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Text summarization is a prominent task in natural language processing (NLP) that condenses lengthy texts into concise summaries. Despite the success of existing supervised models, they often rely on datasets of well-constructed text pairs, which can be insufficient for languages with limited annotated data, such as Chinese. To address this issue, we propose a semi-supervised learning method for text summarization. Our method is inspired by the cycle-consistent adversarial network (CycleGAN) and considers text summarization as a style transfer task. The model is trained by using a similar procedure and loss function to those of CycleGAN and learns to transfer the style of a document to its summary and vice versa. Our method can be applied to multiple languages, but this paper focuses on its performance on Chinese documents. We trained a T5-based model and evaluated it on two datasets, CSL and LCSTS, and the results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Transformer language models are today’s most accurate models of language processing in the brain. Here, using fMRI-measured brain responses to 1,000 diverse sentences, we develop a GPT-based encoding model and use this model to identify new sentences that are predicted to drive or suppress responses in the human language network. We demonstrate that these model-selected ‘out-of-distribution’ sentences indeed drive and suppress activity of human language areas in new individuals (86% increase and 98% decrease relative to the average response to diverse naturalistic sentences). A systematic analysis of the model-selected sentences reveals that surprisal and well-formedness of linguistic input are key determinants of response strength in the language network. These results establish the ability of brain-aligned models to noninvasively control neural activity in higher-level cortical areas, like the language network.

Background. Scalp acupuncture is a contemporary acupuncture method based on the fundamental theories of traditional acupuncture, which has been widely used in patients with stroke in China. However, the effectiveness is controversial due to lack of solid experimental evidence. Methods. In this study, a rat model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) was established by the middle cerebral artery occlusion/recirculation. The efficacy of scalp acupuncture against CIRI was evaluated by the mNSS scores, TTC staining for brain slices, and laser Doppler perfusion imaging. Immunohistochemical staining for angiogenetic factors indicated the vascularization after CIRI, including VEGF, Ang2, and bFGF. Activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and p-GSK3β (ser9)/VEGF pathway in the injured brain tissues was assessed by western blotting and qRT-PCR. Results. On the 7, 14, and 21 days after CIRI, scalp acupuncture could reduce the mNSS scores, decrease the cerebral infarction area, and accelerate the recirculation of ischemic brain tissues. VEGF, FLK1, bFGF, and Ang2 were upregulated on both the mRNA and protein levels in the ischemic brain tissues of the AC group, suggesting that the recirculation might result from angiogenesis, which was also confirmed with the IHC staining in the angiogenetic markers of VEGF, Ang2, and bFGF. Moreover, Wnt3a, β-catenin, and cyclin D1 were also upregulated on both the mRNA and protein levels in the ischemic brain tissues of the AC group on day 7, 14, and 21, indicating that the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway was activated after the treatment of scalp acupuncture. In contrast, dikkoppf-1 (DKK1) pretreatment, a specific inhibitor for the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, inactivated the Wnt3a/β-catenin signaling pathway and exacerbated the infarct size induced by the cerebral IR injury on day 7. Conclusion. Together, our findings demonstrated a mechanism whereby scalp acupuncture led to the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, promoting angiogenetic factor expression and restoring blood perfusion in the ischemic zone.

Genome-wide epigenomic datasets allow us to validate the biological function of motifs and understand the regulatory mechanisms more comprehensively. How different motifs determine whether transcription factors (TFs) can bind to DNA at a specific position is a critical research question. In this project, we apply computational techniques that were used in Natural Language Processing (NLP) to predict the Transcription Factor Bound Regions (TFBRs) given motif instances. Most existing motif prediction methods using deep neural network apply base sequences with one-hot encoding as an input feature to realize TFBRs identification, contributing to low-resolution and indirect binding mechanisms. However, how the collective effect of motifs on binding sites is complicated to figure out. In our pipeline, we apply Word2Vec algorithm, with names of motifs as an input to predict TFBRs utilizing Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to realize binary classification, based on the ENCODE dataset. In this regard, we consider different types of motifs as separate “words”, and their corresponding TFBR as the meanings of “sentences”. One “sentence” itself is merely the combination of these motifs, and all “sentences” compose of the whole “passage”. For each binding site, we do the binary classification within different cell types to show the performance of our model in different binding sites and cell types. Each “word” has a corresponding vector in high dimensions, and the distances between each vector can be figured out, so we can extract the similarity between each motif, and the explicit binding mechanism from our model. We apply Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to extract features in the process of mapping and pooling from motif vectors extracted by Word2Vec Algorithm and gain the result of 87% accuracy at the peak.

