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Objective: To measure the heart rate (HR) and the behavior of children and teenagers with Down Syndrome (DS) during the dental appointment. Material and Methods: Two groups (n = 52), of both genders, aged 2-14 years, matched by age group were formed: study group (SG) - individuals with DS and control group (CG) - normotypical school children. The participants were submitted to clinical examination and prophylaxis. An oximeter was used to measure the HR at five moments of the dental consultation: before entering the practice room (T0), when sitting in the dental chair (T1), during the clinical examination (T2), during prophylaxis (T3) and immediately after prophylaxis (T4). Behavior, classified according to the Frankl Scale, was observed at T3. Mann Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis, Dunn and Pearson's Chi-square tests were used to analyze and compare variables (significance level at 5%). Results: In SG, a significant difference in HR was observed according to the moment of dental appointment (p<0.001 SG; 0.3385 CG). The highest HR value in SG was observed at T3 (median 110.00; IIQ 96.00-124.00), the only moment significantly different (p<0.001) from HR values for CG. A difference in behavior between groups (p<0.001) was also observed. Conclusion: HR of individuals with DS varied throughout the dental appointment, and they also had a higher prevalence of uncooperative behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a spectrum of neurodevelopmental disorders that affect the brain development and functioning, by still unknown mechanisms. The estimated prevalence for ASD is one to two per thousand live births and these individuals present physical and psychological limitations that include delays in language development, difficulties in social interaction, communication and restricted and repetitive behaviors, and many may have intellectual disabilities. It is assumed that the oral health of ASD individuals is precarious, in part because of their limitations and little manual dexterity to perform health care, as well as the high consumption of foods with added sugar and prolonged retention of the food bolus in the oral cavity, which are observed in this population. The aim of this article is to present a review of the literature about the oral health conditions of autistic individuals. For the development of the present literature review, the MedLine / PubMed, Scopus and SciELO databases were searched. The articles were selected according to descriptors related to oral health and autism spectrum disorder. Lower caries prevalence in ASD individuals is reported in most of the studies, however, it is observed the need for longitudinal studies that can assess incidence and factors associated with dental caries in this population. Studies suggest that autistic individuals have worse periodontal conditions, and there is a lack of conditions associated with this higher prevalence. Despite the limited number of studies, autistic individuals do not appear to be more prone to dental trauma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: dentists often employ antimicrobial agents in their clinical practice in order to control infections of the oral cavity. The indiscriminate use of antimicrobials has triggered resistance bacterial. Objective: to determine the profile of surgeon dentists of Teresina in relation to perception and knowledge about bacterial resistance to antimicrobials and the rational use of these medicines in their clinical practice. Material and methods: questionnaires (semistructured) applied to professionals working in the city of Teresina. Professionals to participate were selected randomly through a list provided by the Regional Council of Dentistry of Piauí. Data was obtained out of 90 questionnaires fully answered, which constituted the final sample. Results: the majority of the respondents (78.9%) never sought to carry out refresher course in microbiology and/or pharmacology, and report that wish to update their knowledge through mainly scientific articles (51.1%) and congress (37,7%). As to the perception of the processes that can trigger in bacterial resistance to antimicrobials, with 74.2% of the participants consider that their clinical practice may result in processes adverse and 94.4% consider that the job of dosage correct is the primary means of preventing such processes. As to the situations that the more it is prescribed antimicrobials, dentists cited the inflammatory processes with systemic involvement (77.7%), invasive procedures in patients with heart valve (74.4%), abscesses dentoalveolares acute (68.9%), the treatment of pericoronarite (50%), antibiotic prophylaxis before extraction of third molars (47,8%), among others. Conclusions: participants showed deficiency in knowledge about the mechanisms of bacterial resistance and rational use of antimicrobial agents, prescribing in some unnecessary situations, suggesting the abuse in the use of the same. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Immature permanent teeth that evolve to pulp necrosis represent a challenge for endodontic treatment. Regenerative endodontics and pulp revascularization techniques appear as a dynamic and potentially ideal field for clinical therapy in teeth with incomplete root development. Objective: To review the literature on pulpal revascularization techniques in the treatment of teeth with absence of pulp vitality with immature root apex. Methods: The descriptors “pulp revascularization”, “pulp necrosis”, “immature permanent tooth”, “revascularization”, “revitalization”, “dental pulp” and “regeneration” were used to obtain articles in English that presented content available in full and published in the last 15 years. Works of case reports and/or series of cases were excluded. Conclusion: Reviewed articles presented a heterogeneity of results regarding the effectiveness of the pulp revascularization technique, since the established criteria for determining success varied among the authors. The material most commonly used in the technique used consists of the Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) in paste consistency applied on blood clot with induced formation inside the canal. A shortage of laboratory and clinical studies on pulp revascularization techniques and materials that support its indication has been observed, which represents a potential gap in the literature and requires caution in the indication of this technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]