49 results on '"Minunno, Francesco"'
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2. Role of land cover in Finland’s greenhouse gas emissions
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Holmberg, Maria, Junttila, Virpi, Schulz, Torsti, Grönroos, Juha, Paunu, Ville-Veikko, Savolahti, Mikko, Minunno, Francesco, Ojanen, Paavo, Akujärvi, Anu, Karvosenoja, Niko, Kortelainen, Pirkko, Mäkelä, Annikki, Peltoniemi, Mikko, Petäjä, Jouko, Vanhala, Pekka, and Forsius, Martin
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- 2023
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3. Role of data uncertainty when identifying important areas for biodiversity and carbon in boreal forests
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Kujala, Heini, Minunno, Francesco, Junttila, Virpi, Mikkonen, Ninni, Mäkelä, Annikki, Virkkala, Raimo, Akujärvi, Anu, Leikola, Niko, and Heikkinen, Risto K.
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- 2023
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4. Quantification of forest carbon flux and stock uncertainties under climate change and their use in regionally explicit decision making: Case study in Finland
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Junttila, Virpi, Minunno, Francesco, Peltoniemi, Mikko, Forsius, Martin, Akujärvi, Anu, Ojanen, Paavo, and Mäkelä, Annikki
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- 2023
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5. Modelling the regional potential for reaching carbon neutrality in Finland: Sustainable forestry, energy use and biodiversity protection
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Forsius, Martin, Holmberg, Maria, Junttila, Virpi, Kujala, Heini, Schulz, Torsti, Paunu, Ville-Veikko, Savolahti, Mikko, Minunno, Francesco, Akujärvi, Anu, Bäck, Jaana, Grönroos, Juha, Heikkinen, Risto K., Karvosenoja, Niko, Mäkelä, Annikki, Mikkonen, Ninni, Pekkonen, Minna, Rankinen, Katri, and Virkkala, Raimo
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- 2023
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6. Effect of forest management choices on carbon sequestration and biodiversity at national scale
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Mäkelä, Annikki, Minunno, Francesco, Kujala, Heini, Kosenius, Anna-Kaisa, Heikkinen, Risto K., Junttila, Virpi, Peltoniemi, Mikko, and Forsius, Martin
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- 2023
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7. Correction to: Quantification of forest carbon flux and stock uncertainties under climate change and their use in regionally explicit decision making: Case study in Finland
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Junttila, Virpi, Minunno, Francesco, Peltoniemi, Mikko, Forsius, Martin, Akujärvi, Anu, Ojanen, Paavo, and Mäkelä, Annikki
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- 2023
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8. Sources and sinks of greenhouse gases in the landscape: Approach for spatially explicit estimates
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Holmberg, Maria, Akujärvi, Anu, Anttila, Saku, Autio, Iida, Haakana, Markus, Junttila, Virpi, Karvosenoja, Niko, Kortelainen, Pirkko, Mäkelä, Annikki, Minkkinen, Kari, Minunno, Francesco, Rankinen, Katri, Ojanen, Paavo, Paunu, Ville-Veikko, Peltoniemi, Mikko, Rasilo, Terhi, Sallantaus, Tapani, Savolahti, Mikko, Tuominen, Sakari, Tuominen, Seppo, Vanhala, Pekka, and Forsius, Martin
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- 2021
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9. Developing a spatially explicit modelling and evaluation framework for integrated carbon sequestration and biodiversity conservation: Application in southern Finland
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Forsius, Martin, Kujala, Heini, Minunno, Francesco, Holmberg, Maria, Leikola, Niko, Mikkonen, Ninni, Autio, Iida, Paunu, Ville-Veikko, Tanhuanpää, Topi, Hurskainen, Pekka, Mäyrä, Janne, Kivinen, Sonja, Keski-Saari, Sarita, Kosenius, Anna-Kaisa, Kuusela, Saija, Virkkala, Raimo, Viinikka, Arto, Vihervaara, Petteri, Akujärvi, Anu, Bäck, Jaana, Karvosenoja, Niko, Kumpula, Timo, Kuzmin, Anton, Mäkelä, Annikki, Moilanen, Atte, Ollikainen, Markku, Pekkonen, Minna, Peltoniemi, Mikko, Poikolainen, Laura, Rankinen, Katri, Rasilo, Terhi, Tuominen, Sakari, Valkama, Jari, Vanhala, Pekka, and Heikkinen, Risto K.
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- 2021
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10. Disaggregating the effects of nitrogen addition on gross primary production in a boreal Scots pine forest
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Tian, Xianglin, Minunno, Francesco, Schiestl-Aalto, Pauliina, Chi, Jinshu, Zhao, Peng, Peichl, Matthias, Marshall, John, Näsholm, Torgny, Lim, Hyungwoo, Peltoniemi, Mikko, Linder, Sune, and Mäkelä, Annikki
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- 2021
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11. Decomposing sources of uncertainty in climate change projections of boreal forest primary production
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Kalliokoski, Tuomo, Mäkelä, Annikki, Fronzek, Stefan, Minunno, Francesco, and Peltoniemi, Mikko
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- 2018
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12. Towards a common methodology for developing logistic tree mortality models based on ring-width data
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Cailleret, Maxime, Bigler, Christof, Bugmann, Harald, Camarero, Jesús Julio, Čufar, Katarina, Davi, Hendrik, Mészáros, Ilona, Minunno, Francesco, Peltoniemi, Mikko, Robert, Elisabeth M. R., Suarez, María Laura, Tognetti, Roberto, and Martínez-Vilalta, Jordi
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- 2016
13. Testing the application of process-based forest growth model PREBAS to uneven-aged forests in Finland
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Hu, Man, primary, Minunno, Francesco, additional, Peltoniemi, Mikko, additional, Akujärvi, Anu, additional, and Mäkelä, Annikki, additional
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- 2023
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14. Accuracy, realism and general applicability of European forest models
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Mahnken, Mats, primary, Cailleret, Maxime, additional, Collalti, Alessio, additional, Trotta, Carlo, additional, Biondo, Corrado, additional, D'Andrea, Ettore, additional, Dalmonech, Daniela, additional, Marano, Gina, additional, Mäkelä, Annikki, additional, Minunno, Francesco, additional, Peltoniemi, Mikko, additional, Trotsiuk, Volodymyr, additional, Nadal‐Sala, Daniel, additional, Sabaté, Santiago, additional, Vallet, Patrick, additional, Aussenac, Raphaël, additional, Cameron, David R., additional, Bohn, Friedrich J., additional, Grote, Rüdiger, additional, Augustynczik, Andrey L. D., additional, Yousefpour, Rasoul, additional, Huber, Nica, additional, Bugmann, Harald, additional, Merganičová, Katarina, additional, Merganic, Jan, additional, Valent, Peter, additional, Lasch‐Born, Petra, additional, Hartig, Florian, additional, Vega del Valle, Iliusi D., additional, Volkholz, Jan, additional, Gutsch, Martin, additional, Matteucci, Giorgio, additional, Krejza, Jan, additional, Ibrom, Andreas, additional, Meesenburg, Henning, additional, Rötzer, Thomas, additional, van der Maaten‐Theunissen, Marieke, additional, van der Maaten, Ernst, additional, and Reyer, Christopher P. O., additional
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- 2022
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15. Do mycorrhizal symbionts drive latitudinal trends in photosynthetic carbon use efficiency and carbon sequestration in boreal forests?