Objective. L-3-n-Butylphthalide (NBP) is used to treat moderate and severe acute ischemia stroke. A previous screening study indicates that XY03-EA, a novel derivative of NBP, is more potent than NBP in the oxyradical scavenging capacity. In this study, in vivo and in vitro ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) models were used to test whether the XY03-EA offered therapeutic benefits in the ischemic stroke and explore the underlying mechanism of action. Methods. For this purpose, behavioral scores, cerebral infarct volume, cerebral blood flow, oxidative stress levels, inflammatory factor expression, energy metabolism levels, and autophagy activation were estimated in the rat middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion (MCAO/R) model. The nonhuman primate MCAO/R model was conducted to validate the therapeutic effect of XY03-EA applied for 3 weeks. The neurological deficit score (NDS) progression rate and the infarct volume were continuously recorded on days 3, 7, 14, and 21. The PC-12 cell OGD/R model was used to assess the cell survival rate, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, the expression of autophagy execution molecules, and the activation of autophagy-related signaling pathways. Results. XY03-EA decreased the cerebral injuries and NDS by increasing cerebral blood flow, improving brain energy metabolism, accelerating ROS clearance, suppressing inflammatory responses, and inhibiting autophagy in the MCAO/R model rats. In the nonhuman primate MCAO/R model, the treatment of XY03-EA for 3 weeks could significantly inhibit the NDS progression rate and indicate a positive trend to reduce the infarct volume in a dose-dependent way. Mechanistically, XY03-EA inhibited ROS-dependent autophagy activation and thereby protected the PC-12 cells from the autophagic cell death induced by OGD/R. Conclusions. In this study, we found that XY03-EA alleviated the cerebral I/R injuries in rats and nonhuman primates. Our results demonstrated that XY03-EA exerted neuroprotective effects against the ROS-mediated autophagic neurocyte death and had great potential for the treatment of ischemic stroke.

Background Lianhuaqingke (LHQK) has been approved for the treatment of acute tracheobronchitis and exerts a broad-spectrum antiviral effect in our previous study. Methods Acute pneumonia caused by HCoV-229E was modeled in BALB/c mice. The anti-viral effect of LHQK was assessed by measuring the lung index and virus titer of lung tissues. The expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in lung tissues and peripheral blood were measured by ELISA. The morphological changes of lung tissues were observed by H&E staining. The subsets of Th cells were assayed by the flow cytometry, including Th0, Th1, Th2, Treg, and Th17. The expression level of MUC5AC in 16HBE cells treated with TNFα was measured by ELISA. Immunofluorescence staining for β-IV tubulin was used to identify the airway epithelial ciliary in the condition-cultured RTE cells treated with TNFα. The direct antiviral effect of LHQK was assessed in vitro in Vero E6 infected by SARS-CoV-2, validated in vivo in the COVID-19 model of hACE2 transgenic mouse by detecting the lung index, the SARS-CoV-2 virus load, and the morphological changes of lung tissues. Results LHQK reduced the weight loss and the lung index by inhibiting the HCoV-229E replication and reducing the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in lung tissues. An assay for the Th cell subsets in peripheral blood revealed that LHQK could reduce the ratio of Th1/Th2 and increase the Treg/Th17 ratio in a dose-dependent way, which indicated that LHQK could coordinate the Th-mediated immune responses against the virus. In in vitro injury by TNFα, LHQK inhibited MUC5AC expression in 16HBE cells and increased the number of β-IV tubulin positive staining cells in the condition-cultured RTE cells. In the SARS-CoV-2-infected mice, LHQK could reduce weight loss, inhibit viral replication, and alleviate lung tissue damage. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that LHQK exerts therapeutic effects on pneumonia caused by HCoVs (HCoV-229E and SARS-CoV-2) in mice, and that the anti-HCoV effects might depend on its immunomodulatory capacities. All these results suggest that LHQK serves as a potential adjuvant for anti-HCoV therapies.

