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Miroculis (Miroculis) botafora sp. nov. (Figs 2A–E, 3A–C). Diagnosis: Miroculis (Miroculis) botafora sp. nov. can be distinguished from the other species of the genus by the following combination of characteristics. In the male: 1) dorsal portion of compound eyes on a short stalk (0.5× longer than wide); 2) dorsal portion of compound eyes with eight facets on the longest row (Figs 2B–C); 3) hyaline wings, with poorly developed hind wing costal projection; 4) fore- and hind wing with membrane hyaline (Figs 2A, C); 5) styliger plate with a deep medial excavation (Fig. 2D); 6) inner margin with a subdistomedial projection on apical ¼; 7) penes length approximately 1.8× length of forceps segment I, tubular and with apex slightly curved upward (Figs 2D, 2E, 3C). Descriptions. Male imago (Figs 2A–E, 3A–C). Measurements. Body: 5.50 mm; forewing: 5.20 mm; angularity of CuA portion: 98°; hind wing: 1.40mm. Foreleg: broken off and missing. Caudal filament: broken off and missing. Ratios. Wings: forewing width 0.4× fore wing length; hind wing length 0.3 fore wing length; hind wing width 0.5× hind wing length; fork on MA 2 of fore wing 0.5× total length of MA. Legs: broken off and missing. Genitalia: medial length of styliger plate 1.3× maximum width; lateral length of styliger plate 0.9× medial length of styliger plate. Forceps segment III 0.6× forceps segment II; forceps segment III 0.3× forceps segment I; forceps segment II 0.5× forceps segment I. Penes length approximately 1.8× forceps segment I. Coloration. General coloration: brown. Head. light brown. Compound eye with stalk orange, lighter toward apex; facets of upper portion light brown, separated by black grooves (Figs 2A–C). Ocelli white, surrounded with dark gray. Antenna translucent whitish. Thorax (Figs 2A, C). Pro-, meso- and metanotum brown. Pleura and sterna light brown. Wings (Figs 2A, C). Fore- and hind wing with hyaline membrane; cross and longitudinal veins brown. Legs: broken off and missing. Abdomen (Figs 2A, C). Terga translucent light brown with blackish marks on medial area of all segments; terga I to VI translucent washed with light brown, terga VI to IX brownish; terga I to VI with sublateral dark brown transversal band. Sterna translucent light brown (Fig. 2A). Genitalia (Figs 2D, E). Styliger plate brownish translucent. Forceps segment I washed with grayish brown, darker toward apex; segments II and III washed with grayish brown. Penes dark brown. Caudal filaments: broken off and missing. Morphology. Head. Posterior margin straight. Compound eye with upper portion on stalk of short length (0.5× longer than wide), separated from each other by distance subequal to maximal width of upper portion; dorsal surface circular, with eight facets in longest row (Figs 2B–C). Thorax. Wings: forewing with 3 cross veins basal to bulla between C and Sc; MP2 not connected to base of MP1 by cross vein; IMP connected to MP1 at base; CuA connected to CuP by one cross vein; ICu1 and ICu2 not connecting by cross vein; two A veins (Fig. 3A). Hind wing with fork of R+MA asymmetric; CuP present; costal projection poorly developed; distal margin slightly acute (Fig. 3B). Abdomen. Genitalia: posterior margin of styliger plate with deep medial excavation. Forceps segment I narrowing gradually toward apex; inner margin with a subdistomedial projection on apical ¼ (Fig. 2D). Penes long, tubular, wider at base, narrowing gradually toward apex; presenting gonopore almost completely fused, with ventral sulcus in apical half of each lobe; apically curved upward (Figs 2D, E, 3C). Female imago and nymph. Unknown. Etymology. The name botafora is a reference to the type locality, the Bota Fora waterfall. Noun in apposition. Distribution. Brazil: Piauí State. Type material. Holotype: Ô imago Brazil, Piauí State, Piripiri municipality, Cachoeira do Bota Fora, S4°12′51.1′′, W41°40′01.7′′, 162m, 14.x.2017, Lima, R. C.L. col. (UFVB). Comments. Miroculis (Miroculis) botafora sp. nov. is morphologically similar to Miroculis fazzariensis Costa & Mariano 2013, mainly because both have a longitudinal groove connecting to the opening of gonopore. In M. (M.) botafora sp. nov., the gonopore groove is present from the apical half of each lobe, while in M. fazzariensis it is restricted to the apex of the penes. Besides, the penes length of the new species is 1.8× the forceps segment I, opposed 0.8 to 1.0× in M. fazzariensis.

Miroculis (Miroculis) quilombola sp. nov. (Figs 9A–E, 10A–D, 11A–D, 12A–F, 13A–D). Diagnosis: Miroculis (Miroculis) quilombola sp. nov. can be distinguished from the other species of the genus by the following combination of characteristics. In the nymph: 1) anterolateral margin of labrum rounded (Fig. 12A); 2) posterolateral spines present on segment IV or V–IX, more developed on VII–IX (Figs 9A, C); 3) gills with trachea unbranched, lengths of inner and outer margin of lamella subequal (Fig. 11D). In the male: 1) dorsal portion of compound eyes on a short stalk (1.2× longer than wide), with eight facets on the longest row (Figs 9A–C); 2) fore- and hind wing with membrane hyaline (Figs 9A, C); 3) posterior margin of styliger plate with a shallow medial excavation (Fig. 9D); 4) Penes brown approximately the length of forceps segment I, tubular, apically curved and excavated in ventral view, with about ten irregular spines on basal half in lateral view, gonopore on inner margin with ventral sulcus in the apical half (Figs 9D, E, 10C, D). Description. Male imago (Figs 9A–E, 10A–D) Measurements (n=2). Body: 4.5 mm; forewing: 4.4 mm; angularity of CuA portion: 98°; hind wing: 1 mm. Foreleg: 4.1 mm; mid leg: 2.2 mm; hind leg: 2.4 mm. Caudal filament: broken. Ratios. Wings: forewing width 0.3× fore wing length; hind wing length 0.2 fore wing length; hind wing width 0.5× hind wing length; fork on MA 2 of fore wing 0.4× total length of MA. Legs: segments of foreleg: 0.67: 1.00 (1.48 mm): 0.05: 0.21: 0.17: 0.14: 0.1; mid leg: 1.09: 1.00 (0.81 mm): 0.05: 0.05: 0.05: 0.12: 0.04; hind leg: 0.94: 1.00 (0.93 mm): 0.05: 0.05: 0.08: 0.09: 0.05. Genitalia: medial length of styliger plate 1.3× maximum width; lateral length of styliger plate 0.7× medial length of styliger plate. Forceps segment III 0.5× forceps segment II; forceps segment III 0.25× forceps segment I; forceps segment II 0.4× forceps segment I. Penis length approximately 1.06× forceps segment I. Coloration. General coloration: dark brown. Head. dark brown. Compound eye with stalk orange, facets of upper portion light brown, separated by dark grooves (Figs 9A–C). Ocelli white, surrounded with dark gray.Antenna, scape whitish, pedicel and flagellum dark gray. Thorax (Figs 9A, C). Pro, -meso and metanotum dark brown. Pleura dark brown, sterna light brown. Wings (Figs 9A–C). Fore- and hind wing with hyaline membrane; cross and longitudinal veins brown. Legs: foreleg with coxa and trochanter light brown; femur and tibia white washed with brown, femur and tibia with apical blackish band; tarsi light brown. Mid and hind legs with coxa and trochanter light brown; mid legs with femur and tibia apical blackish band; dorsal portion of midfemur with median brown mark; tibiae with apical blackish band. Abdomen (Figs 9A–C). Terga light brown with blackish marks on medial area from I–III and VI, VII segments; terga I to VI light brown washed with black, terga VII to IX brown washed with black; terga I to VI with sublateral dark brown transversal band. Sterna light brown (Fig. 9A). Genitalia (Figs 9D, E). Styliger plate brownish translucent. Forceps segment I light brown, darker toward apex; segments II gray; and segment III gray, lighter toward at apex. Penis brown. Caudal filament: light brown. Morphology. Head. Posterior margin medially triangular. Compound eye with upper portion on stalk of short length (1.2× longer than wide), separated from each other by distance subequal to the maximal width of an upper portion; dorsal surface circular, with eight facets in longest row (Figs 9A–C). Thorax. Wings: forewing with 2 cross veins basal to bulla between C and Sc; MP2 not connected to base of MP1 by cross vein; IMP connected to MP1 at base; CuA connected to CuP by one cross vein; ICu1 and ICu2 connected by one cross vein; two A veins (Fig. 10A). Hind wing with fork of R+MA symmetric; CuP present; costal projection poorly developed; distal margin rounded (Fig. 10B). Abdomen. Genitalia: posterior margin of styliger plate with shallow medial excavation. Forceps segment I narrowing gradually toward apex (Fig. 9D). Penis long, tubular, wider at base; medially wider with about ten irregular spines on basal half, narrowing gradually toward apex on lateral view; gonopore on inner margin of each lobe with ventral sulcus in apical half of each lobe; apically curved and excavated in ventral view (Figs 9D, E, 10C, D). Mature nymph (Figs 11A–D, 12A–F, 13A–D) Measurements (n=3). Body: 5.2 mm. Foreleg: 2.8 mm; mid leg: 2.9 mm; hind leg: 3 mm. Caudal filament: broken. Ratios. Mouthparts: segment III of maxillary palp 0.6× segment II; segment II 0.9× segment I; segment III of labial palp 0.6× segment II; segment III 0.6× segment I; segment II 0.9× segment I. Legs: width of forefemur 0.3× length; width of mid-femur 0.3× length. Abdomen: width of lamella of gill in its wider part 0.3× length of gill; length of medial filament of gill 0.6× length of lamella. Coloration. Body. Light brown. Head: dark brown, brown marks along epicranial and frontal sutures, grayish between compound eye and lateral ocellus; grayish mark among lateral and medial ocelli and antenna; antenna brown with flagellum grayish (Figs 11A, B). Labrum dark brown basally, lighter toward apex. Mandible yellowish brown, darker sub-basally; maxilla, hypopharynx, and labium washed with grayish brown (Figs 12A–F). Thorax: pro- and mesonotum brown white washed with gray, except for blackish brown marks on sublateral margins of mesonotum. Fore and hind wingpads yellowish brown (Figs 11A, B). Sterna pale yellow (Fig. 11C); mesosternum with dark gray marks on posterior margin.. Legs: pale yellow. Femora with subapical blackish mark on dorsal and ventral surfaces; tibiae with incomplete brown band sub-basally, and complete blackish band apically; tarsi washed with light brown (Figs 13A–D). Abdomen: terga brown; terga I–X with longitudinal grayish brown stripe anterosubmedially, terga I–III washed with gray, terga VII and VIII on submedial margin washed with grayish brown, terga IX and X slightly pale brown (Fig. 11A). Sterna pale yellow. Gills with membrane grayish and trachea gray (Fig. 11D). Morphology. Head: clypeus anteriorly concave; anterolateral margin of labrum rounded (Fig. 12A). Legs: subapical denticle of tarsal claws larger than remaining denticles (Fig. 13D). Abdomen: posterolateral spines present on segment IV or V–IX, more developed on VII–IX (Figs 9A, C); gills with trachea unbranched; lengths of inner and outer margin of lamella subequal (Fig. 9D). Life cycle association. Rearing. Biology. The nymphs were collected inhabiting leaves in a stream with about 6 m wide, moderate flow, and under an open canopy. Etymology. In Brazil, quilombolas are communities of descendants of enslaved Africans who have maintained cultural, religious and subsistence traditions for a few centuries. The new species was found in a stream from the quilombola community S„o Benedito dos Colocados. Noun in apposition. Distribution. Brazil: Maranh„o State. Type material. Holotype: Ô imago (reared, exuviae and male imago preserved in alcohol), Brazil, Maranhão State, Codó municipality, Rio Saco, S4°31″53.9″, W43°54′49.5″, 52m, 22.viii.2020, Nascimento, S.R.S. col. (INPAEPH000037). Paratypes: one Ô imago, same data as holotype (INPA-EPH000038); three Ô nymph, same data as holotype (INPA-EPH000039). Comments. Male imagos of Miroculis (Miroculis) quilombola sp. nov. are morphologically similar to M. (M.) fittkaui, by sharing similar posteromedian margin of styliger plate expanded with a shallow medial excavation, inner basal margin of forceps segment I corrugated, length and apex excavated of penes (or hooked). However, the male imago of the new species differs by having a forewing less wide basally and with membrane hyaline; penes with ten irregular spines basally in lateral view (Fig. 10C), opposed to basally with shallow crenulation in M. (M.) fittkaui (Fig. 58 in Savage 1983); and having the inner margin of forceps segment I without distomedial projection (Fig. 9D). Nymphs of M. (M.) quilombola sp. nov. resemble those of M. (M.) azevedoi sp. nov. because of tarsal claws with subapical denticle larger than the remaining denticles and anterior margin of labrum angular. However, M. (M.) quilombola sp. nov. has the color pattern of the abdomen without marks along the posterior margin on terga and gills with trachea unbranched (Fig. 11D), opposed to M. (M.) azevedoi sp. nov. that presents dark brown marks on abdominal terga I–VIII and gills with trachea branched., Published as part of Rodrigues, Jackson A. O., Nascimento, Stênio R. S., Raimundi, Erikcsen A. & Lima, Lucas R. C., 2023, New species and new records of Miroculis Edmunds, 1963 (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) from Chacoan Domain in northeastern Brazil, pp. 27-47 in Zootaxa 5230 (1) on pages 38-44, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5230.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7550447, {"references":["Savage, H. M. & Peters, W. L. (1983) Systematics of Miroculis and related genera from Northern South America (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae). Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 108, 491 - 600."]}

Miroculis (Miroculis) quilombola sp. nov. (Figs 9A–E, 10A–D, 11A–D, 12A–F, 13A–D). Diagnosis: Miroculis (Miroculis) quilombola sp. nov. can be distinguished from the other species of the genus by the following combination of characteristics. In the nymph: 1) anterolateral margin of labrum rounded (Fig. 12A); 2) posterolateral spines present on segment IV or V–IX, more developed on VII–IX (Figs 9A, C); 3) gills with trachea unbranched, lengths of inner and outer margin of lamella subequal (Fig. 11D). In the male: 1) dorsal portion of compound eyes on a short stalk (1.2× longer than wide), with eight facets on the longest row (Figs 9A–C); 2) fore- and hind wing with membrane hyaline (Figs 9A, C); 3) posterior margin of styliger plate with a shallow medial excavation (Fig. 9D); 4) Penes brown approximately the length of forceps segment I, tubular, apically curved and excavated in ventral view, with about ten irregular spines on basal half in lateral view, gonopore on inner margin with ventral sulcus in the apical half (Figs 9D, E, 10C, D). Description. Male imago (Figs 9A–E, 10A–D) Measurements (n=2). Body: 4.5 mm; forewing: 4.4 mm; angularity of CuA portion: 98°; hind wing: 1 mm. Foreleg: 4.1 mm; mid leg: 2.2 mm; hind leg: 2.4 mm. Caudal filament: broken. Ratios. Wings: forewing width 0.3× fore wing length; hind wing length 0.2 fore wing length; hind wing width 0.5× hind wing length; fork on MA 2 of fore wing 0.4× total length of MA. Legs: segments of foreleg: 0.67: 1.00 (1.48 mm): 0.05: 0.21: 0.17: 0.14: 0.1; mid leg: 1.09: 1.00 (0.81 mm): 0.05: 0.05: 0.05: 0.12: 0.04; hind leg: 0.94: 1.00 (0.93 mm): 0.05: 0.05: 0.08: 0.09: 0.05. Genitalia: medial length of styliger plate 1.3× maximum width; lateral length of styliger plate 0.7× medial length of styliger plate. Forceps segment III 0.5× forceps segment II; forceps segment III 0.25× forceps segment I; forceps segment II 0.4× forceps segment I. Penis length approximately 1.06× forceps segment I. Coloration. General coloration: dark brown. Head. dark brown. Compound eye with stalk orange, facets of upper portion light brown, separated by dark grooves (Figs 9A–C). Ocelli white, surrounded with dark gray.Antenna, scape whitish, pedicel and flagellum dark gray. Thorax (Figs 9A, C). Pro, -meso and metanotum dark brown. Pleura dark brown, sterna light brown. Wings (Figs 9A–C). Fore- and hind wing with hyaline membrane; cross and longitudinal veins brown. Legs: foreleg with coxa and trochanter light brown; femur and tibia white washed with brown, femur and tibia with apical blackish band; tarsi light brown. Mid and hind legs with coxa and trochanter light brown; mid legs with femur and tibia apical blackish band; dorsal portion of midfemur with median brown mark; tibiae with apical blackish band. Abdomen (Figs 9A–C). Terga light brown with blackish marks on medial area from I–III and VI, VII segments; terga I to VI light brown washed with black, terga VII to IX brown washed with black; terga I to VI with sublateral dark brown transversal band. Sterna light brown (Fig. 9A). Genitalia (Figs 9D, E). Styliger plate brownish translucent. Forceps segment I light brown, darker toward apex; segments II gray; and segment III gray, lighter toward at apex. Penis brown. Caudal filament: light brown. Morphology. Head. Posterior margin medially triangular. Compound eye with upper portion on stalk of short length (1.2× longer than wide), separated from each other by distance subequal to the maximal width of an upper portion; dorsal surface circular, with eight facets in longest row (Figs 9A–C). Thorax. Wings: forewing with 2 cross veins basal to bulla between C and Sc; MP2 not connected to base of MP1 by cross vein; IMP connected to MP1 at base; CuA connected to CuP by one cross vein; ICu1 and ICu2 connected by one cross vein; two A veins (Fig. 10A). Hind wing with fork of R+MA symmetric; CuP present; costal projection poorly developed; distal margin rounded (Fig. 10B). Abdomen. Genitalia: posterior margin of styliger plate with shallow medial excavation. Forceps segment I narrowing gradually toward apex (Fig. 9D). Penis long, tubular, wider at base; medially wider with about ten irregular spines on basal half, narrowing gradually toward apex on lateral view; gonopore on inner margin of each lobe with ventral sulcus in apical half of each lobe; apically curved and excavated in ventral view (Figs 9D, E, 10C, D). Mature nymph (Figs 11A–D, 12A–F, 13A–D) Measurements (n=3). Body: 5.2 mm. Foreleg: 2.8 mm; mid leg: 2.9 mm; hind leg: 3 mm. Caudal filament: broken. Ratios. Mouthparts: segment III of maxillary palp 0.6× segment II; segment II 0.9× segment I; segment III of labial palp 0.6× segment II; segment III 0.6× segment I; segment II 0.9× segment I. Legs: width of forefemur 0.3× length; width of mid-femur 0.3× length. Abdomen: width of lamella of gill in its wider part 0.3× length of gill; length of medial filament of gill 0.6× length of lamella. Coloration. Body. Light brown. Head: dark brown, brown marks along epicranial and frontal sutures, grayish between compound eye and lateral ocellus; grayish mark among lateral and medial ocelli and antenna; antenna brown with flagellum grayish (Figs 11A, B). Labrum dark brown basally, lighter toward apex. Mandible yellowish brown, darker sub-basally; maxilla, hypopharynx, and labium washed with grayish brown (Figs 12A–F). Thorax: pro- and mesonotum brown white washed with gray, except for blackish brown marks on sublateral margins of mesonotum. Fore and hind wingpads yellowish brown (Figs 11A, B). Sterna pale yellow (Fig. 11C); mesosternum with dark gray marks on posterior margin.. Legs: pale yellow. Femora with subapical blackish mark on dorsal and ventral surfaces; tibiae with incomplete brown band sub-basally, and complete blackish band apically; tarsi washed with light brown (Figs 13A–D). Abdomen: terga brown; terga I–X with longitudinal grayish brown stripe anterosubmedially, terga I–III washed with gray, terga VII and VIII on submedial margin washed with grayish brown, terga IX and X slightly pale brown (Fig. 11A). Sterna pale yellow. Gills with membrane grayish and trachea gray (Fig. 11D). Morphology. Head: clypeus anteriorly concave; anterolateral margin of labrum rounded (Fig. 12A). Legs: subapical denticle of tarsal claws larger than remaining denticles (Fig. 13D). Abdomen: posterolateral spines present on segment IV or V–IX, more developed on VII–IX (Figs 9A, C); gills with trachea unbranched; lengths of inner and outer margin of lamella subequal (Fig. 9D). Life cycle association. Rearing. Biology. The nymphs were collected inhabiting leaves in a stream with about 6 m wide, moderate flow, and under an open canopy. Etymology. In Brazil, quilombolas are communities of descendants of enslaved Africans who have maintained cultural, religious and subsistence traditions for a few centuries. The new species was found in a stream from the quilombola community S„o Benedito dos Colocados. Noun in apposition. Distribution. Brazil: Maranh„o State. Type material. Holotype: Ô imago (reared, exuviae and male imago preserved in alcohol), Brazil, Maranhão State, Codó municipality, Rio Saco, S4°31″53.9″, W43°54′49.5″, 52m, 22.viii.2020, Nascimento, S.R.S. col. (INPAEPH000037). Paratypes: one Ô imago, same data as holotype (INPA-EPH000038); three Ô nymph, same data as holotype (INPA-EPH000039). Comments. Male imagos of Miroculis (Miroculis) quilombola sp. nov. are morphologically similar to M. (M.) fittkaui, by sharing similar posteromedian margin of styliger plate expanded with a shallow medial excavation, inner basal margin of forceps segment I corrugated, length and apex excavated of penes (or hooked). However, the male imago of the new species differs by having a forewing less wide basally and with membrane hyaline; penes with ten irregular spines basally in lateral view (Fig. 10C), opposed to basally with shallow crenulation in M. (M.) fittkaui (Fig. 58 in Savage 1983); and having the inner margin of forceps segment I without distomedial projection (Fig. 9D). Nymphs of M. (M.) quilombola sp. nov. resemble those of M. (M.) azevedoi sp. nov. because of tarsal claws with subapical denticle larger than the remaining denticles and anterior margin of labrum angular. However, M. (M.) quilombola sp. nov. has the color pattern of the abdomen without marks along the posterior margin on terga and gills with trachea unbranched (Fig. 11D), opposed to M. (M.) azevedoi sp. nov. that presents dark brown marks on abdominal terga I–VIII and gills with trachea branched.

