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1. Probing hadronic interactions using the latest data measured by the Pierre Auger Observatory

Author

Caterina Trimarelli, Pedro Abreu, Marco Aglietta, Ingomar Allekotte, Kévin Almeida Cheminant, Alejandro Almela, Jaime Alvarez-Muniz, Juan Ammerman Yebra, Gioacchino Alex Anastasi, Luis A. Anchordoqui, Belén Andrada, Sofia Andringa, Carla Aramo, Paulo Ricardo Araújo Ferreira, Enrico Arnone, Juan Carlos Arteaga Velazquez, Hernán Gonzalo Asorey, Pedro Assis, Gualberto Avila, Emanuele Avocone, Alina Mihaela Badescu, Alena Bakalova, Alexandru Balaceanu, Felicia Barbato, Jose A. Bellido, Corinne Berat, Mario Edoardo Bertaina, Gopal Bhatta, Peter L. Biermann, Virginia Binet, Kathrin Bismark, Teresa Bister, Jonathan Biteau, Jiri Blazek, Carla Bleve, Johannes Blümer, Martina Bohacova, Denise Boncioli, Carla Bonifazi, Luan Bonneau Arbeletche, Nataliia Borodai, Jeffrey Brack, Thomas Bretz, P. Gabriel Brichetto Orchera, Florian Lukas Briechle, Peter Buchholz, Antonio Bueno, Stijn Buitink, Mario Buscemi, Max Büsken, Anthony Bwembya, Karen S. Caballero-Mora, Lorenzo Caccianiga, Ioana Caracas, Rossella Caruso, Antonella Castellina, Fernando Catalani, Gabriella Cataldi, Lorenzo Cazon, Marcos Cerda, Jose Augusto Chinellato, Jiří Chudoba, Ladislav Chytka, Roger W Clay, Agustín Cobos Cerutti, Roberta Colalillo, Alan Coleman, Maria Rita Coluccia, Rúben Conceição, Antonio Condorelli, Giovanni Consolati, Fernando Contreras, Fabio Convenga, Diego Correia dos Santos, Corbin Covault, Markus Cristinziani, Sergio Dasso, Kai Daumiller, Bruce R. Dawson, Jarryd A. Day, Rogerio M. de Almeida, Joaquin de Jesus, Sijbrand J. de Jong, João de Mello Neto, Ivan De Mitri, Jaime de Oliveira, Danelise de Oliveira Franco, Francesco de Palma, Vitor de Souza, Emanuele De Vito, Antonino Del Popolo, Olivier Deligny, Luca Deval, Armando di Matteo, Madalina Dobre, Carola Dobrigkeit, Juan Carlos D'Olivo, Luis Miguel Domingues Mendes, Rita Cassia dos Anjos, Maria Teresa Dova, Jan Ebr, Mohamed Eman, Ralph Engel, Italo Epicoco, Martin Erdmann, Carlos O. Escobar, Alberto Etchegoyen, Heino Falcke, John Farmer, Glennys R. Farrar, Anderson Campos Fauth, Norberto Fazzini, Fridtjof Feldbusch, Francesco Fenu, Brian Fick, Juan Manuel Figueira, Andrej Filipcic, Thomas Fitoussi, Tomáš Fodran, Toshihiro Fujii, Alan Fuster, Cristina Galea, Claudio Galelli, Beatriz García, Hartmut Gemmeke, Flavia Gesualdi, Alexandru Gherghel-Lascu, Piera Luisa Ghia, Ugo GIACCARI, Marco Giammarchi, Jonas Glombitza, Fabian Gobbi, Fernando Gollan, Geraldina Golup, Mariano Gómez Berisso, Primo F. Gómez Vitale, Juan Pablo Gongora, Juan Manuel González, Nicolas Martin Gonzalez, Isabel Goos, Dariusz Gora, Alessio Gorgi, Marvin Gottowik, Trent D. Grubb, Fausto Guarino, Germano Guedes, Eleonora Guido, Steffen Traugott Hahn, Petr Hamal, Matías Rolf Hampel, Patricia María Hansen, Diego Harari, Violet M. Harvey, Andreas Haungs, Thomas Hebbeker, Dieter Heck, Carlos Hojvat, Jörg R. Hörandel, Pavel Horvath, Miroslav Hrabovsky, Tim Huege, Antonio Insolia, Paula Gina Isar, Petr Janecek, Jeffrey A. Johnsen, Jakub Jurysek, Alex Kääpä, Karl-Heinz Kampert, Bianca Keilhauer, Abha Khakurdikar, Varada Varma Kizakke Covilakam, Hans Klages, Matthias Kleifges, Jonny Kleinfeller, Felix Knapp, Norbert Kunka, Bruno L. Lago, Niklas Langner, Marcelo Augusto Leigui de Oliveira, Vladimir Lenok, Antoine Letessier-Selvon, Isabelle Lhenry-Yvon, Domenico Lo Presti, Luis LOPES, Rebeca López, Lu Lu, Quentin Luce, Jon Paul Lundquist, Allan Machado Payeras, Giovanni Mancarella, Dusan Mandat, Bradley C. Manning, Julien Manshanden, Paul Mantsch, Sullivan Marafico, Federico Maria Mariani, Analisa Mariazzi, Ioana Maris, Giovanni Marsella, Daniele Martello, Sara Martinelli, Oscar Martínez Bravo, Miguel Alexandre Martins, Massimo Mastrodicasa, Hermann-Josef Mathes, James Matthews, Giorgio Matthiae, Eric William Mayotte, Sonja Mayotte, Peter Mazur, Gustavo Medina-Tanco, Diego Melo, Alexander Menshikov, Stanislav Michal, Maria Isabel Micheletti, Lino Miramonti, Silvia Mollerach, François Montanet, Leonel Morejon, Carlo Morello, Ana L. Müller, Katharine Mulrey, Roberto Mussa, Marco Stein Muzio, Wilson M. Namasaka, Alina Nasr-Esfahani, Lukas Nellen, Gabriela Nicora, Mihai Niculescu-Oglinzanu, Marcus Niechciol, Dave Nitz, Ian Norwood, Dalibor Nosek, Vladimír Novotný, Libor Nozka, Achille Nucita, Luis A. Nunez, Cainã Oliveira, Miroslav Palatka, Juan Pallotta, Gonzalo Parente, Alejandra Parra, Jannis Pawlowsky, Miroslav Pech, Jan Pękala, Rodrigo Pelayo, Edyvania Emily Pereira Martins, Johnnier Perez Armand, Carmina Pérez Bertolli, Lorenzo Perrone, Sergio Petrera, Camilla Petrucci, Tanguy Pierog, Mário Pimenta, Manuel Platino, Bjarni Pont, Mart Pothast, Paolo Privitera, Michael Prouza, Andrew Puyleart, Sven Querchfeld, Julian Rautenberg, Diego Ravignani, Maximilian Reininghaus, Jan Ridky, Felix Riehn, Markus Risse, Vincenzo Rizi, Washington Rodrigues de Carvalho, Jorge Rubén Rodriguez Rojo, Matías J. Roncoroni, Simone Rossoni, Markus Roth, Esteban Roulet, Adrian Rovero, Philip Ruehl, Alexandra Saftoiu, Mohit Saharan, Francesco Salamida, Humberto Ibarguen Salazar, Gaetano Salina, Jose Sanabria Gomez, Federico Andrés Sánchez, Edivaldo Moura Santos, Eva Santos, Fred Sarazin, Raul Sarmento, Ricardo Sato, Pierpaolo Savina, Christoph M. Schäfer, Viviana Scherini, Harald Schieler, Martin Schimassek, Michael Schimp, Felix Schlüter, David Schmidt, Olaf Scholten, Harm Schoorlemmer, Petr Schovanek, Frank G. Schröder, Josina Schulte, Tobias Schulz, Sergio J Sciutto, Marina Scornavacche, Alberto Segreto, Srijan Sehgal, Shima Ujjani Shivashankara, Guenter Sigl, Gaia Silli, Octavian Sima, Raluca Smau, Radomir Smida, Paul Sommers, Jorge F. Soriano, Ruben Squartini, Maximilian Stadelmaier, Denis Stanca, Samo Stanič, Jaroslaw Stasielak, Patrick Stassi, Maximilian Straub, Alexander Streich, Mauricio Suárez-Durán, Tristan Sudholz, Tiina Suomijarvi, A. Daniel Supanitsky, Zbigniew Szadkowski, Alex Tapia, Carla Taricco, Charles Timmermans, Olena Tkachenko, Petr Tobiska, Carlos J. Todero Peixoto, Bernardo Tomé, Zoé Torrès, Andres Travaini, Petr Travnicek, Matias Jorge Tueros, Ralf Ulrich, Michael Unger, Lukáš Vaclavek, Martin Vacula, Jose F. Valdés Galicia, Laura Valore, Enrique Varela, Adriana Vásquez-Ramírez, Darko Veberic, Cynthia Ventura, Indira D. Vergara Quispe, Valerio Verzi, Jakub Vicha, Jacco Vink, Serguei Vorobiov, Hernan Wahlberg, Clara Keiko Oliveira Watanabe, Alan Watson, Andreas Weindl, Lawrence Wiencke, Henryk Wilczyński, David Wittkowski, Brian Wundheiler, Alexey Yushkov, Orazio Zapparrata, Enrique Zas, Danilo Zavrtanik, Marko Zavrtanik, and Lukas Zehrer

Published
2022

2. Recent results from prototypes of the Fluorescence detector Array of Single-pixel Telescopes (FAST) in both hemispheres

Author

Toshihiro Fujii, Justin Albury, Fraser Bradfield, Jose A. Bellido, Ladislav Chytka, John Farmer, Petr Hamal, Pavel Horvath, Miroslav Hrabovsky, Hiromu Iwasaki, Vlastimil Jilek, Jakub Kmec, Jiri Kvita, Max Malacari, Dusan Mandat, Massimo Mastrodicasa, John N. Matthews, Stanislav Michal, Hiromu Nagasawa, Hiroki Namba, Xiaochen Ni, Libor Nozka, Tomohiko Oka, Miroslav Palatka, Miroslav Pech, Paolo Privitera, Petr Schovanek, Francesco Salamida, Radomir Smida, Zuzana Svozilikova, Stan B. Thomas, Akimichi Taketa, Kenta Terauchi, Petr Travnicek, and Martin Vacula

Subjects
General Medicine
Abstract

The origin and nature of ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) are of uppermost importance in astroparticle physics. Motivated by the need for an unprecedented aperture for further advancements, the Fluorescence detector Array of Single-pixel Telescopes (FAST) is a prospective next-generation, ground-based UHECR observatory that aims to cover an enormous area by deploying a large array of low-cost fluorescence telescopes. The full-scale FAST prototype consists of four 20 cm photomultiplier tubes at the focus of a segmented mirror 1.6 m in diameter. Three FAST prototypes have been installed at the Telescope Array Experiment in Utah, USA, and two prototypes at the Pierre Auger Observatory in Mendoza, Argentina, commencing remote observation of UHECRs in both hemispheres. We report on recent results of the full-scale FAST prototypes operated in both hemispheres, including telescope calibrations, atmospheric monitoring, ongoing electronics upgrades, development of sophisticated reconstruction methods and UHECR detections.