A simple and green method to functionalize carbon fiber (CF) with hydroxyl-terminated hyperbranched polymer (HTHBP) synthesized directly through one-pot condensation polycondensation between isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) and tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane (TOAM) was reported. The covalent grafting of HTHBP on the CF surface can greatly increase the polar functional groups, roughness and wettability of CF surface, thereby resulting to significant enhancement of interfacial properties of composites. After grafting, the interlaminar shear strength (ILSS), interfacial shear strength (IFSS) and impact strength of CFs/epoxy composites increased from 58.6 to 81.8 MPa, 48.8 to 87.8 MPa and 55.7 to 76.9 kJ·m−2, respectively. Furthermore, this surface functionalization process could remedy the single fiber tensile strength. The interfacial reinforcing mechanism was also revealed by analyzing interfacial microstructure. This research provided a thought that constructing a continuous gradient modulus interphase layer with strong physicochemical interaction and good wettability by a simple and green method, which could reinforce the interfacial performance and have a bright prospect application in high-performance composite.

Scalp acupuncture is a contemporary acupuncture method based on the fundamental theories of traditional acupuncture, which has been widely used in patients with stroke in China. However, the effectiveness is controversial due to lack of solid experimental evidence.In this study, a rat model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) was established by the middle cerebral artery occlusion/recirculation. The efficacy of scalp acupuncture against CIRI was evaluated by the mNSS scores, TTC staining for brain slices, and laser Doppler perfusion imaging. Immunohistochemical staining for angiogenetic factors indicated the vascularization after CIRI, including VEGF, Ang2, and bFGF. Activation of the Wnt/On the 7, 14, and 21 days after CIRI, scalp acupuncture could reduce the mNSS scores, decrease the cerebral infarction area, and accelerate the recirculation of ischemic brain tissues. VEGF, FLK1, bFGF, and Ang2 were upregulated on both the mRNA and protein levels in the ischemic brain tissues of the AC group, suggesting that the recirculation might result from angiogenesis, which was also confirmed with the IHC staining in the angiogenetic markers of VEGF, Ang2, and bFGF. Moreover, Wnt3a,Together, our findings demonstrated a mechanism whereby scalp acupuncture led to the activation of Wnt/

Objective ：The aim of this study was to determine whether Si-Miao-Yong-An decoction (SMYAD) could protect cardiomyocytes from ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and its underlying mechanisms. Methods: C57BL/6 mice were used to establish a model of myocardial infarction by I/R injury and treated by SMYAD for 4 weeks. Then the cardiac functions of mice were evaluated by Cardiac Magnetic Resonance (CMR). Histopathological analysis for the heart remodeling was detected by H&E and Masson staining. The protein expression of Collagen I, MMP9 , and TNFα was detected by Western blot in the heart tissues. H9C2 cells were used to establish the hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) model and SMYAD intervention. MTT assays detected the cell viability of myocardial cells. The expression level of IL-1β was evaluated by ELISA. The expression levels of LC3B-II/LC3B‑I, p- mTOR, mTOR, NLRP3, pro-Caspase1, and cleaved-Caspase1 in H9C2 cells were evaluated by Western blot. Results : SMYAD improved cardiac functions such as ventricular volume and ejection fraction of the rats with ischemia/reperfusion injury. Morphological assay indicated that SMYAD reduced the scar size and inhibited fibrosis formation. It was found that SMYAD could regulate Collagen I, MMP9, and TNFα protein expression levels in the heart tissues. SMYAD improved the survival rate of cardiomyocytes H92C in the H/R injury model. SMYAD elevated the rate of LC3B-II/LC3B‑I protein expression, decreased the rate of p-mTOR/mTOR protein expression, and reduced expressions of Caspase 1, NLRP3, and IL-1β in H/R cardiomyocytes. Conclusion： SMYAD exerted protective effects on ischemia-reperfusion injury in myocardial cells by activating autophagy and inhibiting pyroptosis. This might be the reason why SMYAD protected myocardial tissue and improved cardiac function in mice with ischemia/reperfusion.