Miroculis (Miroculis) fittkaui Savage & Peters, 1983 Miroculis (Miroculis) fittkaui Savage & Peters, 1983: 529 (male and female imago); Savage, 1983: 130; Savage, 1987: 103 (male); Salles et al. 2010: 306; Salles & Lima, 2011: 58; Lima et al. 2012: 311; Massariol, Soares & Salles, 2014: 370; Campos et al. 2016: 310; Gama Neto et al. 2018: 36; Costa et al. 2018: 4. Distribution. Suriname and Venezuela. Brazil: Bahia (Campos et al. 2016), Espírito Santo (Salles et al. 2010), Pará (Savage & Peters 1983), Pernambuco (Lima et al. 2012) and Roraima (Gama Neto et al. 2018). Material examined. Two Ô imagos Brazil, Piauí State, Batalha municipality, Longá River, Pedra Dela, S3°54′51.7″, W42º06′37.8″, 68m, 10.xii.2015, Lima, L. R. C. col. (CEHJ). One Ô imago Brazil, Piauí State, Alto Longá municipality, Cachoeira da Campeira, S5°11′45.1′′, W42°15′33.9′′, 177m, 04.iii.2015, Lima, L. R. C. col. (CEHJ). One Ô imago Brazil, Piauí State, Piripiri municipality, Cachoeira do Bota-fora, S4°12′51.1′′, W41°40′01.7′′, 162m, 14.x.2017, Lima, L. R. C. col. (CEHJ); same data except Five Ô imagos, 10.ii.2018. Seven Ô imagos Brazil, Piauí State, Barras municipality, Longá River, near bridge at PI-110, S4°12′08.4′′, W42°14′21.2′′, 74m, 18.iv.2017, Lima, L. R. C col. (CEHJ). One Ô imago Brazil, Piauí State, Piripiri municipality, Cachoeira do Botafora, S4°12′51.1′′, W41°40′01.7′′, 162m, 14.x.2017, Lima, L. R. C. col. (CEHJ). One Ô imago Brazil, Piauí State, Piripiri municipality, Cachoeira das Tuncas, Povoado Corrente, S04⁰25 ′28.5′′, W41⁰38 ′35.2′′, 269m, 29.vi.2019, Lima, L. R. C. col. (CEHJ). Two Ô imagos Brazil, Piauí State, Pedro II municipality, Riacho Samambaia, acima da Cachoeira do Urubu Rei, S04°19′40.6′′, W41°27′46.4′′, 501m, 18.vi.2022, Lima, L. R.C col. (CEHJ). Comments. The specimens examined fit well with the descriptions given by Savage & Peters (1983) and Savage (1987). Adults and nymphs were collected in stream segments with altitude ranging from 160 to 500 m a.s.l. and with weak current, associated with substrate with leaves deposited on the bottom, in patches of dense and humid forest. The emergence of some adults was observed at 15:00. With this study, M. fittkaui is reported for the first time from Piauí State., Published as part of Rodrigues, Jackson A. O., Nascimento, Stênio R. S., Raimundi, Erikcsen A. & Lima, Lucas R. C., 2023, New species and new records of Miroculis Edmunds, 1963 (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) from Chacoan Domain in northeastern Brazil, pp. 27-47 in Zootaxa 5230 (1) on page 45, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5230.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7550447, {"references":["Savage, H. M. & Peters, W. L. (1983) Systematics of Miroculis and related genera from Northern South America (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae). Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 108, 491 - 600.","Savage, H. M. (1987) Two new species of Miroculis from Cerro de la Neblina, Venezuela with new distribution records for Miroculis fittkaui and Microphlebia surinamensis (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae). Aquatic Insects, 9, 97 - 108. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 01650428709361279","Salles, F. F., Nascimento, J. M. C., Massariol, F. C., Angeli, K. B., Barcelos-Silva, P., Rudio, J. A. & Boldrini, R. (2010) First survey of mayflies (Ephemeroptera, Insecta) from Espirito Santo State, Southeastern Brazil. Biota Neotropica, 10 (1), 293 - 307. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 1676 - 06032010000100025","Salles, F. F. & Lima, M. M. (2011) New species and new records of Miroculis Edmunds (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) from Southeastern Brazil. Zootaxa, 2740 (1), 53 - 58. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2740.1.5","Lima, L. R. C., Pinheiro, U. & Salles, F. F. (2012) Ephemeroptera (Insecta) from Pernambuco State, northeastern Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 56 (3), 304 - 314. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0085 - 56262012005000043","Massariol, F. C., Soares, E. D. G. & Salles, F. F. (2014) Conservation of mayflies (Insecta, Ephemeroptera) in Espirito Santo, southeastern Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 58 (4), 356 - 370. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0085 - 56262014000400002","Campos, R., Mariano, R. & Calor, A. R. (2016) Mayflies (Ephemeroptera) from Reserva Ecologica Michelin, Bahia, Brazil. Aquatic Insects, 37 (4), 303 - 315. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 01650424.2016.1267769","Gama Neto, J. L., Passos, M. A. B., Cruz, J. A. & Souza, N. T. (2018) New records of Ephemeroptera (Insecta) from Roraima State, Northern Brazil. EntomoBrasilis, 11 (1), 33 - 40. https: // doi. org / 10.12741 / ebrasilis. v 11 i 1.748","Costa, S. S., Souza, F. N., Nogueira, M. A., Santos, E. P., Sousa, M. M. L., Silva, V. A., Almeida, E. & Mariano, R. (2018) Leptophlebiidae (Insecta: Ephemeroptera) from State of Bahia, Brazil. Biota Neotropica, 18 (1), 1 - 6. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / 1676 - 0611 - BN- 2017 - 0386"]}

Miroculis (Miroculis) azevedoi sp. nov. (Figs 4A–E, 5A–E, 6A–D, 7A–F, 8A–D). Diagnosis: Miroculis (Miroculis) azevedoi sp. nov. can be distinguished from the other species of the genus by the following combination of characteristics. In the nymph: 1) labrum with anterolateral margin angular (Fig. 7A); 2) posterolateral spines on abdominal segments V–IX, more developed from VII to IX (Figs 4A, C); 3) gills narrow, with the lateral lobes present, and trachea branched (Fig. 4D). In the male: 1) dorsal portion of compound eyes on a medium stalk (1.2× longer than wide), with eight facets on the longest row (Figs 4C); 2) fore- and hind wing with membrane hyaline (Figs 4A, C); 3) styliger plate with posterior margin slightly concave (Fig. 4D); 4) penes length approximately 1.6× length of forceps segment I, tubular (Figs 4D, E, 5C, E), apically flattened and rounded in lateral view (Fig. 5D; medially with a minute spine (Fig. 5C). Description. Male imago (Figs 4A–E, 5A–E). Measurements (n=3). Body: 4.9 mm; forewing: 4.8 mm; angularity of CuA portion: 95°; hind wing: 1.3 mm. Foreleg: 5 mm; mid leg: 2.4 mm; hind leg: 3 mm. Caudal filament: broken. Ratios. Wings: forewing width 0.4× fore wing length; hind wing length 0.2 fore wing length; hind wing width 0.5× hind wing length; fork on MA 2 of fore wing 0.4× total length of MA. Legs: segments of foreleg: 0.73: 1.00 (1.75 mm): 0.03: 0.35: 0.25: 0.16: 0.11; mid leg: 1.11: 1.00 (0.9 mm): 0.07: 0.07: 0.06: 0.09: 0.08; hind leg: 0.94: 1.00 (1.22 mm): 0.05: 0.04: 0.04: 0.09: 0.06. Genitalia: medial length of styliger plate 1.5× maximum width; lateral length of styliger plate 0.9× medial length of styliger plate. Forceps segment III 0.8× forceps segment II; forceps segment III 0.4× forceps segment I; forceps segment II 0.5× forceps segment I. Penes length approximately 1.6× the forceps segment I. Coloration. General coloration: brown (dark brown in fresh material). Head. light brown. Compound eye with stalk orange; facets of upper portion orangish, separated by dark grooves (Figs 4A–C). Ocelli white, surrounded with dark gray. Antenna whitish washed with black. Thorax (Figs 4A, C). Pro, -meso and metanotum dark brown. Pleura and sterna light brown. Wings (Figs 4A, C). Fore- and hind wing with hyaline membrane; cross and longitudinal veins brown. Legs: foreleg with coxa and trochanter brown; femur and tibia white washed with brown, femur and tibia with apical blackish band; tarsi white to light brown. Mid and hind legs with trochanter and coxae light brown; dorsal portion of midfemur with median brown mark; tibiae with apical blackish band. Abdomen (Figs 4A, C). Terga translucent light brown with blackish marks on medial area of segments I – III and VI – VIII; terga I – VI washed with black, tergum VI with medial, triangular blackish mark; terga VII – X light brown (Fig. 4C). Sterna translucent light brown (Fig. 4A). Genitalia (Figs 4D, E). Styliger plate grayish translucent. Forceps segment I gray, whitish on apical area of inner margin; segments II gray with inner margin whitish; and segment III gray, lighter toward at apex. Penes brown. Caudal filament gray. Morphology. Head. Posterior margin straight. Compound eye with upper portion on a stalk of medium length (1.2× longer than wide), separated from each other by distance subequal to maximal width of upper portion; dorsal surface circular, with eight facets on longest row (Figs 4A–C). Thorax. Wings: forewing with 2 cross veins basal to bulla between C and Sc; MP2 connected to base of MP1 by one cross vein; IMP connected to MP1 at base; CuA connected to CuP by one cross vein; ICu1 and ICu2 not connecting by cross vein; two A veins (Fig. 5A). Hind wing with fork of R+MA symmetric; CuP present; costal projection poorly developed; distal margin rounded (Fig. 5B). Abdomen. Genitalia: posterior margin of styliger plate with posterior margin slightly concave. Forceps segment I narrowing gradually toward apex, with constriction at apex, without distomedial projection (Fig. 4D). Penes long, tubular, wider at base, narrowing gradually toward apex (Figs 4D, E, 5C, E); medially with minute spine on lateral view (Fig. 5C); apically flattened and rounded in lateral view and with apical gonopore on the inner margin of each lobe (Fig. 5D). Mature nymph (Figs 6A–D, 7A–F, 8A–D). Measurements (n=1). Body: 4.8 mm. Foreleg: 2.8 mm; mid leg: 3 mm; hind leg: 3.1 mm. Caudal filament: broken. Ratios. Mouthparts: segment III of maxillary palp 0.5× segment II; segment II 0.7× segment I; segment III of labial palp 0.3× segment II; segment III 0.2× segment I; segment II 0.8× segment I. Legs: width of forefemur 0.3× length; width of mid-femur 0.3× length. Abdomen: width of lamella of gill in its wider part 0.3× length of gill; length of medial filament of gill 0.6× length of lamella. Coloration. Body. Brownish. Head: brownish, pale brown marks along epicranial and frontal sutures, grayish between compound eye and lateral ocellus; grayish mark among lateral and medial ocelli and antenna; antenna brown with flagellum grayish (Figs 6A, B). Labrum brown basally, lighter toward apex. Mandible yellowish brown, darker basally; maxilla, hypopharynx, and labium washed with grayish yellow (Figs 7A–F). Thorax: pro- and mesonotum brown, except for dark brown marks on sublateral and anteromedial margins (Fig. 6A). Fore and hind wing pads yellowish brown (Figs 6A, B). Sterna yellowish, mesosternum with dark brown marks on posterior margin (Fig. 6C).. Legs: pale brown. Femora with subapical blackish mark on dorsal surface; tibiae with incomplete blackish band subbasally, and complete brown band apically; tarsi light brown (Figs 8A–D). Abdomen: terga light brown; terga I–X with longitudinal grayish stripe on anterosubmedial margin; terga I–VIII with dark brown marks along posterior margin (Fig. 6A). Sterna light brown. Gills with membrane grayish and trachea black (Fig. 6D). Morphology. Head: clypeus anteriorly concave; anterolateral margin of labrum angular (Fig. 7A). Legs: subapical denticle of tarsal claws larger than remaining denticles (Fig. 8D). Abdomen: posterolateral spines on abdominal segments V–IX, more developed from VII to IX (Figs 6A, C); gills narrow, with lateral lobes present and heavy branched tracheation (Fig. 6D). Life cycle association. Rearing. Biology. The nymphs were collected inhabiting leaves in a shallow stream with moderate flow and about 1 m wide. Etymology. We name this species in honor of Carlos Augusto Silva de Azevêdo for his friendship and important contribution to the knowledge about aquatic insects in Maranh„o State. Distribution. Brazil: Maranh„o State. Type Material. Holotype: Ô imago (reared, exuviae and male imago preserved in alcohol), Brazil, Maranhão State, Caxias municipality, Riacho Planaçucar, S4°54′24.8′′, W43°21′45.2′′, 71m, 25.x.2019, Nascimento, S.R.S. col. (INPA-EPH000034). Paratypes: two Ô subimagos, same data as holotype (INPA-EPH000036); one Ô nymph, same data as holotype (INPA-EPH000035). Comments. Miroculis (Miroculis) azevedoi sp. nov. is morphologically similar to Miroculis (Miroculis) botafora sp. nov. by sharing penes long and wider at base and by having a styliger plate expanded, with posterior margin concave. However, the male imago of M. (M.) azevedoi sp. nov. differs by having a penes apically flattened and rounded in lateral view, with a minute spine medially in ventral view, opposed to the penes presenting a gonopore almost completely fused, with ventral sulcus in the apical half of each lobe and apically curved upward in M. (M.) botafora sp. nov. Besides, in M. (M.) azevedoi sp. nov. the forceps segment I present a constriction at apex and there is no subdistomedial projection on the inner margin. Nymphs of M. (M.) azevedoi sp. nov. resemble those of M. (Atroari) nebulosus Savage, 1987 and M. yulieae Raimundi & Salles, 2017 because of the similarity of their branched gills and tarsal claws with subapical denticle larger than the remaining denticles. However, they differ from each other especially by the color pattern of abdomen and shape of anterolateral margin of labrum: angular in M. (M.) azevedoi sp. nov., rounded in M. nebulosus, and slightly angular in M. yulieae.