Published
2023

4. Latest results of ultra-high-energy cosmic ray measurements with prototypes of the Fluorescence detector Array of Single-pixel Telescopes (FAST)

Author

Akimichi Taketa, Massimo Mastrodicasa, Petr Hamal, Seiya Nozaki, Stanislav Michal, Radomir Smida, John Farmer, Paolo Privitera, Miroslav Palatka, Toshihiro Fujii, P. Travnicek, Tomohiko Oka, Dusan Mandat, Jose A. Bellido, Martin Vacula, Jiri Kvita, Stan B. Thomas, Miroslav Hrabovsky, Petr Schovanek, Libor Nozka, Justin M. Albury, Seokhyun Yoo, Miroslav Pech, Hidetoshi Kubo, Xiaochen Ni, John N. Matthews, Pavel Horvath, Ladislav Chytka, Max Malacari, Francesco Salamida, and Kenta Terauchi

Subjects
Astroparticle physics, Physics, Pierre Auger Observatory, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), business.industry, Aperture, Segmented mirror, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, law.invention, Telescope, Optics, Observatory, law, Ultra-high-energy cosmic ray, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, business, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
Abstract

The origin and nature of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) remain an open question in astroparticle physics. Motivated by the need for an unprecedented aperture for further advancements, the Fluorescence detector Array of Single-pixel Telescopes (FAST) is a prospective next-generation, ground-based UHECR observatory that aims to cover a huge area by deploying a large array of low-cost fluorescence detectors. The full-scale FAST prototype consists of four 20 cm photomultiplier tubes at the focus of a segmented mirror 1.6 m in diameter. Over the last five years, three prototypes have been installed at the Telescope Array Experiment in Utah, USA, and one prototype at the Pierre Auger Observatory in Mendoza, Argentina, commencing remote observation of UHECRs in both hemispheres. We report on the latest results of these FAST prototypes, including telescope calibrations, atmospheric monitoring, ongoing electronics upgrades, development of sophisticated reconstruction methods, and UHECR detections., Comment: 8 pages, 6 figures, Proceedings of the 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC 2021)

Published
2021
Full Text
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5. Use of a general purpose integrating sphere as a low intensity near-UV extended uniform light source

Author

Stanislav Michal, Miroslav Pech, Pavel Horvath, Hermann-Josef Mathes, Miroslav Palatka, Martin Vacula, Dusan Mandat, Petr Schovanek, Kai Daumiller, Ralph Engel, Christoph M. Schäfer, Miroslav Hrabovsky, and Ladislav Chytka

Subjects
Computer science, business.industry, Detector, Measure (physics), 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Automatic summarization, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, 010309 optics, Optics, Integrating sphere, 0103 physical sciences, Radiance, Calibration, SPHERES, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 0210 nano-technology, business, Intensity (heat transfer), ComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICS
Abstract

Nowadays, the need for extended uniform light sources increases in many different areas of optics. Integrating spheres show one of the best properties among them. The paper is focused on verification of the practical use of so-called general purpose integrating spheres for the purpose of the calibration of highly sensitive detectors in the near-UV spectrum. To achieve this, the summarization of the theory of the integrating spheres is given, the methodology of the measurement is described and a universal experimental setup is designed. The setup is able to measure the real spatial and angular radiance uniformity of the exit port of selected representative of integrating spheres. The results of radiance uniformity measurements are graphically presented and discussed.

Published
2021

6. Observing ultra-high energy cosmic rays with prototypes of Fluorescence detector Array of Single-pixel Telescopes (FAST) in both hemispheres

Author

Petr Hamal, Miroslav Palatka, Miroslav Hrabovsky, Dusan Mandat, Stanislav Michal, John Farmer, Stan B. Thomas, Jiri Kvita, Petr Schovanek, Libor Nozka, Paolo Privitera, Justin M. Albury, Radomir Smida, John N. Matthews, Ladislav Chytka, Miroslav Pech, Pavel Horvath, Xiaochen Ni, Toshihiro Fujii, Petr Travnicek, Jose A. Bellido, Martin Vacula, Massimo Mastrodicasa, Max Malacari, and Francesco Salamida

Subjects
Astroparticle physics, Physics, Pierre Auger Observatory, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Aperture, business.industry, Segmented mirror, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Cosmic ray, law.invention, Telescope, Optics, Observatory, law, Ultra-high-energy cosmic ray, business
Abstract

The origin and nature of ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) are hot topics in the astroparticle physics community. The Fluorescence detector Array of Single-pixel Telescopes (FAST) is a design for a next-generation ground-based UHECR observatory, addressing the requirements for a large-area, low-cost detector suitable for measuring the properties of the highest energy cosmic rays with an unprecedented aperture. We have developed a full-scale prototype consisting of four 200 mm photomultiplier tubes at the focus of a segmented mirror of 1.6 m in diameter. Over the last three years, we have installed three prototypes at the Telescope Array Experiment in Utah, USA. These telescopes have been steadily taking data since installation. We report on preliminary results of the full-scale FAST prototypes, including measurements of UHECRs, and distant ultraviolet lasers used to study the atmospheric transparency. Furthermore, we discuss the installation of an additional identical FAST prototype at the Pierre Auger Observatory in Argentina. Possible benefits to the Telescope Array Experiment and the Pierre Auger Observatory include a comparison of the transparency of the atmosphere above both experiments, a study of the systematic uncertainty associated with their existing fluorescence detectors, and a cross-calibration of their energy and Xmax scales.

Published
2019

7. A next-generation ground array for the detection of ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays: the Fluorescence detector Array of Single-pixel Telescopes (FAST)

Author

Xiaochen Ni, Toshihiro Fujii, Miroslav Palatka, John Farmer, Jose A. Bellido, Dusan Mandat, Max Malacari, Ladislav Chytka, Petr Travnicek, Miroslav Hrabovsky, Petr Schovanek, Justin M. Albury, Libor Nozka, Miroslav Pech, Pavel Horvath, Paolo Privitera, Petr Hamal, Stan B. Thomas, and John N. Matthews

Subjects
Astroparticle physics, Pierre Auger Observatory, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Aperture, Segmented mirror, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, QC1-999, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, Cosmic ray, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Telescope, law, Observatory, 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics
Abstract

The origin and nature of ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) is one of the most intriguing and important mysteries in astroparticle physics. The two largest observatories currently in operation, the Telescope Array Experiment in central Utah, USA, and the Pierre Auger Observatory in western Argentina, have been steadily observing UHECRs in both hemispheres for over a decade. We highlight the latest results from both of these experiments, and address the requirements for a next-generation UHECR observatory. The Fluorescence detector Array of Single-pixel Telescopes (FAST) is a design concept for a next-generation UHECR observa-tory, addressing the requirements for a large-area, low-cost detector suitable for measuring the properties of the highest energy cosmic rays with an unprecedented aperture. We have developed a full-scale prototype consisting of four 200 mm photomultiplier-tubes at the focus of a segmented mirror of 1.6 m in diameter. Over the last three years, we installed three such prototypes at the Black Rock Mesa site of the Telescope Array Experiment. These telescopes have been steadily taking data since installation. We report on preliminary results of the full-scale FAST prototypes, including measurements of distant ultraviolet lasers and UHECRs. Futhermore, we discuss our plan to install an additional identical FAST prototype at the Pierre Auger Observatory. Possible benefits to the Telescope Array and the Pierre Auger Observatory include a comparison of the transparency of the atmosphere above both experiments, a study of the systematic uncertainty associated with their existing fluorescence detectors, and a cross-calibration of their energy and Xmax scales.

Published
2019

8. Simulation of the optical performance of the Fluorescence detector Array of Single-pixel Telescopes

Author

Paolo Privitera, Jose A. Bellido, Stan B. Thomas, Justin M. Albury, John Farmer, Miroslav Hrabovsky, Miroslav Palatka, Dusan Mandat, Petr Schovanek, Toshihiro Fujii, Max Malacari, Libor Nozka, Petr Hamal, John N. Matthews, Miroslav Pech, Pavel Horvath, Ladislav Chytka, Petr Travnicek, and Xiaochen Ni

Subjects
Physics, Point spread function, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, QC1-999, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Curved mirror, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Fluorescence spectroscopy, law.invention, Single pixel, Telescope, Cardinal point, Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, business, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract

The Fluorescence detector Array of Single-pixel Telescopes (FAST) is a proposed large-area, next-generation experiment for the detection of ultra-high energy cosmic rays via the atmospheric fluorescence technique. The telescope’s large field-of-view (30 ×30) is imaged by four 200 mm photomultiplier-tubes at the focal plane of a segmented spherical mirror of 1.6 m diameter. Two prototypes are installed and taking data at the Black Rock Mesa site of the Telescope Array experiment in central Utah, USA. We present the process used for optimization of the optical performance of this compact and low-cost telescope, which is based on a simulation of the telescope’s optical point spread function.

