocarbon oil structure on adjuvanticity and autoimmunity.
- Author
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Yau ACY, Lönnblom E, Zhong J, and Holmdahl R
- Subjects
- Adjuvants, Immunologic administration & dosage, Adjuvants, Immunologic chemistry, Animals, Arthritis, Experimental blood, Arthritis, Experimental diagnosis, Arthritis, Experimental pathology, Autoantibodies blood, Autoantibodies immunology, Collagen Type II immunology, Disease Models, Animal, Disease Progression, Female, Humans, Hydrocarbons administration & dosage, Hydrocarbons chemistry, Male, Mineral Oil administration & dosage, Mineral Oil chemistry, Ovalbumin administration & dosage, Ovalbumin immunology, Rats, Severity of Illness Index, Vaccines administration & dosage, Vaccines adverse effects, Vaccines chemistry, Adjuvants, Immunologic adverse effects, Arthritis, Experimental immunology, Autoimmunity, Hydrocarbons adverse effects, Mineral Oil adverse effects
- Abstract
Mineral oils are extensively used in our daily life, in food, cosmetics, biomedicine, vaccines and in different industrial applications. However, exposure to these mineral oils has been associated with immune adjuvant effects and the development of autoimmune diseases. Here we investigate the structural impacts of the hydrocarbon oil molecules on their adjuvanticity and autoimmunity. First, we showed that hydrocarbon oil molecules with small atomic differences could result in experimental arthritis in DA rats differing in disease severity, incidence, weight change and serum levels of acute phase proteins. Injection of these hydrocarbon oils resulted in the activation, proliferation and elevated expression of Th1 and especially Th17 cytokines by the T cells, which correlate with the arthritogenicity of the T cells. Furthermore, the more arthritogenic hydrocarbon oils resulted in an increased production of autoantibodies against cartilage joint specific, triple-helical type II collagen epitopes. When injected together with ovalbumin, the more arthritogenic hydrocarbon oils resulted in an increased production of αβ T cell-dependent anti-ovalbumin antibodies. This study shows the arthritogenicity of hydrocarbon oils is associated with their adjuvant properties with implications to not only arthritis research but also other diseases and medical applications such as vaccines in which oil adjuvants are involved.
- Published
- 2017
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18. Long-term adverse effects of intramuscular oil injection.
- Author
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Juel J, Vestergaard Grejsen D, and Pareek M
- Subjects
- Adult, Humans, Injections, Intramuscular, Long Term Adverse Effects, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Arm diagnostic imaging, Arm pathology, Doping in Sports, Mineral Oil administration & dosage, Mineral Oil adverse effects, Weight Lifting
- Abstract
Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
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19. [Analysis of 12 cases of exogenous lipoid pneumonia confirmed by pathology].
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Wang YX, Fang F, Guo YF, Li YM, Sun TY, Zhang M, Chen J, and Fang BM
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Bronchoscopy, Cough etiology, Female, Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products, Humans, Inflammation, Lung diagnostic imaging, Male, Middle Aged, Radiography, Retrospective Studies, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Image-Guided Biopsy methods, Mineral Oil adverse effects, Pneumonia, Lipid chemically induced, Pneumonia, Lipid pathology
- Abstract
Objective: To study the etiological, clinical, radiological, diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic manifestations of exogenous lipoid pneumonia (ELP), and therefore to improve the diagnosis and treatment of this disease. Methods: The clinical data of 12 cases of ELP confirmed by pathology were retrospectively analyzed. Results: The patients consisted of 9 males and 3 females, with an average age of 73.8 years (range, 44 to 100 years). The underlying diseases were variable, including diseases affecting the general condition (multiple organ failure, chronic heart and renal insufficiency, pemphigoid, etc) and conditions with increased risk of aspiration (sequelae of cerebrovascular disease, Alzheimer's disease, advanced stage of nasopharyngeal carcinoma, paralytic ileus, etc). The 12 cases were all caused by Inhalation of mineral oil. Common symptoms included cough, sputum production and dyspnea. ELP had no special physical signs. Inflammation indexes, such as white blood cell, neutrophil percentage, ESR, C reactive protein, procalcitonin, D-Dimer, and blood lipid levels were usually normal. Radiological features of ELP mainly included consolidation, mass or nodules, with a little ground-glass opacity. Some patients had ventilation and/or diffusion dysfunction. The diagnostic methods included CT-guided percutaneous lung biopsy, thoracoscopy, thoracotomy or autopsy. Histopathological findings showed accumulation of large foamy macrophages in the alveolar spaces, with a few lipid deposition and polykaryocytes. The main treatment of ELP was cessation of lipid material contact. One case died of ELP, 6 died of other coexisting diseases, and the rest 6 improved with treatment and were discharged. The survival patients were all stable during a follow-up of 2-4.5 years. Conclusions: ELP was rare and its clinical manifestation was atypical. Its radiological manifestations were indistinguishable from pneumonia, lung cancer, interstitial lung diseases, etc. Pathological examination was the gold standard for diagnosis, and the preferred means of sampling was bronchoscopy. In cases whose diagnosis could not be confirmed by BALF, CT-guided percutaneous lung biopsy might be considered. The most important treatment is cessation of lipid material contact. The prognosis is good.
- Published
- 2017
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20. Penile Paraffinoma: Should We Perform Ultrasound?
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Morales-Raya C, Calleja-Algarra A, Tous-Romero F, and Rivera-Díaz R
- Subjects
- Adult, Cosmetic Techniques, Giant Cells pathology, Humans, Injections, Subcutaneous, Male, Penile Diseases diagnostic imaging, Penile Diseases pathology, Penile Diseases surgery, Plastic Surgery Procedures, Skin Ulcer etiology, Ultrasonography, Mineral Oil adverse effects, Penile Diseases chemically induced
- Published
- 2017
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21. A case series and a review of the literature on foreign modelling agent reaction: an emerging problem.
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Martínez-Villarreal AA, Asz-Sigall D, Gutiérrez-Mendoza D, Serena TE, Lozano-Platonoff A, Sanchez-Cruz LY, Toussaint-Caire S, Domínguez-Cherit J, López-García LA, Cárdenas-Sánchez A, and Contreras-Ruiz J
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Breast physiopathology, Buttocks physiopathology, Cosmetics administration & dosage, Female, Homosexuality, Male statistics & numerical data, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Mineral Oil administration & dosage, Retrospective Studies, Skin physiopathology, Young Adult, Cosmetics adverse effects, Foreign Bodies immunology, Foreign-Body Reaction complications, Mineral Oil adverse effects, Skin Ulcer etiology, Skin Ulcer therapy
- Abstract
Foreign modelling agent reactions (FMAR) are the result of the injection of unapproved high-viscosity fluids with the purpose of cosmetic body modelling. Its consequences lead to ulceration, disfigurement and even death, and it has reached epidemic proportions in several regions of the world. We describe a series of patients treated for FMARs in a specialised wound care centre and a thorough review of the literature. A retrospective chart review was performed from January 1999 to September 2015 of patients who had been injected with non-medical foreign agents and who developed cutaneous ulceration needing treatment at the dermatology wound care centre. This study involved 23 patients whose ages ranged from 22 to 67 years with higher proportion of women and homosexual men. The most commonly injected sites were the buttocks (38·5%), legs (18%), thighs (15·4%) and breasts (11·8%). Mineral oil (39%) and other unknown substances (30·4%) were the most commonly injected. The latency period ranged from 1 week to 17 years. Complications included several skin changes such as sclerosis and ulceration as well as systemic complications. FMAR is a severe syndrome that may lead to deadly complications, and is still very common in Latin America., (© 2016 Medicalhelplines.com Inc and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
- Published
- 2017
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22. An uncommon chest mass: oleothorax.