Objective. This study aimed to investigate the mechanistic action and therapeutic effects of Bufei decoction on idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) after inhalation of bleomycin. Methods. Pulmonary fibrosis model in mice was prepared by atomization inhalation of bleomycin. Then, the mice were randomly divided into five groups (control group, model group, positive group, and treatment group) and administrated the drugs for 4 weeks. H&E and Masson’s staining of lung tissues were used to observe the morphological changes and deposition of fibers, and the degree of fibrosis was evaluated by hydroxyproline content. The expression and activation of NF-κB were determined by western blotting and immunohistochemistry. The infiltration of macrophages was detected by immunostaining of CD45 and F4/80 in lung tissues. Results. In mouse IPF, Bufei decoction alleviated the pathological changes and the deposition of fibrosis by decreasing the content of hydroxyproline of lung tissues. The antipulmonary fibrosis might rely on the effects of preventing the infiltration of inflammatory cells and inhibiting the expression and activation of NF-κB in lung tissue. Conclusion. Bufei decoction improved the process of pulmonary fibrosis by regulating the activation and expression of the NF-κB signal transduction pathway, which provided a therapeutic option for IPF patients.

Interface interactions are the important problems in improving the mechanical properties of graphene and polymer composites. In this work, a simple method is proposed to prepare epoxy composites with admirable properties through constructing dendrimers with cyanuric chloride (TCT) and diethylenetriamine (DETA) onto graphene oxide (GO) surface. The FTIR, XRD, XPS, Raman spectroscopy, SEM and TEM were used to confirm the successful grafting of TCT and DETA molecules onto the surface of GO. The interfacial adhesion between GO–TCT–DETA and epoxy resin is enhanced due to the formation of a strong chemical bond between the amino group on the GO surface and the epoxy resins. The tensile and flexural strength of GO–TCT–DETA/epoxy composites have considerable improvement (40.79 and 48.56%) compared with that of epoxy resin due to stronger interfacial interaction. In addition, the strengthening mechanism and dispersion of GO–TCT–DETA in epoxy matrix were also demonstrated.

With the rapid development of computer technology, Internet technology and artificial intelligence technology, the amount of global data has exploded. However, the single-machine serial mode of traditional data mining cannot be directly transplanted to the cloud platform. Only by parallelizing and improving many classic data mining algorithms can the cloud computing platform and data mining be effectively combined. Therefore, it is of great significance to the research and implementation of parallel algorithm technology for time series data mining. The purpose of this paper is to study the research and implementation of parallel algorithm technology for time series data mining. This paper adopts the method of literature data, mathematical statistics, logic analysis and other research methods to study the parallel algorithm technology research and realization of time series data mining, mainly to make useful explorations of time series data mining and visualization technology. It embodies the design ideas of big data analysis tools, and finally reflects the power and market value of data analysis tools through the display of the platform. Research shows that running in the same data set and the same experimental environment, the improved parallel collaborative filtering algorithm ACF in this paper has higher time running efficiency than the parallel algorithm MCF based on the cooccurrence matrix, and in the case of larger data sets, the more obvious the time difference.

The one-step generation of nano-silica (SiO2) on graphene oxide (GO) surface via using diethylenetriamine (DETA) and ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH) base catalysts was respectively designed to improve the dispersion and interfacial interaction between GO and epoxy resin. The structures and morphologies of GO, GO-SiO2(i) and GO-SiO2(ii) sheets were tested by FT-IR, XRD, XPS, TG, SEM and TEM. Epoxy composites containing GO, SiO2, GO-SiO2(i) and GO-SiO2(ii) with 0.1 wt% loadings were prepared and systemically investigated. It was indicated that the GO-SiO2/epoxy composites displayed higher tensile, flexural and impact strength and modulus than that of GO composites. For epoxy composites containing 0.1 wt% GO-SiO2(i) and GO-SiO2(ii), the flexural strength increased by 34.35% and 25.08% compared to that of GO composites, respectively. Furthermore, the reinforcing mechanisms have been also illuminated. This work is expected to offer a potential scale application of high-performance nanocomposites.