Published
2019

9. The Full-Scale Prototype for the Fluorescence Detector Array of Single-Pixel Telescopes

Author

Miroslav Palatka, L. Nozka, Jose A. Bellido, Paolo Privitera, Miroslav Hrabovsky, Petr Schovanek, Xiaochen Ni, Toshihiro Fujii, Dusan Mandat, A. Matalon, John N. Matthews, Aygul Galimova, S. B. Thomas, John Farmer, Petr Travnicek, Maria Merolle, Max Malacari, Miroslav Pech, and Pavel Horvath

Subjects
Physics, Photomultiplier, Pixel, business.industry, Full scale, Fluorescence spectroscopy, law.invention, Single pixel, Lens (optics), Optics, Observatory, law, Tube (fluid conveyance), business
Published
2018

10. The Prototype Opto-mechanical System for the Fluorescence detector Array of Single-pixel Telescopes

Author

Toshihiro Fujii, Libor Nozka, Aygul Galimova, Maria Merolle, Stan B. Thomas, Justin M. Albury, John Farmer, Dusan Mandat, Miroslav Palatka, John Matthews, Xiaochen Ni, Petr Travnicek, Paolo Privitera, Max Malacari, Jose A. Bellido, A. Matalon, Miroslav Pech, Pavel Horvath, Miroslav Hrabovsky, and Petr Schovanek

Subjects
Physics, Pixel, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Aperture, business.industry, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Fluorescence spectroscopy, law.invention, Single pixel, Telescope, Mechanical system, Optics, law, Calibration, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, business
Abstract

We present the opto-mechanical design of a new generation fluorescence telescope for the de- tection of ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs). The Fluorescence detector Array of Single- pixel Telescopes (FAST) is a proposed low-cost, large-area, next-generation experiment for the detection of UHECRs via the atmospheric fluorescence technique. The telescope is of a simpli- fied Schmidt design, suitable for a camera consisting of only a few large pixels. The telescope has a 1 m2 entrance aperture, and a field-of-view of 30◦ × 30◦ . We present the optical design of the prototype telescope as well as the mirror alignment and pointing calibration procedures. The prototype of the FAST telescope is installed at the Black Rock Mesa site of the Telescope Array Experiment.

Published
2017

11. The FAST Project - A Next Generation UHECR Observatory

Author

Paolo Privitera, Dusan Mandat, Jiaqi Jiang, Pavel Motloch, Miroslav Pech, Pavel Horvath, Miroslav Palatka, Petr Travnicek, Toshihiro Fujii, Petr Schovanek, Stan B. Thomas, John N. Matthews, Max Malacari, Miroslav Hrabovsky, Jose A. Bellido, and A. Matalon

Subjects
Physics, Photomultiplier, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, QC1-999, Curved mirror, Fresnel lens, Cosmic ray, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Telescope, Lens (optics), Cardinal point, Optics, Observatory, law, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, business
Abstract

We present a concept for large-area, low-cost detection of ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) with a Fluorescence detector Array of Single-pixel Telescopes (FAST), addressing the requirements for the next generation of UHECR experiments. In the FAST design, a large field of view is covered by a few pixels at the focal plane of a mirror or Fresnel lens. We report on the first results of a FAST prototype installed at the Telescope Array (TA) site, consisting of a single 200 mm photomultiplier tube (PMT) at the focal plane of a 1 m2 Fresnel lens system taken from the prototype of the JEM-EUSO experiment. We also report on the status of the full-scale FAST prototype soon to be installed at the TA site, comprising a segmented spherical mirror of 1.6 m diameter and a 2 × 2 PMT camera.

Published
2017

12. Atmospheric monitoring with the Fluorescence detector Array of Single-pixel Telescopes

Author

Stan B. Thomas, John N. Matthews, Xiaochen Ni, Miroslav Palatka, Dusan Mandat, Jose A. Bellido, Paolo Privitera, Miroslav Hrabovsky, Toshihiro Fujii, Petr Schovanek, Petr Travnicek, Libor Nozka, Petr Hamal, Justin M. Albury, Ladislav Chytka, Miroslav Pech, Pavel Horvath, John Farmer, and Max Malacari

Subjects
Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, QC1-999, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, media_common.quotation_subject, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Laser, 01 natural sciences, Fluorescence spectroscopy, law.invention, Telescope, Atmosphere, law, Sky, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, 010306 general physics, Energy (signal processing), Remote sensing, media_common
Abstract

The Fluorescence detector Array of Single-pixel Telescopes (FAST) is a proposed low-cost, largearea, next-generation experiment for the detection of ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) via the atmospheric fluorescence technique. Two FAST telescopes are currently installed and operating at the Black Rock Mesa site of the Telescope Array Experiment in Utah, USA. Knowledge of the properties of the atmosphere above the detector is of utmost importance for the analysis and reconstruction of the energy and trajectory of UHECRs measured with an atmospheric fluorescence telescope. The FAST experiment uses all sky camera (FASCam) and sky quality monitor (SQM) for the detection of clouds and quantification of the night-sky background light in the field-of-view of the telescopes. Measurements of a vertically-fired ultra-violet laser at a distance of 21 km from the FAST telescopes are used to infer the transparency of the atmosphere above the detector through comparison with simulations.

Published
2019

13. Evidence for a mixed mass composition at the 'ankle' in the cosmic-ray spectrum

Author

S. Stanič, Denis Stanca, J. A.J. Matthews, Xavier Bertou, M. L. Díaz Castro, C. Porowski, Jakub Vicha, Francesca Zuccarello, Pedro Assis, R. Sato, Jose Chinellato, I. Jandt, Hermann-Josef Mathes, M. Ziolkowski, Denise Boncioli, Markus Risse, Muller, F. Canfora, J. Blazek, A. Tonachini, Antonio Bueno, M. Josebachuili, J.D. Sanabria Gomez, Eric Mayotte, A. C. Rovero, J. Biteau, P.F. Gómez Vitale, G. A. Anastasi, Kai Daumiller, Alberto Filevich, Peter Hansen, John Matthews, Christian Sarmiento-Cano, Gualberto Avila, W. Rodrigues de Carvalho, Marco Torri, Nicolás González, M. Gómez Berisso, R. C. Shellard, Leigui de Oliveira, Paul M. Mantsch, Diego Ravignani, J. R. Vázquez, P. Sanchez-Lucas, S. Vorobiov, Ingomar Allekotte, F. Sánchez, J. W. Cronin, Lorenzo Cazon, Peter Buchholz, R. Piegaia, I. Al Samarai, Ivo Nicolas Naranjo, Antonio Insolia, A. Aab, L. Caramete, Alina Mihaela Badescu, P. Heimann, Anderson Fauth, M. Zavrtanik, G. Marsella, R. Ramos-Pollant, Valerio Pirronello, G. Torralba Elipe, O. Ravel, P. van Bodegom, Angela V. Olinto, C. Di Giulio, S. Navas, I.M. Brancus, H. Glass, Marco Aglietta, Johannes Schumacher, Joshua A. Gordon, Bruno Daniel, Corinne Berat, R. Krause, Gaia Silli, A. Filipčič, Foteini Oikonomou, G. S. Varner, Alessio Gorgi, Fred Sarazin, H. Gemmeke, Lukas Nellen, M. I. Micheletti, L. A. S. Pereira, Maria Giller, J. J. Masías Meza, C. J. Todero Peixoto, A.E. Herve, Octavian Sima, Nataliia Borodai, D. Mockler, Manuel Platino, E.M. Holt, B. Wundheiler, A. Fuster, Q. Hasankiadeh, A. Saleh, Jeffrey Brack, J. F. Valdés Galicia, Olaf Scholten, Ioana Codrina Maris, I. De Mitri, Dieter Heck, Martin Urban, Hans Klages, H. Nožka, A. Chiavassa, Maria-Teresa Dova, M. R. Hampel, O. A. Taborda, Carlos Hojvat, Miroslav Palatka, A. Menshikov, Diego Harari, B. Gookin, S. Müller, Carola Dobrigkeit, M. Schauer, Humberto Ibarguen Salazar, Ricardo Vázquez, Antoine Letessier-Selvon, Ernesto Kemp, R. Legumina, P. H. Nguyen, Lawrence Wiencke, B. Sarkar, Sarka Wykes, C. Morello, E. M. Santos, G. Kukec Mezek, L. Molina-Bueno, M. Plum, Z. Zong, David Walz, Harald Schieler, O. Kambeitz, Jeffrey A. Johnsen, Sven Querchfeld, L. Perrone, Marco Giammarchi, Bruce R. Dawson, S. Quinn, Christian Glaser, J. Espadanal, Octavian Fratu, M. E. Bertaina, Alan Watson, Mihai Niculescu-Oglinzanu, Jonny Kleinfeller, Sergio Sciutto, L. Ochilo, M. Mallamaci, Alberto Segreto, Nicusor Arsene, D. Rogozin, J. de Oliveira, R.R. Prado, Alejandro Almela, P. Billoir, Tim Huege, Ana Martina Botti, Belén Andrada, J. Alvarez Castillo, G. C. Hill, R.C. dos Anjos, Lukas Middendorf, D. Pakk Selmi-Dei, F. Diogo, G. De Mauro, Henryk Wilczyński, Ralph Engel, J. J. Beatty, Norbert Kunka, D. Nitz, Günter Sigl, Silvia Mollerach, A. Śmiałkowski, Jörg R. Hörandel, Sutherland, Julian Rautenberg, Peter L. Biermann, F. Montanet, L. Niemietz, R. M. de Almeida, L. Tomankova, Christine Peters, Radomir Smida, Alberto Etchegoyen, John L. Harton, Peter Gorham, T. 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A., Weber, M., Weindl, A., Wiencke, L., Wilczyński, H., Winchen, T., Wittkowski, D., Wundheiler, B., Wykes, S., Yang, L., Yelos, D., Younk, P., Yushkov, A., Zas, E., Zavrtanik, D., Zavrtanik, M., Zepeda, A., Zimmermann, B., Ziolkowski, M., Zong, Z., Zuccarello, F., Bleve, C., Colalillo, Roberta, Coluccia, M. R., D'Amico, S., De Mitri, I., Guarino, Fausto, Marsella, G., Martello, D., Pȩkala, J., Perrone, L., Scherini, V., Settimo, M., Strafella, F., Valore, Laura, Physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics Research Group, Elementary Particle Physics, Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), and Pierre Auger Collaboration

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Proton, Pierre Auger Observatory, Cosmic Rays, Mass Composition, Astronomy, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Flux, FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, Ankle, Cosmic rays, Mass composition, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Auger, Observatory, 0103 physical sciences, ddc:530, High Energy Physics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, GeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.,dictionaries,encyclopedias,glossaries), Cherenkov radiation, Ciencias Exactas, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Range (particle radiation), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, OBSERVATÓRIOS, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Física, lcsh:QC1-999, Physique atomique et nucléaire, Experimental High Energy Physics, Física nuclear, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, lcsh:Physics
Abstract