Miroculis (Miroculis) marauiae Savage & Peters, 1983 Distribution. Venezuela, Surinam and Brazil (Amazonas). New Record: Tocantins Material examined. BRAZIL, Tocantins, Palmas, distrito de Taquaru��u do Porto, fazenda Encantada, 10��16���48���S / 48��9���36���W, 26-30.viii.2017, hand net, Krolow, T. K. coll. (5♂, CEUFT); idem, vale do Vai Quem Quer, 10��22���0.9���S / 48��8���1���W, 27-30.viii.2019, white sheet light trap, Fernandes, A.S. and team cols. (4♂, CEUFT). Remarks. This report expands the range of the species 2000 km southeast from the type-locality. Part of the material was collected in flight using a hand net, and part was collected in a light trap. Males and females were flying approximately 40 cm above the ground. The samples were collected two years apart from each other in August, suggesting that month as a common period for flights. It was found in two sites, in areas with Cerrado influence., Published as part of Orlando, Thales Yann, Salles, Frederico Falc��o, Boldrini, Rafael & Krolow, Tiago K��tter, 2021, Updated records for Leptophlebiidae (Ephemeroptera) and a new species of Thraulodes Ulmer, 1920 from Tocantins State, Northern Brazil, pp. 39-55 in Zootaxa 5076 (1) on page 44, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5076.1.6, http://zenodo.org/record/5763298

Miroculis (Miroculis) sp. Distribution. Brazil (Tocantins). Material examined. BRAZIL, Tocantins, Palmas, distrito de Taquaru��u do Porto, vale do Vai Quem Quer, 10��22���0.9���S / 48��8���1���W, 13-14.xi.2017, white sheet light trap, Krolow, T. K coll. (1♂, CEUFT); 27-30.viii.2019, white sheet light trap, Fernandes, A.S. and team cols. (1♂, CEUFT) Remarks. These specimens have an uncommon form of genitalia, with long penes that are curved at base, with the styliger plate expanded and posterior margin straight. This species is similar to Miroculis (Miroculis) samba Costa, Almeida & Salles 2019 recorded from the State of Esp��rito Santo, Miroculis (Miroculis) wolverine Costa, Almeida & Salles 2019 recorded from Colombia, Miroculis (Miroculis) niltoi Oliveira, Campos & Calor 2020 recorded from the State of Bahia and Miroculis (Miroculis) boldrinii Raimundi, Dom��nguez & Salles 2021 recorded from the State of Amazonas because they all share this uncommon form of genitalia. This record probably represents an undescribed species, but due to the limited number of specimens, future analyses are necessary to confirm its status. It was found in only one site in an area with Cerrado influence., Published as part of Orlando, Thales Yann, Salles, Frederico Falc��o, Boldrini, Rafael & Krolow, Tiago K��tter, 2021, Updated records for Leptophlebiidae (Ephemeroptera) and a new species of Thraulodes Ulmer, 1920 from Tocantins State, Northern Brazil, pp. 39-55 in Zootaxa 5076 (1) on page 44, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5076.1.6, http://zenodo.org/record/5763298

Miroculis (Miroculis) boldrinii sp. nov. Figures 1–5; 6 Diagnosis. Miroculis (Miroculis) boldrinii sp. nov. differs from the other species of Miroculis by the following combination of characters. Male imago: 1) head orange strongly tinged with dark brown; 2) dorsal portion of compound eye on a short stalk, with the inner margin presenting a medial projection (Fig. 1) and dorsal surface with 20 facets on the longest row; 3) fore wing hyaline except for three wide dark brown transversal bands; 4) forceps segment II 0.24× forceps segment I; 5) forceps segment I with subdistomedial protuberance; and 6) forceps brown with inner margin paler on segments II and III. Description. Male imago—(in alcohol) Fig. 6. MEASURES (mm). Body: 6.0. Fore wing: 4.7; angularity of cubital region 94°; hind wing: 1.4. Fore and middle legs: broken off and missing; hind leg: 3.5. Penis: 0.8. Caudal filament: broken off and missing. RATIOS. Wings: Fore wing width 0.5× fore wing length; hind wing length 0.3× fore wing length; hind wing width 0.6 hind wing length; fork on MA 2 of fore wing 0.5× total length of MA. Legs: segments of hind leg: 0.92: 1.00 (1.41 mm): 0.07: 0.06: 0.06: 0.08. Genitalia: medial length of styliger plate 0.6× maximum width of styliger plate; lateral length of styliger plate 0.7× medial length of styliger plate; lateral length of styliger plate 1.1× lateral length of segment IX. Forceps segment III 0.7× segment II; segment III 0.3× segment I; segment II 0.4× segment I; penis length 1.5× forceps segment I. COLORATION: General coloration: orangish brown. Head: Orangish and strongly tinged with dark brown. Stalk of compound eye black; upper portion with facets separated by dark grooves. Ocellus white surrounded by gray. Antenna brownish. Thorax. Sclerites yellowish brown. Pleura pale; pleural sclerites tinged with dark gray. Ventral surface of cervix with a posteromedial dark gray spot. Pro, meso and metanotum tinged with brown, margins of sclerites darker. Wings (Figs 2–3): Fore wing hyaline marked with two evident wide brownish transversal bands (Fig. 2). Hind wing hyaline, brownish on apical ⅕ and around cross veins (Fig. 3). Legs. Hind leg whitish. Coxa and femur tinged with light brown; femur with dark brown complete band on median and subapical portions. Abdomen. Orangish brown, translucent and tinged with light brown. Tergum IX with posterior gray mark; terga I–VIII with postero-sublateral grayish brown triangular mark; grayish brown marks on posterolateral area of tergum I–VII, and on antero-sublateral areas of terga VI–VII. Sternites orangish brown, translucent; darker on I–VI; sternite X with lateral orangish marks. Spiracles brownish; tracheae gray. Genitalia (Figs 4–5): Styliger plate brown. Forceps brown, inner margin of forceps segment II and III lighter (Fig. 5). Penis dark brown medially, lighter toward base and apex. MORPHOLOGY. Head: posterior margin V-shaped. Upper portion of compound eye on short stalk (wider than long), separated medially by distance of one compound eye; medial projection of dorsal surface present (Fig. 1); dorsal surface elongated with 20 facets on longest row. Thorax: Wings (Figs 2–3). Three bullae visible; 14 cross veins between C and Sc, 10 distal to bulla; fork of MA strongly asymmetric; fork of MP slightly (Fig. 2). Hind wing with apex acute; costal projection poorly developed; Sc ends distally of apex of costal projection; fork of R+MA slightly asymmetric; MP free basaly; CuP present; Anal vein absent (Fig. 3). Genitalia (Figs 4–5): lateral view (Fig. 4); styliger plate with posteromedial portion concave. Forceps segment I with basal third broad, tapering gradually toward apex, and inner margin with subdistomedial portion broader (Fig. 5, arrow). Base of penis broad tapering abruptly toward apex; base of inner margin with row of spines (Fig. 5). Etymology. We name this species in honor of Rafael Boldrini for his friendship and important contribution to the knowledge of mayflies. Distribution. Brazil: Amazonas State. Material examined. HOLOTYPE: male imago: BRAZIL: Amazonas, Manaus municipality (Reserva Florestal Adolpho Ducke), 02°59’19.6’’S 59°56’48.3’’W, 69 m, 01–03.ii.2012, Vidovix T. A. S. leg., Malaise trap (INPA). PARATYPE: one male imago: same data as holotype (INPA); one male imago, Manaus municipality, 02º35’50.9’’S, 60º12’54.9’’W, 49 m, 09–12.xi.2008, Neiss. U.G.; Salles; F.F.; Vilela. P.; Laurindo. P., legs. (IBN, Tucumán, Argentina). Discussion. Miroculis (M.) boldrinii sp. nov. shares some characteristics with Miroculis (Miroculis) nebulosus Savage, 1987 such as a medial projection on the inner margin of the compound eye, basal half of penis broad and tapering abruptly toward the apex, and base of the styliger plate broader than apex. However, M. (M.) boldrinii sp. nov. differs from M. (M.) nebulosus by having 20 facets on the longest row of upper portion of compound eye, instead of 11–14 in M. (M.) nebulosus, by the presence of dense pigmentation on the membrane of fore wings and by the size of penis, shorter than the combination of the styliger plate and forceps in the new species. Fore wings of both species are also distinct; in M. (M.) boldrinii sp. nov. three wide and complete brown transversal bands are present, while in M. (M.) nebulosus these bands are narrower and incomplete.

Miroculis (Miroculis) boldrinii sp. nov. Figures 1���5; 6 Diagnosis. Miroculis (Miroculis) boldrinii sp. nov. differs from the other species of Miroculis by the following combination of characters. Male imago: 1) head orange strongly tinged with dark brown; 2) dorsal portion of compound eye on a short stalk, with the inner margin presenting a medial projection (Fig. 1) and dorsal surface with 20 facets on the longest row; 3) fore wing hyaline except for three wide dark brown transversal bands; 4) forceps segment II 0.24�� forceps segment I; 5) forceps segment I with subdistomedial protuberance; and 6) forceps brown with inner margin paler on segments II and III. Description. Male imago���(in alcohol) Fig. 6. MEASURES (mm). Body: 6.0. Fore wing: 4.7; angularity of cubital region 94��; hind wing: 1.4. Fore and middle legs: broken off and missing; hind leg: 3.5. Penis: 0.8. Caudal filament: broken off and missing. RATIOS. Wings: Fore wing width 0.5�� fore wing length; hind wing length 0.3�� fore wing length; hind wing width 0.6 hind wing length; fork on MA 2 of fore wing 0.5�� total length of MA. Legs: segments of hind leg: 0.92: 1.00 (1.41 mm): 0.07: 0.06: 0.06: 0.08. Genitalia: medial length of styliger plate 0.6�� maximum width of styliger plate; lateral length of styliger plate 0.7�� medial length of styliger plate; lateral length of styliger plate 1.1�� lateral length of segment IX. Forceps segment III 0.7�� segment II; segment III 0.3�� segment I; segment II 0.4�� segment I; penis length 1.5�� forceps segment I. COLORATION: General coloration: orangish brown. Head: Orangish and strongly tinged with dark brown. Stalk of compound eye black; upper portion with facets separated by dark grooves. Ocellus white surrounded by gray. Antenna brownish. Thorax. Sclerites yellowish brown. Pleura pale; pleural sclerites tinged with dark gray. Ventral surface of cervix with a posteromedial dark gray spot. Pro, meso and metanotum tinged with brown, margins of sclerites darker. Wings (Figs 2���3): Fore wing hyaline marked with two evident wide brownish transversal bands (Fig. 2). Hind wing hyaline, brownish on apical ⅕ and around cross veins (Fig. 3). Legs. Hind leg whitish. Coxa and femur tinged with light brown; femur with dark brown complete band on median and subapical portions. Abdomen. Orangish brown, translucent and tinged with light brown. Tergum IX with posterior gray mark; terga I���VIII with postero-sublateral grayish brown triangular mark; grayish brown marks on posterolateral area of tergum I���VII, and on antero-sublateral areas of terga VI���VII. Sternites orangish brown, translucent; darker on I���VI; sternite X with lateral orangish marks. Spiracles brownish; tracheae gray. Genitalia (Figs 4���5): Styliger plate brown. Forceps brown, inner margin of forceps segment II and III lighter (Fig. 5). Penis dark brown medially, lighter toward base and apex. MORPHOLOGY. Head: posterior margin V-shaped. Upper portion of compound eye on short stalk (wider than long), separated medially by distance of one compound eye; medial projection of dorsal surface present (Fig. 1); dorsal surface elongated with 20 facets on longest row. Thorax: Wings (Figs 2���3). Three bullae visible; 14 cross veins between C and Sc, 10 distal to bulla; fork of MA strongly asymmetric; fork of MP slightly (Fig. 2). Hind wing with apex acute; costal projection poorly developed; Sc ends distally of apex of costal projection; fork of R+MA slightly asymmetric; MP free basaly; CuP present; Anal vein absent (Fig. 3). Genitalia (Figs 4���5): lateral view (Fig. 4); styliger plate with posteromedial portion concave. Forceps segment I with basal third broad, tapering gradually toward apex, and inner margin with subdistomedial portion broader (Fig. 5, arrow). Base of penis broad tapering abruptly toward apex; base of inner margin with row of spines (Fig. 5). Etymology. We name this species in honor of Rafael Boldrini for his friendship and important contribution to the knowledge of mayflies. Distribution. Brazil: Amazonas State. Material examined. HOLOTYPE: male imago: BRAZIL: Amazonas, Manaus municipality (Reserva Florestal Adolpho Ducke), 02��59���19.6������S 59��56���48.3������W, 69 m, 01���03.ii.2012, Vidovix T. A. S. leg., Malaise trap (INPA). PARATYPE: one male imago: same data as holotype (INPA); one male imago, Manaus municipality, 02��35���50.9������S, 60��12���54.9������W, 49 m, 09���12.xi.2008, Neiss. U.G.; Salles; F.F.; Vilela. P.; Laurindo. P., legs. (IBN, Tucum��n, Argentina). Discussion. Miroculis (M.) boldrinii sp. nov. shares some characteristics with Miroculis (Miroculis) nebulosus Savage, 1987 such as a medial projection on the inner margin of the compound eye, basal half of penis broad and tapering abruptly toward the apex, and base of the styliger plate broader than apex. However, M. (M.) boldrinii sp. nov. differs from M. (M.) nebulosus by having 20 facets on the longest row of upper portion of compound eye, instead of 11���14 in M. (M.) nebulosus, by the presence of dense pigmentation on the membrane of fore wings and by the size of penis, shorter than the combination of the styliger plate and forceps in the new species. Fore wings of both species are also distinct; in M. (M.) boldrinii sp. nov. three wide and complete brown transversal bands are present, while in M. (M.) nebulosus these bands are narrower and incomplete., Published as part of Raimundi, Erikcsen Augusto, Dom��nguez, Eduardo & Salles, Frederico Falc��o, 2021, Description of a new species, nymphs of two known species and a new record of Miroculis Edmunds, 1963 (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) from Brazil, pp. 384-392 in Zootaxa 4963 (2) on pages 384-387, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4963.2.9, http://zenodo.org/record/4701027, {"references":["Savage, H. M. (1987) Two new species of Miroculis from Cerro de la Neblina, Venezuela with new distribution records for Miroculis fittkaui and Microphlebia surinamensis (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae). Aquatic Insects, 9, 97 - 108. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 01650428709361279"]}

Miroculis (Ommaethus) misionensis Dom��nguez 2007 Figures 8; 12 Miroculis (Ommaethus) misionensis Dom��nguez, 2007: 99 (male and female imago). Diagnosis. The nymph of Miroculis (O.) misionensis differs from the remaining species of Miroculis by the following combination of characters: 1) labrum with anterolateral margin rounded; 2) maxilla with 53 pectinate setae along subapical margin; 3) posterolateral spines on abdominal segments V���IX, more developed from VII to IX; and 4) gills broad, with the lateral lobes present and trachea unbranched. Description. Mature nymph (exuviae)���in alcohol. MEASURES (mm). Body: 5.9. Thorax: fore leg: 3.0; middle leg: 2.8; hind leg: 3.1. RATIOS. Mouthparts: segment III of maxillary palp 0.3�� segment II; segment II 1.2�� segment I; segment III of labial palp 0.5�� segment I; (segment I of labial palp damaged). Legs: width of fore femur 0.4�� length; width of hind-femur 0.4�� length. Abdomen: width of lamella of gill in its wider part 0.17�� length of gill (Fig. 12); length of medial filament of gill 0.8�� length of gill body. COLORATION. Body. Thorax: pattern of marks as in male imago, with posterior margin of all segments dark, terga II���VII with U-shaped lateral marks on each segment and tergum VII with submedial longitudinal lines. Legs: pattern of marks as in male imago, except for sub-basal band on tibiae; femora with no subapical marks on dorsal and ventral surfaces. Abdomen: pattern of marks as in male imago (Dom��nguez, 2007). Gills with inner margin of membrane darker than outer margin. MORPHOLOGY. Head: clypeus anteriorly concave; anterolateral margin of labrum rounded (Fig. 8); maxilla with 53 pectinate setae along subapical margin. Abdomen: posterolateral spines present on segments V���IX, more developed on VII���IX. Gills broad, with lateral lobes present and length of inner and outer margin of lamella subequal; with trachea unbranched (Fig. 12). Male imago. Properly described by Dom��nguez (2007) with the additional information: RATIOS. Forceps with segment III 0.9 �� segment II; forceps with segment II 0.4 �� segment I; styliger plate with lateral length 0.5 �� medial width; penis length 0.8 �� length of forceps segment I. MORPHOLOGY. Styliger plate with anterior margin straight; forceps segment II darker than segment I; 1/4 basal of forceps segment I broad narrowing abruptly toward apex. Material examined. BRAZIL: Santa Catarina: 1 male imago and nymphal exuviae, Erval Velho municipality, 27��19���54.1������S, 51��19���21.2������W, 760m, 18.ix.2011, Pes, A.; Boldrini, R.; Cruz, P.; Hamada, N. col, reared. Distribution. ARGENTINA: Misiones. BRAZIL: Santa Catarina. Biological aspects. Originally collected in a protected area (Parque Provincial de Urugua-��, Misiones, Argentina; Dom��nguez 2007; Manzo et al. 2014), and in low altitudes (from 271 to 410 m.a.s.l.), the nymph collected in Brazil was found in a medium order river surrounded by agricultural areas with relatively higher altitude (760 m. a.s.l.). The substrate was rocky and with particulate organic matter. The species, so far, is distributed in the Atlantic Forest biome., Published as part of Raimundi, Erikcsen Augusto, Dom��nguez, Eduardo & Salles, Frederico Falc��o, 2021, Description of a new species, nymphs of two known species and a new record of Miroculis Edmunds, 1963 (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) from Brazil, pp. 384-392 in Zootaxa 4963 (2) on pages 390-391, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4963.2.9, http://zenodo.org/record/4701027, {"references":["Dominguez, E. (2007) A new species of Miroculis (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) from NE Argentina. Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina, 66 (3 - 4), 99 - 102.","Manzo, V., Romero, F., Rueda Martin, P., Molineri, C., Nieto, C., Rodriguez, J. & Dominguez, E. (2014) Aquatic insects from Urugua-i Provincial Park, Misiones, Argentina. Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina, 73 (3 - 4), 155 - 170."]}

Miroculis (Miroculis) caparaoensis Salles & Lima 2011 Figures 7; 10; 13���14 Miroculis (Miroculis) caparaoensis Salles & Lima, 2011: 53 (male and female imago); Massariol, Soares & Salles, 2014: 370. Diagnosis. The nymph of Miroculis (M.) caparaoensis differs from the remaining species of Miroculis by the following combination of characters: 1) labrum with anterolateral margin rounded (Fig. 7); 2) maxilla with 56���61 pectinate setae along subapical margin; 3) posterolateral spines on abdominal segments V���IX, more developed from VII to IX; and 4) gills narrow, with the lateral lobes present, and trachea unbranched. Description. Mature nymph���in alcohol (Fig. 10). MEASUREMENTS (mm). Body: 4.7���5.1 Thorax: fore leg: 3.5���3.7; mid leg: 3.2���3.4; hind leg: 3.5���3.6. RATIOS. Mouthparts: segment III of maxillary palp 0.5�� segment II; segment II 1.0���1.2�� segment I; segment III of labial palp 0.4���0.5�� segment II; segment III 0.4���0.6�� segment I; segment II 1.2���1.4�� segment I. Legs: width of fore femur 0.3�� length; width of mid-femur 0.4���0.5�� length. Abdomen: width of lamella of gill in its wider part 0.13�� length of gill; length of medial filament of gill 0.9���1.0�� length of lamella. COLORATION. Body. Light brown. Head: yellowish brown, pale yellow marks along epicranial and frontal sutures, and between compound eye and lateral ocellus; grayish mark among lateral and medial ocelli and antenna; antenna brown with scape and flagellum lighter. Labrum brown basally, lighter toward apex. Mandible yellowish brown; maxilla, hypopharynx, and labium washed with grayish brown. Thorax: pro- and mesonotum yellowish brown, except for grayish brown marks on sublateral and anteromedial margins of pronotum. Sterna yellowish. Prosternum light yellowish with oblique gray mark sublaterally. Fore and hind wing pads pigmented. Legs: pale yellow. Femora with subapical gray mark on dorsal and ventral surfaces; tibiae with incomplete brown band subbasally, and complete brown band apically; tarsi washed with light brown. Abdomen: terga yellowish brown; terga I���X with longitudinal grayish brown stripe on anterosubmedial margin, and with grayish brown mark along posterior margin; terga I���VII with antero-sublateral brown band. Sterna light yellow; grayish brown marks sublaterally on sterna I���VII and submedial on sterna I���VIII. Gills with membrane grayish and trachea dark gray (Fig. 11). MORPHOLOGY. Head: clypeus anteriorly concave; anterolateral margin of labrum rounded (Fig. 7); maxilla with 56���61 pectinate setae along subapical margin. Abdomen: posterolateral spines present on segment IV or V���IX, more developed on VII���IX. Gills with trachea unbranched; lengths of inner and outer margin of lamella subequal (Fig. 11). Male and female imagos (Figs 13���14). Properly described by Salles & Lima (2011); additional information as follows. Male imago: MEASUREMENT (mm): fore wings: 5.9���7.3; hind wing: 1.6���2.3. RATIOS: lateral length of styliger plate: 0.5���0.7 lateral margin; penis length 0.7���0.8 forceps segment I. MORPHOLOGY: inner and outer margins of forceps with different types of rugosity (Fig. 13). In the inner margin they are short, high, with crenulated edges, and in the outer, they are long, low and with smooth edges (Fig. 14). Distribution. BRAZIL: Esp��rito Santo and Minas Gerais. Material examined. BRAZIL: Esp��rito Santo: 1 nymph (n), Alfredo Chaves, municipality, 20��32���58.9������S, 40��51���18.8������W, 566m, 31.i.2012, D-net sampler; 13n, I��na (Parque Nacional do Capara�� ��� PNC), 20��24���38.7������S, 41��50���3.6������W, 1976m, 13.x.2011, Raimundi, E. R.; Massariol, F.C., D-net sampler; 32n, Ibitirama (PNC), 20��23���48.1������S, 41��44���8.1������W, 1076m, 15.x.2011, Raimundi, E. R.; Massariol, F.C., D-net sampler; 9n, Ibitirama (PNC), 20��28���8.8������S, 41��43���22.5������W, 1063m, 21.iv.2008, D-net sampler; 13n, Ibitirama (PNC), 20��28���8.8������S, 41��43���22.5������W, 959m, 21.iv.2008, D-net sampler; 3n, Santa Teresa (border of Reserva Biol��gica Augusto Ruschi), 19��52���31.7������S, 40��31���47.3������W, 705m, 16.xi.2008, D-net sampler; 5n, Santa Teresa (border of Reserva Biol��gica Augusto Ruschi), 19��52���32.6������S, 40��31���49.8������W, 721m, 19.i.2008, D-net sampler. Minas Gerais: 10n, Alto Capara�� (PNC), 20��25���11.6������S, 41��50���11.6������W, 1309m, 12.x.2011, Raimundi, E. R.; Massariol, F.C., D-net sampler; 32n, Espera Feliz (PNC), 20��37���30.3������S, 41��49���27.1������W, 884m, 15.x.2011, Raimundi, E. R.; Massariol, F.C., D-net sampler; 44n, Alto Capara�� (PNC), 20��28���19.5������S, 41��49���41.7������W, 1972m, 16.x.2011, Raimundi, E. R.; Massariol, F.C., D-net sampler; 1n, Alto Capara�� (PNC), 20��28���57.1������S, 41��49���50.4������W, 1850m, 22.iv.2008, D-net sampler; 5n, Alto Capara�� (PNC), 20��25���11.6������S, 41��50���11.6������W, 1309m, 23.iii.2009, Raimundi, E. R.; Massariol, F.C., D-net sampler; 3n, Alto Capara�� (PNC), 20��27���21.4������S, 41��48������32.1������W, 2250m, 23.iv.2008, Raimundi, E. R.; Massariol, F.C., D-net sampler; 2n, Alto Capara�� (PNC), 20��28���52.6������S, 41��49���44.6������W, 1854m, 23.iv.2008, D-net sampler; 1n, Alto Capara�� (PNC), 20��28���57������S, 41��49���50.2������W, 1855m, 25.iii.2009, D-net sampler; 6♀, 4♂, Espera Feliz (PNC), 20��37���30.3���S, 41��49���27.1���W, 884m, 14.x.2011, Raimundi, EA; Massariol, FC, Insect Net. All the specimens are housed at UFVB. Biological aspects. Miroculis (M.) caparaoensis is distributed in the Atlantic Forest biome, mainly associated with protected areas (such as the Parque Nacional do Capara��) and adjacencies, including on the border of Reserva Biol��gica Augusto Ruschi, in altitudes from 566 to 2250 m.a.s.l. Nymphs occur in a range of small to large streams, but they always are associated with leaf litter, among rocky substrates, in weak to moderate current. A flight of M. (M.) caparaoensis was recorded between 5 and 6 PM, approximately 3m above ground, with an abundance of about 50 specimens, both male and female., Published as part of Raimundi, Erikcsen Augusto, Dom��nguez, Eduardo & Salles, Frederico Falc��o, 2021, Description of a new species, nymphs of two known species and a new record of Miroculis Edmunds, 1963 (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) from Brazil, pp. 384-392 in Zootaxa 4963 (2) on pages 387-390, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4963.2.9, http://zenodo.org/record/4701027, {"references":["Salles, F. F. & Lima, M. M. (2011) New species and new records of Miroculis Edmunds (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) from Southeastern Brazil. Zootaxa, 2470 (1), 53 - 58. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2740.1.5","Massariol, F. C., Soares, E. D. G. & Salles, F. F. (2014) Conservation of mayflies (Insecta, Ephemeroptera) in Espirito Santo, southeastern Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 58 (4), 356 - 370. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0085 - 56262014000400002"]}