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Hochhegger B, Zanetti G, and Marchiori E
- Subjects
- Aged, 80 and over, Collapse Therapy adverse effects, Female, Humans, Lung Diseases etiology, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Lung Diseases diagnostic imaging, Mineral Oil adverse effects
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
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23. Osmotic and stimulant laxatives for the management of childhood constipation.
- Author
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Gordon M, MacDonald JK, Parker CE, Akobeng AK, and Thomas AG
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Child, Child, Preschool, Defecation drug effects, Dietary Fiber adverse effects, Dietary Fiber therapeutic use, Enema, Female, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Lactulose adverse effects, Lactulose therapeutic use, Laxatives adverse effects, Magnesium Hydroxide adverse effects, Magnesium Hydroxide therapeutic use, Male, Mineral Oil adverse effects, Mineral Oil therapeutic use, Osmosis, Polyethylene Glycols adverse effects, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Senna Extract adverse effects, Senna Extract therapeutic use, Sennosides, Treatment Outcome, Constipation drug therapy, Laxatives therapeutic use, Polyethylene Glycols therapeutic use
- Abstract
Background: Constipation within childhood is an extremely common problem. Despite the widespread use of osmotic and stimulant laxatives by health professionals to manage constipation in children, there has been a long standing paucity of high quality evidence to support this practice., Objectives: We set out to evaluate the efficacy and safety of osmotic and stimulant laxatives used to treat functional childhood constipation., Search Methods: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and the Cochrane IBD Group Specialized Trials Register from inception to 10 March 2016. There were no language restrictions. We also searched the references of all included studies, personal contacts and drug companies to identify studies., Selection Criteria: Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) which compared osmotic or stimulant laxatives to placebo or another intervention, with participants aged 0 to 18 years old were considered for inclusion. The primary outcome was frequency of defecation. Secondary endpoints included faecal incontinence, disimpaction, need for additional therapies and adverse events., Data Collection and Analysis: Relevant papers were identified and two authors independently assessed the eligibility of trials, extracted data and assessed methodological quality using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. The primary outcome was frequency of defecation. Secondary endpoints included faecal incontinence, disimpaction, need for additional therapies and adverse events. For continuous outcomes we calculated the mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) using a fixed-effect model. For dichotomous outcomes we calculated the risk ratio (RR) and 95% CI using a fixed-effect model. The Chi(2) and I(2) statistics were used to assess statistical heterogeneity. A random-effects model was used in situations of unexplained heterogeneity. We assessed the overall quality of the evidence supporting the primary and secondary outcomes using the GRADE criteria., Main Results: Twenty-five RCTs (2310 participants) were included in the review. Fourteen studies were judged to be at high risk of bias due to lack of blinding, incomplete outcome data and selective reporting. Meta-analysis of two studies (101 patients) comparing polyethylene glycol (PEG) with placebo showed a significantly increased number of stools per week with PEG (MD 2.61 stools per week, 95% CI 1.15 to 4.08). Common adverse events in the placebo-controlled studies included flatulence, abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhoea and headache. Participants receiving high dose PEG (0.7 g/kg) had significantly more stools per week than low dose PEG (0.3 g/kg) participants (1 study, 90 participants, MD 1.30, 95% 0.76 to 1.84). Meta-analysis of 6 studies with 465 participants comparing PEG with lactulose showed a significantly greater number of stools per week with PEG (MD 0.70 , 95% CI 0.10 to 1.31), although follow-up was short. Patients who received PEG were significantly less likely to require additional laxative therapies. Eighteen per cent (27/154) of PEG patients required additional therapies compared to 31% (47/150) of lactulose patients (RR 0.55, 95% CI 0.36 to 0.83). No serious adverse events were reported with either agent. Common adverse events in these studies included diarrhoea, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting and pruritis ani. Meta-analysis of 3 studies with 211 participants comparing PEG with milk of magnesia showed that the stools per week were significantly greater with PEG (MD 0.69, 95% CI 0.48 to 0.89). However, the magnitude of this difference was quite small and may not be clinically significant. One child was noted to be allergic to PEG, but there were no other serious adverse events reported. One study found a significant difference in stools per week favouring milk of magnesia over lactulose (MD -1.51, 95% CI -2.63 to -0.39, 50 patients), Meta-analysis of 2 studies with 287 patients comparing liquid paraffin (mineral oil) with lactulose revealed a relatively large statistically significant difference in the number of stools per week favouring liquid paraffin (MD 4.94 , 95% CI 4.28 to 5.61). No serious adverse events were reported. Adverse events included abdominal pain, distention and watery stools. No statistically significant differences in the number of stools per week were found between PEG and enemas (1 study, 90 patients, MD 1.00, 95% CI -1.58 to 3.58), dietary fibre mix and lactulose (1 study, 125 patients, P = 0.481), senna and lactulose (1 study, 21 patients, P > 0.05), lactitol and lactulose (1 study, 51 patients, MD -0.80, 95% CI -2.63 to 1.03), hydrolyzed guar gum and lactulose (1 study, 61 patients, MD 1.00, 95% CI -1.80 to 3.80), PEG and flixweed (1 study, 109 patients, MD 0.00, 95% CI -0.33 to 0.33), PEG and dietary fibre (1 study, 83 patients, MD 0.20, 95% CI -0.64 to 1.04), and PEG and liquid paraffin (2 studies, 261 patients, MD 0.35, 95% CI -0.24 to 0.95)., Authors' Conclusions: The pooled analyses suggest that PEG preparations may be superior to placebo, lactulose and milk of magnesia for childhood constipation. GRADE analyses indicated that the overall quality of the evidence for the primary outcome (number of stools per week) was low or very low due to sparse data, inconsistency (heterogeneity), and high risk of bias in the studies in the pooled analyses. Thus, the results of the pooled analyses should be interpreted with caution because of quality and methodological concerns, as well as clinical heterogeneity, and short follow-up. There is also evidence suggesting the efficacy of liquid paraffin (mineral oil). There is no evidence to demonstrate the superiority of lactulose when compared to the other agents studied, although there is a lack of placebo controlled studies. Further research is needed to investigate the long term use of PEG for childhood constipation, as well as the role of liquid paraffin. The optimal dose of PEG also warrants further investigation.
- Published
- 2016
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24. Efficacy and Safety of a Mineral Oil-Based Head Lice Shampoo: A Randomized, Controlled, Investigator-Blinded, Comparative Study.