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Mäkelä, Annikki, primary, Tian, Xianglin, additional, Repo, Anna, additional, Ilvesniemi, Hannu, additional, Marshall, John, additional, Minunno, Francesco, additional, Näsholm, Torgny, additional, Schiestl-Aalto, Pauliina, additional, and Lehtonen, Aleksi, additional
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- 2022
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16. Accuracy, realism and general applicability of European forest models
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Mahnken, Mats, Cailleret, Maxime, Collalti, Alessio, Trotta, Carlo, Biondo, Corrado, D'Andrea, Ettore, Dalmonech, Daniela, Marano, Gina, Mäkelä, Annikki, Minunno, Francesco, Peltoniemi, Mikko, Trotsiuk, Volodymyr, Nadal‐Sala, Daniel, Sabaté, Santiago, Vallet, Patrick, Aussenac, Raphaël, Cameron, David R., Bohn, Friedrich J., Grote, Rüdiger, Augustynczik, Andrey L.D., Yousefpour, Rasoul, Huber, Nica, Bugmann, Harald, Merganičová, Katarina, Merganic, Jan, Valent, Peter, Lasch‐Born, Petra, Hartig, Florian, Vega del Valle, Iliusi D., Volkholz, Jan, Gutsch, Martin, Matteucci, Giorgio, Krejza, Jan, Ibrom, Andreas, Meesenburg, Henning, Rötzer, Thomas, van der Maaten‐Theunissen, Marieke, van der Maaten, Ernst, Reyer, Christopher P.O., Mahnken, Mats, Cailleret, Maxime, Collalti, Alessio, Trotta, Carlo, Biondo, Corrado, D'Andrea, Ettore, Dalmonech, Daniela, Marano, Gina, Mäkelä, Annikki, Minunno, Francesco, Peltoniemi, Mikko, Trotsiuk, Volodymyr, Nadal‐Sala, Daniel, Sabaté, Santiago, Vallet, Patrick, Aussenac, Raphaël, Cameron, David R., Bohn, Friedrich J., Grote, Rüdiger, Augustynczik, Andrey L.D., Yousefpour, Rasoul, Huber, Nica, Bugmann, Harald, Merganičová, Katarina, Merganic, Jan, Valent, Peter, Lasch‐Born, Petra, Hartig, Florian, Vega del Valle, Iliusi D., Volkholz, Jan, Gutsch, Martin, Matteucci, Giorgio, Krejza, Jan, Ibrom, Andreas, Meesenburg, Henning, Rötzer, Thomas, van der Maaten‐Theunissen, Marieke, van der Maaten, Ernst, and Reyer, Christopher P.O.
- Abstract
Forest models are instrumental for understanding and projecting the impact of climate change on forests. A considerable number of forest models have been developed in the last decades. However, few systematic and comprehensive model comparisons have been performed in Europe that combine an evaluation of modelled carbon and water fluxes and forest structure. We evaluate 13 widely used, state-of-the-art, stand-scale forest models against field measurements of forest structure and eddy-covariance data of carbon and water fluxes over multiple decades across an environmental gradient at nine typical European forest stands. We test the models' performance in three dimensions: accuracy of local predictions (agreement of modelled and observed annual data), realism of environmental responses (agreement of modelled and observed responses of daily gross primary productivity to temperature, radiation and vapour pressure deficit) and general applicability (proportion of European tree species covered). We find that multiple models are available that excel according to our three dimensions of model performance. For the accuracy of local predictions, variables related to forest structure have lower random and systematic errors than annual carbon and water flux variables. Moreover, the multi-model ensemble mean provided overall more realistic daily productivity responses to environmental drivers across all sites than any single individual model. The general applicability of the models is high, as almost all models are currently able to cover Europe's common tree species. We show that forest models complement each other in their response to environmental drivers and that there are several cases in which individual models outperform the model ensemble. Our framework provides a first step to capturing essential differences between forest models that go beyond the most commonly used accuracy of predictions. Overall, this study provides a point of reference for future model work aimed at
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- 2022
17. Do mycorrhizal symbionts drive latitudinal trends in photosynthetic carbon use efficiency and carbon sequestration in boreal forests?
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Mäkelä, Annikki, Tian, Xianglig, Tian, Xianglin, Repo, Anna, Ilvesniemi, Hannu, Marshall, John, Minunno, Francesco, Näsholm, Torgny, Schiestl-Aalto, Pauliina, and Lehtonen, Aleksi
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Forest Science - Abstract
There is evidence that carbon fluxes and stocks decrease with increasing latitude in boreal forests, suggesting a reduction in carbon use efficiency. While vegetation and soil carbon dynamics have been widely studied, the empirical finding that ectomycorrhizal fungi (ECM) become more abundant towards the north has not been quantitatively linked to carbon use efficiency. We formulated a conceptual model of combined fine-root and ECM carbon use efficiency (CUE) as NPP/GPP (net primary production/gross primary production). For this, we included the mycorrhiza as gains in plant NPP but considered the extramatrical hyphae as well as exudates as losses. We quantified the carbon processes across a latitudinal gradient using published eco-physiological and morphological measurements from boreal coniferous forests. In parallel, we developed two CUE models using large-scale empirical measurements amended with established models. All models predicted similar latitudinal trends in vegetation CUE and net ecosystem production (NEP). CUE in the ECM model declined on average by 0.1 from latitude 60 to 70 with overall mean 0.390 +/- 0.037. NEP declined by 200 g m(-2) yr(-1) with mean 171 +/- 79.4 g m(-2) yr(-)(1). ECM had no significant effect on predicted soil carbon. Our findings suggest that ECM can use a significant proportion of the carbon assimilated by vegetation and hence be an important driver of the decline in CUE at higher latitudes. Our model suggests the quantitative contribution of ECM to soil carbon to be less important but any possible implications through litter quality remain to be assessed. The approach provides a simple proxy of ECM processes for regional C budget models and estimates.
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- 2022
18. Forest Flux:Final Report
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Häme, Tuomas, Sirro, Laura, Seitsonen, Lauri, Rauste, Yrjö, Mõttus, Matti, Miettinen, Jukka, Dees, Matthias, Davis, Lincoln, Rossi, Fernando, Penttilä, Juho, Auvinen, Markus, Rasinmäki, Jussi, Mäkelä, Annikki, Minunno, Francesco, Tian, Xianglin, Marin, Gheorghe, Dumitru, Marius, Tomé, Margarida, and Barreiro, Susana
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The overall objective of the Forest Flux (forestflux.eu) project was to foster the development of the Copernicus Earth Observation (EO) market and improve the profitability of forest management by implementing a world-first service of high-resolution maps of forest carbon fluxes, storage, and their development over time, using satellite imagery and associated data. The services were offered from the same process of data refinement. In this process, the outputs of the previous phase were inputs to the next phase. The earlier phase outputs were also products that were delivered to the users. Forest Flux services were implemented on the scalable Forestry TEP cloud platform that enables integration of the Forest Flux products with the business processes of end users. The services are available via an Internet connection. Computed products were mostly digital maps with supporting quantitative figures, such as statistical data on uncertainty. They were provided for nine user organizations and sites in Europe, South America, and Africa. In total, approximately 1,200 map products were delivered. Forest Flux project received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation program under grant agreement No 821860.