Miroculis (Miroculis) niltoi Oliveira, Campos & Calor, sp. nov. (Figures 1���25) Diagnosis. Miroculis (Miroculis) niltoi sp. nov. can be distinguished from congeners by the following characteristics: Male imago: (i) median region of styliger plate cleft in ventral view (Fig. 4) and (ii) well-sclerotized ventrallydirected process on posteromedial margin of styliger plate (Figs 4���5). Female imago: (iii) egg guide long, reaching sternum IX (Fig. 8), and (iv) sternum IX about as long as wide, with shallow apical cleft and apex rounded (Fig. 9). Description. Male imago (Figures 1���5) MEASUREMENTS (mm). Body: 6.05���6.66 (n= 8); forewings: 5.28���5.65 (n= 7), angularity of cubital region: 96���105�� (n= 2); hind wing: 1.32���1.59 (n= 6); foreleg: 4.90 (n= 1); middle leg: 2.40���2.64 (n= 2); hind leg: 2.84���3.15 (n= 2); caudal filament: 10.71���11.43 (n= 2). RATIOS. Wings. Forewing width 0.38���0.43x forewing length; hind wing length 0.24���0.28x forewing length; hind wing width 0.42���0.56x hind wing length; forewing MA 2 fork 0.40���0.45x total MA length. Legs. Segments of foreleg: 0.66: 1.00 (1.85mm): 0.03: 0.36: 0.24: 0.17: 0.08; middle leg: 1.15: 1.00 (0.96mm): 0.05: 0.09: 0.04: 0.06: 0.09; hind leg: 1.12: 1.00 (1.02mm): 0.06: 0.09: 0.04: 0.05: 0.12. Genitalia. Styliger plate medial length 1.95���2.73x maximum width; lateral length 0.75���0.90x medial length; lateral length also 1.65���2.32x segment IX length. Forceps segment III length 0.58���0.73x forceps segment II length; forceps segment III length 0.24���0.31x forceps segment I length; forceps segment II length 0.39���0.43x forceps segment I length; penes length 2.70���4.70x forceps segment I length. COLORATION AND MORPHOLOGY. Body. Light yellow brown (Fig. 1). Head. Brown to dark brown, posterior margin V-shaped. Antenna with scape and pedicel brown to dark brown, flagellum brown, paler towards apex. Ocelli white with black ring on basal 2/3. Compound eye stalk yellow to light yellow, stalk as long as wide, without distomedial projection; upper portion separated by distance approximately equal to upper portion width; facets of upper portion yellow, separated by dark grooves, dorsal surface rounded, with 9���13 complete facets in longest row; lower portion of compound eye black; upper and lower portions of compound eye not touching each other. Thorax. Pronotum light brown to brown, medially lighter, lateral margins darker. Mesonotum dark brown. Metanotum brown. Pleural sclerites brown, darker on margins, membrane washed with grey. Prosternum brown. Meso- and metasterna light brown, except mesosternal apophysis brown. Wings. Forewing with membrane hyaline, washed with light brown at base and on pterostigma (Fig. 2); bulla visible; up to five crossveins between C and Sc veins, basal to bulla; 8���19 crossveins between C and Sc veins and up to four forked crossveins distal to bulla; IMP connected to MP 1 and MP 2 by crossveins; MP 2 connected to MP 1 basally, sometimes not conspicuous; MP 2 connect- ed to CuA by crossvein; CuA and CuP connected by crossvein; CuP curving regularly; veins A 1 and A 2 connected basally by crossvein. Hind wing hyaline, washed with light brown at base and on apex of costal projection (Fig. 3); costal projection weakly developed; vein Sc ending on costal margin; hind wing apex acute to rounded; fork R+MA asymmetric or symmetric; vein CuP present. Legs. Foreleg brown, lighter towards apex, washed with dark grey on femur and tibia, tarsal claws dissimilar, one spine-like, one paddle-like. Middle and hind legs light yellow brown washed with dark grey on femur and tibia. Abdomen. Light brown. Tergum I dark grey, except medial line hyaline. Terga II���VII with anterior 1/3 hyaline, dark grey on posterior 2/3, median line hyaline. Terga VIII���X dark grey, terga IX���X overall color pattern sometimes lighter. Sternum I brown. Sterna II���X light yellow grey. Genitalia. Light yellow brown to yellow brown. Styliger plate light yellow brown, median region cleft, with well-sclerotized ventrally-directed process on posteromedial margin (Figs 4���5). Forceps segment I yellow brown on basal 2/3, dark grey on apical 1/3, subapical inner margin hyaline, medially narrow, outer margin with grooves, inner margin smooth, subapical inner margin not developed (Fig. 4); forceps segment II grey, medially narrow; forceps segment III grey, apex slightly acute on posterolateral inner margin. Penes light brown, bending dorsally towards apex (Fig. 5). Caudal filaments. Light yellow brown to brown. Female imago (Figures 6���9) MEASUREMENTS (mm). Body: 4.86���5.75 (n= 2); forewing: 5.32 (n= 1); hind wing: 1.11 (n= 1); legs and caudal filaments broken off and missing. RATIOS. Wings. Forewing width 0.41x forewing length; hind wing length 0.38x forewing length; hind wing width 0.50x hind wing length; forewing MA 2 fork 0.43x total MA length. Abdomen. Egg guide length 1.61x sternum VIII length; sternum IX length 1.09x sternum IX width; sternum IX with median cleft length 0.04x sternum IX length. COLORATION AND MORPHOLOGY. Body. Light yellow. Head. Light grey yellow, dark grey on edges, with two dark marks on posterior margin. Antenna with scape and pedicel washed with dark grey, flagellum broken off and missing. Ocelli white with black ring on basal 2/3. Compound eye black. Thorax. Pronotum light yellow, dark grey on edges. Meso- and metanota yellow brown, dark grey on sutures and edges. Pleural sclerites yellow brown, membrane washed with dark grey. Sterna light yellow brown, dark grey on edges. Wings. Forewing with membrane hyaline, washed with light brown at base and on pterostigma (Fig. 6); bulla visible; four crossveins between C and Sc veins basal to bulla; 14���16 crossveins between C and Sc veins, forked crossveins distal to bulla absent; IMP connected to MP 1 and MP 2 by crossveins; MP 2 connected to MP 1 basally; MP 2 connected to CuA by crossvein; CuA and CuP connected by crossvein; CuP curving regularly; veins A 1 and A 2 connected basally by crossvein. Hind wing hyaline, washed with light brown at base and on apex of costal projection (Fig. 7); costal projection developed; costal margin basal to costal projection almost straight; vein Sc ending on costal margin; hind wing apex acute; fork R+MA asymmetric; vein CuP present. Legs. Broken off and missing. Abdomen. Light yellow. Tergum I washed with dark grey, except by hyaline marks medially. Terga I���VII with median line hyaline, one pair of anterosubmedial hyaline marks. Terga I���VIII with posterior 2/3 washed with dark grey, darker on posterior margins. Terga IX���X hyaline, without apparent dark grey wash, tergum IX lighter than X. Sterna hyaline. Sterna I���IV each with median dark line and circular mark on anteromedial area, light dark grey on posterolateral region. Sternum VII with egg guide well-developed, reaching sternum IX, internal pair of egg ducts from segment V to VII (Fig. 8). Sternum IX about as long as wide (1.09x its width), with shallow cleft, apex rounded (Fig. 9). Final nymphal instar (Figures 10���24) MEASUREMENTS (mm). Body: 5.21���5.53 (n= 4); foreleg: 2.65���2.97 (n= 2); middle leg: 2.46���2.66 (n= 2); hind leg: 3.07���3.18 (n= 2); caudal filaments: 10.19 (n= 1). RATIOS. Mouthparts. Mandible width 0.72���0.77x its length. Maxillary palp III length 0.44���0.46x palp II length; palp III 0.60���0.66x palp I length; palp II length 1.33���1.42x palp I length. Labial palp I width 1.84���2.10x palp I length; palp III length 0.43���0.44x palp II length; palp III length 0.48���0.51x palp I length; palp II length 1.11���1.14x palp I length. Paraglossa length 1.00���1.06x width. Legs. forefemur width 0.34x length. Middle femur width 0.29x length. Hind femur width 0.27x length. Abdomen. Dorsal portion of gill IV with medial filament length 1.10x length of main gill body. COLORATION AND MORPHOLOGY. Body. Yellow brown in male, lighter in female. Head. Dark yellow brown, darker near antenna, hyaline surrounding ocelli. Antenna with scape and pedicel dark brown, flagellum brown, lighter towards apex. Ocelli white with black ring on basal 2/3. Upper portion of compound eye dark yellow brown, lower portion black. Epicranial suture hyaline. Clypeus slightly concave on anterior margin. Labrum anterolateral margins rounded (Fig. 10). Mandible with anterior 2/3 washed with brown (Figs 11���12), with curved row of setae medially. Hypopharynx superlingua with many setae on anterior margin (Fig. 13). Maxilla with ca. 25 pectinate setae in subapical row (Figs 14���15). Labium glossa bearing numerous setae (Fig. 16). Thorax. Yellow brown, darker on sutures, mesonotum, and forewing pads. Hind wing pads light yellow. Pleura washed with dark grey. Sterna lighter than terga in male, white in female. Legs. Hyaline, washed with grey. Coxa light yellow, except dorsal edge washed with dark grey. Trochanter light yellow, except posterolateral ventral edge washed with dark grey (Figs 17���19). Femur dark grey on median and apical regions, darker on apical region, dorsal and ventral edge with setae, longer on apical half of dorsal edge. Tibia dark grey, darker on basal region. Tarsi light yellow. Tarsal claw with subapical denticle much larger than other denticles. Foreleg color pattern darker than middle and hind legs. Abdomen. Light yellow brown. Male with tergum I washed with dark grey (Fig. 20). Terga II���III each with posterior 2/3 washed with dark grey, darker on posterolateral region. Terga IV���V each with posterior 1/3 washed with dark grey, posterolateral region washed on posterior 2/3, forming U-shaped wash. Terga VI���VIII each with posterior 2/3 washed with dark grey, darker on posterolateral margins, with submedial hyaline marks on posterior area. Tergum IX washed with light dark grey on medial and lateral areas, producing somewhat I-shaped hyaline mark. Tergum X washed with dark grey on margins. Median line hyaline on terga II���IX. Female abdominal color pattern as in male, except terga III���VII each with posterior 3/4 washed with dark grey, narrow hyaline mark medially, dark marks on sublateral areas (Fig. 21). Tergum VIII with medial region washed with dark grey, dark marks on anterosublateral and posterosublateral areas. Tergum IX washed with light dark grey, hyaline on medial region, producing V-shaped mark. Posterolateral spines on terga VI���IX, spines developed beyond posterior margins on terga VIII���X, spines well developed on tergum IX (Figs 20���21). Gills with black tracheae, membrane washed with dark grey (Fig. 22), trachea unbranched, dorsal portion with inner posterolateral projection more developed than outer projection. Dorsal portion of gill IV with medial filament length 1.10x length of gill body, apex of medial filament bifid (Fig. 23). Sterna hyaline, washed with white on sterna I���V, yellow brown on sterna VI���VIII, darker towards sternum VIII, and yellow on sternum IX. Developing penes visible, projected beyond the segment IX (Fig. 24). Type material: HOLOTYPE. 1♂ ��� BRAZIL: Bahia: Mucug��, 13��01���42.7������S, 41��22���03.2������W, 984m, 24.i.2018, UV light pan trap, Calor A.R., Duarte T., Barata S. & Oliveira I. (MZUSP). PARATYPES. 1♂, same data as ho- lotype (UFBA: E029); 1♂, same data as holotype (UFVB); 2♂, same data as holotype, except 12��59���44.9������S, 41��19���36.3������W, 974m, 12.vi.2015, Malaise trap, Dias. E. & Campos R. (UFBA: E016); 1♂, same data as holo- type, except 12��59���44.9������S, 41��19���36.3������W, 974m, D-net, v.2015, Campos R., reared (MZUSP); 1♂, same data as holotype, except 12��59���44.9������S, 41��19���36.3������W, 974m, viii.2015, Malaise trap, Calor A.R. et al. (UFVB); 2♂, same data as holotype, except 12��59���44.9������S, 41��19���36.3������W, 974m, 09.ii.2015, Malaise trap, Dias E. & Campos R. (MZUESC); 3♂, same data as holotype, except 12��59���44.9������S, 41��19���36.3������W, 974m, x.2015, Malaise trap, Calor A.R. et al. (MZUESC); 1♂, same data as holotype, except 12��59���44.9������S, 41��19���36.3������W, 974m, viii.2015, Malaise trap, Calor A.R. et al. (UFBA: E027); 1♂, same data as holotype, except 12��59���44.9������S, 41��19���36.3������W, 974m, 2015, Malaise trap, Dias E. & Campos R. (UFBA: E021); 2♂, same data as holotype, except, 12��59���44.9������S, 41��19���36.3������W, 974m, x.2015, Malaise trap, Calor A.R. et al. (UFVB); 1♂, same data as holotype, except 12��59���44.9������S, 41��19���36.3������W, 974m, 10.i.2015, Malaise trap, Dias E. & Campos R. (UFBA: E022); 1♀, same data as holotype, except, 12��59���44.9������S, 41��19���36.3������W, 974m, x.2015, Malaise trap, Calor A.R. et al. (MZUSP); 1♀, same data as holotype, except, 12��59���44.9������S, 41��19���36.3������W, 974m, x.2015, Malaise trap, Calor A.R. et al. (UFVB); 1 nymph, same data as holotype, except 12��59���51.9������S, 41��20���28.0������W, 950m, 05.viii���02.ix.2018, Me- deiros A. et al. (MZUSP); 1 nymph, same data as holotype, except 12��59���51.9������S, 41��20���28.0������W, 950m, 05.viii��� 02.ix.2018, Medeiros A. et al. (MZUSP); 2 nymphs, same data as holotype, except 12��59���51.9������S, 41��20���28.0������W, 950m, 05.viii���02.ix.2018, Medeiros A. et al. (MZUSP); 1 nymph, same data as holotype, except 12��59���51.9������S, 41��20���28.0������W, 950m, 05.viii���02.ix.2018, Medeiros A. et al. (UFVB); 1♂, same data as holotype, except Andara��, 12��57���0.81������S, 41��16���37.0������W, 871m, 20���21.i.2018, Pennsylvania trap, Calor A.R., Barata S., Oliveira I. & Duarte T. (MZUSP). Etymology. The specific name is in honor of Mr. Adenilton Oliveira, nicknamed ���Nilton��� by colleagues and friends. Nilton greatly supports scientific research in Parque Municipal de Mucug��, the type location of the new species, and performed a decisive contribution to our fieldtrips. Distribution. Brazil: Chapada Diamantina���s Complex (Caatinga), Northeast Brazil (Fig. 25). Life cycle association. Rearing. Discussion. Male imagos of Miroculis (Miroculis) niltoi sp. nov. are morphologically similar to Miroculis (Miroculis) samba Costa, Almeida & Salles, 2019 and Miroculis (Miroculis) wolverine Costa, Almeida & Salles, 2019, by sharing similar penes length and curvature and by having the styliger plate longer than sternite VIII. However, the male imago of M. (M.) niltoi sp. nov. differs by having a forewing with light brown areas at the base and on the pterostigma, in contrast to the forewing being pigmented with brown on the Rs fork, crossveins apical to bulla and crossveins on pterostigma as in M. (M.) samba and M. (M.) wolverine. In addition, the new species differs by having penes with a smooth curve basally in lateral view, as opposed to the sinuous curve of M. (M.) samba, and having the outer margin of forceps segment I grooved instead of smooth as in M. (M.) wolverine. Female imagos of M. (M.) niltoi sp. nov. are morphologically similar to those of M. (M.) samba by also having sternite IX with a shallow apical cleft. Nonetheless, the female imago of the new species differs from M. (M.) samba by the long egg guide, reaching sternum IX, as opposed to the wide egg guide, not reaching sternum IX, in M. (M.) samba. Additionally, the new species female exhibits a forewing that is pigmented with light brown only at the base and on the pterostigma, rather than pigmented with brown at the base, crossveins on pterostigma, and crossveins along the wing forming two conspicuous bands in M. (M.) samba. The final nymphal instars of M. (M.) niltoi sp. nov. are morphologically similar to those of Miroculis (Miroculis) fittkaui Savage & Peters, 1983 and M. (M.) samba due to similar shapes of posterolateral projections of gills IV and the dark grey wash on femur posterior region, respectively. However, the new species��� final nymphal instars differ by their overall abdominal color pattern, especially on tergum VI, with the apical 2/3 washed with dark grey, while M. (M.) fittkaui and M. (M.) samba exhibit a distinct brown black mark with inverted V-shape and a brown wash on tergum VI, respectively. Furthermore, the new species��� final nymphal instars have gills with the medial filament longer than the body of the gill, instead of shorter than the body of the gill, as in M. (M.) fittkaui and lateral lobes present rather than absent, as in M. (M.) samba. Although the taxonomy of nymphs within Miroculis is problematic, the final nymphal instars of M. (M.) niltoi sp. nov. can be distinguished by the following combination of characteristics: posterolateral spines on abdominal terga VI���IX, spines developed beyond the posterior margin of tergum on terga VIII���IX, spines well developed on tergum IX (Figs 20���21); dorsal portion of gill IV with medial filament length 1.10x length of gill body (Fig. 22); dorsal portion of gill IV with apex of medial filament bifid (Fig. 23); and developing penes visible, projected beyond the segment IX (Fig. 24). Biology. Although male penes morphology is intimately related with female genital aperture as both are directly associated to mating (Kluge 2004), here we report an observed positive correlation between penes and egg guide length in M. (M.) niltoi sp. nov. The female imago of the new species displays an extremely long egg guide (reaching sternum IX) in comparison with short egg guide (not reaching sternum IX) in female imagos of other species. Concurrently, the male imago possesses an extremely long paired penes, suggesting the accordant positive correlation of length of these genital structures in the new species. Imagos of M. (M.) niltoi sp. nov. were collected at dusk. Collection records suggests that the emergence pattern of the new species is nonseasonal, as is the case with many other tropical mayfly species. Specimens were collected throughout much of the year, especially January to February and July to August., Published as part of Oliveira, Ian, Campos, Rog��rio & Calor, Adolfo R., 2020, New species of Miroculis Edmunds, 1963 (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) based on nymphs and imagos from Chapada Diamantina's Complex, Northeast Brazil, pp. 543-554 in Zootaxa 4742 (3) on pages 544-553, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4742.3.8, http://zenodo.org/record/3678031, {"references":["Costa, V., Almeida, T. B. & Salles, F. F. (2019) Description of two related new species of Miroculis Edmunds, 1963 (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) from Brazil and Colombia. Zootaxa, 4695 (3), 283 - 294. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4695.3.3","Savage, H. M. & Peters, W. L. (1983) Systematics of Miroculis and related genera from Northern South America (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae). Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 108 (4), 491 - 600.","Kluge, N. (2004) The Phylogenetic System of Ephemeroptera. Springer, Dordrecht, 442 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 94 - 007 - 0872 - 3"]}