The gradient modulus intermediate layer between CF and epoxy by designing double “rigid-flexible” structure using CNTs and polyamide (PA) on the CF surface was firstly established, and the effects of modulus intermediate layer on interfacial and mechanical properties of CF composites were investigated. The constructing of double “rigid-flexible” structure on the CF surface can greatly increase the polar functional groups, roughness and wettability of the CF surface as well as the thickness of intermediate layer, which could balance the modulus of fiber and resin to achieve the best matching. The interfacial shear strength (IFSS), interlaminar shear strength (ILSS), flexural strength, and impact strength of CF composites increased by 75.6%, 44.1%, 41.3%, and 34.6%, respectively. In addition, the interfacial failure behaviors and strengthening mechanisms of composites have been studied. This novel design and method built a multistage gradient modulus intermediate layer of composite with strong physicochemical interaction and good wettability, which has greatly potential for high-performance composite.

Mixture of styrene and initiator polymerized in situ in three-dimensional graphene oxide (GO)/carbon nanotube (CNT) aerogel (GOCA) obtained via modified Hummers' method and freeze-drying method to form GOCA/polystyrene (GOCA/PS) nanocomposites. After heating processing, the prepared GOCA/PS nanocomposite sheets exhibited excellent mechanical properties. Results revealed that GOCA was well dispersed and embedded into the PS matrix. When the mass ratio of GO to CNT was 7:3 and the total loading of GOCA was 1.02 wt%, tensile, flexural, compressive, and impact strengths were greatly improved (increased by 64.05%, 54.7%, 107.38%, and 66.5%, respectively, compared with neat PS). Meanwhile, the prepared GOCA/PS nanocomposites presented great microhardness of ~265 MPa and compressive modulus of ~689 MPa. We believe that these effective methods may provide good idea for designing and investigating reinforced composites.

A facile and rapid come close to the manufacture of advanced epoxy nanocomposites by grafting of nano-silicon dioxide (nano-SiO2) onto the graphene oxide (GO) through thiol-ene click reaction was reported. The correlations between surface modification, morphology, dispersion/exfoliation, interfacial interaction of sheets and the corresponding mechanical properties of the composites were methodically explored. It appeared that nano-SiO2 have been grafted onto GO via covalent bonding successfully, which effectively improved the interface compatibility and dispersion in epoxy matrix. The reinforcing mechanisms has been also elaborated. It is demonstrated that the tensile strength and elastic modulus for filler with 0.1 wt% GO-SiO2/epoxy composites increased by 32.18% and 22.86% compared to neat epoxy, respectively. It is believed that the simplistic and effectual method may provide a novel and promising strengthen design strategy for next‐generation advanced nanocomposite structures.

Ag-doped Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Ag-Fe3O4) was successfully synthesized by the hydrothermal method and performed a simple chemical reaction process in a significantly shorter time than traditional solvothermal method. Furthermore, Ag-Fe3O4 electrochemical sensor was prepared using chitosan and acetic acid as crosslinkers, and the electrochemical behavior of methomyl on the electrode was studied by cyclic voltammetry. Experimental results showed that the electrode had faster response, higher detection sensitivity and better stability for methomyl. Under optimal conditions, the linear current response was achieved in the concentration range of 2.97×10-5 mol·L-1～3.47×10-4 mol·L-1, with the detection limit of 2.08×10-5 mol·L-1. The methomyl in different vegetable samples was detected, and its recovery rate was between 90%～98%.

Locality-constrained Linear Coding (LLC) shows superior image classification performance due to its underlying properties of local smooth sparsity and good construction. It encodes the visual features in remote sensing images and realizes the process of modeling human visual perception of an image through a computer. However, it ignores the consideration of saliency preprocessing in the human visual system. Saliency detection preprocessing can effectively enhance a computer&rsquo, s perception of remote sensing images. To better implement the task of remote sensing image scene classification, this paper proposes a new approach by combining saliency detection preprocessing and LLC. This saliency detection preprocessing approach is realized using spatial pyramid Gaussian kernel density estimation. Experiments show that the proposed method achieved a better performance for remote sensing scene classification tasks.

Enterprise brand image and product image likes twins in market competition. The enterprise brand image acts as a guide for product image and the product image as a support for the enterprise brand image, that is, they coordinately develop and influence each other. The enterprise can survive in the fierce competition only by giving consideration to both of them, placing equal emphasis on both of them with neither aspects neglected.