We report a first measurement for ultrahigh energy cosmic rays of the correlation between the depth of shower maximum and the signal in the water Cherenkov stations of air-showers registered simultaneously by the fluorescence and the surface detectors of the Pierre Auger Observatory. Such a correlation measurement is a unique feature of a hybrid air-shower observatory with sensitivity to both the electromagnetic and muonic components. It allows an accurate determination of the spread of primary masses in the cosmic-ray flux. Up till now, constraints on the spread of primary masses have been dominated by systematic uncertainties. The present correlation measurement is not affected by systematics in the measurement of the depth of shower maximum or the signal in the water Cherenkov stations. The analysis relies on general characteristics of air showers and is thus robust also with respect to uncertainties in hadronic event generators. The observed correlation in the energy range around the ‘ankle’ at lg⁡(E/eV)=18.5–19.0 differs significantly from expectations for pure primary cosmic-ray compositions. A light composition made up of proton and helium only is equally inconsistent with observations. The data are explained well by a mixed composition including nuclei with mass A>4. Scenarios such as the proton dip model, with almost pure compositions, are thus disfavored as the sole explanation of the ultrahigh-energy cosmic-ray flux at Earth., 0, SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published

Published
2016

14. Energy estimation of cosmic rays with the Engineering Radio Array of the Pierre Auger Observatory

Author

Pierre Auger Collaboration (Alexander Aab (Siegen, U. )., Pedro Abreu (LIP, Lisbon &amp, Lisbon, IST), Marco Aglietta (IFSI, Turin), Eun-Joo Ahn (Fermilab), Imen Al Samarai (Orsay, IPN), Ivone Albuquerque (Sao Paulo, U. )., Ingomar Allekotte (Centro Atomico Bariloche &amp, Balseiro, Inst., San Carlos de Bariloche), Patrick Allison (Ohio State, U. )., Alejandro Almela, (U. Tech. Natl., Argentina), Jesus Alvarez Castillo (Mexico, U. )., Jaime Alvarez-Muñiz (Santiago de Compostela, U. )., Rafael Alves Batista (Hamburg, U., II), Inst. Theor. Phys., amp, INFN, Michelangelo Ambrosio (Naples U., Naples), Amin Aminaei (Nijmegen, U., IMAPP), INFN, Gioacchino Alex Anastasi (Catania U., Catania), Luis Anchordoqui (Lehman, Coll. )., Sofia Andringa (LIP, INFN, Carla Aramo (Naples U., Fernando Arqueros (Madrid, U. )., Nicusor Arsene (Bucharest, U. )., Hernán Gonzalo Asorey (Centro Atomico Bariloche &amp, San Carlos de Bariloche &amp, Cantabria, U., Santander), Pedro Assis (LIP, Julien Aublin (Paris, U., VI-VII), Gualberto Avila (Pierre Auger, Observ. )., Nafiun Awal (New York, U. )., Alina Mihaela Badescu (Bucharest, Polytechnic, Inst. )., Colin Baus (KIT, Karlsruhe, EKP), Jim Beatty (Ohio State, U. )., Karl Heinz Becker (Wuppertal, U. )., Jose A Bellido (Adelaide, U. )., Corinne Berat (LPSC, Grenoble), Mario Edoardo Bertaina (IFSI, Xavier Bertou (Centro Atomico Bariloche &amp, Peter Biermann (Bonn, Max Planck, Inst., Radioastro, n. )., Pierre Billoir (Paris, U., Simon G Blaess (Adelaide, U. )., Alberto Blanco (LIP, Miguel Blanco (Paris, U., Jiri Blazek (Prague, Ins, t. Phys. )., INFN, Carla Bleve (Salento U., Lecce), Hans Blümer (KIT, Karlsruhe, IKP &amp, KIT, Karlsruhe, IKP), Martina Boháčová (Prague, Denise Boncioli (Gran Sasso), Carla Bonifazi (Rio de Janeiro Federal, U. )., Nataliia Borodai (Cracow, INP), Jeffrey Brack (Colorado State, U. )., Iliana Brancus (Bucharest, IFIN-HH), Thomas Bretz (Aachen, Tec, h. Hochsch. )., Ariel Bridgeman (KIT, Pedro Brogueira (LIP, Peter Buchholz (Siegen, U. )., CAFPE, Antonio Bueno (Granada U., Granada), Stijn Buitink (Nijmegen, U., INFN, Mario Buscemi (Naples U., Karen, S Caballero-Mora (Unlisted, FR), INFN, Barbara Caccianiga (Milan U., Milan), Lorenzo Caccianiga (Paris, U., Marina Candusso (Rome, U., Tor Vergata &amp, INFN, Rome2), Laurentiu Caramete (Bucharest, Space Sciences), Inst., Caruso, R, Antonella Castellina (IFSI, INFN, Gabriella Cataldi (Salento U., Lorenzo Cazon (LIP, INFN, Rosanna Cester (Turin U., Alan, G Chavez (IFM-UMSNH, Michoacan), Andrea Chiavassa (IFSI, Jose Augusto Chinellato (Campinas State, U. )., Jiri Chudoba (Prague, INFN, Marco Cilmo (Naples U., Roger W Clay (Adelaide, U. )., INFN, Giuseppe Cocciolo (Salento U., INFN, Roberta Colalillo (Naples U., Alan Coleman (Penn State, U. )., INFN, Laura Collica (Milan U., INFN, Maria Rita Coluccia (Salento U., Ruben Conceição (LIP, Fernando Contreras (Pierre Auger, Observ. )., Mathew J Cooper (Adelaide, U. )., Alain Cordier (Orsay, LAL), Stephane Coutu (Penn State, U. )., Corbin Covault (Case Western Reserve, U. )., James Cronin (Chicago, U., EFI), Richard Dallier (Station Radioastronomy, Nancay &amp, SUBATECH, Nantes), Bruno Daniel (Campinas State, U. )., Buenos Aires, Sergio Dasso (Buenos Aires U., IAFE), Kai Daumiller (KIT, Bruce R Dawson (Adelaide, U. )., Rogerio, M de Almeida (Niteroi, Fluminense, U. )., Sijbrand J de Jong (Nijmegen, U., IMAPP &amp, NIKHEF, Amsterdam), Giuseppe De Mauro (Nijmegen, U., Joao de Mello Neto (Rio de Janeiro Federal, U. )., INFN, Ivan De Mitri (Salento U., Jaime de Oliveira (Niteroi, Vitor de Souza (Sao Paulo, U., Sao, Carlos), Luis del Peral (Alcala de Henares, U. )., Olivier Deligny (Orsay, Niraj Dhital (Michigan, Tech. U. )., Claudio Di Giulio (Rome, U., INFN, Armando Di Matteo (L'Aquila U., Aquila), Johana Chirinos Diaz (Michigan, Tech. U. )., Mary Lucia Díaz Castro (Campinas State, U. )., Francisco Diogo (LIP, Carola Dobrigkeit (Campinas State, U. )., Wendy Docters (Groningen, KVI), Juan Carlos D'Olivo (Mexico, U. )., Alexei Dorofeev (Colorado State, U. )., Qader Dorosti Hasankiadeh (KIT, Rita dos Anjos (Sao Paulo, U., Maria Teresa Dova (La Plata, U. )., Jan Ebr (Prague, Ralph Engel (KIT, Martin Erdmann (Aachen, Mona Erfani (Siegen, U. )., Fermilab), Carlos O Escobar (Campinas State U., Joao Espadanal (LIP, Alberto Etchegoyen, (U. Tech. Natl., Heino Falcke (Nijmegen, U., Amsterdam &amp, ASTRON, Dwingeloo), Ke Fang (Chicago, U., Glennys Farrar (New York, U. )., Anderson Fauth (Campinas State, U. )., Norberto Fazzini (Fermilab), Andrew P Ferguson (Case Western Reserve, U. )., Brian Fick (Michigan, Tech. U. )., Juan Manuel Figueira, Alberto, Filevich, Andrej Filipčič (Stefan, Inst., Ljubljana &amp, Nova Gorica, U. )., Octavian Fratu (Bucharest, Martín Miguel Freire (IFIR, Rosario &amp, Rosario, U. )., Toshihiro Fujii (Chicago, U., Beatriz García, (Natl. Tech. U., San, Rafael), Diego Garcia-Gamez (Orsay, Diego Garcia-Pinto (Madrid, U. )., Florian Gate (SUBATECH, Hartmut Gemmeke (KIT, Karlsruhe, IPE), Alexandru Gherghel-Lascu (Bucharest, Piera Luisa Ghia (Paris, U., Ugo Giaccari (Rio de Janeiro Federal, U. )., INFN, Marco Giammarchi (Milan U., Maria, Giller, Dariusz Głas (Lodz, U. )., Christian Glaser (Aachen, Henry Glass (Fermilab), Geraldina, Golup, Mariano Gómez Berisso (Centro Atomico Bariloche &amp, Primo F Gómez Vitale (Pierre Auger, Observ. )., Nicolás, González, Ben Gookin (Colorado State, U. )., Jacob Gordon (Ohio State, U. )., Alessio Gorgi (IFSI, Peter Gorham (Hawaii, U. )., Philippe Gouffon (Sao Paulo, U. )., Nathan Griffith (Ohio State, U. )., Aurelio Grillo (Gran Sasso), Trent D Grubb (Adelaide, U. )., INFN, Fausto Guarino (Naples U., Germano Guedes (UEFS, Feira de Santana), Matías Rolf Hampel, Patricia Hansen (La Plata, U. )., Diego Harari (Centro Atomico Bariloche &amp, Thomas A Harrison (Adelaide, U. )., Sebastian Hartmann (Aachen, John Harton (Colorado State, U. )., Andreas Haungs (KIT, Thomas Hebbeker (Aachen, Dieter Heck (KIT, Philipp Heimann (Siegen, U. )., Alexander, E Herve (KIT, Gary C Hill (Adelaide, U. )., Carlos Hojvat (Fermilab), Nicholas Hollon (Chicago, U., Ewa Holt (KIT, Piotr Homola (Wuppertal, U. )., Jörg Hörandel (Nijmegen, U., Pavel Horvath (Palacky, U. )., Miroslav Hrabovský (Prague, Ins, t. Phys. &amp, Palacky U. )., Daniel Huber (KIT, Tim Huege (KIT, INFN, Antonio Insolia (Catania U., Paula Gina Isar (Bucharest, Ingolf Jandt (Wuppertal, U. )., Stefan Jansen (Nijmegen, U., Cecilia Jarne (La Plata, U. )., Jeffrey, A Johnsen (Colorado School of Mines), Mariela, Josebachuili, Alex Kääpä (Wuppertal, U. )., Olga Kambeitz (KIT, Karl Heinz Kampert (Wuppertal, U. )., Peter Kasper (Fermilab), Igor Katkov (KIT, Bianca Keilhauer (KIT, Ernesto Kemp (Campinas State, U. )., Roger Kieckhafer (Michigan, Tech. U. )., Hans Klages (KIT, Matthias