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4 results on '"Ming-Lu Yuan"'

1. Levodopa/benserazide microsphere (LBM) prevents L-dopa induced dyskinesia by inactivation of the DR1/PKA/P-tau pathway in 6-OHDA-lesioned Parkinson's rats

Author

Wen Wen Wang, Zhenguo Liu, Jun Yi Che, Wei En Yuan, Ming Lu Yuan, Jing Gan, Su Fang Zhang, Cheng Long Xie, and Lu Song

Subjects
Levodopa, Blotting, Western, Dopamine Agents, Fluorescent Antibody Technique, tau Proteins, Pharmacology, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Article, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Benserazide, Adrenergic Agents, Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer, medicine, Animals, Lactic Acid, RNA, Messenger, Oxidopamine, Neurons, Messenger RNA, Multidisciplinary, Dyskinesias, business.industry, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Dopaminergic, Parkinson Disease, Phosphoproteins, Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases, Corpus Striatum, Microspheres, Rats, Blot, Drug Combinations, Dyskinesia, Dopamine receptor, Female, Signal transduction, medicine.symptom, business, Polyglycolic Acid, medicine.drug, Transcription Factors
Abstract

L-3, 4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-dopa) is the gold standard for symptomatic treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD), but long-term therapy is associated with the emergence of L-dopa-induced dyskinesia (LID). In the present study, L-dopa and benserazide were loaded by poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) microspheres (LBM), which can release levodopa and benserazide in a sustained manner in order to continuous stimulate dopaminergic receptors. We investigated the role of striatal DR1/PKA/P-tau signal transduction in the molecular event underlying LID in the 6-OHDA-lesioned rat model of PD. We found that animals rendered dyskinetic by L-dopa treatment, administration of LBM prevented the severity of AIM score, as well as improvement in motor function. Moreover, we also showed L-dopa elicits profound alterations in the activity of three LID molecular markers, namely DR1/PKA/P-tau (ser396). These modifications are totally prevented by LBM treatment, a similar way to achieve continuous dopaminergic delivery (CDD). In conclusion, our experiments provided evidence that intermittent administration of L-dopa, but not continuous delivery, and DR1/PKA/p-tau (ser396) activation played a critical role in the molecular and behavioural induction of LID in 6-OHDA-lesioned rats. In addition, LBM treatment prevented the development of LID by inhibiting the expression of DR1/PKA/p-tau, as well as PPEB mRNA in dyskintic rats.

Published
2014

2. A novel topical nano-propranolol for treatment of infantile hemangiomas

Author

Ming Lu Yuan, Zheng Gang Chen, Wei En Yuan, Jia Wei Zheng, and Ling Zhang

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Skin Neoplasms, medicine.drug_class, Administration, Topical, Adrenergic beta-Antagonists, Biomedical Engineering, Pharmaceutical Science, Medicine (miscellaneous), Bioengineering, Propranolol, FAVORABLE RESPONSE, Application site, Infantile hemangioma, medicine, Humans, General Materials Science, Beta blocker, Retrospective Studies, Skin, business.industry, technology, industry, and agriculture, Infant, Mean age, Hydrogels, Surgery, Nanostructures, Tolerability, Anesthesia, Molecular Medicine, Itching, Female, medicine.symptom, Pharmaceutical Vehicles, business, Hemangioma, medicine.drug
Abstract

Topical propranolol has been used for the therapy of superficial infantile hemangiomas (IH). A retrospective investigation was conducted in 50 patients to evaluate the clinical effect of a new type of topical nano-propranolol-dispersed hydrogel. Participants were treated 3 times per day for 2 weeks to 11 months. 68% of patients were female and 12% had received other treatments before therapy. The nano-propranolol 0.5% hydrogel was initiated at a mean age of 5.010 months and for a mean duration of 3.610 months. The response rate was 86%. No recurrence and rebound growth occurred after withdrawal of hydrogel. Slight side effects (application site itching, erosion and crusting) were observed in only 2 cases. All the local irritations were evaluated as mild and were tolerated without discontinuing the medication. We suggest that topical nano-propranolol hydrogel could be an alternative option for the treatment of uncomplicated superficial IH with satisfactory tolerability and optimal effectiveness. From the Clinical Editor The current recommended treatment for infantile hemangiomas is oral propranolol. Nonetheless, a small proportion of patients will have systemic side effects. In this article, the authors developed topical nano-propranolol hydrogel and tested this on clinical patients and found favorable response.