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- 2022
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19. Testing the Application of Process-Based Forest Growth Model Prebas to Uneven-Aged Forests in Finland
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Hu, Man, primary, Minunno, Francesco, additional, Peltoniemi, Mikko, additional, Akujärvi, Anu, additional, and Mäkelä, Annikki, additional
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- 2022
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20. Demonstration of large area forest volume and primary production estimation approach based on Sentinel-2 imagery and process based ecosystem modelling
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Miettinen, Jukka, primary, Carlier, Simon, additional, Häme, Lauri, additional, Mäkelä, Annikki, additional, Minunno, Francesco, additional, Penttilä, Juho, additional, Pisl, Jan, additional, Rasinmäki, Jussi, additional, Rauste, Yrjö, additional, Seitsonen, Lauri, additional, Tian, Xianglin, additional, and Häme, Tuomas, additional
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- 2021
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21. Calibration and validation of a simplified process-based model for the prediction of the carbon balance of Scottish Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis) plantations
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Minunno, Francesco, Xenakis, Georgios, Perks, Michael P., and Mencuccini, Maurizio
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Spruce -- Chemical properties -- Environmental aspects ,Prediction (Logic) -- Methods ,Carbon sequestration -- Methods ,Earth sciences - Abstract
There is increasing recognition that forestry provides a low cost and robust means of climate change abatement through carbon sequestration and substitution. However, current understanding of forest ecosystem carbon exchange and forest-atmosphere interactions are often inadequately characterized by existing empirical growth models with resulting poor representation for regional extrapolations. In this paper, we describe the parameterisation and independent validation, against both eddy covariance and forest growth experimental data, of a process-oriented model 3PGN to provide assessments of carbon sequestration of Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carriere) plantations across Scotland. In comparison with eddy covariance measurements, the model predicted all of the major annual carbon fluxes, i.e., gross primary production ([P.sub.G]), net ecosystem production ([P.sub.E), and ecosystem respiration ([R.sub.E), with biases lower than 10%. At a monthly time step, only Pa and Pe were accurately estimated, whereas [R.sub.E] was not. At longer time scales (i.e., several decades), the model reliably represented the major patterns of the carbon balance. Soil type was identified as the important factor influencing site productivity; fertilization practices did not alter long-term site nutritional status. The analyses also highlighted the potential impact of carbon loss from carbon-rich soils, which can result in differences between optimal rotation length for carbon sequestration and for timber production. Resume: Il est de plus en plus reconnu que la foresterie fournit un moyen economique et robuste d'attenuer les changements climatiques par la substitution et la sequestration du carbone. Cependant, la comprehension actuelle des echanges de carbone dans les ecosystemes forestiers et les interactions entre la foret et l'atmosphere sont souvent inadequatement caracterisees par les modeles de croissance empiriques existants, ce qui entraine une mauvaise representation dans le cas des extrapolations regionales. Dans cet article, nous decrivons le parametrage et la validation independante, a partir de donnees experimentales de correlation turbulente et de croissance forestiere, d'un modele 3-PGN base sur les processus afin d'obtenir des estimations de la sequestration du carbone dans les plantations d'epinette de Sitka (Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carriere) en Ecosse. Comparativement aux mesures de correlation turbulente, le modele a predit tous les principaux flux annuels de carbone, c.-a-d. la production primaire brute (Pg), la production nette de l'ecosysteme (Pe) et la respiration de l'ecosysteme (Pe), avec des biais inferieur a 10 %. Sur une base mensuelle, seules les valeurs de Pg et Pe etaient predites avec exactitude tandis que la valeur de Pe ne l'etait pas. A des echelles temporelles plus longues (c.-a-d. plusieurs decennies), le modele refletait de maniere fiable les principaux patrons du bilan du carbone. Le type de sol a ete identifie comme etant le principal facteur qui influencait la productivite de la station; a long terme, les pratiques de fertilisation n'ont pas modifie le statut nutritionnel de la station. Les analyses ont aussi fait ressortir l'impact potentiel des pertes de carbone dans les sols riches en carbone. Ces pertes peuvent entrainer des differences dans la duree optimale de la rotation pour la sequestration du carbone et pour la production de matiere ligneuse. [Traduit par la Redaction], Introduction As demonstrated by recent international political agreements (United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) 2007), forests are attributed an important role as a biotic sink for atmospheric carbon [...]
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- 2010
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22. A new method to estimate branch biomass from terrestrial laser scanning data by bridging tree structure models
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Hu, Man, primary, Pitkänen, Timo P, additional, Minunno, Francesco, additional, Tian, Xianglin, additional, Lehtonen, Aleksi, additional, and Mäkelä, Annikki, additional
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- 2021
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23. A Methodology for Implementing a Digital Twin of the Earth’s Forests to Match the Requirements of Different User Groups
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Mõttus, Matti, primary, Dees, Matthias, additional, Astola, Heikki, additional, Dałek, Stanisław, additional, Halme, Eelis, additional, Häme, Tuomas, additional, Krzyżanowska, Monika, additional, Mäkelä, Annikki, additional, Marin, Gheorghe, additional, Minunno, Francesco, additional, Pawlowski, Gero, additional, Penttilä, Juho, additional, and Rasinmäki, Jussi, additional
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- 2021
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24. Mitigation Impact of Different Harvest Scenarios of Finnish Forests That Account for Albedo, Aerosols, and Trade-Offs of Carbon Sequestration and Avoided Emissions
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Kalliokoski, Tuomo, primary, Bäck, Jaana, additional, Boy, Michael, additional, Kulmala, Markku, additional, Kuusinen, Nea, additional, Mäkelä, Annikki, additional, Minkkinen, Kari, additional, Minunno, Francesco, additional, Paasonen, Pauli, additional, Peltoniemi, Mikko, additional, Taipale, Ditte, additional, Valsta, Lauri, additional, Vanhatalo, Anni, additional, Zhou, Luxi, additional, Zhou, Putian, additional, and Berninger, Frank, additional
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- 2020
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25. Age effect on tree structure and biomass allocation in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.)