- Author
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Wolf L, Eertmans F, Wolf D, Rossel B, and Adriaens E
- Subjects
- Administration, Topical, Adolescent, Adult, Animals, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Insecticides administration & dosage, Insecticides adverse effects, Male, Middle Aged, Scalp Dermatoses drug therapy, Treatment Outcome, Young Adult, Hair Preparations administration & dosage, Hair Preparations adverse effects, Lice Infestations drug therapy, Mineral Oil administration & dosage, Mineral Oil adverse effects, Pediculus drug effects
- Abstract
Background: Due to increased resistance and safety concerns with insecticide-based pediculicides, there is growing demand for head lice treatments with a physical mode of action. Certain mineral oils kill lice by blocking spiracles or by disrupting the epicuticular wax layer. The present study was performed to evaluate efficacy and safety of a mineral oil-based shampoo., Methods: This randomized, controlled, investigator-blinded, monocentric study (EudraCT registration no. 2014-002918-23) was performed from October 2014-June 2015 in Germany. A mineral oil shampoo (Mosquito® Med Läuse Shampoo 10 in Germany, Paranix or Silcap shampoo elsewhere), registered as medical device, was compared to a conventional, locally reimbursed, pyrethroid-based pediculicide (Goldgeist® Forte solution). In total, 107 patients (>1 year) with confirmed head lice infestation were included (test arm: n = 53; control arm: n = 54). All subjects received two applications of either test or control product at day 0 and day 7, according to the instructions for use. Efficacy and safety was evaluated directly, 1h and 24h after first application, before and after second treatment, and at day 10. The main objective was demonstrating a cure rate for the test product, being superior to 70% at day 10., Results: Cure rates at day 10 (corrected for re-infestation) for the test product (96.1%) and control (94%) significantly exceeded the pre-defined target (70%) (p < 0.001, 2-sided, 1-sample, chi-square test) with confirmed non-inferiority for the test product. Over all visits, cure rates were consistently higher for the test product, whereas more initially-cured subjects remained lice-free until end of study (78%; control: 60%). Both products were safe and well tolerated, offering good esthetical effects., Conclusion: This study showed that substance-based medical devices (including the tested mineral oil shampoo) can be safe and effective alternatives for insecticide-based pediculicides, with less risk for development of resistance because of the physical mode of action., Trial Registration: German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS) DRKS00009753 and EudraCT database 2014-002918-23.
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- 2016
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25. Periorbital Allergic Contact Dermatitis Caused by Lanolin in a Lubricating Eye Ointment.
- Author
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Higgins CL and Nixon RL
- Subjects
- Drug Combinations, Dry Eye Syndromes drug therapy, Eye, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Ointments, Chlorobutanol adverse effects, Dermatitis, Allergic Contact etiology, Emollients adverse effects, Facial Dermatoses chemically induced, Lanolin adverse effects, Mineral Oil adverse effects
- Published
- 2016
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26. Constipation complication: lung injury following inadvertent intravenous injection of liquid paraffin.
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Williams SE and Docherty MH
- Subjects
- Adult, Diagnosis, Differential, Female, Humans, Injections, Intravenous, Lung Injury diagnostic imaging, Lung Injury drug therapy, Lung Injury pathology, Medication Errors, Mineral Oil administration & dosage, Treatment Outcome, Constipation drug therapy, Lung Injury chemically induced, Mineral Oil adverse effects
- Abstract
Liquid paraffin is a highly refined petroleum derivative commonly used medicinally as an oral laxative in Lesotho. We present the case of a 22-year-old Basotho woman admitted under the care of gynaecology in a rural hospital in Lesotho. She was inadvertently administered 10 mL of intravenous liquid paraffin. There were no immediate complications. After 48 h, the patient became unwell with frank haemoptysis and features of systemic inflammation. A chest X-ray demonstrated new bilateral pulmonary infiltrates. She made a full clinical and radiological recovery with a 5-day course of high-dose oral prednisolone and broad-spectrum antibiotics. She was discharged home in a stable condition., (2016 BMJ Publishing Group Ltd.)
- Published
- 2016
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27. Lots of steroids and vitamins, tons of complications. Hypercalcemia and nephrocalcinosis as important complications of performance-enhancing drugs.
- Author
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Bento C, Velho P, and Carvalho M
- Subjects
- Acute Kidney Injury etiology, Acute Kidney Injury therapy, Adrenal Cortex Hormones therapeutic use, Adult, Anastomosis, Surgical, Duodenum surgery, Fluid Therapy, Furosemide therapeutic use, Humans, Hyperparathyroidism, Secondary chemically induced, Injections, Intramuscular, Jejunum surgery, Male, Mineral Oil adverse effects, Pancreatitis etiology, Androgens adverse effects, Exercise, Hypercalcemia chemically induced, Nephrocalcinosis chemically induced, Performance-Enhancing Substances adverse effects, Testosterone Congeners adverse effects, Vitamins adverse effects
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- 2015
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28. Lipoid pneumonia: An unusual and preventable illness in elderly patients.
- Author
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Bell MM
- Subjects
- Aged, 80 and over, Diagnosis, Differential, Humans, Male, Pneumonia, Lipid pathology, Mineral Oil adverse effects, Pneumonia, Lipid chemically induced
- Published
- 2015
29. Subacute fat-embolism-like syndrome following high-volume intramuscular and accidental intravascular injection of mineral oil.
- Author
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Hjort M, Hoegberg LC, Almind M, and Jansen T
- Subjects
- Adult, Anabolic Agents administration & dosage, Anabolic Agents adverse effects, Delayed Diagnosis, Humans, Injections, Intramuscular, Male, Mineral Oil administration & dosage, Pulmonary Embolism chemically induced, Pulmonary Embolism pathology, Respiratory Distress Syndrome chemically induced, Self Administration, Steroids administration & dosage, Steroids adverse effects, Weight Lifting, Embolism, Fat chemically induced, Medical Errors, Mineral Oil adverse effects
- Abstract
Objective: We present a rare case of subacute fat-embolism-like syndrome (FES-like) following intravascular injection of mineral oil-steroid solution with delayed diagnosis, acute onset of pulmonary distress, and transient clinical deterioration., Case Report: A 40-year-old man was admitted following as a pedestrian being hit by a car. Examinations revealed sternum fracture and lung contusion. The patient was discharged with oral analgesics. Seven days later he returned presenting with coughing, hemoptysis, elevated leucocytes, and increased C-reactive protein. Chest radiograph revealed basal infiltrations. Suspecting pneumonia, the patient was discharged with antibiotics. Unknown to the clinicians, the patient had self-administered a mineral oil with added anabolic steroids by intramuscular injections for cosmetic purposes. The patient had observed blood on aspiration, and then relocated the needle before injecting 140 ml in his biceps muscle. Shortly after, the patient described near fainting and hemoptysis suggesting an accidental intravascular injection. Over the next 3 days the patient experienced increasing shortness of breath and hemoptysis. Examinations confirmed the diagnosis and the patient was treated with organ-specific supportive measures, tranexamic acid, and prednisolone and discharged after 11 days in the hospital., Conclusion: Subacute FES-like was associated with injection of body filler in muscle tissue. FES-like can mimic pneumonia, posttraumatic lung injury, and other more frequent causes to respiratory failure.