Kleifges (KIT, Jonny Kleinfeller (Pierre Auger, Observ. )., Raphael Krause (Aachen, Nicole Krohm (Wuppertal, U. )., Daniel Kuempel (Aachen, Gasper Kukec Mezek (Nova Gorica, U. )., Norbert Kunka (KIT, Alaa Metwaly Kuotb Awad (KIT, Danielle LaHurd (Case Western Reserve, U. )., Luca Latronico (IFSI, Robert Lauer (New Mexico, U. )., Markus Lauscher (Aachen, Pascal Lautridou (SUBATECH, Sandra Le Coz, Didier Lebrun (LPSC, Paul Lebrun (Fermilab), Marcelo Augusto Leigui de Oliveira (ABC Federal, U. )., Antoine Letessier-Selvon (Paris, U., Isabelle Lhenry-Yvon (Orsay, Katrin Link (KIT, Luis Lopes (LIP, Rebeca López (Puebla, U., Ins, t. Fis. )., Aida López Casado (Santiago de Compostela, U. )., Karim Louedec (LPSC, Agustin, Lucero, Max Malacari (Adelaide, U. )., INFN, Manuela Mallamaci (Milan U., Jennifer Maller (SUBATECH, Dusan Mandat (Prague, Paul Mantsch (Fermilab), Analisa Mariazzi (La Plata, U. )., Vincent Marin (SUBATECH, CAFPE, Ioana Mariş (Granada U., Giovanni, Marsella, INFN, Daniele Martello (Salento U., Humberto Martinez (CINVESTAV, Oscar Martínez Bravo (Puebla, U., Diane Martraire (Orsay, Jimmy Masías Meza (Buenos Aires, U. )., Hermann-Josef Mathes (KIT, Sebastian Mathys (Wuppertal, U. )., James Matthews (Louisiana State, U. )., John Matthews (New Mexico, U. )., Giorgio Matthiae (Rome, U., Daniela Maurizio (Rio de Janeiro, CBPF), Eric Mayotte (Colorado School of Mines), Peter Mazur (Fermilab), Carlos Medina (Colorado School of Mines), Gustavo Medina-Tanco (Mexico, U. )., Rebecca Meissner (Aachen, Victor Mello (Rio de Janeiro Federal, U. )., Diego, Melo, Alexander Menshikov (KIT, Stefano Messina (Groningen, Maria Isabel Micheletti (IFIR, Lukas Middendorf (Aachen, Ignacio A Minaya (Madrid, U. )., INFN, Lino Miramonti (Milan U., Bogdan Mitrica (Bucharest, CAFPE, Laura Molina-Bueno (Granada U., Silvia Mollerach (Centro Atomico Bariloche &amp, François Montanet (LPSC, Carlo Morello (IFSI, Miguel Mostafá (Penn State, U. )., Celio A Moura (ABC Federal, U. )., Marcio Aparecido Muller (Campinas State, U. )., Gero Müller (Aachen, Sarah Müller (KIT, CAFPE, Sergio Navas (Granada U., Petr Necesal (Prague, Lukas Nellen (Mexico, U. )., Anna Nelles (Nijmegen, U., Jens Neuser (Wuppertal, U. )., Phong H Nguyen (Adelaide, U. )., Mihai Niculescu-Oglinzanu (Bucharest, Marcus Niechciol (Siegen, U. )., Lukas Niemietz (Wuppertal, U. )., Tim Niggemann (Aachen, Dave Nitz (Michigan, Tech. U. )., Dalibor, Nosek, Vladimir Novotny (Charles, U. )., Lyberis Nožka (Palacky, U. )., Luis Núñez (Cantabria, U., Livingstone Ochilo (Siegen, U. )., Foteini Oikonomou (Penn State, U. )., Angela Olinto (Chicago, U., Noelia Pacheco (Alcala de Henares, U. )., Daniel Pakk Selmi-Dei (Campinas State, U. )., Miroslav Palatka (Prague, Juan Pallotta (LIDAR CITEFA), Philipp Papenbreer (Wuppertal, U. )., Gonzalo Parente (Santiago de Compostela, U. )., Alejandra Parra (Puebla, U., Thomas Paul (Lehman, Coll. &amp, Northeastern U. )., Miroslav Pech (Prague, Jan Pękala (Cracow, Rodrigo Pelayo (Ulisted, MX), Iuri Pepe (Bahia, U. )., INFN, Lorenzo Perrone (Salento U., Emily Petermann (Nebraska, U. )., Christine Peters (Aachen, INFN, Sergio Petrera (L'Aquila U., Yevgeniy Petrov (Colorado State, U. )., Jamyang Phuntsok (Penn State, U. )., Ricardo Piegaia (Buenos Aires, U. )., Tanguy Pierog (KIT, Pablo Pieroni (Buenos Aires, U. )., Mário Pimenta (LIP, INFN, Valerio Pirronello (Catania U., Manuel, Platino, Matthias Plum (Aachen, Alessio Porcelli (KIT, Czeslaw Porowski (Cracow, Raul Ribeiro Prado (Sao Paulo, U., Paolo Privitera (Chicago, U., Michael Prouza (Prague, Eduardo, J Quel (LIDAR CITEFA), Sven Querchfeld (Wuppertal, U. )., Sean Quinn (Case Western Reserve, U. )., Julian Rautenberg (Wuppertal, U. )., Olivier Ravel (SUBATECH, Diego, Ravignani, Darius Reinert (Aachen, Benoît Revenu (SUBATECH, Jan Ridky (Prague, Markus Risse (Siegen, U. )., Pablo Ristori (LIDAR CITEFA), INFN, Vincenzo Rizi (L'Aquila U., Washington Rodrigues de Carvalho (Santiago de Compostela, U. )., Jorge Rubén Rodriguez Rojo (Pierre Auger, Observ. )., Maria Dolores Rodríguez-Frías (Alcala de Henares, U. )., Dmytro Rogozin (KIT, Jaime Rosado (Madrid, U. )., Markus Roth (KIT, Esteban Roulet (Centro Atomico Bariloche &amp, Adrian Rovero (Buenos Aires, Steven J Saffi (Adelaide, U. )., Alexandra Saftoiu (Bucharest, Humberto Salazar (Puebla, U., Ahmed Saleh (Nova Gorica, U. )., Francisco Salesa Greus (Penn State, U. )., Gaetano Salina (Rome, U., Jose Sanabria Gomez (Cantabria, U., Federico, Sánchez, CAFPE, Patricia Sanchez-Lucas (Granada U., Edivaldo Moura Santos (Sao Paulo, U. )., Eva Santos (Campinas State, U. )., Fred Sarazin (Colorado School of Mines), Biswaijt Sarkar (Wuppertal, U. )., Raul Sarmento (LIP, Christian Sarmiento-Cano (Cantabria, U., Ricardo, Sato, Carlos Scarso (Pierre Auger, Observ. )., Markus Schauer (Wuppertal, U. )., INFN, Viviana Scherini (Salento U., Harald, Schieler, David Schmidt (KIT, Olaf Scholten (Groningen, Harm Schoorlemmer (Hawaii, U. )., Petr Schovánek (Prague, Frank, G Schröder, Alexander Schulz (KIT, Johannes Schulz (Nijmegen, U., Johannes Schumacher (Aachen, Sergio Sciutto (La Plata, U. )., Alberto Segreto (IASF, Palermo), Mariangela Settimo (Paris, U., Amir Shadkam (Louisiana State, U. )., Ronald, C Shellard (Rio de Janeiro, Guenter Sigl (Hamburg, U., Octavian Sima (Bucharest, U. )., Andrzej Śmiałkowski (Lodz, U. )., Radomir Šmída (KIT, Gregory Snow (Nebraska, U. )., Paul Sommers (Penn State, U. )., Sebastian Sonntag (Siegen, U. )., J Sorokin (Adelaide, U. )., Ruben Squartini (Pierre Auger, Observ. )., Yogendra N Srivastava (Northeastern, U. )., Denis Stanca (Bucharest, Samo Stanič (Nova Gorica, U. )., James Stapleton (Ohio State, U. )., Jaroslaw Stasielak (Cracow, Maurice Stephan (Aachen, Anne Stutz (LPSC, Federico Suarez, (U. Tech. Natl., Mauricio Suarez Durán (Cantabria, U., Tiina Suomijärvi (Orsay, A Daniel Supanitsky (Buenos Aires, Michael Sutherland (Ohio State, U. )., John Swain (Northeastern, U. )., Zbigniew Szadkowski (Lodz, U. )., Oscar Alejandro Taborda (Centro Atomico Bariloche &amp, Alex, Tapia, Andreas Tepe (Siegen, U. )., Vanessa Menezes Theodoro (Campinas State, U. )., Omar Tibolla (Unlisted, Charles Timmermans (Nijmegen, U., Carlos, J Todero Peixoto, Gabriel Toma (Bucharest, Lenka Tomankova (KIT, Bernardo Tomé (LIP, INFN, Aurelio Tonachini (Turin U., Guillermo Torralba Elipe (Santiago de Compostela, U. )., Diego Torres Machado (Rio de Janeiro Federal, U. )., Petr Travnicek (Prague, Marta Trini (Nova Gorica, U. )., Ralf Ulrich (KIT, Michael Unger (KIT, New York, U. )., Martin Urban (Aachen, Jose F Valdés Galicia (Mexico, U. )., Ines Valiño (Santiago de Compostela, U. )., INFN, Laura Valore (Naples U., Guus van Aar (Nijmegen, U., Patrick van Bodegom (Adelaide, U. )., M van den Berg (Groningen, Ad, Sjoert van Velzen (Nijmegen, U., Arjen van Vliet (Hamburg, U., Enrique Varela (Puebla, U., Bernardo Vargas Cárdenas (Mexico, U. )., Gary Varner (Hawaii, U. )., Rafael Vasquez (Rio de Janeiro Federal, U. )., Jose R Vázquez (Madrid, U. )., Ricardo Vázquez (Santiago de Compostela, U. )., Darko Veberič (KIT, Valerio Verzi (Rome, U., Jakub Vicha (Prague, Mariela, Videla, Luis Villaseñor (IFM-UMSNH, Brian Vlcek (Alcala de Henares, U. )., Serguei Vorobiov (Nova Gorica, U. )., Hernan Wahlberg (La Plata, U. )., Oscar Wainberg, (U. Tech. Natl., David Walz (Aachen, Alan, Watson, Marc Weber (KIT, Klaus Weidenhaupt (Aachen, Andreas Weindl (KIT, Christoph Welling (Aachen, Felix Werner (KIT, Allan Widom (Northeastern, U. )., Lawrence Wiencke (Colorado School of Mines), Henryk Wilczyński (Cracow, Tobias, Winchen, David Wittkowski (Wuppertal, U. )., Brian, Wundheiler, Sarka Wykes (Nijmegen, U., Lili Yang (Nova Gorica, U. )., Tolga Yapici (Michigan, Tech. U. )., Alexey Yushkov (Siegen, U. )., Enrique Zas (Santiago de Compostela, U. )., Danilo, Zavrtanik, Marko Zavrtanik (Stefan, Inst., Arnulfo Zepeda (CINVESTAV, Benedikt Zimmermann (KIT, Michael Ziolkowski (Siegen, U. )., INFN, Francesca Zuccarello (Catania U., Catania), ), Aab, A., Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Ahn, E. J., Al Samarai, I., Albuquerque, I. F. M., Allekotte, I., Allison, P., Almela, A., Alvarez Castillo, J., Alvarez Muñiz, J., Alves