Miroculis wolverine, sp. nov. Costa, Almeida & Salles Diagnosis. The male imago of M. (M.) wolverine, sp. nov., can be distinguished from the other species of the genus by the following combination of characteristics: 1) dorsal portion of compound eyes on a long stalk and with distomedial process; 2) dorsal portion of compound eyes with seven facets on the longest row (Fig. 20); 3) forewings with membrane translucent, longitudinal and cross veins brown, area around cross veins pigmented with brown (Fig. 21); 4) penis length approximately 3.7× length of forceps segment I; 5) penis lobe blade-like in lateral view, abruptly widening on apical 1/2 and then narrowing toward apex (Fig. 23). Description. Male imago, holotype. LENGTHS (mm). Body: 5.4. Fore wing: 4.9; Angularity of CuA portion 92°; hind wing: 1.4. Fore leg: broken and missing; mid leg: 2.1; hind leg: 2.4. Caudal filament: broken and missing. RATIOS. Wings: Fore wing width 0.5× fore wing length; hind wing length 0.3× fore wing length; hind wing width 0.4× hind wing length; fork on MA2 of fore wing 0.4× total length of MA. Legs: segments of fore leg: broken and missing; mid leg: 1.05: 1.00 (0.90 mm): 0.06: 0.06: 0.03: 0.08: 0.03; hind leg: 1.00: 1.00 (1.03 mm) 0.06: 0.04: 0.05: 0.08: 0.05. Genitalia: medial length of styliger plate 2.4× its maximum width; lateral length of styliger plate 0.9× its medial length; forceps segment III 1.9× forceps segment II; forceps segment III 3.6× forceps segment I; forceps segment II 1.9× forceps segment I; penis length 3.7× forceps segment I. COLORATION. General coloration: brown. Head (Figs. 19 and 20): Orange washed with dark brown. Compound eye with stalk orange, darker toward apex; facets of upper portion orange, separated by black grooves. Ocelli white. Antenna dark brown. Thorax: Pronotum dark brown. Meso- and metanotum brown, lightening on medial line; pleura and sterna brown. Wings: forewings with hyaline membrane; Rs fork, cross veins apical to bulla, and cross veins on stigmatic area surrounded with brown; cross and longitudinal veins brown (Fig. 21a). Hind wing with membrane hyaline, cross veins brown (Fig. 21b). Legs: mid and hind legs with coxae and trochanters light brown; femora light brown with two blackish bands, one basal and one subapical; tibiae light brown with one subapical blackish band; tarsi whitish to light brown, fourth segment with blackish band. Abdomen (Figs. 17 and 18): terga I to V translucent washed with light brown, terga VI to IX dark brown, posterior margin of all terga darker; terga I to VI with sublateral dark brown transversal band. MORPHOLOGY: Head: posterior margin V-shaped. Compound eye with upper portion on a on a long stalk (1.1× longer than wide), separated from each other by a distance smaller than the maximal width of an upper portion; distomedial projection present; dorsal surface circular, with seven facets on the longest row. Wings (Fig. 21): fore wing with 5 cross veins basal to bulla between C and Sc; MP2 connected to base of MP1 by a cross vein; IMP free at base; CuA connected to CuP by a cross vein subbasally; ICu1 and ICu2 diverging close to wing margin; two A veins. Hind wing with apex roundly acute; fork of R+MA asymmetric; CuP absent. Genitalia (Fig. 23): Styliger plate with sinuous lateral margin; Forceps segment I narrowing gradually toward apex; penis lobe blade-like in lateral view, abruptly widening on apical 1/2 and then narrowing toward apex (Fig. 23). Etymology. The specific epithet alludes to Marvel Comics character Wolverine, as the penis of the new species resembles the retractable adamantium claw that emerge from the back of the superhero’s hand. Biology. Male imagos were collected flying very close to the stream, two meters above the ground. The swarm was at dusk and composed of only a few specimens, mostly male imagos. Bollo Liso stream is an affluent of the Manso River and is located at the East slope of the Cordillera Central in Colombia (Central Andes), altitude at the collecting site was approximately 800 meters above the sea level. Distribution. Colombia, Caldas: Norcasia (Fig. 24). Material examined. HOLOTYPE male imago: Colombia, Caldas, Norcasia, Berlín, Quebrada Bollo Liso, 5°35’16.4”N, 74°56’45.1”W, 09.xi.2017, F.F. Salles, L.G. Dias, J.F. Marulanda (CEBUC). PARATYPES: 2 male imagos, same data as holotype (UFVB).

Miroculis wolverine, sp. nov. Costa, Almeida & Salles Diagnosis. The male imago of M. (M.) wolverine, sp. nov., can be distinguished from the other species of the genus by the following combination of characteristics: 1) dorsal portion of compound eyes on a long stalk and with distomedial process; 2) dorsal portion of compound eyes with seven facets on the longest row (Fig. 20); 3) forewings with membrane translucent, longitudinal and cross veins brown, area around cross veins pigmented with brown (Fig. 21); 4) penis length approximately 3.7�� length of forceps segment I; 5) penis lobe blade-like in lateral view, abruptly widening on apical 1/2 and then narrowing toward apex (Fig. 23). Description. Male imago, holotype. LENGTHS (mm). Body: 5.4. Fore wing: 4.9; Angularity of CuA portion 92��; hind wing: 1.4. Fore leg: broken and missing; mid leg: 2.1; hind leg: 2.4. Caudal filament: broken and missing. RATIOS. Wings: Fore wing width 0.5�� fore wing length; hind wing length 0.3�� fore wing length; hind wing width 0.4�� hind wing length; fork on MA2 of fore wing 0.4�� total length of MA. Legs: segments of fore leg: broken and missing; mid leg: 1.05: 1.00 (0.90 mm): 0.06: 0.06: 0.03: 0.08: 0.03; hind leg: 1.00: 1.00 (1.03 mm) 0.06: 0.04: 0.05: 0.08: 0.05. Genitalia: medial length of styliger plate 2.4�� its maximum width; lateral length of styliger plate 0.9�� its medial length; forceps segment III 1.9�� forceps segment II; forceps segment III 3.6�� forceps segment I; forceps segment II 1.9�� forceps segment I; penis length 3.7�� forceps segment I. COLORATION. General coloration: brown. Head (Figs. 19 and 20): Orange washed with dark brown. Compound eye with stalk orange, darker toward apex; facets of upper portion orange, separated by black grooves. Ocelli white. Antenna dark brown. Thorax: Pronotum dark brown. Meso- and metanotum brown, lightening on medial line; pleura and sterna brown. Wings: forewings with hyaline membrane; Rs fork, cross veins apical to bulla, and cross veins on stigmatic area surrounded with brown; cross and longitudinal veins brown (Fig. 21a). Hind wing with membrane hyaline, cross veins brown (Fig. 21b). Legs: mid and hind legs with coxae and trochanters light brown; femora light brown with two blackish bands, one basal and one subapical; tibiae light brown with one subapical blackish band; tarsi whitish to light brown, fourth segment with blackish band. Abdomen (Figs. 17 and 18): terga I to V translucent washed with light brown, terga VI to IX dark brown, posterior margin of all terga darker; terga I to VI with sublateral dark brown transversal band. MORPHOLOGY: Head: posterior margin V-shaped. Compound eye with upper portion on a on a long stalk (1.1�� longer than wide), separated from each other by a distance smaller than the maximal width of an upper portion; distomedial projection present; dorsal surface circular, with seven facets on the longest row. Wings (Fig. 21): fore wing with 5 cross veins basal to bulla between C and Sc; MP2 connected to base of MP1 by a cross vein; IMP free at base; CuA connected to CuP by a cross vein subbasally; ICu1 and ICu2 diverging close to wing margin; two A veins. Hind wing with apex roundly acute; fork of R+MA asymmetric; CuP absent. Genitalia (Fig. 23): Styliger plate with sinuous lateral margin; Forceps segment I narrowing gradually toward apex; penis lobe blade-like in lateral view, abruptly widening on apical 1/2 and then narrowing toward apex (Fig. 23). Etymology. The specific epithet alludes to Marvel Comics character Wolverine, as the penis of the new species resembles the retractable adamantium claw that emerge from the back of the superhero���s hand. Biology. Male imagos were collected flying very close to the stream, two meters above the ground. The swarm was at dusk and composed of only a few specimens, mostly male imagos. Bollo Liso stream is an affluent of the Manso River and is located at the East slope of the Cordillera Central in Colombia (Central Andes), altitude at the collecting site was approximately 800 meters above the sea level. Distribution. Colombia, Caldas: Norcasia (Fig. 24). Material examined. HOLOTYPE male imago: Colombia, Caldas, Norcasia, Berl��n, Quebrada Bollo Liso, 5��35���16.4���N, 74��56���45.1���W, 09.xi.2017, F.F. Salles, L.G. Dias, J.F. Marulanda (CEBUC). PARATYPES: 2 male imagos, same data as holotype (UFVB)., Published as part of Costa, Vinicius, Almeida, Tais B. & Salles, Frederico F., 2019, Description of two related new species of Miroculis Edmunds, 1963 (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) from Brazil and Colombia, pp. 283-294 in Zootaxa 4695 (3) on pages 290-293, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4695.3.3, http://zenodo.org/record/3532619

Miroculis (M.) eldorado (Figs. 1 ���10) Diagnoses. Male imago: 1) forewing with membrane hyaline, distal area of costal and subcostal region lightly darker; 2) eleven facets in the longest row of upper portion of compound eye; 3) femora of all legs with an apical blackish band, hind femur with a medial blackish band; 4) penes long and thin, wider basally, length equal to segments I+II of forceps. Nymph: 1) anterolateral margin of labrum slightly flattened with lateral margins angular (Fig. 4); 2) Segment II of labial palp 1.15 x length of Segment I (Fig. 8); 3) Segment II of maxillary palp 1.34 x the length of Segment I (Fig. 7); 4) posterolateral spines on terga VIII���IX larger (Fig. 3); 5) gills with lateral lobes well-developed and trachea unbranched (Fig. 10). Mature nymph. Lengths. Body: 5.0��� 5.5 mm. Foreleg: 2.88 mm; middle leg: 2.72 mm; hind leg: 3.08 (all coxa and trochanter not included). Caudal filament: broken. Coloration (Figs. 1���3). Head: brown with pale area surrounding ocelli and eyes; lateral edges of genae darker; antenna with scape and flagellum pale yellow and pedicel darker. Eye: upper portion of turbinate eye reddish brown and lower portion black; ocelli apically purplish and basally blackish. Mouthparts: mandibles dark brown; maxillae pale yellow; hypopharynx pale yellow; labium light brown; submentum light brown. Thorax: pro-, meso-, and metanotum brown with medial pale yellow line; antelateroparapsidal sutures and sublateroscutum blackish (Fig. 1). Thoracic sterna whitish, except metasternum with anterior margin dark brown. Legs: pale yellow; femora with sub-apical blackish bands (Figs. 1, 2); ventral margin of tibia with blackish mark and subapical blackish band. Abdomen: abdominal terga I���X brown with a pair of medial macula and lateral blackish marks; tergum X darker; sterna pale yellow (Fig. 1). Gills gray and trachea blackish gray (Fig. 10). Caudal filaments pale yellow; basal portion of joint darker. Morphology, Head: clypeus concave anteriorly; labrum with anterolateral margin slightly flattened and lateral margins angular (Fig. 4); outer margin of mandibles curved (Figs. 5, 6); maxilla as in Fig. 7; inner margin of apex on SII of labial palp not acute (Fig. 8). Width of Labium palp Segment I 0.58 x length; Segment III length of labial palp 0.53 x length of Segment II and 0.61 x length of Segment I; Segment II length 1.15 x length of Segment I. Maxilla: Segment III of maxillary palp 0.44 x length of Segment II and 0.59 x length of Segment I; Segment II 1.34 x length of Segment I. Legs: Foreleg: width of femur 0.31 x length; width of tarsal claw 0.33 x length; midleg: width of femur 0.32 x length; hind leg: width of femur 0.31 x length. subapical denticle of tarsal claw of foreleg larger than the remaining denticles (Fig. 9). Abdomen: posterolateral spines on segments IV���IX (Fig. 3) (larger on segments VIII���IX). Gill: Length of medial filament 0.98 x length of body of gill; trachea unbranched, lateral lobes present, well-developed; inner lobe of dorsal lamella 3.7 x length of outer margin (Fig. 10). Life cycle association. Male imago reared from nymph. Distribution. Roraima State, Brazil. Material examined. One nymph, Brazil, Roraima, Amajari, Serra do Tepequ��m, Igarap�� Geladeira, 03��47'N / 61��45'W, 01.xi.2014, Boldrini, R. and Barroso, P.C.S. col. Two nymphs, Brazil, Roraima, Amajari, Serra do Tepequ��m, Igarap�� do Barata, 03��47'07.7"N / 61��45'02.6"W, 16.ii.2016, Boldrini, R. col. One male imago (reared, exuviae mounted on slides), Brazil, Roraima, Amajari, Serra do Tepequ��m, Igarap�� do Barata, 03��47'07.7"N / 61��45'02.6"W, 01.xii.2017, Boldrini, R. and Lima, L.R.C. col. Comments. The nymph of Miroculis (M.) eldorado, shares some similar characters with Miroculis (Atroari) amazonicus Savage & Peters and M. (Miroculis) fittkaui Savage & Peters, especially by having gills with grayish coloration and trachea unbranched, posterolateral lobes well-developed, and labrum with lateral margins angular (Fig. 4). However, M. (M.) eldorado can be differentiated from both by the posterolateral abdominal spines: on segments IV���IX in M. (M.) eldorado, II���IX in Miroculis (Atroari) amazonicus and M. (M.) fittkaui., Published as part of Boldrini, Rafael, Lima, Lucas Ramos Costa & Ottoni-Boldrini, Bianca Maira De Paiva, 2018, Description of the nymph of Miroculis (Miroculis) eldorado Gama-Neto & Hamada, 2014 (Leptophlebiidae: Ephemeroptera) from Roraima, northern Brazil, pp. 197-200 in Zootaxa 4459 (1) on pages 197-198, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4459.1.12, http://zenodo.org/record/1458332