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- 2015
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30. Insertional hypermutation in mineral oil-induced plasmacytomas.
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Knittel G, Metzner M, Beck-Engeser G, Kan A, Ahrends T, Eilat D, Huppi K, and Wabl M
- Subjects
- Animals, Cell Line, Emollients pharmacology, Mice, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Mineral Oil pharmacology, Emollients adverse effects, Mineral Oil adverse effects, Mutagenesis, Insertional drug effects, Mutagenesis, Insertional immunology, Neoplasms, Experimental chemically induced, Neoplasms, Experimental genetics, Neoplasms, Experimental immunology, Neoplasms, Experimental pathology, Plasmacytoma chemically induced, Plasmacytoma genetics, Plasmacytoma immunology, Plasmacytoma pathology, Retroelements
- Abstract
Unless stimulated by a chronic inflammatory agent, such as mineral oil, plasma cell tumors are rare in young BALB/c mice. This raises the questions: What do inflammatory tissues provide to promote mutagenesis? And what is the nature of mutagenesis? We determined that mineral oil-induced plasmacytomas produce large amounts of endogenous retroelements--ecotropic and polytropic murine leukemia virus and intracisternal A particles. Therefore, plasmacytoma formation might occur, in part, by de novo insertion of these retroelements, induced or helped by the inflammation. We recovered up to ten de novo insertions in a single plasmacytoma, mostly in genes with common retroviral integration sites. Additional integrations accompany tumor evolution from a solid tumor through several generations in cell culture. The high frequency of de novo integrations into cancer genes suggests that endogenous retroelements are coresponsible for plasmacytoma formation and progression in BALB/c mice., (© 2014 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.)
- Published
- 2014
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31. [Clinical characteristics of lipid aspiration pneumonia in 16 children].
- Author
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Ge L, Chen S, Lin M, Xia X, Jin Y, and He S
- Subjects
- Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use, C-Reactive Protein analysis, Child, Preschool, Diagnosis, Differential, Female, Fever diagnosis, Fever drug therapy, Glucocorticoids therapeutic use, Humans, Infant, Lung pathology, Male, Mineral Oil adverse effects, Pneumonia, Lipid drug therapy, Pneumonia, Lipid etiology, Radiography, Thoracic, Retrospective Studies, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Lung diagnostic imaging, Pneumonia, Lipid diagnosis
- Abstract
Objective: To investigate clinical characteristics and changes of pulmonary imaging of mineral oil aspiration pneumonia in children., Method: The clinical features, CT findings, and effects of corticosteroid therapy were analyzed in 16 children with mineral oil aspiration pneumonia, who were hospitalized in our hospital from January 2003 to July 2013., Result: All patients with mineral oil aspiration pneumonia had a history of mineral oil administration.Four patients had no clinical manifestations. Ten cases presented fever, and 8 of the 10 patients had fever in 4-8 h after taking mineral oil, and the temperature was between 39-40 °C. There were wheezing in 2 cases, shortness of breath in 6 cases, cyanosis in 1 case, dyspnea in 3 cases, and moaning in 2 cases, chest pain in 1 case, headache and abnormal EEG in 1 case.Six patients had rales in lungs. Peripheral blood white cells increased in 10 cases, and C- reactive protein elevated in 7 patients. Chest CT examination showed abnormal findings in 6 children, and the earliest CT was performed within 2 h after the accident. The rest 10 children got chest X-ray, and 9 of 10 children had abnormal findings. The earliest X-ray was done within 3 h after the accident. And the remaining 1 of 10 children showed no significant changes in the first chest X-ray 2-3 h after the accident until 3 days. All of the patients received corticosteroid and antibiotic treatments, 4 cases underwent bronchoalveolar lavage, 3 patients were given albumin, 6 cases received intravenous immunoglobulin. Three cases delayed in treatment with hormone because of misdiagnosis, and 2 of them had clearly secondary infections. Twelve patients recovered completely from oil aspiration pneumonia after 8 days to 5.5 months., Conclusion: Oil aspiration pneumonia in children occurs in almost all cases after mineral oil aspiration. Pulmonary opacities can be found by chest CT in most patients within 24 hours after mineral oil aspiration. Corticosteroids therapy was effective for patients with exogenous lipid pneumonia, which may inhibit the inflammatory response and possible pulmonary fibrosis.
- Published
- 2014
32. Oesophageal dilatation with pulmonary consolidation. Exogenous lipoid pneumonia (ELP).
- Author
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Marchiori E, Hochhegger B, and Zanetti G
- Subjects
- Aged, Chagas Disease diagnostic imaging, Constipation diet therapy, Deglutition Disorders diagnosis, Deglutition Disorders etiology, Diagnosis, Differential, Female, Humans, Laryngopharyngeal Reflux diagnosis, Laryngopharyngeal Reflux etiology, Mineral Oil therapeutic use, Pneumonia, Lipid diagnostic imaging, Radiography, Tomography Scanners, X-Ray Computed, Chagas Disease diagnosis, Mineral Oil adverse effects, Pneumonia, Lipid diagnosis
- Published
- 2014
33. Occupational skin cancer may be underreported.
- Author
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Carøe TK, Ebbehøj NE, Wulf HC, and Agner T
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Carcinoma, Basal Cell etiology, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell etiology, Construction Industry, Denmark epidemiology, Female, Gardening, Humans, Hydrocarbons adverse effects, Male, Middle Aged, Mineral Oil adverse effects, Occupational Diseases etiology, Precancerous Conditions etiology, Prevalence, Registries, Skin Neoplasms etiology, Tars adverse effects, Ultraviolet Rays adverse effects, Welding, Carcinoma, Basal Cell epidemiology, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell epidemiology, Occupational Diseases epidemiology, Occupational Exposure adverse effects, Precancerous Conditions epidemiology, Skin Neoplasms epidemiology
- Abstract
Introduction: Skin cancer may, in some cases, be caused by occupational exposures. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of and exposures leading to occupationally induced skin cancers in Denmark during a ten-year period., Material and Methods: The study is a descriptive, register-based study comprising all patients with recognized occupational malignant and premalignant skin conditions in Denmark in the 01/01 2000-31/12 2009 period. Data were obtained from The National Board of Industrial Injuries and comprise information about diagnosis, occupational and domestic exposure, anatomic localization, occupation, degree of permanent disability, age and sex., Results: A total of 36 patients were recognized as occupational skin cancer cases. The mean age was 61 years (44-75 years), 31 men and five women. The most frequent diagnosis was basal cell carcinoma followed by squamous cell carcinoma. No cases of malignant melanoma were recognized. The primary risk factor for development of occupational skin cancer was ultraviolet (UV) exposure during outdoor working., Conclusion: Data based on recognized cases of occupational skin cancer during a ten-year period in Denmark show that non-melanoma skin cancer was the most frequent diagnosis, while the primary risk factor was UV radiation in outdoor occupations. A total of 36 cases were reported over a period of ten years, and underreporting may be suspected. The purpose of the present study was to raise the awareness of occupational skin cancer, and on the basis of existing data to contribute to criteria for the diagnosis of occupational skin cancer., Funding: not relevant., Trial Registration: not relevant.