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Hu, Man, primary, Lehtonen, Aleksi, additional, Minunno, Francesco, additional, and Mäkelä, Annikki, additional
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- 2020
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26. Sensitivity of 21st century simulated ecosystem indicators to model parameters, prescribed climate drivers, RCP scenarios and forest management actions for two Finnish boreal forest sites
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Mäkelä, Jarmo, primary, Minunno, Francesco, additional, Aalto, Tuula, additional, Mäkelä, Annikki, additional, Markkanen, Tiina, additional, and Peltoniemi, Mikko, additional
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- 2020
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27. Regional greenhouse gas (GHG) budget of Kokemäenjoki river basin, SW Finland
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Rasilo, Terhi, primary, Holmberg, Maria, additional, Akujärvi, Anu, additional, Anttila, Saku, additional, Autio, Iida, additional, Karvosenoja, Niko, additional, Kortelainen, Pirkko, additional, Lehtonen, Aleksi, additional, Mäkelä, Annikki, additional, Minunno, Francesco, additional, Ojanen, Paavo, additional, Paunu, Ville-Veikko, additional, Peltoniemi, Mikko, additional, Rankinen, Katri, additional, Sallantaus, Tapani, additional, Savolahti, Mikko, additional, Tuominen, Sakari, additional, Tuominen, Seppo, additional, Vanhala, Pekka, additional, and Forsius, Martin, additional
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- 2020
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28. Extending the range of applicability of the semi‐empirical ecosystem flux model PRELES for varying forest types and climate
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Tian, Xianglin, primary, Minunno, Francesco, additional, Cao, Tianjian, additional, Peltoniemi, Mikko, additional, Kalliokoski, Tuomo, additional, and Mäkelä, Annikki, additional
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- 2020
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29. Suojelualueverkosto muuttuvassa ilmastossa - kohti ilmastoviisasta suojelualuesuunnittelua
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Aapala, Kaisu, Akujärvi, Anu, Heikkinen, Risto, Pöyry, Juha, Virkkala, Raimo, Aalto, Juha, Forss, Sonja, Kartano, Linda, Kemppainen, Eija, Kuusela, Saija, Leikola, Niko, Mattsson, Tuija, Mikkonen, Ninni, Minunno, Francesco, Piirainen, Sirke, Punttila, Pekka, Pykälä, Juha, Rajasärkkä, Ari, Syrjänen, Kimmo, and Turunen, Minna
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suojelualueet ,suunnittelu ,hiilitase ,lajit ,luontotyypit ,ilmastonmuutokset ,luonnonsuojelu - Abstract
Ilmastoviisaan luonnonsuojelusuunnittelun perustana on tieto siitä, millä alueilla ilmasto muuttuu voimakkaimmin, mitkä suojelualueet, lajit ja lajipopulaatiot sekä luontotyypit ovat kaikkein alttiimpia muutokselle ja miten muutokseen sopeudutaan. SUMI-hankkeessa selvitettiin lämpösumman, tammikuun keskilämpötilan ja vuosittaisen vesitaseen muutosnopeutta ja pienilmastollisia muutoksia Suomen Natura 2000 -verkostossa. Lämpösumman ja tammikuun lämpötilan ennustetuissa muutosnopeuksissa on merkittäviä alueellisia eroja ja Natura-alueiden pienilmasto tulee muuttumaan huomattavasti. Avainasemassa on turvata lajit, joiden populaatioiden menestyminen liittyy nopeimmin muuttuviin ilmastotekijöihin. Suojelualuesuunnittelussa tulee painottaa suojelu- ja hoitotoimien joustavaa suunnittelua sekä varautua mittaviin olosuhteiden muutoksiin. Ennallistaminen ja luonnonhoito ovat tärkeitä keinoja lajien elinympäristöjen ja luontotyyppien tilan parantamiseksi muuttuvassa ilmastossa. Kohdentamalla ennallistamista ja luonnonhoitoa ilmastoviisaasti voidaan tukea lajien siirtymistä. Lajien ominaisuudet vaikuttavat niiden haavoittuvuuteen ilmastonmuutokselle; negatiiviset vaikutukset korostuvat pohjoisen viileisiin oloihin, kuten tunturi- ja suoelinympäristöihin, erikoistuneilla lajeilla, joiden leviämiskyky on rajoittunut. Eri eliöryhmillä nousi esille myös muita lajien haavoittuvuutta ilmastonmuutokselle heijastelevia ominaisuuksia, joita on tärkeää huomioida lajien hoito- ja suojelusuunnittelussa. Lajien ominaisuuksien perusteella tunnistettiin joukko ilmastonmuutokselle haavoittuvimpia lajeja, joihin suojelutoimia kannattaa kohdentaa. Luontodirektiivilajien - ja etenkin saman lajin populaatioiden - välillä oli selviä eroja lajien altistumisessa lämpösumman ja tammikuun lämpötilan muutosnopeuteen, sekä esiintymien ympäristön haitallisen maankäytön määrässä. SUMI-hankkeessa tarkasteltiin suojelualueverkoston merkitystä maalinnustolle sekä havaittujen että ennustettujen levinneisyysmuutosten osalta. Suojelullisesti arvokkaiden suo- ja tunturilajien lajimäärä pieneni sekä suojelualueilla että suojelemattomilla alueilla, kun taas kosteikkolajien määrä kasvoi koko maassa. Suojelualueet puskuroivat ilmastonmuutoksen negatiivisia vaikutuksia suojelullisesti merkittäville lajeille, mutta vaikutukset ovat jo nähtävissä niilläkin. Linnuston monimuotoisuuden kannalta suojelualueverkosto on perustettu ilmastonmuutoksen näkökulmasta oikeansuuntaisesti, mutta Etelä- ja Keski-Suomessa metsien suojelualueverkosto on riittämätön turvaamaan lintulajiston monimuotoisuuden. Ilmastonmuutoksen vaikutukset luontotyyppeihin ovat ensisijassa laadullisia. Herkimmiksi luontotyypeiksi on tunnistettu rannikon hauru- ja meriajokasvallit sekä primäärisukkessioon liittyvät luontotyypit, lumenviipymät, tunturikoivikot, tunturikankaat, virtavesien latvapurot, Tunturi-Lapin pienvedet, perinnebiotoopit, palsasuot, eteläiset aapasuot, lähteet ja lähdesuot sekä avoimet ja puoliavoimet kallioluontotyypit. Ilmastonmuutoksen myötä lisääntyvien luontaisten häiriöiden arvioidaan vaikuttavan positiivisesti metsien rakenteeseen lisäämällä kuolleen puun sekä runsaslahopuustoisten nuorten sukkessiovaiheiden ja lehtipuiden määrää. Monimuotoiset metsät ovat avainasemassa metsien ekosysteemipalveluiden ja sopeutumiskyvyn turvaamisessa. SUMI-hankkeessa kehitettiin laskentamenetelmää, jonka avulla voidaan arvioida metsän käsittelytapojen ja ilmastonmuutoksen vaikutuksia metsien hiilitaseeseen tarkalla resoluutiolla. Alustavien mallinnustulosten mukaan puuston ja metsämaan hiilivarasto kasvoi sekä suojelumetsä- että talousmetsäskenaariossa Evon alueella vuosina 2013–2099. Suojelumetsä sitoi hiiltä hitaammin kuin talousmetsä mutta säilyi hiilen nieluna koko tarkastelujakson ajan. Yhdistämällä hiilitasearviot luonnon monimuotoisuutta kuvaaviin paikkatietoaineistoihin voidaan suojelualuesuunnittelussa priorisoida sekä ilmastohyödyiltään että luontoarvoiltaan parhaita kohteita.
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- 2020
30. new method to estimate branch biomass from terrestrial laser scanning data by bridging tree structure models.
