Search

Objectives The authors of this study aimed to evaluate the effects of photon-induced photoacoustic streaming (PIPS) on antibacterial activity, residual pulp removal and postoperative pain in teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis during root canal treatment (RCT). Materials and Methods In this superiority randomized clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.gov ID: ChiCTR2000037446), sixty patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis in need of RCT were selected. After preparation, they were randomly assigned into two groups according to final irrigation protocol: conventional needle irrigation (CNI) or PIPS. Bacterial suspensions in root canals were assessed using an Adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) assay kit. The effect of root canal irrigation on residual pulp removal was evaluated by NaOCl-induced bubble formation. Patients were asked to register their pain intensity in the visual analogue scale (VAS) document after 1-day and 7-day intervals. Results Compared to CNI group, PIPS irrigation showed a greater antibacterial efficacy than the CNI group (P = 0.046). And the PIPS irrigation significantly reduced the NaOCl-induced bubble count(PP = 0.004). NaOCl-induced bubble count showed statistically correlated to the maximum postoperative pain on Day 1 (PP = 0.684). Conclusions Irrigation with 1% NaOCl delivered with PIPS could decrease bacterial levels, enhance root canal cleaning effect and lessen postoperative pain after root canal preparation. Clinical Relevance The PIPS is a safe and effective final irrigation protocol for teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis during RCT.

Ivosidenib (AG-120) is an unlisted, but estimated to be valid, oral inhibitor for isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) in the phase Ⅰ study of IDH1-mutated acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. This paper presents the investigation and validation of a rapid, effective, qualitative and quantitative determination method of ivosidenib in rat plasma by ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). The samples were treated using acetonitrile precipitation to remove protein influence. Then, the supernatant was extracted to analyze plasma concentration traits. In the UPLC system, acetonitrile and water containing 0.1% formic acid were selected as a cosolvent mobile phase, applying a gradient elution to isolate compounds in a C18 column. Mass detections were performed on a triple quadruple mass spectrometer in positive ion mode. Electroshock characteristic fragment ionization was used for m/z 583.95→214.53 for ivosidenib for quantitative determination, m/z 583.95→186.6 for qualitative determination, and m/z 492.06→354.55 for IS. The selectivity, linearity, stability, accuracy and precision were verified by reaching the guideline criteria from European Medicine Agency (EMA) and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The calibration curve was linear over the concentration range of 2–2,000 ng mL−1 for ivosidenib in rat plasma with a lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) of at least 2 ng mL−1. Additionally, there was no distinct matrix effect or carry-over phenomenon. The method was successfully established and applied to separate ivosidenib from plasma, with the entire analytical process being performed within 3 min for each sample, which shows high-efficiency and convenience for further studies of ivosidenib.

Bismuth oxide is as an active promoter in enhancing the ionic conductivity and electrocatalytic activity of manganite oxygen electrodes of solid oxide cells, but there are very limited reports on the formation and evolution of electrode/electrolyte interface of bismuth oxide-manganite composite electrode under the influence of electrochemical polarization. Herein, we report the effect of electrochemical polarization and direction of polarization current on the electrocatalytic performance and electrode/electrolyte interface of a (La0·8Sr0.2)0.95Mn0·95Pt0·05O3+δ-Er0.4Bi1·6O3 (LSMPt-ESB) composite oxygen electrode assembled on zirconia electrolyte. The cell with the LSMPt-ESB electrode produces outstanding performance for power generation and steam splitting, and it is stable without noticeable degradation during operation at 600 °C for 350 h in the fuel cell mode. The cathodic polarization induces in operando formation of electrode/electrolyte interface with observation of an Er-deficient LSMPt-ESB dense layer and Er-rich (Er,Bi,Mn)Ox particles on the zirconia electrolyte surface. This is different to the case of dwell under open circuit and in particular under anodic polarization conditions. The present study gains insights into the development of high performance, reliable bismuth oxide-manganite composite oxygen electrode for reduced temperature solid oxide cells.

La0.6Sr0.2Co0.2Fe0.8O3-δ (LSCF) is the most intensively investigated high performance cathode for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells (IT-SOFCs), but strontium segregation and migration at the electrode/electrolyte interface is a critical issue limiting the electrocatalytic activity and stability of LSCF based cathodes. Herein, we report a Nb and Pd co-doped LSCF (La0.57Sr0.38Co0.19Fe0.665Nb0.095Pd0.05O3-δ, LSCFNPd) perovskite as stable and active cathode on a barrier-layer-free anode-supported yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) electrolyte cell using direct assembly method without pre-sintering at high temperatures. The cell exhibits a peak power density of 1.3 W cm−2 at 750 °C and excellent stability with no degradation during polarization at 500 mA cm−2 and 750 °C for 175 h. Microscopic and spectroscopic analysis show that the electrochemical polarization promotes the formation of electrode/electrolyte interface in operando and exsolution of Pd/PdO nanoparticles. The Nb doping in the B-site of LSCF significantly reduces the Sr surface segregation, enhancing the stability of the cathode, while the exsoluted Pd/PdO nanoparticles increases the electrocatalytic activity for the oxygen reduction reaction. The present study opens up a new route for the development of cobaltite-based perovskite cathodes with high activity and stability for barrier-layer-free YSZ electrolyte based IT-SOFCs.

The high reactivity between bismuth oxide and cobaltite oxygen electrodes is a bottleneck in developing active and reliable bismuth oxide–cobaltite composite oxygen electrodes for solid oxide cells (SOCs). Herein, a Sr-free Sm0.95Co0.95Pd0.05O3−δ (SmCPd) oxygen electrode decorated with nanoscale Er0.4Bi1.6O3 (ESB) is synthesized and assembled on a barrier-layer-free Y2O3–ZrO2 (YSZ) electrolyte film. The cell with the ESB decorated SmCPd composite oxygen electrode exhibits a peak power density of 1.81 W cm−2 at 750 °C and 0.58 W cm−2 at 650 °C. More importantly, excellent operating stability is achieved in the fuel cell mode at 600 °C for 500 h, and in electrolysis and reversible modes at 750 °C for over 200 h. The results demonstrate the feasibility of applying bismuth oxide–cobaltite composite oxygen electrodes in developing high-performance and durable SOCs.

In this work, a sensitive and selective UPLC-MS/MS method for determination of ardisiacrispin A in rat plasma was developed. Cyasterone used as an internal standard (IS) and protein precipitation by acetonitrile-methanol (9:1, v/v) was used to prepare samples. Chromatographic separation was achieved on a UPLC BEH C

In this work, a sensitive and selective UPLC-MS/MS method for determination of ardisiacrispin A in rat plasma was developed. Cyasterone used as an internal standard (IS) and protein precipitation by acetonitrile-methanol (9:1, v/v) was used to prepare samples. Chromatographic separation was achieved on a UPLC BEH C18 column (2.1 × 100 mm, 1.7 μm) with 0.1% formic acid and acetonitrile as the mobile phase with gradient elution. An electrospray ionization source was applied and operated in positive ion mode; multiple reaction monitoring mode was used for quantification using target fragment ions m/z 1083.5 → 407.1 for ardisiacrispin A and m/z 521.3 → 485.2 for IS. Calibration plots were linear throughout the range 5-2000 ng/mL for ardisiacrispin A in rat plasma. Mean recoveries of ardisiacrispin A in rat plasma ranged from 80.4 to 92.6%. The values of RSD of intra- and inter-day precision were both