Batista, R., Ambrosio, M., Aminaei, A., Anastasi, G. A., Anchordoqui, L., Andringa, S., Aramo, C., Arqueros, F., Arsene, N., Asorey, H., Assis, P., Aublin, J., Avila, G., Awal, N., Badescu, A. M., Baus, C., Beatty, J. J., Becker, K. H., Bellido, J. A., Berat, C., Bertaina, M. E., Bertou, X., Biermann, P. L., Billoir, P., Blaess, S. G., Blanco, A., Blanco, M., Blazek, J., Bleve, C., Blümer, H., Boháčová, M., Boncioli, D., Bonifazi, C., Borodai, N., Brack, J., Brancus, I., Bretz, T., Bridgeman, A., Brogueira, P., Buchholz, P., Bueno, A., Buitink, S., Buscemi, M., Caballero Mora, K. S., Caccianiga, B., Caccianiga, L., Candusso, M., Caramete, L., Caruso, R., Castellina, A., Cataldi, G., Cazon, L., Cester, R., Chavez, A. G., Chiavassa, A., Chinellato, J. A., Chudoba, J., Cilmo, M., Clay, R. W., Cocciolo, G., Colalillo, Roberta, Coleman, A., Collica, L., Coluccia, M. R., Conceição, R., Contreras, F., Cooper, M. J., Cordier, A., Coutu, S., Covault, C. E., Cronin, J., Dallier, R., Daniel, B., Dasso, S., Daumiller, K., Dawson, B. R., De Almeida, R. M., De Jong, S. J., De Mauro, G., De Mello Neto, J. R. T., De Mitri, I., De Oliveira, J., De Souza, V., Del Peral, L., Deligny, O., Dhital, N., Di Giulio, C., Di Matteo, A., Diaz, J. C., Díaz Castro, M. L., Diogo, F., Dobrigkeit, C., Docters, W., D'Olivo, J. C., Dorofeev, A., Dorosti Hasankiadeh, Q., Dos Anjos, R. C., Dova, M. T., Ebr, J., Engel, R., Erdmann, M., Erfani, M., Escobar, C. O., Espadanal, J., Etchegoyen, A., Falcke, H., Fang, K., Farrar, G., Fauth, A. C., Fazzini, N., Ferguson, A. P., Fick, B., Figueira, J. M., Filevich, A., Filipčič, A., Fratu, O., Freire, M. M., Fujii, T., García, B., Garcia Gamez, D., Garcia Pinto, D., Gate, F., Gemmeke, H., Gherghel Lascu, A., Ghia, P. L., Giaccari, U., Giammarchi, M., Giller, M., Głas, D., Glaser, C., Glass, H., Golup, G., Gómez Berisso, M., Gómez Vitale, P. F., González, N., Gookin, B., Gordon, J., Gorgi, A., Gorham, P., Gouffon, P., Griffith, N., Grillo, A. F., Grubb, T. D., Guarino, Fausto, Guedes, G. P., Hampel, M. R., Hansen, P., Harari, D., Harrison, T. A., Hartmann, S., Harton, J. L., Haungs, A., Hebbeker, T., Heck, D., Heimann, P., Herve, A. E., Hill, G. C., Hojvat, C., Hollon, N., Holt, E., Homola, P., Hörandel, J. R., Horvath, P., Hrabovský, M., Huber, D., Huege, T., Insolia, A., Isar, P. G., Jandt, I., Jansen, S., Jarne, C., Johnsen, J. A., Josebachuili, M., Kääpä, A., Kambeitz, O., Kampert, K. H., Kasper, P., Katkov, I., Keilhauer, B., Kemp, E., Kieckhafer, R. M., Klages, H. O., Kleifges, M., Kleinfeller, J., Krause, R., Krohm, N., Kuempel, D., Kukec Mezek, G., Kunka, N., Kuotb Awad, A. W., Lahurd, D., Latronico, L., Lauer, R., Lauscher, M., Lautridou, P., Le Coz, S., Lebrun, D., Lebrun, P., Leigui De Oliveira, M. A., Letessier Selvon, A., Lhenry Yvon, I., Link, K., Lopes, L., López, R., López Casado, A., Louedec, K., Lucero, A., Malacari, M., Mallamaci, M., Maller, J., Mandat, D., Mantsch, P., Mariazzi, A. G., Marin, V., Mariş, I. C., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Martinez, H., Martínez Bravo, O., Martraire, D., Masías Meza, J. J., Mathes, H. J., Mathys, S., Matthews, J., Matthews, J. A. J., Matthiae, G., Maurizio, D., Mayotte, E., Mazur, P. O., Medina, C., Medina Tanco, G., Meissner, R., Mello, V. B. B., Melo, D., Menshikov, A., Messina, S., Micheletti, M. I., Middendorf, L., Minaya, I. A., Miramonti, L., Mitrica, B., Molina Bueno, L., Mollerach, S., Montanet, F., Morello, C., Mostafá, M., Moura, C. A., Muller, M. A., Müller, G., Müller, S., Navas, S., Necesal, P., Nellen, L., Nelles, A., Neuser, J., Nguyen, P. H., Niculescu Oglinzanu, M., Niechciol, M., Niemietz, L., Niggemann, T., Nitz, D., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nožka, L., Núñez, L. A., Ochilo, L., Oikonomou, F., Olinto, A., Pacheco, N., Pakk Selmi Dei, D., Palatka, M., Pallotta, J., Papenbreer, P., Parente, G., Parra, A., Paul, T., Pech, M., Pokala, J., Pelayo, R., Pepe, I. M., Perrone, L., Petermann, E., Peters, C., Petrera, S., Petrov, Y., Phuntsok, J., Piegaia, R., Pierog, T., Pieroni, P., Pimenta, M., Pirronello, V., Platino, M., Plum, M., Porcelli, A., Porowski, C., Prado, R. R., Privitera, P., Prouza, M., Quel, E. J., Querchfeld, S., Quinn, S., Rautenberg, J., Ravel, O., Ravignani, D., Reinert, D., Revenu, B., Ridky, J., Risse, M., Ristori, P., Rizi, V., Rodrigues De Carvalho, W., Rodriguez Rojo, J., Rodríguez Frías, M. D., Rogozin, D., Rosado, J., Roth, M., Roulet, E., Rovero, A. C., Saffi, S. J., Saftoiu, A., Salazar, H., Saleh, A., Salesa Greus, F., Salina, G., Sanabria Gomez, J. D., Sánchez, F., Sanchez Lucas, P., Santos, E., Santos, E. M., Sarazin, F., Sarkar, B., Sarmento, R., Sarmiento Cano, C., Sato, R., Scarso, C., Schauer, M., Scherini, V., Schieler, H., Schmidt, D., Scholten, O., Schoorlemmer, H., Schovánek, P., Schröder, F. G., Schulz, A., Schulz, J., Schumacher, J., Sciutto, S. J., Segreto, A., Settimo, M., Shadkam, A., Shellard, R. C., Sigl, G., Sima, O., Śmiałkowski, A., Šmída, R., Snow, G. R., Sommers, P., Sonntag, S., Sorokin, J., Squartini, R., Srivastava, Y. N., Stanca, D., Stanič, S., Stapleton, J., Stasielak, J., Stephan, M., Stutz, A., Suarez, F., Suarez Durán, M., Suomijärvi, T., Supanitsky, A. D., Sutherland, M. S., Swain, J., Szadkowski, Z., Taborda, O. A., Tapia, A., Tepe, A., Theodoro, V. M., Timmermans, C., Todero Peixoto, C. J., Toma, G., Tomankova, L., Tomé, B., Tonachini, A., Torralba Elipe, G., Torres Machado, D., Travnicek, P., Trini, M., Ulrich, R., Unger, M., Urban, M., Valdés Galicia, J. F., Valiño, I., Valore, Laura, Van Aar, G., Van Bodegom, P., Van Den Berg, A. M., Van Velzen, S., Van Vliet, A., Varela, E., Vargas Cárdenas, B., Varner, G., Vasquez, R., Vázquez, J. R., Vázquez, R. A., Veberič, D., Verzi, V., Vicha, J., Videla, M., Villaseñor, L., Vlcek, B., Vorobiov, S., Wahlberg, H., Wainberg, O., Walz, D., Watson, A. A., Weber, M., Weidenhaupt, K., Weindl, A., Welling, C., Werner, F., Widom, A., Wiencke, L., Wilczyński, H., Winchen, T., Wittkowski, D., Wundheiler, B., Wykes, S., Yang, L., Yapici, T., Yushkov, A., Zas, E., Zavrtanik, D., Zavrtanik, M., Zepeda, A., Zimmermann, B., Ziolkowski, M., Zuccarello, F., Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Laboratoire SUBATECH Nantes (SUBATECH), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Scientifique de la Station de Nançay (USN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Pierre AUGER, ANR-11-IDEX-0004,SUPER,Sorbonne Universités à Paris pour l'Enseignement et la Recherche(2011), ANR-10-LABX-0063,ILP,Institute Lagrange of Paris(2010), European Project: 328826,EC:FP7:PEOPLE,FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF,AUGER2FUTURE(2013), Elementary Particle Physics, Physics, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ahn, E. . j., Albuquerque, I. . f. . m., Anastasi, G. . a., Badescu, A. . m., Beatty, J. . j., Becker, K. . h., Bellido, J. . a., Bertaina, M. . e., Biermann, P. . l., Blaess, S. . g., Bleve, Carla, Caballero Mora, K. . s., Chavez, A. . g., Chinellato, J. . a., Clay, R. . w., Colalillo, R., Coluccia, MARIA RITA, Cooper, M. . j., Covault, C. . e., Dawson, B. . r., de Almeida, R. . m., de Jong, S. . j., de Mello Neto, J. . r. . t., DE MITRI, Ivan, de Oliveira, J., de Souza, V., del Peral, L., Diaz, J. . c., Díaz Castro, M. . l., D’Olivo, J. . c., dos Anjos, R. . c., Dova, M. . t., Escobar, C. . o., Fauth, A. . c., Ferguson, A. . p., Figueira, J. . m., Freire, M. . m., Ghia, P. . l., Gómez Vitale, P. . f., Grillo, A. . f., Grubb, T. . d., Guarino, F., Guedes, G. . p., Hampel, M. . r., Harrison, T. . a., Harton, J. . l., Herve, A. . e., Hill, G. . c., Hörandel, J. . r., Isar, P. . g., Johnsen, J. . a., Kampert, K. . h., Kieckhafer, R. . m., Klages, H. . o., Kuotb Awad, A. . w., Leigui de Oliveira, M. . a., Mariazzi, A. . g., Mariş, I. . c., Marsella, Giovanni, Martello, Daniele, Masías Meza, J. . j., Mathes, H. . j., Matthews, J. . a. . j., Mazur, P. . o., Mello, V. . b. . b., Micheletti, M. . i., Minaya, I. . a., Moura, C. . a., Muller, M. . a., Nguyen, P. . h., Núñez, L. . a., Pȩkala, J., Pepe, I. . m., Perrone, Lorenzo, Prado, R. . r., Quel, E. . j., Rodrigues de Carvalho, W., Rodríguez Frías, M. . d., Rovero, A. . c., Saffi, S. . j., Sanabria Gomez, J. . d., Santos, E. . m., Schröder, F. . g., Sciutto, S. . j., Shellard, R. . c., Snow, G. . r., Srivastava, Y. . n., Supanitsky, A. . d., Sutherland, M. . s., Taborda, O. . a., Theodoro, V. . m., Todero Peixoto, C. . j., Valdés Galicia, J. . f., Valore, L., van Aar, G., van Bodegom, P., van den Berg, A. . m., van Velzen, S., van Vliet, A., Vázquez, J. . r., Vázquez, R. . a., Watson, A. . a., Research unit Astroparticle Physics, and Research unit Nuclear & Hadron Physics