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Hu, Man, Pitkänen, Timo P, Minunno, Francesco, Tian, Xianglin, Lehtonen, Aleksi, and Mäkelä, Annikki
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OPTICAL scanners ,AIRBORNE lasers ,SCOTS pine ,STANDARD deviations ,BIOMASS ,DATA mining - Abstract
Background and Aims Branch biomass and other attributes are important for estimating the carbon budget of forest stands and characterizing crown structure. As destructive measuring is time-consuming and labour-intensive, terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) as a solution has been used to estimate branch biomass quickly and non-destructively. However, branch information extraction from TLS data alone is challenging due to occlusion and other defects, especially for estimating individual branch attributes in coniferous trees. Methods This study presents a method, entitled TSM
tls , to estimate individual branch biomass non-destructively and accurately by combining tree structure models and TLS data. The TSMtls method constructs the stem-taper curve from TLS data, then uses tree structure models to determine the number, basal area and biomass of individual branches at whorl level. We estimated the tree structural model parameters from 122 destructively measured Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) trees and tested the method on six Scots pine trees that were first TLS-scanned and later destructively measured. Additionally, we estimated the branch biomass using other TLS-based approaches for comparison. Key Results Tree-level branch biomass estimates derived from TSMtls showed the best agreement with the destructive measurements [coefficient of variation of root mean square error (CV-RMSE) = 9.66 % and concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) = 0.99], outperforming the other TLS-based approaches (CV-RMSE 12.97–57.45 % and CCC 0.43–0.98). Whorl-level individual branch attributes estimates produced from TSMtls showed more accurate results than those produced from TLS data directly. Conclusions The results showed that the TSMtls method proposed in this study holds promise for extension to more species and larger areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2021
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31. Skenaarioanalyysi metsien kehityastä kuvaanvien mallien ennustieden yhtäläisyyksistä ja eriosta
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Kalliokoski, Tuomo, Heinonen, Tero, Holder, Jonathan, Lehtonen, Aleksi, Mäkelä, Annikki, Minunno, Francesco, Ollikainen, Markku, Packalen, Tuula, Peltoniemi, Mikko, Pukkala, Timo, Salminen, Olli, Schelhaas, M., Seppälä, Jyri, Vauhkonen, Jari, and Kanninen, Markku
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Life Science ,Vegetatie, Bos- en Landschapsecologie ,Vegetation, Forest and Landscape Ecology - Published
- 2019
32. Assessing the response of forest productivity to climate extremes in Switzerland using model–data fusion
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Trotsiuk, Volodymyr, primary, Hartig, Florian, additional, Cailleret, Maxime, additional, Babst, Flurin, additional, Forrester, David I., additional, Baltensweiler, Andri, additional, Buchmann, Nina, additional, Bugmann, Harald, additional, Gessler, Arthur, additional, Gharun, Mana, additional, Minunno, Francesco, additional, Rigling, Andreas, additional, Rohner, Brigitte, additional, Stillhard, Jonas, additional, Thürig, Esther, additional, Waldner, Peter, additional, Ferretti, Marco, additional, Eugster, Werner, additional, and Schaub, Marcus, additional
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- 2020
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33. Uncertainty sources in simulated ecosystem indicators of the 21st century climate change
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Mäkelä, Jarmo, primary, Minunno, Francesco, additional, Aalto, Tuula, additional, Mäkelä, Annikki, additional, Markkanen, Tiina, additional, and Peltoniemi, Mikko, additional
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- 2019
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34. Bayesian calibration of a carbon balance model PREBAS using data from permanent growth experiments and national forest inventory
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Minunno, Francesco, primary, Peltoniemi, Mikko, additional, Härkönen, Sanna, additional, Kalliokoski, Tuomo, additional, Makinen, Harri, additional, and Mäkelä, Annikki, additional
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- 2019
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35. Ecosystem Services Related to Carbon Cycling – Modeling Present and Future Impacts in Boreal Forests
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Holmberg, Maria, primary, Aalto, Tuula, additional, Akujärvi, Anu, additional, Arslan, Ali Nadir, additional, Bergström, Irina, additional, Böttcher, Kristin, additional, Lahtinen, Ismo, additional, Mäkelä, Annikki, additional, Markkanen, Tiina, additional, Minunno, Francesco, additional, Peltoniemi, Mikko, additional, Rankinen, Katri, additional, Vihervaara, Petteri, additional, and Forsius, Martin, additional
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- 2019
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36. The role of old growth forests in carbon sequestration – do we know enough for scenario modelling?
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Mäkelä, Annikki, primary, Minunno, Francesco, additional, and Peltoniemi, Mikko, additional
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- 2018
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37. Net carbon balance of Finnish forests under climate change - Forest management induced differences between local and global model estimates
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Peltoniemi, Mikko, primary, Markkanen, Tiina, additional, Minunno, Francesco, additional, Aalto, Tuula, additional, Mäkelä, Jarmo, additional, Kalliokoski, Tuomo, additional, and Mäkelä, Annikki, additional
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- 2018
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38. Productivity of Fagus sylvatica under climate change – A Bayesian analysis of risk and uncertainty using the model 3-PG
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Augustynczik, Andrey L.D., primary, Hartig, Florian, additional, Minunno, Francesco, additional, Kahle, Hans-Peter, additional, Diaconu, Daniela, additional, Hanewinkel, Marc, additional, and Yousefpour, Rasoul, additional
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- 2017
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39. Towards a common methodology to simulate tree mortality based on ring-width data
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Cailleret, Maxime, Bigler, Christof, Bugmann, Harald, Davi, Hendrik, Minunno, Francesco, Peltoniemi, Mikko, Martinez-Vilalta, Jordi, Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems (ITES), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Ecologie des Forêts Méditerranéennes (URFM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Department of Forest Sciences, University of Alaska [Fairbanks] (UAF), Finnish Forest Research Institute, CREAF, and Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB)
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arbre forestier ,Biodiversité et Ecologie ,[SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes ,mortalité des arbres ,approche bayésienne ,modèle de régression ,Biodiversity and Ecology ,nothofagus dombeyi ,quercus petraea ,[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology ,Milieux et Changements globaux ,largeur de cerne ,abies alba ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,modélisation - Abstract
International audience
- Published
- 2015
40. Uncertainty sources in simulated ecosystem indicators of the 21st century climate change.
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Mäkelä, Jarmo, Minunno, Francesco, Aalto, Tuula, Mäkelä, Annikki, Markkanen, Tiina, and Peltoniemi, Mikko
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SOIL ecology ,CLIMATE change ,CLIMATE change mitigation ,TWENTY-first century ,TAIGAS ,SNOWMELT ,NATURE reserves - Abstract
The forest ecosystems are already responding to increased CO