Miroculis yulieae sp. nov. Raimundi & Salles Type material: HOLOTYPE: ♂��� BRAZIL: Mato Grosso: Nova Xavantina, 14��43'18.5''S, 52��21'37.8''W, 327m, 03.x.2012, Salles. F.F., Reared (CZNC: Ep-6745). PARATYPE: 1 ♀, same data as holotype (INPA: Ep-6746), Salles. F.F.; 5 ♂, same data as holotype, Salles. F.F., reared (four CZNC: Ep-6748, one INPA: Ep-6751); 4 n#, same data as holotype, except 03.x.2012, Salles. F.F., (three CZNC: Ep-6747, Ep-6749; one INPA: Ep-6750); 3 ♂, Mato Grosso: Nova Xavantina, 14��45'40''S, 52��33'11''W, 410m, 10.iv.2016, Salles. F.F. (CZNC: Ep-6752). Diagnosis. Miroculis yulieae sp. nov. can be differentiated from the other species of Miroculis by the following combination of characteristics: Male imago: 1) stalk of compound eye of intermediary length (1.4 x longer than wide) and with a distomedial projection; 2) fore wing with hyaline membrane and two orangish brown transversal bands, width about 0.5 x its length; 3) forceps washed with dark grey on apical third of segment I and light gray on segments II and III; 4) penis 1.2 x longer than segment I of forceps. Female imago: 1) fore wing with three brownish transversal bands; 2) hind wing 0.3 x length of fore wing; 3) sternum IX with deep median cleft. Mature nymph: 1) antenna translucent brown; 2) labial palp with segment II as long as segment I; 3) maxillary palp with segment II length 0.6 x segment I length; 4) abdominal spines on segments V-IX more developed than I-IV; 5) gills with lateral lobes well developed, orange-brown with branched trachea. Description. Male imago���Holotype (Figure 1) MEASURES (mm). Body: 6.0. Fore wing: 4.7; Angularity of CuA portion: 92��; hind wing: 1.5. Fore leg: 5.1; mid leg: 2.5; hind leg: 2.8. Caudal filament: 10.0. RATIOS. Wings: fore wing width 0.5 x fore wing length; fore wing length 0.3 x hind wing length; hind wing width 0.6 x hind wing length; fork on MA2 of fore wing 0.5 x total length of MA. Legs: segments of fore leg: 0.65: 1.00 (1.74 mm): 0.05: 0.40: 0.30: 0.18: 0.07; mid leg: 1.02: 1.00 (0.92 mm): 0.08: 0.08: 0.04: 0.04: 0.13; hind leg: 0.98: 1.00 (1.06 mm) 0.10: 0.06: 0.06: 0.03: 0.08. Genitalia: medial length of styliger plate 0.82 x maximum width of styliger plate; lateral length of styliger plate 0.74 x medial length of styliger plate; lateral length of styliger plate 0.61 x lateral length of segment IX. Forceps segment III length 0.67 x forceps segment II length; forceps segment III length 0.24 x forceps segment I length; forceps segment II length 0.35 x forceps segment I length; penis length 1.24 x forceps segment I length. COLORATION AND MORPHOLOGY. Body: dark orange brown. Head. Orange washed, with dark brown, posterior margin V-shaped. Compound eye with stalk dark orange washed with brown, darker toward apex; facets of upper portion orange, separated by black grooves; upper portion on a stalk of intermediary length (1.4 x longer than wide), separated from each other by a distance of about 2 x maximal width of an upper portion; distomedial projection on present; dorsal surface circular, with seven facets on the longest row. Lower portion of compound eye rounded. Ocelli white, dark grey along inner margin and orange along outer one. Antenna pale with scape and pedicel washed with brown. Thorax: pronotum grayish brown with a sublateral darker band. Meso- and metanotum grayish brown; anteronotal protuberance with a white mark basally; medioscutum strongly washed with black. Pleura and sterna gray. Wings (Figure 5-6): fore wing with hyaline membrane and two orangish brown transversal bands, cross and longitudinal veins surrounded with brown; five cross veins basal to bulla; 13 cross veins between C and Sc; MP and IMP free basally; MP2 connected to base of MP1 by cross vein; CuA connected to CuP by cross vein subbasally; two anal veins. Hind wing with hyaline membrane; brown around cross and longitudinal veins, and at apical fourth; apex rounded; fork of R+MA asymmetric; MP free basally; CuP present; A absent. Legs: Fore leg gray; femur with medial and subapical dark gray band; tibia dark gray subapically. Mid and hind leg resembling fore leg; lighter in general, dark gray marks reduced on femora and tibia washed with gray subapically; fore tarsal claw different, one hook-like spine and other rounded. Abdomen (Figure 1): terga gray; tergum I completely washed with dark gray; terga II-VIII with a transversal dark brown band on posteromedian portion, and ���L-like��� brown mark on posterolateral portion; terga IX-X grayish. Sterna translucent, slightly washed with gray. Genitalia (Figure 7): styliger plate translucent washed with brown. Forceps washed with dark grey on apical third of segment I and light gray on segments II and III; posteromedial margin slightly straight. Forceps segment I with half-basal portion larger narrowing gradually toward apex; inner and outer margins undulated; segment forceps I with projection without distomedial portion. Penis orangish brown; broad basally, narrowing toward apex; apex globose; a row of spines on inner margin present. Caudal filament: gray. VARIATIONS: Measures (mm). Body: 5.3. Fore wing: 4.9; hind wing: 1.12. Fore leg: 6.6; mid leg: 0.9 (tarsal claw broken off and missing); hind leg: 2.8. RATIO: Wings: fore wing length 0.2 hind wing length. Legs: segments of fore leg: 0.52: 1.00 (1.84 mm): 0.05: 0.31: 0.22: 0.26: 0.11; mid leg: 1.00: 1.00 (0.40 mm): 0.02: 0.01: 0.01: -: -. Genitalia: penis length 1.72x forceps segment I. COLORATION AND MORPHOLOGY: Body: pale to dark orange brown. Head: Compound eye with facets of upper portion orange, separated by dark brown grooves; distance of compound eyes about 1.5 x maximal width of an upper portion; dorsal surface circular with eight facets on the longest row. Wings: fore wing with four cross veins basal to bulla; 11 cross veins between C and Sc. Female imago���allotype (Figures 2���3). LENGTHS (mm). Body: 4.89. Fore wing: 4.58; hind wing: 1.37. Fore leg: 5.06; mid leg: 2.43; hind leg: 2.99. Caudal filament broken off and missing. RATIOS. Wings: Fore wings width 0.51xFore wings width; hind wing width 0.26xfore wings width; hind wing length 0.51xhind wing width; fork of MA2 of fore wing 0.45x total length of MA. Legs: segments of fore leg 0.93: 1.00 (0.81 mm): 0.09: 0.10: 0.10: 0.10: 0.15; segments of mid leg: 1.09: 1.00 (0.86 mm) 0.10: 0.06: 0.05: 0.05: 0.12; segments of hind leg: 0.97: 1.00 (1.15 mm) 0.07: 0.05: 0.06: 0.03: 0.11. Abdomen: sternum IX with length of median cleft 0.18x lateral length. COLORATION AND MORPHOLOGY. Body: brown washed with gray. Head: orangish brown washed with gray, darker on anterior and posterior margins; longitudinal brownish band between lateral ocelli; ventral surface with dark gray marks; lower portion of compound eye rounded. Antenna brownish gray. Thorax: cervix whitish. Pronotum washed with gray. Mesonotum with anterior pale spot on postero-scutal protuberance. Wings: fore wing with membrane hyaline; cross and longitudinal veins surrounded with brown; membrane with three brown transversal bands: one subbasal, one medial and another subapical; fore wing with four cross veins basal to bulla; cross vein connecting MP and CuA basal to fusion MP1 and MP2 absent; one anal vein. Legs: as in male imago, darker. Abdomen: terga translucent washed with gray; tergum X darker; terga II-VII with a posterosubmedian brown mark; terga I-VII with postero-sublateral brown mark. Sterna pale, washed with gray and darker than segments VII-X. Sternum IX with posterior margin V-shaped (Figure 8). Mature nymph (Figure 4) LENGTHS (mm). Body: 4.4. Fore leg: 3.3; mid leg: 3.2; hind leg: 3.4. Caudal filament: 5.4. RATIOS. Mouthparts: mandibles with width 0.8 x length; labial palp with width of segment I 0.8 x its length; segment III length 0.5 x segment II length; segment III length 0.5 x segment I length; segment II length 1.0 x segment I length; paraglossae length 1.7 x width; maxillary palp with segment III length 0.4 x segment II length; segment II length 0.3 x segment I length; segment II length 0.6 x segment I length. Legs: fore femur width 0.5 x its length; mid femur 0.4x its length; hind femur 0.4 x its length. Abdomen: dorsal gill IV with length of medial filament 1.0 x length of body of gill. COLORATION AND MORPHOLOGY. Body: brown washed with light orange. Head: brownish; pale between upper and lower portion of compound eye, around lateral ocellus and anterior tomedial ocellus; antenna transluscent brown; compound eye orangish brown; ocelli orangish brown; labrum brown with a medial light brown longitudinal band (Figure 9); hypopharynx hyaline; superlingua with a grayish band on outer margin. clypeus concave anteriorly; anterolateral margin of labrum slightly angular; maxilla with 32 pectinate setae along subapical margin. Thorax: pale, completely washed with light brown and with dark brown spots on lateral and medial portions of pronotum and along sublateral margin of mesonotum. Legs (Figures 10, 11, 12): pale. Coxa washed with dark brown; femora with a dark brown mark on medial and subapical portions; tibiae with two brown marks, one lighter subbasally and one darker subapically; tarsus with median brown mark. Tarsal claw with subapical denticle slightly larger than remaining. Abdomen: light yellow completely washed with light brown. Terga I-VIII and X with dark brown marks. Postero-lateral spines presents on segments III-IX, more developed on segments V-IX. Gills with membrane orangish brown and trachea dark brown; branched trachea; inner margin of lateral lobe 3x larger than outer (Figure 13). VARIATION: Lengths (mm). Body: 3.9. Fore leg: 2.6; mid leg: broken off and missing; hind leg: 2.6. Caudal filament: broken off and missing. Ratios. Mouthparts: mandible with width 0.8 x length; labium width of segment I 0.5 x length; labial palp with segment III 0.5 x segment II; segment II 0.2 x segment I; maxillary palp with segment III 0.5 x segment II; segment II 0.3 x segment I; segment II 0.6 x segment I. Legs: fore femur width 0.3 x length. Etymology: the name of species is in honor of Yulie Shimano Feitoza, friend and one of the researchers who strongly contributed to the study of mayflies from Mato Grosso. Distribution (Figure 14): BRAZIL: Mato Grosso, Nova Xavantina. Life cycle association: rearing., Published as part of Raimundi, Erikcsen A., Cabette, Helena R. S., Brasil, Leandro S. & Salles, Frederico F., 2017, A new species of Miroculis Edmunds, 1963 (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) from Cerrado-Amazonian forest transition zone, Brazil, pp. 271-278 in Zootaxa 4299 (2) on pages 272-276, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4299.2.7, http://zenodo.org/record/835956

Miroculis (Miroculis) cohnhafti sp. nov. Raimundi & Nascimento (Figs. 16���21) Diagnosis. Miroculis (Miroculis) cohnhafti sp. nov. differs from the other species of Miroculis by the following characteristics in the male imago: 1) compound eye with upper portion on a stalk of intermediate length (approximately as long as wide); 2) distomedial projection of compound eyes present (little developed in some specimens) (Fig. 16); 3) forewing with apical membrane between C and R pale (Fig. 18); 4) veins A1 and A2 free (Fig. 18); 5) forceps segment II with inner margin of apical portion broadened (Fig. 20). Description. Measurements (mm). Male imago. Body: 5.8; forewing: 4.6; angularity of cubital region 100��; hind wing: 1.2; fore leg: 4.0. Caudal filament: broken off and missing. Ratios. Wings: Forewing width 0.4 x forewing length; hind wing length 0.3 forewing wing length; hind wing width 0.46 hind wing length; fork on MA of forewing 0.5 x total length of MA. Legs: fore leg segments: 1.1: 1.00: (1.70 mm) 0.08: 0.62: 0.47: 0.26: 0.14. Genitalia: medial length of styliger plate 0.4 x maximum width of styliger plate; lateral length of styliger plate 1.0 x medial length of styliger plate; lateral length of styliger plate 0.4 x lateral length of segment IX. Forceps segment III 0.8 x segment II; segment III 0.3 x segment I; segment II 0.4 x segment I; penis length 0.9 x forceps segment I. Coloration (Figs. 17���20). Body: brownish. Head. Orangish brown, with dark brown marks ventrally. Compound eye with stalk orange, lighter toward apex; facets of upper portion orange, separated by dark brown grooves. Antenna: scape yellowish, pedicel brown and flagellum whitish translucent. Thorax: brown, sutures darker; membranous areas yellowish. Wings (Figs. 18���19): forewings with hyaline membrane; longitudinal veins brown, with C, SC and R darker; cross-veins brown, weakly developed. Hind wing with membrane hyaline; veins brown. Legs: Fore leg brownish; femur with medial blackish mark and subapical blackish band; tibia with a subapical blackish band. Mid and hind legs: coxae brown, remainder whitish brown; femora with a medial gray mark and subapical blackish band; tibiae with a subapical blackish mark. Abdomen: segments I ��� VI translucent brown, remainder orangish brown; terga with dark brown marks on medial and sublateral regions. Genitalia (Figs. 20���21). Styliger plate brown, washed with orange���yellow. Forceps brown slightly washed with orange, except basal 2/3 of segment I and apical region of segment III light brown. Penis brown washed with yellow. Caudal filament: whitish brown, darker basally on each segment. Morphology: Head: posterior margin V-shaped. Compound eye with upper portion on a stalk of intermediary length (approximately as long as wide); distomedial projection of compound eyes present; dorsal surface rounded, with 11 facets on the longest row. Lower portion of compound eye elliptic. Wings: forewing with three cross veins between C and Sc basal to bulla; 11 cross veins between C and Sc; IMP connected to MP1 and MP2 by a cross vein; MP2 connected to MP1 and CuA by cross veins; CuA connected to CuP by cross vein subbasally; veins A1 and A2 free. Hind wing with apex rounded, fork of R+MA symmetric, CuP present. Legs: fore tarsal claw different, one spine-like and other rounded. Genitalia: Styliger plate with posteromedial margin concave. Forceps segment I narrowing gradually toward apex without broad basal portion; inner and outer margins undulated; forceps segment II with inner margin broadened apically. Penis broad basally, narrowing toward apex; apex bifurcated (Fig. 21): inner bifurcation short and acute; outer bifurcation longer and rounded; without row of spines on inner margin. Etymology. This species is named in honor of Mario Cohn Haft, one of the organizers of the expedition to the Serra da Mocidade. Distribution: Brazil: Roraima State. Material examined: Holotype: male imago, BRAZIL, Roraima State, Caracara�� municipality, Serra da Mocidade National Park, 01��42���21.3���N / 061��47���04.7���W, 03���04.ii. 2016, Nascimento, J.M.C. col. (INPA). Paratypes: ten male imagos (same data as holotype) (five at INPA; five at CZNC). Five male imago, BRAZIL, Roraima State, Caracara�� Caracara�� municipality, Serra da Mocidade National Park, 01��36.240"N / 061��54.370'W, 15���25.i. 2016, Boldrini, R., Barroso, P.C.S. and Xavier, F.F. col. (UFRR). Comments: Miroculis (Miroculis) cohnhafti sp. nov. shares some characteristics with Miroculis (M.) stenopterus Lima, Raimundi, Pinheiro & Salles, 2014, Miroculis (M.) marauiae Savage & Peters, 1983 and Miroculis (M.) eldorado Gama-Neto & Hamada, 2014. These four species have the upper portion of the compound eyes on a stalk, forewings are hyaline without any pigmentation, distomedial portion of styliger plate is concave, or concave to slightly straight in M. (M.) marauiae, and hind wings are hyaline, but washed with brown on the base in M. (M.) stenopterus, absent in M. (M.) marauiae and in subcostal area in M. (M.) eldorado. Otherwise, Miroculis (M.) cohnhafti sp. nov. differs from these mentioned species above by distomedial projection of compound eyes present, while it is absent in the others species., Published as part of Boldrini, R., 2017, Three new species of Miroculis from the Serra da Mocidade National Park, Roraima State, Brazil, with new records and checklist of the Leptophlebiidae (Ephemeroptera), pp. 573-583 in Zootaxa 4317 (3) on pages 579-581, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4317.3.8, http://zenodo.org/record/884837, {"references":["Lima, L. R. C., Raimundi, E. A., Pinheiro, U. & SalleS, F. F. (2014) A new SpecieS of Miroculis EdmundS, 1963 (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) from NortheaStern Brazil. Zootaxa, 3795 (4), 441 - 448.","Gama-Neto, J. L. & Hamada, N. (2014) Leptophlebiidae (Ephemeroptera) of the Serra do Tepequem, Roraima State, Brazil: New recordS and deScription of two new SpecieS. Zootaxa, 3900 (2), 279 - 286."]}

Miroculis (Miroculis) xavieri sp. nov. Raimundi & Boldrini (Figs. 11���15) Diagnosis. Miroculis (Miroculis) xavieri sp. nov. differs from the other species of Miroculis by the following characteristics in the male imago: 1) distomedial projection of compound eyes absent; 2) forewing with brown areas along cross veins at base from Sc to MA and at MP; hind wing brown at apex and on cross veins basally (Figs. 12���13); 3) forceps washed with dark grey on apical third of segment I, and on segment II; 4) forceps segment I with basal half broad and tapering gradually toward apex; 5) penis broad basally, narrowing gradually toward apex. Description. Measurements (mm). Male imago. Body: 5.0; forewing: 5.0; angularity of cubital region 100��; hind wing: 1.5; legs: broken off and missing except for the right foreleg. Caudal filament: 11.0. Ratios. Wings: Forewing width 0.4 x forewing length; hind wing length 0.3 forewing length; hind wing width 0.5 x hind wing length; fork on MA of forewing 0.5 x total length of MA. Genitalia: medial length of styliger plate 0.5 x maximum width of styliger plate; lateral length of styliger plate 1.2 x medial length of styliger plate; lateral length of styliger plate 1.2 x lateral length of segment IX. Forceps segment III 0.9 x segment II; segment III 0.4 x segment I; segment II 0.4 x segment I; penis length 1.0 x forceps segment I. Coloration (Figs. 11���14). Body: brownish. Head. Orange, ventrally washed with dark brown. Compound eye with stalk orange, lighter toward apex; facets of upper portion orange, separated by dark brown grooves. Antenna pale washed with brown. Thorax: brown, darker on margins. Wings (Figs. 12���13): forewings with hyaline membrane and brown clouds along cross veins at base from Sc to MA and at MP. Hind wing with hyaline membrane; brown on apex and on cross veins basally. Legs: fore leg pale with dark brown marks on the middle and apex of femur. Abdomen: terga and sterna light brown; terga I���IX with a transversal dark brown band on posterolateral portion, and brown mark on posteromedian portion of terga VII���VIII. Genitalia (Fig. 14): brown. Styliger plate washed with dark brown. Forceps washed with dark grey on apical third of segments I and II. Penis brown. Caudal filament: brown, darker basally on each segment. Morphology: Head: posterior margin V-shaped. Compound eye with upper portion on a mid-stalk (as long as wide); distomedial projection of compound eyes absent; dorsal surface rounded, with ten facets in the longest row. Lower portion of compound eye elliptic. Wings: forewing with four to five cross veins between C and Sc basal to bulla; 11���14 cross veins between C and Sc; IMP free basally; MP2 connected to base of MP1 by cross vein; CuA connected to CuP by cross vein subbasally; veins A1 and A2 connected by a cross vein subbasally. Hind wing with apex slightly acute; fork of R+MA symmetrical; CuP present. Genitalia: Styliger plate with posteromedial margin convex. Forceps segment I with basal portion broad narrowing gradually toward apex, apical third of inner margin broad; inner margin undulated. Penis broad basally, narrowing gradually toward apex (Fig. 14); apex rounded (Fig. 15); a row of spines on base of inner margin absent. Etymology: We are honoured in naming this species to our friend Francisco F. Xavier Filho, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amaz��nia, in recognition of his extensive support in field trips to collect insects in the Amazonian region of Brazil. Distribution: Brazil: Roraima State. Material examined: Holotype: male imago, BRAZIL, Roraima State, Caracara�� municipality, Serra da Mocidade National Park, 01��42"N / 61��27'W, 25.i���06.ii 2016, Mahlmann, T. col. (CZNC). Paratype: three male imago, same data as holotype (CZNC). Four male imago, BRAZIL, Roraima State, Caracara�� municipality, Serra da Mocidade National Park, 01��42"N / 061��47'W, 25.i���06.ii. 2016, Oliveira, M., Mahlmann, T. and Xavier, F.F. col. (UFRR). Comments: Miroculis (Miroculis) xavieri sp. nov. shares some characteristics with Miroculis (Miroculis) nebulosus Savage, 1987 such as, compound eye with a short stalk (length 0.5 x width), forewing with MP2 connected to MP1 by a cross vein and IMP free basally; and hind wing brown apically (Fig. 13). However, M. (M.) xavieri sp. nov. differs from M. (M.) nebulosus by having a hyaline forewing with crossveins tinged brown, base of forceps segment I with basal third portion narrowing gradually toward apex and washed with dark gray on apical third, and penis as long as forceps segment I. Otherwise, M. (M.) nebulosus has the forewing completely washed with brown and with few hyaline areas, forceps segment I with basal third narrowing abruptly toward apex and equally pigmented as in the other segments, and penis longer than segment forceps I (1.5 x)., Published as part of Boldrini, R., 2017, Three new species of Miroculis from the Serra da Mocidade National Park, Roraima State, Brazil, with new records and checklist of the Leptophlebiidae (Ephemeroptera), pp. 573-583 in Zootaxa 4317 (3) on pages 577-579, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4317.3.8, http://zenodo.org/record/884837, {"references":["Savage, H. M. (1987) Two new SpecieS of Miroculis from Cerro de la Neblina, Venezuela with new diStribution recordS for Miroculis fittkaui and Microphlebia surinamensis (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae). Aquatic Insects, 9, 97 - 108. httpS: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 01650428709361279"]}