- Published
- 2013
34. [Lipoid pneumonia: presentation of a case].
- Author
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Alvarez-Cordovés MM, Mirpuri-Mirpuri PG, Rocha-Cabrera P, and Pérez-Monje A
- Subjects
- Humans, Male, Mineral Oil adverse effects, Young Adult, Occupational Diseases chemically induced, Occupational Diseases diagnosis, Pneumonia, Lipid chemically induced, Pneumonia, Lipid diagnosis
- Abstract
We report a case of lipoid pneumonia treated in our Health Centre. It is a disease that occurs rarely, but is important in Primary Care. This condition has been known since 1925, when it was first described by Laughlen, who described a case of lipoid pneumonia secondary to an injection of oil in the nasopharyngeal area. Today it is a rarity, and it is most frequently associated with the use of oil-based nasal drops (which are now decreasing in use). Its aetiology may be endogenous or exogenous. Although the pathological diagnosis is generally the most important, sometimes a lesion in the chest X-ray can lead us to suspect it due to the patient's history. This was a case of acute lipoid pneumonia in a young patient, who periodically performed as a "fire eater"., (Copyright © 2011 Elsevier España, S.L. y SEMERGEN. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2013
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35. Hypercalcemia associated with mineral oil-induced sclerosing paraffinomas.
- Author
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Moraitis AG, Hewison M, Collins M, Anaya C, and Holick MF
- Subjects
- 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 1-alpha-Hydroxylase metabolism, Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal therapeutic use, Cellulitis chemically induced, Cellulitis surgery, Cosmetic Techniques adverse effects, Glucocorticoids therapeutic use, Granuloma drug therapy, Granuloma immunology, Granuloma pathology, Humans, Hypercalcemia prevention & control, Injections, Subcutaneous, Lower Extremity, Macrophages drug effects, Macrophages enzymology, Male, Middle Aged, Mineral Oil administration & dosage, Mineral Oil adverse effects, Monocytes drug effects, Monocytes enzymology, Postoperative Complications drug therapy, Postoperative Complications immunology, Prednisone therapeutic use, Sclerosis, Skin drug effects, Skin enzymology, Skin pathology, Skin Neoplasms drug therapy, Skin Neoplasms immunology, Skin Neoplasms pathology, Skin Transplantation adverse effects, Skin Transplantation immunology, Treatment Outcome, Granuloma physiopathology, Hypercalcemia etiology, Macrophages immunology, Monocytes immunology, Postoperative Complications physiopathology, Skin immunology, Skin Neoplasms physiopathology
- Abstract
Objective: Granuloma-forming diseases such as sarcoidosis are associated with extrarenal synthesis of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25(OH)₂D]. We describe a case of extensive skin lesions associated with mineral oil injections in which we provide evidence for cutaneous granuloma synthesis of 1,25(OH)₂D in the pathogenesis of the patient's hypercalcemia., Methods: Analysis of expression of the 25(OH)D-1a-hydroxylase (1-a OHase [CYP27b1]) was carried out by immunohistochemical analysis of involved skin., Results: In involved skin, expression of CYP27b1 was found in the dermis, where it is not normally expressed. Successful management of hypercalcemia was achieved with glucocorticoids., Conclusions: Hypercalcemia associated with mineral oil induced skin lesions is likely driven by unregulated expression of CYP27b1 by inflammatory monocytes and macrophages infiltrating the dermis.
- Published
- 2013
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36. Lipoid pneumonia--a case of refractory pneumonia in a child treated with ketogenic diet.
- Author
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Buda P, Wieteska-Klimczak A, Własienko A, Mazur A, Ziołkowski J, Jaworska J, Kościesza A, Dunin-Wąsowicz D, and Książyk J
- Subjects
- Bronchoalveolar Lavage methods, Child, Preschool, Diet, Ketogenic methods, Epilepsy diet therapy, Female, Humans, Pneumonia, Lipid therapy, Diet, Ketogenic adverse effects, Mineral Oil adverse effects, Pneumonia, Lipid diagnosis, Pneumonia, Lipid etiology
- Abstract
Lipoid pneumonia (LP) is a chronic inflammation of the lung parenchyma with interstitial involvement due to the accumulation of endogenous or exogenous lipids. Exogenous LP (ELP) is associated with the aspiration or inhalation of oil present in food, oil-based medications or radiographic contrast media. The clinical manifestations of LP range from asymptomatic cases to severe pulmonary involvement, with respiratory failure and death, according to the quantity and duration of the aspiration. The diagnosis of exogenous lipoid pneumonia is based on a history of exposure to oil and the presence of lipid-laden macrophages on sputum or bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) analysis. High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) is the imaging technique of choice for evaluation of patients with suspected LP. The best therapeutic strategy is to remove the oil as early as possible through bronchoscopy with multiple BALs and interruption in the use of mineral oil. Steroid therapy remains controversial, and should be reserved for severe cases. We describe a case of LP due to oil aspiration in 3-year-old girl with intractable epilepsy on ketogenic diet. Diagnostic problems were due to non-specific symptoms that were mimicking serious infectious pneumonia. A high index of suspicion and precise medical history is required in cases of refractory pneumonia and fever unresponsive to conventional therapy. Gastroesophageal reflux and a risk of aspiration may be regarded as relative contraindications to the ketogenic diet. Conservative treatment, based on the use of oral steroids, proved to be an efficient therapeutic approach in this case.
- Published
- 2013
37. A solitary pulmonary nodule mimicking lung cancer.
- Author
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Seif F, Hafez-Khayyata S, and Hejal R
- Subjects
- Diagnosis, Differential, Emollients adverse effects, Granuloma, Foreign-Body chemically induced, Granuloma, Foreign-Body diagnosis, Humans, Lung diagnostic imaging, Lung surgery, Male, Middle Aged, Mineral Oil adverse effects, Pneumonia chemically induced, Pneumonia diagnosis, Solitary Pulmonary Nodule chemically induced, Solitary Pulmonary Nodule surgery, Tomography, X-Ray Computed methods, Lung Neoplasms, Solitary Pulmonary Nodule diagnosis
- Published
- 2012
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38. Osmotic and stimulant laxatives for the management of childhood constipation.