2 concentrations and changing environmental conditions. These ongoing developments affect how societies can utilise and benefit from the woodland areas in the future, be it e.g. climate change mitigation as carbon sinks, lumber for wood industry or preserved for nature tourism and recreational activities. We assess the effect and the relative magnitude of different uncertainty sources in ecosystem model simulations from the year 1980 to 2100 for two Finnish boreal forest sites. The models used in this study are the land ecosystem model JSBACH and the forest growth model PREBAS. The considered uncertainty sources for both models are model parameters, four prescribed climates and two RCP (Representative Concentration Pathway) scenarios. PREBAS simulations also include an additional RCP scenario and two forest management actions. We assess the effect of these sources at four different stages of the simulations on several ecosystem indicators of climate change, e.g. gross primary production (GPP), ecosystem respiration, soil moisture, recurrence of drought, length of the vegetation active period (VAP), length of the snow melting period and the stand volume. The climate model uncertainty remains roughly the same throughout the simulations and is overtaken by the RCP scenario impact halfway through the experiment. The management actions are the most dominant uncertainty factors for Hyytiälä and as important as RCP scenarios at the end of the simulations, but contribute only half as much for Sodankylä. The parameter uncertainty is the most elusive to estimate due to non-linear and adverse effects on the simulated ecosystem indicators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2019
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41. A synthesis of radial growth patterns preceding tree mortality
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Cailleret, Maxime, Stevenjansen, Elisabeth, Robert, Elisabeth M. R., Desoto, Lucia, Aakala, Tuomas, Antos, Joseph A., Beikircher, Barbara, Bigler, Christof, Bugmann, Harald, Caccianiga, Marco, Cada,Vojtech H, Camarero, Jesús J., Cherubini, Paolo, Cochard, Herve, Coyea, Marie R., Cufar, Katarina, Das, Adrian J., Davi, Hendrik, Delzon, Sylvain, Dorman, Michael, Gea-Izquierdo, Guillermo, Gillner, Sten, Haavik, Laurel J., Hartmann, Henrik, Heres, Ana-Maria, Hultine, Kevin R., Janda, Pavel, Kane, Jeffrey M., Kharuk, Vyacheslav I., Kitzberger, Thomas, Klein, Tamir, Kramer, Koen, Lens, Frederic, Levanic, Tom, Linares Calderón, Juan C., Lloret Maya, Francisco, Lobo-do-Vale, Raquel, Lombardi, Fabio, López Rodríguez, Rosana, Makinen, Harri, Mayr, Stefan, Meszaros, Ilona, Metsaranta, Juham M., Minunno, Francesco, Oberhuber, Walter, Papadopoulos, Andreas, Peltoniemi, Mikko, Petritan, Anym, Rohner, Brigitte, Sangüesa-Barreda, Gabriel, Sarris, Dimitrios, Smith, Jeremym, Stan, Amanda B., Sterck, Frank, Stojanovic, Dejan B., Suárez, María L., Miroslav, Svoboda, Tognetti, Roberto, Torres-Ruiz, José M., Trotsiuk, Volodymyr, Villalba, Ricardo, Vodde, Floor, Westwood, Alana R., Wyckoff, Peter H., Zafirov, Nikolay, Martínez Vilalta, Jordi, Cailleret, Maxime, Stevenjansen, Elisabeth, Robert, Elisabeth M. R., Desoto, Lucia, Aakala, Tuomas, Antos, Joseph A., Beikircher, Barbara, Bigler, Christof, Bugmann, Harald, Caccianiga, Marco, Cada,Vojtech H, Camarero, Jesús J., Cherubini, Paolo, Cochard, Herve, Coyea, Marie R., Cufar, Katarina, Das, Adrian J., Davi, Hendrik, Delzon, Sylvain, Dorman, Michael, Gea-Izquierdo, Guillermo, Gillner, Sten, Haavik, Laurel J., Hartmann, Henrik, Heres, Ana-Maria, Hultine, Kevin R., Janda, Pavel, Kane, Jeffrey M., Kharuk, Vyacheslav I., Kitzberger, Thomas, Klein, Tamir, Kramer, Koen, Lens, Frederic, Levanic, Tom, Linares Calderón, Juan C., Lloret Maya, Francisco, Lobo-do-Vale, Raquel, Lombardi, Fabio, López Rodríguez, Rosana, Makinen, Harri, Mayr, Stefan, Meszaros, Ilona, Metsaranta, Juham M., Minunno, Francesco, Oberhuber, Walter, Papadopoulos, Andreas, Peltoniemi, Mikko, Petritan, Anym, Rohner, Brigitte, Sangüesa-Barreda, Gabriel, Sarris, Dimitrios, Smith, Jeremym, Stan, Amanda B., Sterck, Frank, Stojanovic, Dejan B., Suárez, María L., Miroslav, Svoboda, Tognetti, Roberto, Torres-Ruiz, José M., Trotsiuk, Volodymyr, Villalba, Ricardo, Vodde, Floor, Westwood, Alana R., Wyckoff, Peter H., Zafirov, Nikolay, and Martínez Vilalta, Jordi
- Abstract
Altres ajuts: this study generated from the COST Action STReESS (FP1106) financially supported by the EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation HORIZON 2020. And the EU Project FEDER 0087 TRANSHABITAT and LIFE12 ENV/FI/000409, Tree mortality is a key factor influencing forest functions and dynamics, but our understanding of the mechanisms leading to mortality and the associated changes in tree growth rates are still limited. We compiled a new pan-continental tree-ring width database from sites where both dead and living trees were sampled (2970 dead and 4224 living trees from 190 sites, including 36 species), and compared early and recent growth rates between trees that died and those that survived a given mortality event. We observed a decrease in radial growth before death in ca. 84% of the mortality events. The extent and duration of these reductions were highly variable (1-100 years in 96% of events) due to the complex interactions among study species and the source(s) of mortality. Strong and long-lasting declines were found for gymnosperms, shade- and drought-tolerant species, and trees that died from competition. Angiosperms and trees that died due to biotic attacks (especially bark-beetles) typically showed relatively small and short-term growth reductions. Our analysis did not highlight any universal trade-off between early growth and tree longevity within a species, although this result may also reflect high variability in sampling design among sites. The intersite and interspecific variability in growth patterns before mortality provides valuable information on the nature of the mortality process, which is consistent with our understanding of the physiological mechanisms leading to mortality. Abrupt changes in growth immediately before death can be associated with generalized hydraulic failure and/or bark-beetle attack, while long-term decrease in growth may be associated with a gradual decline in hydraulic performance coupled with depletion in carbon reserves. Our results imply that growth-based mortality algorithms may be a powerful tool for predicting gymnosperm mortality induced by chronic stress, but not necessarily so for angiosperms and in case of intense drought or bark
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- 2017
42. BayesianTools: General-Purpose MCMC and SMC Samplers and Tools for Bayesian Statistics
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Hartig, Florian, primary, Minunno, Francesco, additional, and Paul, Stefan, additional
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- 2017
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43. A synthesis of radial growth patterns preceding tree mortality
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Cailleret, Maxime, primary, Jansen, Steven, additional, Robert, Elisabeth M. R., additional, Desoto, Lucía, additional, Aakala, Tuomas, additional, Antos, Joseph A., additional, Beikircher, Barbara, additional, Bigler, Christof, additional, Bugmann, Harald, additional, Caccianiga, Marco, additional, Čada, Vojtěch, additional, Camarero, Jesus J., additional, Cherubini, Paolo, additional, Cochard, Hervé, additional, Coyea, Marie R., additional, Čufar, Katarina, additional, Das, Adrian J., additional, Davi, Hendrik, additional, Delzon, Sylvain, additional, Dorman, Michael, additional, Gea‐Izquierdo, Guillermo, additional, Gillner, Sten, additional, Haavik, Laurel J., additional, Hartmann, Henrik, additional, Hereş, Ana‐Maria, additional, Hultine, Kevin R., additional, Janda, Pavel, additional, Kane, Jeffrey M., additional, Kharuk, Vyacheslav I., additional, Kitzberger, Thomas, additional, Klein, Tamir, additional, Kramer, Koen, additional, Lens, Frederic, additional, Levanic, Tom, additional, Linares Calderon, Juan C., additional, Lloret, Francisco, additional, Lobo‐Do‐Vale, Raquel, additional, Lombardi, Fabio, additional, López Rodríguez, Rosana, additional, Mäkinen, Harri, additional, Mayr, Stefan, additional, Mészáros, Ilona, additional, Metsaranta, Juha M., additional, Minunno, Francesco, additional, Oberhuber, Walter, additional, Papadopoulos, Andreas, additional, Peltoniemi, Mikko, additional, Petritan, Any M., additional, Rohner, Brigitte, additional, Sangüesa‐Barreda, Gabriel, additional, Sarris, Dimitrios, additional, Smith, Jeremy M., additional, Stan, Amanda B., additional, Sterck, Frank, additional, Stojanović, Dejan B., additional, Suarez, Maria L., additional, Svoboda, Miroslav, additional, Tognetti, Roberto, additional, Torres‐Ruiz, José M., additional, Trotsiuk, Volodymyr, additional, Villalba, Ricardo, additional, Vodde, Floor, additional, Westwood, Alana R., additional, Wyckoff, Peter H., additional, Zafirov, Nikolay, additional, and Martínez‐Vilalta, Jordi, additional