Subjects
Cosmic ray showers, Astronomy, Ciencias Físicas, ULTRA HIGH ENERGY COSMIC RAYS, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https], ultra-high energy cosmic rays, extensive air showers, radio energy estimation, CODALEMA, Observatory, Radio detection, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING, Física nuclear, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS, EXTENSIVE AIR-SHOWERS, MONTE-CARLO SIMULATIONS, EMISSION, [PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], Nuclear and High Energy Physics, EXTENSIVE AIR-SHOWERS, MONTE-CARLO SIMULATIONS, EMISSION, CODALEMA, COREAS, LOFAR, AIR SHOWERS, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, EXTENSIVE AIR-SHOWERS, RADIO EMISSION, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Cosmic rays, Pierre Auger Observatory, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Radiant energy, Física, LOFAR, purl.org/becyt/ford/1.3 [https], ASTROFÍSICA, Computational physics, Astronomía, COREAS, Earth's magnetic field, Air shower, Experimental High Energy Physics, EMISSION, MONTE-CARLO SIMULATIONS
Abstract

The Auger Engineering Radio Array (AERA) is part of the Pierre Auger Observatory and is used to detect the radio emission of cosmic-ray air showers. These observations are compared to the data of the surface detector stations of the Observatory, which provide well-calibrated information on the cosmic-ray energies and arrival directions. The response of the radio stations in the 30-80 MHz regime has been thoroughly calibrated to enable the reconstruction of the incoming electric field. For the latter, the energy deposit per area is determined from the radio pulses at each observer position and is interpolated using a two-dimensional function that takes into account signal asymmetries due to interference between the geomagnetic and charge-excess emission components. The spatial integral over the signal distribution gives a direct measurement of the energy transferred from the primary cosmic ray into radio emission in the AERA frequency range. We measure 15.8 MeV of radiation energy for a 1 EeV air shower arriving perpendicularly to the geomagnetic field. This radiation energy - corrected for geometrical effects - is used as a cosmic-ray energy estimator. Performing an absolute energy calibration against the surface-detector information, we observe that this radio-energy estimator scales quadratically with the cosmic-ray energy as expected for coherent emission. We find an energy resolution of the radio reconstruction of 22% for the data set and 17% for a high-quality subset containing only events with at least five radio stations with signal., La lista completa de autores que integran el documento puede consultarse en el archivo, Instituto de Física La Plata

Published
2016

15. Measurement of the radiation energy in the radio signal of extensive air showers as a universal estimator of cosmic-ray energy