- Author
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Gordon M, Naidoo K, Akobeng AK, and Thomas AG
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Child, Child, Preschool, Defecation drug effects, Defecation physiology, Dietary Fiber adverse effects, Dietary Fiber therapeutic use, Humans, Infant, Lactulose adverse effects, Lactulose therapeutic use, Laxatives adverse effects, Magnesium Hydroxide adverse effects, Magnesium Hydroxide therapeutic use, Mineral Oil adverse effects, Mineral Oil therapeutic use, Osmosis, Polyethylene Glycols adverse effects, Polyethylene Glycols therapeutic use, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Sugar Alcohols adverse effects, Sugar Alcohols therapeutic use, Constipation drug therapy, Laxatives therapeutic use
- Abstract
Background: Constipation within childhood is an extremely common problem. Despite the widespread use of osmotic and stimulant laxatives by health professionals to manage constipation in children, there has been a long standing paucity of high quality evidence to support this practice., Objectives: We set out to evaluate the efficacy and safety of osmotic and stimulant laxatives used to treat functional childhood constipation., Search Methods: The search (inception to May 7, 2012) was standardised and not limited by language and included electronic searching (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Functional Bowel Disorders Group Specialized Trials Register), reference searching of all included studies, personal contacts and drug companies., Selection Criteria: Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) which compared osmotic or stimulant laxatives with either placebo or another intervention, with patients aged 0 to 18 years old were considered for inclusion. The primary outcome was frequency of defecation. Secondary endpoints included faecal incontinence, disimpaction, need for additional therapies and adverse events., Data Collection and Analysis: Relevant papers were identified and the authors independently assessed the eligibility of trials. Methodological quality was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool.The Cochrane RevMan software was used for analyses. Patients with final missing outcomes were assumed to have relapsed. For continuous outcomes we calculated a mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) using a fixed-effect model. For dichotomous outcomes we calculated an odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) using a fixed-effect model. The chi square and I(2) statistics were used to assess statistical heterogeneity. A random-effects model was used in situations of unexplained heterogeneity, Main Results: Eighteen RCTs (1643 patients) were included in the review. Nine studies were judged to be at high risk of bias due to lack of blinding, incomplete outcome data and selective reporting. Meta-analysis of two studies (101 patients) comparing polyethylene glycol (PEG) with placebo showed a significantly increased number of stools per week with PEG (MD 2.61 stools per week, 95% CI 1.15 to 4.08). Common adverse events in the placebo-controlled studies included flatulence, abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhoea and headache. Meta-analysis of 4 studies with 338 participants comparing PEG with lactulose showed significantly greater stools per week with PEG (MD 0.95 stools per week, 95% CI 0.46 to 1.44), although follow up was short. Patients who received PEG were significantly less likely to require additional laxative therapies. Eighteen per cent of PEG patients required additional therapies compared to 30% of lactulose patients (OR 0.49, 95% CI 0.27 to 0.89). No serious adverse events were reported with either agent. Common adverse events in these studies included diarrhoea, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting and pruritis ani. Meta-analysis of 3 studies with 211 participants comparing PEG with milk of magnesia showed that the stools/wk was significantly greater with PEG (MD 0.69 stools per week, 95% CI 0.48 to 0.89). However, the magnitude of this difference is quite small and may not be clinically significant. One child was noted to be allergic to PEG, but there were no other serious adverse events reported. Meta-analysis of 2 studies with 287 patients comparing liquid paraffin (mineral oil) with lactulose revealed a relatively large statistically significant difference in the number of stools per week favouring paraffin (MD 4.94 stools per week, 95% CI 4.28 to 5.61). No serious adverse events were reported. Adverse events included abdominal pain, distention and watery stools. No statistically significant differences in the number of stools per week were found between PEG and enemas (1 study, 90 patients, MD 1.00, 95% CI -1.58 to 3.58), dietary fibre mix and lactulose (1 study, 125 patients, P = 0.481), senna and lactulose (1 study, 21 patients, P > 0.05), lactitol and lactulose (1 study, 51 patients, MD -0.80, 95% CI -2.63 to 1.03), and PEG and liquid paraffin (1 study, 158 patients, MD 0.70, 95% CI -0.38 to 1.78)., Authors' Conclusions: The pooled analyses suggest that PEG preparations may be superior to placebo, lactulose and milk of magnesia for childhood constipation. GRADE analyses indicated that the overall quality of the evidence for the primary outcome (number of stools per week) was low or very low due to sparse data, inconsistency (heterogeneity), and high risk of bias in the studies in the pooled analyses. Thus, the results of the pooled analyses should be interpreted with caution because of quality and methodological concerns, as well as clinical heterogeneity, and short follow up. However, PEG appears safe and well tolerated. There is also evidence suggesting the efficacy of liquid paraffin (mineral oil), which was also well tolerated.There is no evidence to demonstrate the superiority of lactulose when compared to the other agents studied, although there is a lack of placebo controlled studies. Further research is needed to investigate the long term use of PEG for childhood constipation, as well as the role of liquid paraffin.
- Published
- 2012
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39. Penile paraffinoma after subcutaneous injection of paraffin. Treatment with a two step cutaneous plasty of the penile shaft with scrotal skin.
- Author
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Oñate Celdrán J, Sanchez Rodríguez C, Tomás Ros M, González Valverde FM, Morga Egea JP, Ruiz Marín M, Valdelvira Nadal P, Jiménez López JM, and Fontana Compiano LO
- Subjects
- Adult, Granuloma surgery, Humans, Injections, Subcutaneous adverse effects, Male, Mineral Oil administration & dosage, Penile Diseases surgery, Scrotum surgery, Urethra, Cosmetic Techniques adverse effects, Granuloma chemically induced, Mineral Oil adverse effects, Penile Diseases chemically induced, Penis surgery, Plastic Surgery Procedures methods
- Abstract
Objective: To report a rare case of penile paraffinoma caused by the subcutaneous or intra-urethral injection of foreign substances containing long-chain saturated hydrocarbons. These were injected in order to increase the penis size which generated a chronic granulomatous inflammatory reaction. This is a rare practice in the western world., Methods: We present the case of a 32-year-old Bulgarian male who presented with a two-year history of elastic, slightly painful penis swelling after subcutaneous liquid paraffin injection. The proposed treatment was excision of the affected tissue and penile reconstruction in a two-stage procedure., Results: The operative procedure was successful and the patient had good aesthetic and functional results. Paraffin and other materials injected into the penis can produce many complications. Foreign body granuloma, skin necrosis, penile deformity, chronic and unhealed ulcer, painful erection, and the inability to achieve a satisfactory sexual relationship are some of the resulting complications. Intralesional or systemic steroids have been used in primary sclerosing lipogranuloma resulting in the disappearance of the granuloma, but in our opinion the treatment of choice should be radical excision, and, if necessary, secondary reconstruction of the penis., Conclusion: The injection of foreign substances to enhance penis size is currently an unjustifiable practice. However, it is still carried out, especially in Eastern Europe and Asia. In most cases surgical treatment is needed to treat the complications and the best modality seems to be radical excision together with follow-up.
- Published
- 2012
40. Exogenous lipoid pneumonia in children: a disease to be reminded of.
- Author
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Salgado IA, Santos CC, Salgado JV, Ferraz PC, Haidar DM, and Pereira HA
- Subjects
- Constipation drug therapy, Humans, Infant, Male, Mineral Oil therapeutic use, Pneumonia, Lipid therapy, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Treatment Outcome, Mineral Oil adverse effects, Pneumonia, Lipid diagnosis
- Published
- 2012
41. Immediate extended latissimus dorsi flap reconstruction after skin-sparing mastectomy for breast cancer associated with paraffinoma: report of a case.