- Published
- 2016
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44. Coordination of physiological traits involved in drought‐induced mortality of woody plants
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Mencuccini, Maurizio, primary, Minunno, Francesco, additional, Salmon, Yann, additional, Martínez‐Vilalta, Jordi, additional, and Hölttä, Teemu, additional
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- 2015
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45. On the use of the bayesian approach for the calibration, evaluation and comparison of process-based forest models
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Minunno, Francesco, Pereira, João Santos, Tomé, Margarida, and Salvatori, Sofia Cerasoli
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global sensitivity analysis ,carbon cycle ,water cycle ,Bayesian statistics ,uncertainty analysis ,process-based models - Abstract
Doutoramento em Engenharia Florestal e dos Recursos Naturais - Instituto Superior de Agronomia Forest ecosystems have been experiencing fast and abrupt changes in the environmental conditions, that can increase their vulnerability to extreme events such as drought, heat waves, storms, fire. Process-based models can draw inferences about future environmental dynamics, but the reliability and robustness of vegetation models are conditional on their structure and their parametrisation. The main objective of the PhD was to implement and apply modern computational techniques, mainly based on Bayesian statistics, in the context of forest modelling. A variety of case studies was presented, spanning from growth predictions models to soil respiration models and process-based models. The great potential of the Bayesian method for reducing uncertainty in parameters and outputs and model evaluation was shown. Furthermore, a new methodology based on a combination of a Bayesian framework and a global sensitivity analysis was developed, with the aim of identifying strengths and weaknesses of process-based models and to test modifications in model structure. Finally, part of the PhD research focused on reducing the computational load to take full advantage of Bayesian statistics. It was shown how parameter screening impacts model performances and a new methodology for parameter screening, based on canonical correlation analysis, was presented
46. Assessing the response of forest productivity to climate extremes in Switzerland using model–data fusion
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Trotsiuk, Volodymyr, Hartig, Florian, Cailleret, Maxime, Babst, Flurin, Forrester, David I., Baltensweiler, Andri, Buchmann, Nina, Bugmann, Harald, Gessler, Arthur, Gharun, Mana, Minunno, Francesco, Rigling, Andreas, Rohner, Brigitte, Stillhard, Jonas, Thürig, Esther, Waldner, Peter, Ferretti, Marco, Eugster, Werner, and Schaub, Marcus
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Carbon cycling ,Drought ,13. Climate action ,Fagus sylvatica ,Picea abies ,Model calibration ,Bayesian inference ,Data assimilation ,15. Life on land ,Ecosystem productivity ,Extreme events ,Inverse modeling - Abstract
The response of forest productivity to climate extremes strongly depends on ambient environmental and site conditions. To better understand these relationships at a regional scale, we used nearly 800 observation years from 271 permanent long‐term forest monitoring plots across Switzerland, obtained between 1980 and 2017. We assimilated these data into the 3‐PG forest ecosystem model using Bayesian inference, reducing the bias of model predictions from 14% to 5% for forest stem carbon stocks and from 45% to 9% for stem carbon stock changes. We then estimated the productivity of forests dominated by Picea abies and Fagus sylvatica for the period of 1960–2018, and tested for productivity shifts in response to climate along elevational gradient and in extreme years. Simulated net primary productivity (NPP) decreased with elevation (2.86 ± 0.006 Mg C ha−1 year−1 km−1 for P. abies and 0.93 ± 0.010 Mg C ha−1 year−1 km−1 for F. sylvatica). During warm–dry extremes, simulated NPP for both species increased at higher and decreased at lower elevations, with reductions in NPP of more than 25% for up to 21% of the potential species distribution range in Switzerland. Reduced plant water availability had a stronger effect on NPP than temperature during warm‐dry extremes. Importantly, cold–dry extremes had negative impacts on regional forest NPP comparable to warm–dry extremes. Overall, our calibrated model suggests that the response of forest productivity to climate extremes is more complex than simple shift toward higher elevation. Such robust estimates of NPP are key for increasing our understanding of forests ecosystems carbon dynamics under climate extremes., Global Change Biology, 26 (4), ISSN:1354-1013, ISSN:1365-2486
47. Do we acknowledge enough the effect of climate change scenario uncertainty on primary production of boreal forests?
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Kalliokoski, Tuomo, Peltoniemi, Mikko, Fronzek, Stefan, Minunno, Francesco, and Mäkelä, Annikki
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- 2018
48. The growth and aboveground biomasses of Scots pine and Norway spruce in relation to tree structural regularities
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Hu, Man, University of Helsinki, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, Doctoral Programme in Sustainable Use of Renewable Natural Resources, Helsingin yliopisto, maatalous-metsätieteellinen tiedekunta, Uusiutuvien luonnonvarojen kestävän käytön tohtoriohjelma, Helsingfors universitet, agrikultur-forstvetenskapliga fakulteten, Doktorandprogrammet i hållbart utnyttjande av förnybara naturresurser, Soares, Paula, Mäkelä, Annikki, and Minunno, Francesco
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forest modelling - Abstract
An important challenge in forest management is how to predict tree/forest growth, biomass, and structural variables accurately and easily. Tree structural relationships between measurable tree dimensions and biomass components are therefore important because they provide a basis for further model use. In this context, exploring the age effect on structural relationships is consequential because it allows us to be able to understand the regularities of tree structure and growth and to utilize new measurement technologies such as terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) for estimating more detailed tree structure and biomass. Further, knowledge on the tree structure changes with age can act as a reference to provide support for better model use with respect to tree age. The main objectives of this study were 1) to test the age effect on tree structure and biomass allocation equations in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) to understand the tree structural regularities with growth; 2) to further utilize the tree structural regularities to integrate with TLS data to improve the estimation of branch attributes in Scots pine by introducing a new method (TSM_tls); 3) to refine a process-based model PREBAS to be applicable on multiple-cohorts stands; and 4) to test the possibility of considering tree structure changes with age when applying the PREBAS model to estimate stand level biomasses. Multiple data sources included in this study were: destructive tree measurements, consecutive forest inventory data and TLS data. Results showed that tree structure variables vary a lot with growing age, as well as the biomass proportion of tree components (foliage, branch and stem). As trees mature, the tree structure is rather stable as biomass allocation and tree structural variables become steady. Moreover, in all age groups the pipe model theory (PMT) based tree equations suit well in both Scots pine and Norway spruce suggesting stable tree structure relationships with growing age. However, age dependence was detected on the slope parameters of all these equations, except for the branch-related equations in Scots pine and stem form coefficient below