Published
2014

3. Levodopa/benserazide microsphere (LBM) prevents L-dopa induced dyskinesia by inactivation of the DR1/ PKA/P-tau pathway in 6-OHDA-lesioned Parkinson's rats.

Author

Cheng-long Xie, Wen-Wen Wang, Su-fang Zhang, Ming-Lu Yuan, Jun-Yi Che, Jing Gan, Lu Song, Wei-En Yuan, and Zhen-Guo Liu

Subjects
DOPA, MICROSPHERES, TARDIVE dyskinesia, PARKINSON'S disease treatment, BIOMARKERS
Abstract

L-3, 4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-dopa) is the gold standard for symptomatic treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD), but long-term therapy is associated with the emergence of L-dopa-induced dyskinesia (LID). In the present study, L-dopa and benserazide were loaded by poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) microspheres (LBM), which can release levodopa and benserazide in a sustained manner in order to continuous stimulate dopaminergic receptors. We investigated the role of striatal DR1/PKA/P-tau signal transduction in the molecular event underlying LID in the 6-OHDA-lesioned rat model of PD. We found that animals rendered dyskinetic by L-dopa treatment, administration of LBM prevented the severity of AIM score, as well as improvement in motor function. Moreover, we also showed L-dopa elicits profound alterations in the activity of three LID molecular markers, namely (ser396). These modifications are totally prevented by LBM treatment, a similar way to achieve continuous dopaminergic delivery (CDD). In conclusion, our experiments provided evidence that intermittent administration of L-dopa, but not continuous delivery, and (ser396) activation played a critical role in the molecular and behavioural induction of LID in 6-OHDA-lesioned rats. In addition, LBM treatment prevented the development of LID by inhibiting the expression of DR1/PKA/p-tau, as well as PPEB mRNA in dyskintic rats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2014
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4. Exotic phases of correlated electrons in two dimensions

Author

Lu, Yuan-Ming (Lu, Yuan-Ming)

Subjects
fractional quantum Hall effect, Majorana fermion, spin liquid, strongly correlated electrons, topological order, vertex algebra
Abstract

Exotic phases and associated phase transitions in low dimensions have been a fascinating frontier and a driving force in modern condensed matter physics since the 80s. Due to strong correlation effect, they are beyond the description of mean-field theory based on a single-particle picture and Landau's symmetry-breaking theory of phase transitions. These new phases of matter require new physical quantities to characterize them and new languages to describe them. This thesis is devoted to the study on exotic phases of correlated electrons in two spatial dimensions. We present the following efforts in understanding two-dimensional exotic phases: (1) Using Zn vertex algebra, we give a complete classification and characterization of different one-component fractional quantum Hall (FQH) states, including their ground state properties and quasiparticles. (2) In terms of a non-unitary transformation, we obtain the exact form of statistical interactions between composite fermions in the lowest Landau level (LLL) with v=1/(2m), m=1,2... By studying the pairing instability of composite fermions we theoretically explains recently observed FQHE in LLL with v=1/2,1/4. (3) We classify different Z2 spin liquids (SLs) on kagome lattice in Schwinger-fermion representation using projective symmetry group (PSG). We propose one most promising candidate for the numerically discovered SL state in nearest-neighbor Heisenberg model on kagome lattice}. (4) By analyzing different Z2 spin liquids on honeycomb lattice within PSG classification, we find out the nature of the gapped SL phase in honeycomb lattice Hubbard model, labeled sublattice pairing state (SPS) in Schwinger-fermion representation. We also identify the neighboring magnetic phase of SPS as a chiral-antiferromagnetic (CAF) phase and analyze the continuous phase transition between SPS and CAF phase. For the first time we identify a SL called 0-flux state in Schwinger-boson representation with one (SPS) in Schwinger-fermion representation by a duality transformation. (5) We show that when certain non-collinear magnetic order coexists in a singlet nodal superconductor, there will be Majorana bound states in vortex cores/on the edges of the superconductor. This proposal opens a window for discovering Majorana fermions in strongly correlated electrons. (6) Motivated by recent numerical discovery of fractionalized phases in topological flat bands, we construct wavefunctions for spin-polarized fractional Chern insulators (FCI) and time reversal symmetric fractional topological insulators (FTI) by parton approach. We show that lattice symmetries give rise to different FCI/FTI states even with the same filling fraction. For the first time we construct FTI wavefunctions in the absence of spin conservation which preserve all lattice symmetries. The constructed wavefunctions also set up the framework for future variational Monte Carlo simulations.

Published
2011

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