- Author
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Kim J, Lee J, Chang E, and Suh K
- Subjects
- Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating chemically induced, Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating surgery, Female, Humans, Lymph Node Excision, Middle Aged, Mineral Oil adverse effects, Breast Neoplasms chemically induced, Breast Neoplasms surgery, Mammaplasty adverse effects, Mastectomy, Oils adverse effects, Paraffin adverse effects, Surgical Flaps
- Abstract
Paraffin oil injection into the breast, which had been used for breast augmentation in the past, can cause various complications. Complete removal of paraffinoma lesions with immediate breast reconstruction using autogenous tissue is a very satisfactory treatment option. However, diffuse random distribution of paraffin oil through the subdermal layer makes it impossible to remove all of the lesions with overlying skin without resulting in a shortage of available skin and poor cosmesis. We herein report the case of a patient with breast cancer associated with paraffinoma, treated with skinsparing mastectomy and axillary node dissection with immediate extended latissimus dorsi flap reconstruction, resulting in good cosmetic outcome, and showing no complications during the wound-healing process.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Penile sclerosing lipogranulomas and disfigurement from use of "1Super Extenze" among Laotian immigrants.
- Author
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Manny T, Pettus J, Hemal A, Marks M, and Mirzazadeh M
- Subjects
- Adult, Emigrants and Immigrants, Granuloma, Foreign-Body surgery, Humans, Infusions, Subcutaneous, Laos, Male, Men's Health, Middle Aged, Penis pathology, Penis surgery, Plastic Surgery Procedures, Sclerosis surgery, Granuloma, Foreign-Body pathology, Mineral Oil adverse effects, Penis injuries, Sclerosis pathology, Silica Gel adverse effects
- Abstract
Introduction: Subcutaneous penile injection of various oils for penile augmentation has been described among men in Laos. We have now treated three Laotian immigrants with penile disfigurement secondary to sclerosing lipogranulomas, also known as paraffinoma, induced by injection of a mineral oil compound marketed as "1Super Extenze," which they purchased in the United States., Aim: This series describes the clinical course and management of complications associated with the use of "1Super Extenze" in three Laotian men., Methods: Surgeons excised all grossly affected tissue and performed reconstruction using skin grafting, Z-plasty, and tissue advancement, respectively. Tissue from the penile shaft of each patient and a local lymph node in one patient was examined microscopically. Mass spectroscopy was performed on an aliquot of "1Super Extenze.", Main Outcome Measures: Urinary function, sexual function, and cosmesis of the three reported cases, chemical composition of "1Super Extenze," and microscopic analysis of penile and regional lymphatic tissue., Results: Short-term cosmetic and functional outcomes were acceptable after surgical intervention. Histologic findings consistent with sclerosing lipogranulomas were seen in specimens from affected subcutaneous and lymphatic tissue. "1Super Extenze" proved to be composed of mineral oil with tocopherol acetate (vitamin E)., Conclusion: Injection of "1Super Extenze" into the penile shaft results in sclerosing lipogranulomas, which can cause severe sexual and urinary complications. Surgical resection of all grossly involved tissue with appropriate reconstruction can mitigate these problems. This series supports previous recommendations in the literature that men should avoid the use of non-medical foreign bodies and fillers as means of penile augmentation., (© 2010 International Society for Sexual Medicine.)
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Evidence for cosmetics as a source of mineral oil contamination in women.
- Author
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Concin N, Hofstetter G, Plattner B, Tomovski C, Fiselier K, Gerritzen K, Semsroth S, Zeimet AG, Marth C, Siegl H, Rieger K, Ulmer H, Concin H, and Grob K
- Subjects
- Adult, Age Distribution, Austria, Body Mass Index, Cesarean Section, Cosmetics adverse effects, Environmental Exposure analysis, Female, Humans, Lactation, Linear Models, Middle Aged, Mineral Oil adverse effects, Pregnancy, Risk Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, Young Adult, Cosmetics pharmacokinetics, Milk, Human chemistry, Mineral Oil pharmacokinetics, Subcutaneous Fat chemistry
- Abstract
Background: There is strong evidence that mineral oil hydrocarbons are the greatest contaminant of the human body, amounting to approximately 1 g per person. Possible routes of contamination include air inhalation, food intake, and dermal absorption. The present study aims to identify the most relevant sources of mineral oil contamination., Methods: One hundred forty-two women undergoing elective cesarean section were enrolled. A specimen of subcutaneous fat was removed prior to wound closure. On days 4 and 20 postpartum, milk samples were collected from the women. Fat and milk samples were analyzed for mineral oil saturated hydrocarbons (MOSH). All women completed a questionnaire on personal data, nutrition habits, and use of cosmetics. MOSH concentrations in fat tissue were compared with data from the questionnaire and with MOSH concentrations in corresponding milk samples., Results: The predominant predictor for MOSH contamination of fat tissue was age (p<0.001). Furthermore, body mass index (p=0.001), country of main residence (p=0.03), number of previous childbirths (p=0.029), use of sun creams in the present pregnancy (p=0.002), and use of hand creams and lipsticks in daily life (p=0.011 and p=0.007, respectively) were significant independent determinants. No association was found with nutritional habits. A strong correlation was seen between MOSH concentration in fat tissue (median 52.5 mg/kg) and in the corresponding milk fat sample from day 4 (median 30 mg/kg) (p<0.001) and day 20 (median 10 mg/kg) (p=0.028)., Conclusions: The increase in MOSH concentration in human fat tissue with age suggests an accumulation over time. Cosmetics might be a relevant source of the contamination.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Penile paraffinoma developing during treatment with pegylated interferon alfa-2a for chronic hepatitis C virus infection.
- Author
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Bachmeyer C, Moguelet P, Gombeaud T, Sbidian E, and Aractingi S
- Subjects
- Adult, Amoxicillin therapeutic use, Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use, Antiviral Agents therapeutic use, Clavulanic Acid therapeutic use, Drug Therapy, Combination, Granuloma, Foreign-Body diagnosis, Humans, Interferon-alpha therapeutic use, Male, Penile Diseases diagnosis, Polyethylene Glycols therapeutic use, Recombinant Proteins adverse effects, Recombinant Proteins therapeutic use, Ribavirin therapeutic use, Antiviral Agents adverse effects, Hepatitis C, Chronic drug therapy, Interferon-alpha adverse effects, Mineral Oil adverse effects, Penile Diseases chemically induced, Polyethylene Glycols adverse effects
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Peritoneal oleogranulomatosis after laparoscopic gastric banding.
- Author
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He C, Shen S, Sharard A, and Gan P
- Subjects
- Diagnosis, Differential, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Gastroplasty methods, Granuloma, Foreign-Body diagnosis, Humans, Injections, Intraperitoneal adverse effects, Laparoscopy adverse effects, Middle Aged, Mineral Oil administration & dosage, Postoperative Complications, Tissue Adhesions prevention & control, Gastroplasty adverse effects, Granuloma, Foreign-Body etiology, Laparoscopy methods, Mineral Oil adverse effects, Obesity, Morbid surgery, Peritoneum
- Abstract
Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding is one of the most frequently performed bariatric operations worldwide owing to its low incidence of iatrogenic complications. Peritoneal oleogranulomatosis, a sequelae of mineral oil contact with tissues, has not been reported in the context of bariatric surgery. We present the case of a 52-year-old woman with an incidental finding of peritoneal oleogranulomatosis at laparoscopic cholecystectomy, who had previously undergone laparoscopic gastric banding. A potential mechanism linking the two is postulated and the importance of histological diagnosis highlighted, given the macroscopic resemblance to carcinomatosis peritonei.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Successful treatment of lipoid pneumonia associated with bowel obstruction by Ascaris lumbricoides.