the crown base in both species. With age-specific parameters, the tree structural variables and biomass of each tree component can be estimated accurately. Among the tree structural equations, the ratio between cross-sectional area at the crown base and the total branch basal area was independent of tree age in Scots pine. Utilizing this constant relationship, the proposed TSM_tls method presented higher accuracy and lower error in estimating individual branch diameter and biomass in each canopy layer compared with the other TLS-based method, suggesting a fair performance of TSM_tls method. On stand level, the refined PREBAS model with DBH size classes showed a better estimation of tree variables and biomass in uneven-aged stands compared with the existing PREBAS version, although the bias of biomass estimation still existed. Moreover, the refined PREBAS model simulated the stand level mean tree structure more consistent with observations compared with existing PREBAS version. The mean tree biomass estimations using different approaches (age-specific biomass equations and PREBAS model) showed noticeable difference in both Scots pine and Norway spruce in most cases. Our results highlight the importance of tree structure relationships and demonstrate the possibility of better model use by accounting these relationships. Considering the limited sample trees of testing TSM_tls method, more data including different species and more sample trees should be collected to confirm our conclusion. Moreover, the results also suggest further PREBAS model calibration on uneven-aged stands is required with larger dataset including tree structure and biomass information. Metsänhoidon tärkeä haaste on puun/metsän kasvun, biomassan ja rakenteellisten muuttujien ennustaminen tarkasti ja helposti. Puun rakenteelliset suhteet mitattavissa olevien puiden mittojen ja biomassakomponenttien välillä ovat siksi tärkeitä, koska ne tarjoavat pohjan mallin jatkokäytölle. Tässä yhteydessä iän vaikutuksen selvittäminen rakenteellisiin suhteisiin on seurausta, koska sen avulla pystymme ymmärtämään puun rakenteen ja kasvun säännönmukaisuuksia ja hyödyntämään uusia mittaustekniikoita, kuten TLS (Terrestrial laser Scanning) tarkempaa puun rakennetta ja biomassaa. Lisäksi tieto puun rakenteen muuttumisesta iän myötä voi toimia referenssinä, joka tukee mallin parempaa käyttöä suhteessa puun ikään. Tämän tutkimuksen päätavoitteena oli 1) testata männyn (Pinus sylvestris L.) ja kuusen (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) iän vaikutusta puurakenteeseen ja biomassan jakautumisyhtälöihin. kasvu; 2) hyödyntää edelleen puun rakenteellisia säännönmukaisuuksia integroidakseen TLS-dataan parantaakseen männyn oksaattribuuttien arviointia ottamalla käyttöön uusi menetelmä (TSM_tls); 3) jalostaa prosessipohjaista mallia PREBAS soveltuvaksi usean kohortin metsikoihin; ja 4) testata mahdollisuutta ottaa huomioon puun rakenteen muutokset iän myötä sovellettaessa PREBAS-mallia metsikötason biomassojen arvioimiseen. Useita tähän tutkimukseen sisältyviä tietolähteitä olivat: tuhoisat puumittaukset, peräkkäiset metsän inventointitiedot ja TLS-tiedot. Tulokset osoittivat, että puun rakennemuuttujat vaihtelevat paljon kasvuiän sekä puun komponenttien (lehtiö, oksa ja varsi) biomassaosuuden mukaan. Puiden kypsyessä puun rakenne on melko vakaa, kun biomassan allokaatio ja puiden rakennemuuttujat vakiintuvat. Lisäksi kaikissa ikäryhmissä putkimalliteoriaan (PMT) perustuvat puuyhtälöt sopivat hyvin sekä männylle että kuuselle, mikä viittaa vakaaseen puurakenteen suhteeseen kasvuiän kanssa. Ikäriippuvuus havaittiin kuitenkin kaikkien näiden yhtälöiden kaltevuusparametreista, paitsi männyn oksakohtaisista yhtälöistä ja latvuspohjan alapuolella olevasta varren muotokertoimesta molemmissa lajeissa. Ikäkohtaisilla parametreilla puun rakennemuuttujat ja kunkin puukomponentin biomassa voidaan arvioida tarkasti. Puun rakenneyhtälöistä latvuspohjan poikkileikkauspinta-alan ja oksan tyvipinta-alan välinen suhde oli männyn puun iästä riippumaton. Tätä jatkuvaa suhdetta hyödyntäen ehdotettu TSM_tls-menetelmä esitti paremman tarkkuuden ja pienemmän virheen arvioitaessa yksittäisen oksan halkaisijaa ja biomassaa kussakin kuomukerroksessa verrattuna toiseen TLS-pohjaiseen menetelmään, mikä viittaa TSM_tls-menetelmän kohtuulliseen suorituskykyyn. Metsikkötasolla hienostunut PREBAS-malli DBH-kokoluokilla osoitti paremman arvioinnin puumuuttujista ja biomassasta epätasa-ikäisissä metsiköissä verrattuna nykyiseen PREBAS-versioon, vaikka biomassan arvioinnin harha oli edelleen olemassa. Lisäksi jalostettu PREBAS-malli simuloi metsikötason keskimääräistä puurakennetta havaintojen kanssa yhdenmukaisemmin olemassa olevaan PREBAS-versioon verrattuna. Puun keskimääräiset biomassaarviot eri lähestymistavoilla (ikäkohtaiset biomassayhtälöt ja PREBAS-malli) osoittivat useimmissa tapauksissa huomattavan eron sekä männyssä että kuusessa.Tuloksemme korostavat puurakennesuhteiden tärkeyttä ja osoittavat paremman mallin käytön ottamalla huomioon nämä suhteet. Ottaen huomioon TSM_tls-menetelmän testauksen rajalliset näytepuut, tulisi kerätä enemmän tietoa, mukaan lukien eri lajit ja näytepuut, johtopäätöksemme vahvistamiseksi. Lisäksi tulokset viittaavat myös siihen, että PREBAS-mallin lisäkalibrointia epätasa-ikäisillä metsikköillä tarvitaan suuremmalla tietojoukolla, joka sisältää puun rakenne- ja biomassatiedot.
- Published
- 2022
49. A synthesis of radial growth patterns preceding tree mortality.
- Author
-
Cailleret M, Jansen S, Robert EM, Desoto L, Aakala T, Antos JA, Beikircher B, Bigler C, Bugmann H, Caccianiga M, Čada V, Camarero JJ, Cherubini P, Cochard H, Coyea MR, Čufar K, Das AJ, Davi H, Delzon S, Dorman M, Gea-Izquierdo G, Gillner S, Haavik LJ, Hartmann H, Hereş AM, Hultine KR, Janda P, Kane JM, Kharuk VI, Kitzberger T, Klein T, Kramer K, Lens F, Levanic T, Linares Calderon JC, Lloret F, Lobo-Do-Vale R, Lombardi F, López Rodríguez R, Mäkinen H, Mayr S, Mészáros I, Metsaranta JM, Minunno F, Oberhuber W, Papadopoulos A, Peltoniemi M, Petritan AM, Rohner B, Sangüesa-Barreda G, Sarris D, Smith JM, Stan AB, Sterck F, Stojanović DB, Suarez ML, Svoboda M, Tognetti R, Torres-Ruiz JM, Trotsiuk V, Villalba R, Vodde F, Westwood AR, Wyckoff PH, Zafirov N, and Martínez-Vilalta J
- Subjects
- Animals, Carbon, Stress, Physiological, Coleoptera, Droughts, Trees growth & development
- Abstract
Tree mortality is a key factor influencing forest functions and dynamics, but our understanding of the mechanisms leading to mortality and the associated changes in tree growth rates are still limited. We compiled a new pan-continental tree-ring width database from sites where both dead and living trees were sampled (2970 dead and 4224 living trees from 190 sites, including 36 species), and compared early and recent growth rates between trees that died and those that survived a given mortality event. We observed a decrease in radial growth before death in ca. 84% of the mortality events. The extent and duration of these reductions were highly variable (1-100 years in 96% of events) due to the complex interactions among study species and the source(s) of mortality. Strong and long-lasting declines were found for gymnosperms, shade- and drought-tolerant species, and trees that died from competition. Angiosperms and trees that died due to biotic attacks (especially bark-beetles) typically showed relatively small and short-term growth reductions. Our analysis did not highlight any universal trade-off between early growth and tree longevity within a species, although this result may also reflect high variability in sampling design among sites. The intersite and interspecific variability in growth patterns before mortality provides valuable information on the nature of the mortality process, which is consistent with our understanding of the physiological mechanisms leading to mortality. Abrupt changes in growth immediately before death can be associated with generalized hydraulic failure and/or bark-beetle attack, while long-term decrease in growth may be associated with a gradual decline in hydraulic performance coupled with depletion in carbon reserves. Our results imply that growth-based mortality algorithms may be a powerful tool for predicting gymnosperm mortality induced by chronic stress, but not necessarily so for angiosperms and in case of intense drought or bark-beetle outbreaks., (© 2016 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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