Miroculis (Miroculis) mocidade sp. nov. Raimundi, Boldrini & Nascimento (Figs. 6���10) Diagnosis. Miroculis (Miroculis) mocidade sp. nov. differs from the other species of Miroculis by the following characteristics in the male imago: 1) distomedial projection of compound eyes absent; 2) forewing with distal region washed with brown, hind wing with a tiny brownish spot on the base (Fig. 8); 3) forewing with vein A1 connected to A2; 4) forceps washed with brown; 5) forceps segment I with inner basal third narrowing abruptly, and inner subapical portion well broadened (Fig. 9); 6) penis broad basally, narrowing gradually toward apex; apex rounded (Fig. 10). Description. Measurements (mm). Male imago. Body: 6.0; forewing: 5.0, angularity of cubital region 98��; hind wing: 1.2. Fore leg: broken off and missing, except for coxa, trochanter, femora and tibiae; mid leg: 2.7; hind leg: broken off and missing. Caudal filament: 11.7. Ratios. Wings: Forewing width 0.5 x forewing length; hind wing length 0.3 x forewing length; hind wing width 0.5 hind wing length; fork on MA of forewing 0.5 x total length of MA. Genitalia: medial length of styliger plate 0.4 x maximum width of styliger plate; lateral length of styliger plate 1.2 x medial length of styliger plate; lateral length of styliger plate 0.7 x lateral length of segment IX. Forceps segment III 0.9 x segment II; segment III 0.4 x segment I; segment II 0.5 x segment I; penis length 1.2 x forceps segment I. Coloration (Figs. 6���9). Body: brownish. Head. Brown. Compound eye with stalk orange, lighter toward apex; facets of upper portion orange, separated by brown grooves. Antenna: scape and pedicel brown, flagellum light brown. Thorax: brown, darker on margins. Wings (Figs. 7���8): forewings with hyaline membrane, distal region washed with brown, cross veins surrounded by small brown areas. Hind wing with hyaline membrane with a tiny brownish cloud on the base. Legs: pale; fore leg with femur and tibia washed with light brown, apex of femur with a brown band; mid leg with a brown band on apex; hind leg with a brown stripe on mid region and a brown band on apex. Abdomen: whitish washed with light brown, segments VIII���X washed with brown. Genitalia (Fig. 9): whitish washed with brown. Penis washed with dark brown. Caudal filament: whitish washed with light brown, lighter toward apex. Morphology: Head: posterior margin V-shaped. Compound eye with upper portion on a short stalk (0.5 x longer than wide); distomedial projection of compound eyes absent; dorsal surface elliptic, with ten facets in the longest row. Lower portion of compound eye elliptic. Wings: forewing with five cross veins between C and Sc basal to bulla; 14���17 cross veins between C and Sc; IMP free basally; MP2 not or weakly connected to base of MP1 by cross vein; CuA connected to CuP by a cross vein subbasally; CuP and A1 connected by a cross vein subbasally; A1 connected to A2. Hind wing with apex slightly acute; fork of R+MA symmetrical; CuP present. Genitalia: Styliger plate with posteromedial margin concave. Forceps segment I with basal third broad tapering abruptly toward apex, and inner margin with subdistomedial portion broadened; inner and outer margins undulated. Penis broad narrowing gradually toward apex; apex rounded (Fig. 10); a row of spines on base of inner margin absent. Etymology: The specific epithet of the new species derives from the locality where the imagos were collected: Serra da Mocidade National Park. Distribution: Brazil: Roraima State. Material examined: Holotype: male imago, BRAZIL, Roraima State, Caracara�� municipality, Serra da Mocidade National Park, 01��42"N / 61��27'W, 25.i���06.ii.2016, Mahlmann, T. col. (CZNC). Paratypes: one male imago, BRAZIL, Roraima State, Caracara�� municipality, Serra da Mocidade National Park, 01��42"N / 061��47'W, 25.i���06.ii.2016, Oliveira, M., Mahlmann, T. and Xavier, F.F. col. (UFRR); two male imagos, same data as holotype, except by 01��42���17.3���N / 061��47���14.1���W, 01���02.ii.2016, Nascimento, J.M.C. (INPA). Comments. Miroculis (Miroculis) mocidade sp. nov. and Miroculis (Miroculis) fittkaui Savage & Peters, 1983 share a hyaline forewing which is pigmented in some parts of membrane especially around cross veins; and forceps segment I with subdistomedial broadened (Fig. 9). However, M. (M.) mocidade sp. nov. differs from M. (M.) fittkaui by displaying the hind wing with a tiny dark mark only in the base (Fig. 8) while in M. (M.) fittkaui the dark mark is in the base and the apex; by the forceps pigmented and pale in the inner margin of apical 2/3 of forceps segment I (Fig. 9), while M. (M.) fittkaui has only apex of forceps segment I; and by the shape of forceps segment I, M. (M.) mocidade has a short subdistomedial projection, with 1/ 4x length of forceps segment I, while M. (M.) fittkaui has a large subdistomedial projection, with 2/ 3x length of forceps segment I., Published as part of Boldrini, R., 2017, Three new species of Miroculis from the Serra da Mocidade National Park, Roraima State, Brazil, with new records and checklist of the Leptophlebiidae (Ephemeroptera), pp. 573-583 in Zootaxa 4317 (3) on pages 575-577, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4317.3.8, http://zenodo.org/record/884837

Miroculis (Miroculis) stenopterus, sp. nov. (Figs. 1–17) Diagnosis. Miroculis (M.) stenopterus, sp. nov., can be separated from all congeners by the following combination of characteristics. Male imago: 1) 13–14 facets in the longest row of upper portion of compound eye; 2) fore and hind wings hyaline washed with brown basally; 3) MP 2 free basally; 4) cubitoanal margin on forewing poorly developed; 5) styliger plate short, ½ length of sternite IX. Nymph: 1) anterolateral margin of labrum slightly flattened; 2) SII of labial palpi 1.01–1.04 x length of SI; 3) terga I–X with posterior blackish brown band and lateral markings; 4) terga VI–VII medially with a triangular, blackish macula; 5) posterolateral spines on terga VI–IX. Male imago. Lengths. Body: 3.3–3.5 mm; forewing: 4.0– 4.5 mm; angularity of cubitoanal region: 108 °; hind wing: 0.9 mm; foreleg: 2.4 mm; cercus: 8.5 mm. Ratios. Legs: segments of foreleg: 0.89: 1.00 (0.90 mm): 0.06: 0.20: 0.14: 0.09: 0.26. Wings: FWW 0.36 x FWL; HWL 0.20 x FWL; HWW: 0.62 x HWL; fork of MA 2 of forewing 0.54 x total length of MA. Genitalia: maximum length along median line 0.55 x maximum width; lateral margin 0.57 x maximum width; FSIII 1.11 x FSII; FSIII: 0.33 x FSI; PL: 0.86 x FSI. Coloration. Head: orangish-brown at base of eyes, washed with dark gray anteriorly, pale between ocelli (Fig. 1). Lower portion of compound eye black; stalk of upper portion light orange, with facets light yellow separated by dark brown grooves (Figs. 1–2). Ocelli white surrounded with black (Fig. 1). Antenna brown. Thorax: pronotum orangish-brown heavily washed with black on lateral margins. Meso- and metanotum dark orangish-brown with a V-shaped blackish mark between the posterior scutal projections. Pleura and sterna lightbrown with margins dark-brown. Wings: forewing with membrane hyaline washed with light brown near base; longitudinal veins brown with C, Sc and R darker, cross-veins weakly developed and brown (Fig. 3). Hind wing with membrane hyaline washed with light blackish brown near base; longitudinal and cross veins brownish (Fig. 4). Legs: foreleg yellowish translucent; anterior surface of femur with central blackish line, subapical blackish mark and apical brown band. Ventral margin of tibia with sub-basal gray mark and subapical blackish band, and tarsi with apical gray mark. Middle and hind legs with anterior surface of femora with blackish marks on apex of dorsal margin and on median region, and subapical blackish band. Subapical grayish band on tibiae. Dorsal margin of tibiae with apical grayish mark. Abdomen: terga pale washed with gray. Terga I and VIII–X completely washed with gray; anterior region of terga II–VII with submedial pale mark; third basal of terga II–VIII with transversal brownish mark; medial portion of terga II–VIII with longitudinal brownish stripe. Sterna pale; third basal of sterna I–IX with transversal grayish mark. Genitalia: styliger plate brown on posterior margin; forceps brown; dark brown on apical third of SI, on SII and on basal third of SIII; apex of SIII whitish (Fig. 5). Penis dark brown (Fig. 6). Caudal filaments: broken off and missing. Morphology. Head: upper portion of compound eye on a short stalk, separated medially by a distance approximately 0.7–0.8 x maximum width of an upper portion (Fig. 2). Medial projection on dorsal surface absent. Dorsal surface circular with 13–14 facets on longest row (Fig. 1). Wings: forewing with bulla visible; 5 cross-veins between C and Sc; fork of MA 2 slightly asymmetric; crossvein connecting MP and CuA basal to the fusion of MP 1 and MP 2 absent; MP, IMP, MP 2 and CuA free basally; two A veins slightly straight (Fig. 3). Hind wing with apex rounded; costal projection poorly developed; veins Sc ending distant to apex of costal projection; fork of R and MA asymmetric; MP free basally; CuP and A vein absent. Legs: claws of foreleg dissimilar, with one claw ending in hook-like projection and one blunt. Genitalia: posteromedial portion of styliger plate smoothly straight; median invagination present and medial incision absent; apex of FSII subequal in width to base of its segment; basal ¼ of inner margin of FSI narrowing abruptly; inner margin undulated and ¼ distal margin developed and outer margin smooth (Fig. 4). Penis wider basally, narrowing toward apex with apex rounded; row of spines absent (Fig. 5). Female Imago. Unknown. Mature nymph (tentative). Lengths. Body: 3.3–3.5 mm. Foreleg: 2.75 mm; middle leg: 2.54 mm (coxa and trochanter are left); hind leg broken off and missing. Cercus: 5.40 mm. Ratios. Head: width of mandible 0.60 x length. Width of SI of labium 0.52 x length; SIII of labial palp 0.39 x SII; SIII 0.52 x SI; SII 1.33 x SI; length of paraglossa 0.29 x width. Maxilla: SIII of maxillary palp 0.39 x SII; SIII 0.44 x SI; SII 1.13 x SI. Legs: foreleg: width of femur 0.33 x length; width of tarsal claw 0.29 x length; middleg: width of femur 0.33 x length; hind leg: width of femur 0.29 x length. Gill: length of medial filament 0.64 x length of body of gill. Coloration. Head: brown with pale area surrounding ocelli and eyes; lateral edges of genae blackish gray; antenna with scape and flagellum pale yellow and pedicel blackish gray (Fig. 7). Eye: upper portion of turbinate eye dark brown and lower portion blackish; ocelli apically purplish and basally blackish (Fig. 7). Mouthparts: mandibles brown (Fig. 11–12); maxillae light brown (Fig. 13); hypopharynx light brown; superlingua as in Fig. 14; labium light brown (Fig. 15); submentum light brown. Thorax: pro-, meso-, and metanotum brown with medial pale yellow line; meso- and metanotum with distinct “V” marks on medial area (Fig. 7). Thoracic sterna whitish, except metasternum with anterior margin dark. Legs: pale yellowish brown with femora with sub-apical and medial blackish bands (Fig. 16); ventral margin of tibia with blackish mark and subapical blackish band. Abdomen: abdominal terga I–X with posterior blackish brown band and lateral markings; terga VI–VII medially with a triangular, medial blackish macula; terga IX–X light brown with lateral minute markings; sterna pale yellowish brown (Figs. 7–9). Gills gray and trachea blackish gray (Fig. 17). Caudal filaments pale yellow; basal portion of joint darker. Morphology. Head: clypeus concave anteriorly; labrum with anterolateral margin slightly flattened and lateral margins rounded to angular (Fig. 10); outer margin of mandibles curved (Figs. 11–12); inner margin of apex on SII of labial palp not acute. Legs: subapical denticle of tarsal claw of foreleg larger than the remaining denticles (Fig. 17). Abdomen: posterolateral spines on segments VI–IX (Fig. 11); spines well-developed on segments VIII–IX. Gill: trachea unbranched (Fig. 18). Life cycle associations. The tentative association between male imago and nymph was made by shared abdominal color pattern. Besides that, both stages were collected in the same locality. Note that the holotype is a male imago. Etymology. The epithet stenopterus (from greek words stenos — narrow and pterus — wing) is due the uncommon shape of forewing for species of the genus Miroculis. Type material. Holotype: one male imago, Brazil, Pernambuco State, Amaraji, Rio Amaraji, near Usina Campo Belo, 8 ° 21 ' 48.9 "S, 35 ° 28 '49.0"W, 320m, 21.iv. 2012, L.R.C. Lima coll. (CZNC). Paratypes: same as holotype except 20.i. 2011, one male subimago (CZNC); same as preceding except 28.iv. 2012, one male imago (CZNC); same as preceding except 06.xii. 2012, three nymphs (CZNC). Two male imagos, Brazil, Pernambuco State, Amaraji, Rio Amaraji, Poço do Carreiro, 8 ° 22 ' 1.94 "S, 35 ° 28 ' 8.73 "W, 269m, 28.iv. 2012, L.R.C. Lima, W.R.M Souza cols. (CZNC). Additional material. One nymph, Brazil, Pernambuco State, Amaraji, Barragem Jaguarana, S 8 ° 21 '01.6", W 35 ° 24 ' 27.7 ", 265m, L.R.C. Lima coll (UFPE). Comments. The new species has an uncommon forewing shape for members of the genus Miroculis (i.e., long and slender, similar to the species of Microphlebia Savage & Peters, 1983). However, the new species and all species of Miroculis have a tent-shaped costal projection on hind wings (Fig. 4), while in Microphlebia this projection is well-developed, acute and rounded. Regarding the tarsal claw, the hook-like shape is common to the species of Microphlebia, Miroculitus Savage & Peters, 1983, Hermanellopsis (Spieth, 1943), and one species of Miroculis, M. (M.) bicoloratus Savage, 1987. Among the species of Miroculis, M. (M.) marauiae Savage & Peters, 1983 and M. (M.) rossi Edmunds, 1963 share similar characteristics with the imago of the new species, such as the upper portion of the eyes being on narrow, dorsally-directed stalks (Fig. 2); fore and hind wings without maculae around cross veins (Fig. 3–4); and penis not extending beyond forceps (Fig. 5). Nevertheless, the new species differs from M. (M.) rossi by the size of penis (0.8 x the length of SI of forceps in M. (M.) stenopterus, sp. nov., and 2.0– 2.2 in M. (M.) rossi), as well as the number of facets in the male compound eyes (14 facets in M. (M.) stenopterus, sp. nov., and six facets in M. (M.) rossi). Regarding M. (M.) marauiae, the shapes of the penis (not apically hooked in the new species) and the posteromedian margin of styliger plate (excavated medially in the new species) clearly distinguish them. In relation to nymphs, M. (M.) stenopterus, sp. nov., shares some similar characters with M. (M.) marauiae, M. (M.) brasiliaensis Savage & Peters, 1983, M. (M.) fittkau i and M. (Ommaethus) mourei Savage & Peters, 1983, especially by gills with coloration grayish and trachea unbranched (Fig. 18). Among them, M. (M.) marauiae is more similar to the new species by having a similar slight flattening of the anterolateral margin of the labrum, terga VI–VII with blackish maculae, and caudal filaments that are brownish-yellow and darker on the joints. However, M. (M.) marauiae can be differentiated from the new species by the following characteristics: SII of labial palpi 1.11–1.25 x length of SI (1.01–1.04 x on the new species), sterna I–IX with posterolateral corners brownish-black (sterna completely pale yellowish brown on new species) and posterolateral spines on terga III–IX (VI–IX on new species).