- Author
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Azevedo Sias S, Oliveira Caetano R, Dutra Comarella J, de Oliveira E, Santos Ferreira A, and Quirico-Santos T
- Subjects
- Ascariasis diagnosis, Ascariasis drug therapy, Child, Preschool, Emollients administration & dosage, Female, Humans, Intestinal Obstruction diagnosis, Intestinal Obstruction drug therapy, Intestine, Small diagnostic imaging, Mineral Oil administration & dosage, Pneumonia, Lipid diagnosis, Pneumonia, Lipid therapy, Prospective Studies, Radiography, Treatment Outcome, Ascariasis complications, Bronchoalveolar Lavage methods, Emollients adverse effects, Intestinal Obstruction parasitology, Mineral Oil adverse effects, Pneumonia, Lipid chemically induced
- Abstract
Partial bowel obstruction is a serious complication of ascariasis infestation generally treated with mineral oil. This prospective study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of multiple bronchoalveolar lavages (BAL) as a therapeutic strategy for reducing lung inflammation of lipoid pneumonia associated with ascariasis. The study included five children (mean age 25 months) with partial small-bowel obstruction by Ascaris lumbricoides, who underwent diagnostic bronchoalveolar lavage for assessment of refractory pneumonia. Routine biochemical, microbiological and cytological analysis were carried out in the BAL. Protein, lactate dehydrogenase and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) cytokine levels were determined in the serum before and after treatment. At admission, children consistently had respiratory symptoms, altered hematological function, increased immunoglobulin E serum level and peripheral blood eosinophilia. Chest tomography showed consolidation with air bronchogram (4/4), ground-glass infiltration (3/4) and decreased attenuation in the consolidation areas (2/4). Presence of marked pleocytosis with Sudan positive foamy alveolar macrophages, high protein and lactate dehydrogenase levels in the BAL indicated presence of mixed alveolitis. One child with extensive consolidation and air bronchogram in both lungs died before treatment. Multiple bronchoalveolar lavages efficiently removed alveolar oil deposits, restored BAL cellularity, improved clinical symptoms, radiological parameters and further reduced inflammatory reaction evidenced by marked decrease of the inflammatory cytokine, TNF-α. This study presents a therapeutic strategy for management of lung complications caused by mineral oil administration to treat intestinal bowel obstruction associated with ascariasis.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. A bilateral comparison study of pimecrolimus cream 1% and a topical medical device cream in the treatment of patients with atopic dermatitis.
- Author
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Emer JJ, Frankel A, Sohn A, and Lebwohl M
- Subjects
- Administration, Cutaneous, Administration, Topical, Adolescent, Adult, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal adverse effects, Cetomacrogol adverse effects, Dermatologic Agents adverse effects, Drug Combinations, Fatty Alcohols adverse effects, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Mineral Oil adverse effects, Petrolatum adverse effects, Single-Blind Method, Tacrolimus adverse effects, Tacrolimus therapeutic use, Treatment Outcome, Young Adult, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal therapeutic use, Cetomacrogol pharmacology, Dermatitis, Atopic drug therapy, Dermatologic Agents therapeutic use, Fatty Alcohols pharmacology, Mineral Oil pharmacology, Petrolatum pharmacology, Tacrolimus analogs & derivatives
- Abstract
Corticosteroids are the mainstay of therapy for atopic dermatitis, but long-term use is associated with adverse effects. We sought to evaluate the clinical efficacy of two steroid-sparing creams for atopic dermatitis. Twenty patients were enrolled in an investigator-blinded, bilateral comparison study. Patients applied pimecrolimus cream twice daily to a target lesion on one side of the body and also applied a topical medical device cream three times daily on a symmetrical target lesion on the opposite side of the body for four weeks. Clinical assessments including Physician Global Assessment (PGA), Target Lesion Symptom Score (TLSS), subject self-assessment and digital photography were performed at the baseline, 2 week, and 4 week visits. Seventy-five percent of patients (pimecrolimus, 15 of 20; topical medical device, 15 of 20) were rated "clear" (0) or "almost clear" (1) by PGA for both medications after four weeks. Percent improvement of the PGA from randomization for pimecrolimus cream and the topical medical device cream were 72.50 and 71.67 respectively (P=0.9283). PGA scores decreased significantly from baseline for both treatments (P=0.004). Overall, there was no statistically significant difference between treatment groups for PGA scores throughout the study (P=0.8236). No cutaneous side effects were noted. Our study was limited by a small sample size and lack of double-blinding; however, both treatments were found to be safe and effective in treating atopic dermatitis over four weeks. Significant improvements were noted for all efficacy variables. In conclusion, a lipid-rich, non-steroidal, topical medical device cream was as effective in improving atopic dermatitis as pimecrolimus cream.
- Published
- 2011
48. [Occupational lipid pneumonia induced by cutting fluids exposition].
- Author
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Szabo-Gay O, Benoit N, Doutrellot-Philippon C, Le Meunier F, Sevestre H, and Jounieaux V
- Subjects
- Aerosols, Biopsy, Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid, Humans, Hypoxia etiology, Inclusion Bodies chemistry, Industrial Oils analysis, Macrophages chemistry, Macrophages pathology, Male, Metals, Middle Aged, Mineral Oil adverse effects, Mineral Oil analysis, Pneumoconiosis complications, Pneumonia, Lipid complications, Pneumonia, Lipid diagnosis, Pneumonia, Lipid pathology, Sleep Apnea, Obstructive complications, Smoking adverse effects, Thoracoscopy, Air Pollutants, Occupational adverse effects, Industrial Oils adverse effects, Occupational Diseases chemically induced, Pneumonia, Lipid chemically induced
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. [Observation of penile head oleoma migration into the scrotum].
- Author
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Belianskiĭ LS, Kosiukhno SV, Goman AV, and Asharenkov OV
- Subjects
- Foreign-Body Migration etiology, Granuloma, Foreign-Body etiology, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Mineral Oil administration & dosage, Mineral Oil adverse effects, Penile Diseases etiology, Treatment Outcome, Urologic Surgical Procedures, Male methods, Foreign-Body Migration surgery, Granuloma, Foreign-Body surgery, Penile Diseases surgery, Scrotum surgery
- Published
- 2011
50. Olive versus mineral oil.
- Author
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Carpenter P and Richards K
- Subjects
- Community Health Nursing education, Evidence-Based Practice, Fatty Acids, Nonesterified analysis, Humans, Infant, Massage adverse effects, Mineral Oil adverse effects, Mineral Oil analysis, Oleic Acid analysis, Olive Oil, Plant Oils adverse effects, Plant Oils analysis, Safety, Skin Care adverse effects, Triglycerides analysis, Infant Care methods, Massage methods, Mineral Oil administration & dosage, Plant Oils administration & dosage, Skin Care methods
- Published
- 2011
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