Miroculis (Miroculis) stenopterus, sp. nov. (Figs. 1���17) Diagnosis. Miroculis (M.) stenopterus, sp. nov., can be separated from all congeners by the following combination of characteristics. Male imago: 1) 13���14 facets in the longest row of upper portion of compound eye; 2) fore and hind wings hyaline washed with brown basally; 3) MP 2 free basally; 4) cubitoanal margin on forewing poorly developed; 5) styliger plate short, �� length of sternite IX. Nymph: 1) anterolateral margin of labrum slightly flattened; 2) SII of labial palpi 1.01���1.04 x length of SI; 3) terga I���X with posterior blackish brown band and lateral markings; 4) terga VI���VII medially with a triangular, blackish macula; 5) posterolateral spines on terga VI���IX. Male imago. Lengths. Body: 3.3���3.5 mm; forewing: 4.0��� 4.5 mm; angularity of cubitoanal region: 108 ��; hind wing: 0.9 mm; foreleg: 2.4 mm; cercus: 8.5 mm. Ratios. Legs: segments of foreleg: 0.89: 1.00 (0.90 mm): 0.06: 0.20: 0.14: 0.09: 0.26. Wings: FWW 0.36 x FWL; HWL 0.20 x FWL; HWW: 0.62 x HWL; fork of MA 2 of forewing 0.54 x total length of MA. Genitalia: maximum length along median line 0.55 x maximum width; lateral margin 0.57 x maximum width; FSIII 1.11 x FSII; FSIII: 0.33 x FSI; PL: 0.86 x FSI. Coloration. Head: orangish-brown at base of eyes, washed with dark gray anteriorly, pale between ocelli (Fig. 1). Lower portion of compound eye black; stalk of upper portion light orange, with facets light yellow separated by dark brown grooves (Figs. 1���2). Ocelli white surrounded with black (Fig. 1). Antenna brown. Thorax: pronotum orangish-brown heavily washed with black on lateral margins. Meso- and metanotum dark orangish-brown with a V-shaped blackish mark between the posterior scutal projections. Pleura and sterna lightbrown with margins dark-brown. Wings: forewing with membrane hyaline washed with light brown near base; longitudinal veins brown with C, Sc and R darker, cross-veins weakly developed and brown (Fig. 3). Hind wing with membrane hyaline washed with light blackish brown near base; longitudinal and cross veins brownish (Fig. 4). Legs: foreleg yellowish translucent; anterior surface of femur with central blackish line, subapical blackish mark and apical brown band. Ventral margin of tibia with sub-basal gray mark and subapical blackish band, and tarsi with apical gray mark. Middle and hind legs with anterior surface of femora with blackish marks on apex of dorsal margin and on median region, and subapical blackish band. Subapical grayish band on tibiae. Dorsal margin of tibiae with apical grayish mark. Abdomen: terga pale washed with gray. Terga I and VIII���X completely washed with gray; anterior region of terga II���VII with submedial pale mark; third basal of terga II���VIII with transversal brownish mark; medial portion of terga II���VIII with longitudinal brownish stripe. Sterna pale; third basal of sterna I���IX with transversal grayish mark. Genitalia: styliger plate brown on posterior margin; forceps brown; dark brown on apical third of SI, on SII and on basal third of SIII; apex of SIII whitish (Fig. 5). Penis dark brown (Fig. 6). Caudal filaments: broken off and missing. Morphology. Head: upper portion of compound eye on a short stalk, separated medially by a distance approximately 0.7���0.8 x maximum width of an upper portion (Fig. 2). Medial projection on dorsal surface absent. Dorsal surface circular with 13���14 facets on longest row (Fig. 1). Wings: forewing with bulla visible; 5 cross-veins between C and Sc; fork of MA 2 slightly asymmetric; crossvein connecting MP and CuA basal to the fusion of MP 1 and MP 2 absent; MP, IMP, MP 2 and CuA free basally; two A veins slightly straight (Fig. 3). Hind wing with apex rounded; costal projection poorly developed; veins Sc ending distant to apex of costal projection; fork of R and MA asymmetric; MP free basally; CuP and A vein absent. Legs: claws of foreleg dissimilar, with one claw ending in hook-like projection and one blunt. Genitalia: posteromedial portion of styliger plate smoothly straight; median invagination present and medial incision absent; apex of FSII subequal in width to base of its segment; basal �� of inner margin of FSI narrowing abruptly; inner margin undulated and �� distal margin developed and outer margin smooth (Fig. 4). Penis wider basally, narrowing toward apex with apex rounded; row of spines absent (Fig. 5). Female Imago. Unknown. Mature nymph (tentative). Lengths. Body: 3.3���3.5 mm. Foreleg: 2.75 mm; middle leg: 2.54 mm (coxa and trochanter are left); hind leg broken off and missing. Cercus: 5.40 mm. Ratios. Head: width of mandible 0.60 x length. Width of SI of labium 0.52 x length; SIII of labial palp 0.39 x SII; SIII 0.52 x SI; SII 1.33 x SI; length of paraglossa 0.29 x width. Maxilla: SIII of maxillary palp 0.39 x SII; SIII 0.44 x SI; SII 1.13 x SI. Legs: foreleg: width of femur 0.33 x length; width of tarsal claw 0.29 x length; middleg: width of femur 0.33 x length; hind leg: width of femur 0.29 x length. Gill: length of medial filament 0.64 x length of body of gill. Coloration. Head: brown with pale area surrounding ocelli and eyes; lateral edges of genae blackish gray; antenna with scape and flagellum pale yellow and pedicel blackish gray (Fig. 7). Eye: upper portion of turbinate eye dark brown and lower portion blackish; ocelli apically purplish and basally blackish (Fig. 7). Mouthparts: mandibles brown (Fig. 11���12); maxillae light brown (Fig. 13); hypopharynx light brown; superlingua as in Fig. 14; labium light brown (Fig. 15); submentum light brown. Thorax: pro-, meso-, and metanotum brown with medial pale yellow line; meso- and metanotum with distinct ���V��� marks on medial area (Fig. 7). Thoracic sterna whitish, except metasternum with anterior margin dark. Legs: pale yellowish brown with femora with sub-apical and medial blackish bands (Fig. 16); ventral margin of tibia with blackish mark and subapical blackish band. Abdomen: abdominal terga I���X with posterior blackish brown band and lateral markings; terga VI���VII medially with a triangular, medial blackish macula; terga IX���X light brown with lateral minute markings; sterna pale yellowish brown (Figs. 7���9). Gills gray and trachea blackish gray (Fig. 17). Caudal filaments pale yellow; basal portion of joint darker. Morphology. Head: clypeus concave anteriorly; labrum with anterolateral margin slightly flattened and lateral margins rounded to angular (Fig. 10); outer margin of mandibles curved (Figs. 11���12); inner margin of apex on SII of labial palp not acute. Legs: subapical denticle of tarsal claw of foreleg larger than the remaining denticles (Fig. 17). Abdomen: posterolateral spines on segments VI���IX (Fig. 11); spines well-developed on segments VIII���IX. Gill: trachea unbranched (Fig. 18). Life cycle associations. The tentative association between male imago and nymph was made by shared abdominal color pattern. Besides that, both stages were collected in the same locality. Note that the holotype is a male imago. Etymology. The epithet stenopterus (from greek words stenos ��� narrow and pterus ��� wing) is due the uncommon shape of forewing for species of the genus Miroculis. Type material. Holotype: one male imago, Brazil, Pernambuco State, Amaraji, Rio Amaraji, near Usina Campo Belo, 8 �� 21 ' 48.9 "S, 35 �� 28 '49.0"W, 320m, 21.iv. 2012, L.R.C. Lima coll. (CZNC). Paratypes: same as holotype except 20.i. 2011, one male subimago (CZNC); same as preceding except 28.iv. 2012, one male imago (CZNC); same as preceding except 06.xii. 2012, three nymphs (CZNC). Two male imagos, Brazil, Pernambuco State, Amaraji, Rio Amaraji, Po��o do Carreiro, 8 �� 22 ' 1.94 "S, 35 �� 28 ' 8.73 "W, 269m, 28.iv. 2012, L.R.C. Lima, W.R.M Souza cols. (CZNC). Additional material. One nymph, Brazil, Pernambuco State, Amaraji, Barragem Jaguarana, S 8 �� 21 '01.6", W 35 �� 24 ' 27.7 ", 265m, L.R.C. Lima coll (UFPE). Comments. The new species has an uncommon forewing shape for members of the genus Miroculis (i.e., long and slender, similar to the species of Microphlebia Savage & Peters, 1983). However, the new species and all species of Miroculis have a tent-shaped costal projection on hind wings (Fig. 4), while in Microphlebia this projection is well-developed, acute and rounded. Regarding the tarsal claw, the hook-like shape is common to the species of Microphlebia, Miroculitus Savage & Peters, 1983, Hermanellopsis (Spieth, 1943), and one species of Miroculis, M. (M.) bicoloratus Savage, 1987. Among the species of Miroculis, M. (M.) marauiae Savage & Peters, 1983 and M. (M.) rossi Edmunds, 1963 share similar characteristics with the imago of the new species, such as the upper portion of the eyes being on narrow, dorsally-directed stalks (Fig. 2); fore and hind wings without maculae around cross veins (Fig. 3���4); and penis not extending beyond forceps (Fig. 5). Nevertheless, the new species differs from M. (M.) rossi by the size of penis (0.8 x the length of SI of forceps in M. (M.) stenopterus, sp. nov., and 2.0��� 2.2 in M. (M.) rossi), as well as the number of facets in the male compound eyes (14 facets in M. (M.) stenopterus, sp. nov., and six facets in M. (M.) rossi). Regarding M. (M.) marauiae, the shapes of the penis (not apically hooked in the new species) and the posteromedian margin of styliger plate (excavated medially in the new species) clearly distinguish them. In relation to nymphs, M. (M.) stenopterus, sp. nov., shares some similar characters with M. (M.) marauiae, M. (M.) brasiliaensis Savage & Peters, 1983, M. (M.) fittkau i and M. (Ommaethus) mourei Savage & Peters, 1983, especially by gills with coloration grayish and trachea unbranched (Fig. 18). Among them, M. (M.) marauiae is more similar to the new species by having a similar slight flattening of the anterolateral margin of the labrum, terga VI���VII with blackish maculae, and caudal filaments that are brownish-yellow and darker on the joints. However, M. (M.) marauiae can be differentiated from the new species by the following characteristics: SII of labial palpi 1.11���1.25 x length of SI (1.01���1.04 x on the new species), sterna I���IX with posterolateral corners brownish-black (sterna completely pale yellowish brown on new species) and posterolateral spines on terga III���IX (VI���IX on new species)., Published as part of Lima, Lucas R. C., Raimundi, Erikcsen A., Pinheiro, Ulisses & Salles, Frederico F., 2014, A new species of Miroculis Edmunds, 1963 (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) from Northeastern Brazil, pp. 441-448 in Zootaxa 3795 (4) on pages 442-447, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3795.4.4, http://zenodo.org/record/225290, {"references":["Savage, H. M. & Peters, W. L. (1983) Systematics of Miroculis and related genera from Northern South America (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae). Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 108, 491 - 600.","Spieth, H. T. (1943) Taxonomic studies on the Ephemeroptera. III. Some interesting ephemerids from Surinam and other neotropical localities. American Museum Novitates, 1244, 1 - 13.","Savage, H. M. (1987) Two new species of Miroculis from Cerro de la Neblina, Venezuela with new distribution records for Miroculis fittkaui and Microphlebia surinamensis (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae). Aquatic Insects, 9, 97 - 108. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 01650428709361279","Edmunds, G. F. Jr. (1963) A new genus and species of mayfly from Peru (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae). Pan - Pacific Entomologist, 39 (1), 34 - 36."]}

Miroculis Edmunds The genus at present is constituted by 16 species, distributed in four subgenera. The genus has been recorded from Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Surinam, Venezuela, Cuba and Trinidad. Of the four subgenera, only two are found in the studied collection., Published as part of Domínguez, Eduardo, Grillet, Maria-Eugenia, Nieto, Carolina, Molineri, Carlos & Guerrero, Edmundo, 2014, Ephemeroptera from the Venezuelan Guayanas´s Uplands: Families Leptophlebiidae, Euthyplociidae and Oligoneuriidae, pp. 301-317 in Zootaxa 3827 (3) on page 306, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3827.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4920666

Miroculis (Miroculis) fazzariensis sp. nov. Description. Male imago. (Figs. 1���7) Maximal length: Body 4.2 ��� 5.1 mm; forewing 4.6 mm; hind wing 1.2 mm; subgenital plate 0.27 mm. Head (Fig. 7). Yellowish brown. Antennae: pedicel and scape brown; flagellum pale. Ocelli: white with dark brown base. Eyes: lower portion black;dorsal portion of eyes on short stalk (Fig. 7), with 10���12 large���sized facets in longest row, light orangish brown; distance between upper portion of compound eyes equal to width of an upper portion (Fig. 5). Thorax (Figs. 5���7). Pro, meso and metanotum chestnut. Pleura and sterna brown with margins dark brown. Wings (Figs. 1���2): forewing: longitudinal and cross veins brown; membrane translucent washed with brown except for some cells on anterior and middle region; cross veins surrounded narrowly by brown pigmentation. Hind wing: longitudinal and cross veins brown; membrane translucent washed with brown, an area near costal projection unpigmented. Legs: broken off and lost. Abdomen (Figs. 5���6). General color: brown translucent. Tergum I washed with brown; terga II���III with a median brownish spot; terga IV���VIII with two posterior median brownish spots, more intense on tergum VIII; terga VIII���IX orangish brown. Sterna I���VII translucent brown, sterna VIII���IX brownish orange. Genitalia (Figs. 3���4) Length of styliger plate 0.27 mm, brown yellowish. Forceps: light brown, with a blackish spot on the outer and inner sides near the apex of the first segment; spines present from the base to the middle of forceps segment I. Penes: brown; long and slender with membranous apex. Filaments: broken off and lost. Female imago and nymph: unknown. Material examined. Holotype: male imago, Brazil, S��o Paulo State, S��o Carlos, campus of Universidade Federal de S��o Carlos ��� UFSCAR, Fazzari stream, 21 �� 58 ' 07���S / 47 �� 53 '08���W, 16.ix. 2007, collector: Roque, F. O. and Lecci, L. S. (MZUSP). Paratypes: 4 male imagos same data as holotype (three at MZUESC and one at MZUSP). Etymology: Fazzari is the name of the river where this species was collected. Diagnosis. Miroculis (Miroculis) fazzariensis can be separated from other species of the genus by the following combination of characters: in the male imago: 1) the upper portion of eyes with 12 facets in the longest row; 2) forewing translucent tinged with brown, with transverse and longitudinal veins brown; 3) abdominal color pattern as in Figs. 5���6; 4) size of penis from 0.8 to 1.0 the size of forceps segment I. Discussion: According to the key proposed by Dominguez et al. (2006), M. fazzariensis is directed to couplet " 6 " in the key, which includes M. fittkaui and M. nebulosus; recently Salles & Lima (2011) described M. caparaoensis, directed to the same step in the key. The new species differs from M. fittkaui mainly in the wings coloration, with more pigmentation in the new species, and differs also in the shape of the penes, which are more robust in M. fittkaui. It can be separated from M. nebulosus by the size of the penes: in M. fazzariensis it is approximately the same size as the segment I of the forceps, while in M. nebulosus is up to 1.6 times the size of segment I of the forceps. Miroculis fazzariensis differs from M. caparaoensis in wings coloration, shape of forceps and size of penes. The wing of M. fazzariensis is more pigmented, especially at the apex of the forewing. The base of the first segment of the forcepsin M. fazzariensis is large and tapering gradually to the apex, while in M. caparaoensis the base is rounded; in M. caparaoensis the length of the penes is approximately 0.70 the length of segment I of the forceps, while in M. fazzariensis is approximately the same size., Published as part of Costa, Sabrina Santos & Mariano, Rodolfo, 2013, Description of a new species of Miroculis Edmunds, 1963 (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) from Brazil, pp. 495-498 in Zootaxa 3599 (5) on pages 495-498, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3599.5.7, http://zenodo.org/record/216068, {"references":["Dominguez, E., Molineri, C., Pescador, M. L., Hubbard, M. D. & Nieto, C. (2006) Ephemeroptera of South America, Aquatic Biodversity of Latin America (ABLA Series). Sofia - Moscow, 646 pp.","Salles, F. F. & Lima, M. M. (2011) New species and new records of Miroculis Edmunds (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) from Southeastern Brazil. Zootaxa, 2740, 53 - 58."]}

Miroculis (Miroculis) tepequensis sp. nov. (Figs. 1���9) Diagnosis: Miroculis (M.) tepequensis sp. nov. can be distinguished from other species in the subgenus by the following combination of characters in the male imago: 1) upper portion of eyes on long stalks with nine facets in the longest row, 2) forewing basal 2 / 3 with membrane brown pigmented and with a few cells translucent; apical 1 / 3 with membrane translucent and brown spots around cross veins, 3) Penes tubular with length equal to segment I of forceps, with apex ending in a internally directed hook and with a membranous dorsal median region. Maximum length: body 6.3���6.5 mm (n= 10, SD= �� 0.10); forewing 4.9���5.3 mm (n= 10, SD= �� 0.25); hind wing 1.5���1.6 mm (n= 10, SD= �� 0.03). Head (Figs. 5���7). Yellowish brown. Antennae: pedicel, scape and flagellum brown translucent. Ocelli: translucent surrounded by black (Fig. 5). Eyes: lower portion black; dorsal portion on long narrow stalk with nine facets in its longest row (Figs. 5���7). Presence of translucent bridge between dorsal portions of the eyes (Fig. 5). Thorax (Figs. 6���9). Pro, meso and metanotum dark brown with median longitudinal suture of mesonotum yellowish (Fig. 6). Pleura and sterna yellowish brown with margins clear (Fig. 8���9). Wings: forewing: longitudinal and cross veins brown; basal 2 / 3 with membrane brown (Fig. 1); apical 1 / 3 with membrane translucent and cross veins surrounded by brown pigmentation (Fig. 1). Hind wing: longitudinal and cross veins brown, membrane brown except for some cells translucent, especially in the middle portion of the wing (Fig. 2). Legs: broken off and missing. Abdomen (Fig. 7). Yellowish brown. Terga IV���VIII with two dark spots in the middle dorsal region; terga IX���X light brown (Fig. 7). Genitalia (Figs. 3���4). Length of styliger plate 0.21 to 0.23 mm (n= 10, SD= 0.01), light brown, posterior margin straight. Forceps: light brown with subapical dark spot. Inner margin of first segment with spines from base to medial portion. Penes: brown, long and tubular with base larger than apex ending in a hook internally directed, median dorsal region membranous; length equal to the first segment of the forceps. Filaments: light brown with dark rings on the base of segments along the entire length (Fig. 7). Female imago and nymph: unknown Material examined: Holotype: male imago, Brazil, State of Roraima, Amajari municipality, Serra Tepequ��m, second-order stream (03�� 87 ' 39.6 "N / 61 �� 44 ' 49.8 "W), 30.v. 2012 to 3.vi. 2012, Gama Neto, J.L. coll. (INPA). Paratype: nine male imagos same data as holotype (7 INPA and 2 CZNC). Etymology: Tepequ��m is the name of the mountain range where this species was collected. Discussion Miroculis (M.) tepequensis sp.nov. shares similar characteristics with other species of Miroculis (Miroculis): M.(M.) fittkaui Savage & Peters, 1983, M.(M.) nebulosus Savage, 1987, M.(M.) caparaoensis Sales & Lima, 2011 and M.(M.) fazzariensis Costa & Mariano, 2013. In these species, the fore and hind wings have bands or maculae around cross veins and penes not extending beyond forceps. In general, the male imago of M. tepequensis sp. nov. is very similar to that of M. fazzariensis, however, M. tepequensis sp. nov. has the apical 1 / 3 of the forewing translucent with cross veins surrounded by brown pigmentation, while M. fazzariensis has only a few translucent cells in the middle and apical portions of the forewing. Furthermore, the apical region of the penes of M. tepequensis sp. nov. ends in a hook, while in M. fazzariensis this region is long, thin and membranous; and in lateral view, the stalks of the upper region of the eyes of M. tepequensis sp. nov. are longer, twice the length of the stalks in M. fazzariensis. Miroculis tepequensis sp. nov. and M. fittkaui differ in the color patterns of forewings, which are more pigmented in the new species, and in the shape of the penes which apically excavated in M. fittkaui. Miroculis tepequensis sp. nov. differs from M. nebulosus by having the length of the penes similar to that of the first segment of the forceps, whereas in M. nebulosus the length of the penes longer, 1.6 times the length of the first segment of the forceps. Miroculis tepequensis sp. nov. differs from M. caparaoensis mainly by characteristics of the penes, which, in the latter species, is short with a rounded and excavated apex. With the description of M. tepequensis sp. nov. the number of known Miroculis species increases from 16 to 17, and the genus is first recorded from the state of Roraima. Acknowledgments The authors wish to express their gratitude to Museu Integrado de Roraima (MIRR) for logistical support, to the projects CT-Amaz��nia/ CNPq (Process n. 575875 / 2008 - 9) and Pr��-equipamentos/CAPES/INPA/Dcen; to CAPES for a doctoral scholarship awarded to J.L.G. Neto and to CNPq for a research fellowship awarded to Neusa Hamada. References Costa, S.S. & Mariano, R. (2013) Description of a new species of Miroculis Edmunds, 1963 (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) from Brazil. Zootaxa, 3599 (5), 495���498. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.11646 /zootaxa.3599.5.7 Dominguez, E., Molineri, C., Pescador, M.L., Hubbard, D.M. & Nieto, C. (2006) Ephemeroptera of South America, Aquatic Biodiversity of Latin America (ABLA Series). Sofia-Moscow, 646 pp. Dominguez, E., Molineri, C., Nieto, C., Hubbard, M.D., Pescador, M. & Z����iga, M.C. (2013) Checklist of South American species of Ephemeroptera (update 23 rd May, 2013). Available from: http://www.ephemeropteragalactica.com/cats.php (Accessed 25 June 2013) Edmunds, G.F. Jr. (1963) A new genus and species of mayfly from Peru (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae). Pan-Pacific Entomologist, 39, 34- 36. Peters, J.G., Dom��nguez, E. & Currea Dereser, A. (2008) Species of Miroculis from the Serran��a de Chiribiquete in Colombia. In: Hauer, F.R., Stanford, J.A. & Newell, R.L. (Eds.), International advances in the ecology, zoogeography and systematics of mayflies and stoneflies. Vol. 128. University of California Publications in Entomology, pp. 295-305. Salles, F.F. & Lima, M.M. (2011) New species and new records of Miroculis Edmunds (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) from Southeastern Brazil. Zootaxa, 2740, 53��� 58. Salles, F.F., Boldrini, R., Nascimento, J.C.M., Raimundi, E.A. & Shimano, Y.F. (2011) Ephemeroptera do Brasil. Available from: http://www.ephemeroptera.com.br (Accessed 10 October 2013) Savage, H.M. & Peters, W.L. (1983) Systematics of Miroculis and related genera from Northern South America (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae). Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 108, 491 ��� 600. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1111 /j. 1439 -0469.1983.tb00281.x, Published as part of Neto, Jaime De Liege Gama & Hamada, Neusa, 2013, A new species of Miroculis Edmunds, 1963 (Ephemeroptera, Leptophlebiidae) from northern Brazil, pp. 597-600 in Zootaxa 3734 (5) on pages 597-600, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3734.5.9, http://zenodo.org/record/220403