Author

Alaa Kuotb Awad, Benoît Revenu, James Matthews, Alexandra Saftoiu, Alberto Filevich, Peter Hansen, Ivan De Mitri, I. Lhenry-Yvon, John Matthews, Peter Buchholz, Philipp Papenbreer, Petr Travnicek, H. Wahlberg, A. Nelles, R. Piegaia, I.M. Brancus, Alan Coleman, T. Hebbeker, Trent D. Grubb, D. Huber, Marco Aglietta, Eun-Joo Ahn, S. Vorobiov, K. Weidenhaupt, E.M. Holt, B. Wundheiler, A. Saleh, A. Parra, R. J. Lauer, Juan Manuel Figueira, S. Jansen, Bruno Daniel, Maria-Teresa Dova, Foteini Oikonomou, M. R. Hampel, Peter Mazur, J. Sorokin, Marcelo Augusto Leigui de Oliveira, Sarka Wykes, R. Meissner, Octavian Fratu, G. Parente, M. Trini, Roberta Colalillo, O. Wainberg, C. Bleve, P. Pieroni, S. Müller, Vincenzo Rizi, Nicusor Arsene, Julian Rautenberg, V. B. B. Mello, K. H. Becker, A. G. Mariazzi, Eric Mayotte, Jeffrey A. Johnsen, Sven Querchfeld, L. Perrone, R. C. Shellard, W. Docters, Carlos Hojvat, Ernesto Kemp, Xavier Bertou, Luis del Peral, Ugo Giaccari, Henryk Wilczyński, J. J. Beatty, Norbert Kunka, D. Nitz, Silvia Mollerach, D. Lebrun, S. Quinn, Sjoert van Velzen, Primo F. Gómez Vitale, R. Sato, S. Coutu, Norberto Fazzini, Antonio Bueno, Antonio Insolia, M. Josebachuili, Gualberto Avila, Ingomar Allekotte, G. Matthiae, Angela V. Olinto, O. Kambeitz, M. Ambrosio, Eva Santos, R. Krause, Jose Sanabria Gomez, M. Zavrtanik, Fred Sarazin, Lukas Nellen, B. Caccianiga, Julien Aublin, A. Shadkam, Amin Aminaei, Rafael Alves Batista, Jakub Vicha, Pedro Assis, Radomir Smida, Diego Harari, B. Gookin, P. H. Nguyen, Alberto Etchegoyen, Darius Reinert, Lorenzo Caccianiga, V. M. Theodoro, Tobias Winchen, D. Martello, Karen S. Caballero-Mora, Michael Unger, D. Melo, Luca Latronico, Guenter Sigl, D. Garcia-Pinto, Alessio Gorgi, Paul Sommers, A. Blanco, M. J. Cooper, S. Stanič, Carlos Medina, Tanguy Pierog, Mariano Gómez Berisso, D. Rogozin, Alejandro Almela, E. M. Santos, P. Heimann, Florian Gaté, J. R. Vázquez, Carla Bonifazi, Bernardo Vargas Cárdenas, A. C. Rovero, B. Tome, Marco Giammarchi, D. Garcia-Gamez, J. W. H. Gordon, Jose A. Bellido, L. Niemietz, S. Hartmann, Martin Erdmann, Jan Pękala, Hans Klages, A. Chiavassa, P. Sanchez-Lucas, Vitor de Souza, Bruce R. Dawson, Tim Huege, Carola Dobrigkeit, M. Plum, P. Abreu, Miguel Mostafá, C. Porowski, S. Sonntag, Markus Risse, Christian Sarmiento-Cano, B. Vlcek, Dariusz Glas, Diego Ravignani, O. A. Taborda, M. Settimo, M. Blanco, Mário Pimenta, Gregory R Snow, Pablo Ristori, P. H. Kasper, Gaetano Salina, Maria Rita Coluccia, Yogendra N. Srivastava, Alan Watson, Glennys R. Farrar, C. Jarne, A. Śmiałkowski, Andreas Weindl, Jaime Rosado, R. Cester, Alina Mihaela Badescu, F. Sánchez, N. Awal, Beatriz García, Jeffrey Brack, Olaf Scholten, Humberto Ibarguen Salazar, J. W. Cronin, Harald Schieler, Antoine Letessier-Selvon, C. Aramo, B. Mitrica, Heino Falcke, Nicolás González, Mihai Niculescu-Oglinzanu, Jonny Kleinfeller, K. Louedec, Arnulfo Zepeda, Armando di Matteo, G. Cocciolo, Roger W Clay, R. López, M. Mallamaci, F. G. Schröder, Mary Lucia Díaz Castro, Denise Boncioli, Jiri Chudoba, P. Lebrun, Alex Kääpä, Alberto Segreto, G. Toma, Benedikt Zimmermann, Rúben Conceição, R. Vasquez, Dusan Mandat, Colin Baus, Darko Veberič, D. Martraire, Oscar Martínez Bravo, Miroslav Hrabovský, T. Yapici, Alexey Yushkov, G. A. Anastasi, Pascal Lautridou, W. R. Carvalho, Dieter Heck, Martin Urban, G. S. Varner, Nataliia Borodai, Toshihiro Fujii, A. Menshikov, C. Morello, Jaroslaw Stasielak, Luis A. Anchordoqui, Markus Roth, N. Griffith, S. G. Blaess, Niraj Dhital, Jörg R. Hörandel, Thomas Harrison, Jaime de Oliveira, I. Valiño, H. Blümer, Max Malacari, Lili Yang, Laura Valore, L. Lopes, Lukas Middendorf, Corinne Berat, Piotr Homola, Lawrence Wiencke, Fausto Guarino, A. Filipčič, A. Aab, Johannes Schumacher, J. Neuser, Alex Tapia, Christine Peters, Ad M. van den Berg, Juan Pallotta, S. Le Coz, Jaime Alvarez-Muñiz, Alexandru Gherghel-Lascu, Mauricio Suaréz Durán, Petr Schovanek, L. Caramete, Rita dos Anjos, João de Mello Neto, H. Gemmeke, Peter L. Biermann, Sergio Sciutto, L. Ochilo, T. Suomijärvi, Karl-Heinz Kampert, Antonella Castellina, M. I. Micheletti, Federico Suarez, A. Schulz, J. Stapleton, L. Molina-Bueno, Q. Hasankiadeh, L. Tomankova, F. Arqueros, P. Necesal, Daniel Pakk Selmi-Dei, Imen Al Samarai, Martina Bohacova, David Walz, Johannes Schulz, Ruben Squartini, Paolo Privitera, F. Diogo, Juan Carlos D'Olivo, Patrick van Bodegom, Esteban Roulet, Patrick Allison, I. A. Minaya, Hernán Asorey, John Swain, Thomas Bretz, R.R. Prado, Harm Schoorlemmer, John L. Harton, T. Paul, A. Lucero, Jan Ridky, Marc Weber, F. Werner, Katrin Link, Denis Stanca, Guus van Aar, D. Maurizio, A. P. Ferguson, Corbin Covault, Y. Petrov, Geraldina Golup, Alexander Grillo, Zbigniew Szadkowski, Alessio Porcelli, J. C. Diaz, Rodrigo Pelayo, Stijn Buitink, N. Hollon, Olivier Ravel, C. A. Moura, Jose F. Valdés Galicia, Brian Fick, Lino Miramonti, Luis A. Nunez, M. Buscemi, C. Scarso, C. Welling, Marcus Niechciol, V. Novotny, Arjen van Vliet, A. Stutz, E. Varela, Rossella Caruso, S. Mathys, M. Erfani, Eduardo Quel, Henry Glass, Michael Sutherland, Francisco Salesa Greus, Guillermo Torralba Elipe, Piera Luisa Ghia, I. Jandt, Octavian Sima, Manuel Platino, M. D. Rodríguez-Frías, M. Schauer, N. Pacheco, Tim Niggemann, D. Nosek, Jan Ebr, V. Scherini, Jimmy Masías Meza, M. Candusso, Peter Gorham, Valerio Pirronello, Charles Timmermans, L. Collica, Sergio Petrera, Paul M. Mantsch, Miroslav Palatka, Jesus Alvarez Castillo, J. Blazek, Gustavo Medina-Tanco, Anderson Fauth, Vincent Marin, Rogerio M. de Almeida, M. E. Bertaina, B. Sarkar, Christian Glaser, S. Messina, Claudio Di Giulio, L. Nožka, J. Espadanal, Diego Torres Machado, Paula Gina Isar, Pedro Brogueira, G. Cataldi, Sergio Dasso, Martín Miguel Freire, P. Billoir, Aida López Casado, Carlos J. Todero Peixoto, G. Marsella, Daniel Kuempel, Carlos Escobar, R.M. Kieckhafer, Iuri Muniz Pepe, Maria Giller, Hermann-Josef Mathes, A. Cordier, Ivone F. M. Albuquerque, Ke Fang, Gašper Kukec Mezek, I. Katkov, Richard Dallier, Francesca Zuccarello, Kai Daumiller, Maurice Stephan, M. Ziolkowski, A. Tonachini, A.E. Herve, F. Montanet, J. Maller, V. Verzi, David Schmidt, S. Sánchez Navas, Jose Chinellato, Lorenzo Cazon, Ioana Codrina Maris, Ricardo Vázquez, Giuseppe De Mauro, G. C. Hill, Ralph Engel, Andreas Haungs, M. Videla, A. Daniel Supanitsky, Matthias Kleifges, H. Martinez, David Wittkowski, Germano Guedes, Danielle LaHurd, Olivier Deligny, Marcio Aparecido Muller, A. Dorofeev, L. Villaseñor, Marco Cilmo, Jorge Rubén Rodriguez Rojo, A. Bridgeman, E. Petermann, S. J. Saffi, Markus Lauscher, J. Phuntsok, Raul Sarmento, M. Prouza, Bianca Keilhauer, A. G. Chavez, Enrique Zas, Sijbrand J. de Jong, Fernando Contreras, N. Krohm, Miroslav Pech, R. Ulrich, Pavel Horvath, P. Gouffon, Allan Widom, Danilo Zavrtanik, Gero Müller, Sofia Andringa, A. Tepe, Research unit Nuclear & Hadron Physics, Research unit Astroparticle Physics, Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Unité Scientifique de la Station de Nançay (USN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO), Laboratoire SUBATECH Nantes (SUBATECH), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes), Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Pierre Auger Collaboration, ANR-11-IDEX-0004,SUPER,Sorbonne Universités à Paris pour l'Enseignement et la Recherche(2011), European Project: 328826,EC:FP7:PEOPLE,FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF,AUGER2FUTURE(2013), European Project: 246806,EC:FP7:PEOPLE,FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IRSES,EPLANET(2011), Aab, A., Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Ahn, E. J., Al Samarai, I., Albuquerque, I. F. M., Allekotte, I., Allison, P., Almela, A., Alvarez Castillo, J., Alvarez Muñiz, J., Alves Batista, R., Ambrosio, M., Aminaei, A., Anastasi, G. A., Anchordoqui, L., Andringa, S., Aramo, C., Arqueros, F., Arsene, N., Asorey, H., Assis, P., Aublin, J., Avila, G., Awal, N., Badescu, A. M., Baus, C., Beatty, J. J., Becker, K. H., Bellido, J. A., Berat, C., Bertaina, M. E., Bertou, X., Biermann, P. L., Billoir, P., Blaess, S. G., Blanco, A., Blanco, M., Blazek, J., Bleve, C., Blümer, H., Boháčová, M., Boncioli, D., Bonifazi, C., Borodai, N., Brack, J., Brancus, I., Bretz, T., Bridgeman, A., Brogueira, P., Buchholz, P., Bueno, A., Buitink, S., Buscemi, M., Caballero Mora, K. S., Caccianiga, B., Caccianiga, L., Candusso, M., Caramete, L., Caruso, R., Castellina, A., Cataldi, G., Cazon, L., Cester, R., Chavez, A. G., Chiavassa, A., Chinellato, J. A., Chudoba, J., Cilmo, M., Clay, R. W., Cocciolo, G., Colalillo, Roberta, Coleman, A., Collica, L., Coluccia, M. R., Conceição, R., Contreras, F., Cooper, M. J., Cordier, A., Coutu, S., Covault, C. E., Cronin, J., Dallier, R., Daniel, B., Dasso, S., Daumiller, K., Dawson, B. R., De Almeida, R. M., De Jong, S. J., De Mauro, G., De Mello Neto, J. R. T., De Mitri, I., De Oliveira, J., De Souza, V., Del Peral, L., Deligny, O., Dhital, N., Di Giulio, C., Di Matteo, A., Diaz, J. C., Díaz Castro, M. L., Diogo, F., Dobrigkeit, C., Docters, W., D'Olivo, J. C., Dorofeev, A., Dorosti Hasankiadeh, Q., Dos Anjos, R. C., Dova, M. T., Ebr, J., Engel, R., Erdmann, M., Erfani, M., Escobar, C. O., Espadanal, J., Etchegoyen, A., Falcke, H., Fang, K., Farrar, G., Fauth, A. C., Fazzini, N., Ferguson, A. P., Fick, B., Figueira, J. M., Filevich, A., Filipčič, A., Fratu, O., Freire, M. M., Fujii, T., García, B., Garcia Gamez, D., Garcia Pinto, D., Gate, F., Gemmeke, H., Gherghel Lascu, A., Ghia, P. L., Giaccari, U., Giammarchi, M., Giller, M., Głas, D., Glaser, C., Glass, H., Golup, G., Gómez Berisso, M., Gómez Vitale, P. F., González, N., Gookin, B., Gordon, J., Gorgi, A., Gorham, P., Gouffon, P., Griffith, N., Grillo, A. F., Grubb, T. D., Guarino, Fausto, Guedes, G. P., Hampel, M. R., Hansen, P., Harari, D., Harrison, T. A., Hartmann, S., Harton, J. L., Haungs, A., Hebbeker, T., Heck, D., Heimann, P., Herve, A. E., Hill, G. C., Hojvat, C., Hollon, N., Holt, E., Homola, P., Hörandel, J. R., Horvath, P., Hrabovský, M., Huber, D., Huege, T., Insolia, A., Isar, P. G., Jandt, I., Jansen, S., Jarne, C., Johnsen, J. A., Josebachuili, M., Kääpä, A., Kambeitz, O., Kampert, K. H., Kasper, P., Katkov, I., Keilhauer, B., Kemp, E., Kieckhafer, R. M., Klages, H. O., Kleifges, M., Kleinfeller, J., Krause, R., Krohm, N., Kuempel, D., Kukec Mezek, G., Kunka, N., Kuotb Awad, A. W., Lahurd, D., Latronico, L., Lauer, R., Lauscher, M., Lautridou, P., Le Coz, S., Lebrun, D., Lebrun, P., Leigui De Oliveira, M. A., Letessier Selvon, A., Lhenry Yvon, I., Link, K., Lopes, L., López, R., López Casado, A., Louedec, K., Lucero, A., Malacari, M., Mallamaci, M., Maller, J., Mandat, D., Mantsch, P., Mariazzi, A. G., Marin, V., Mariş, I. C., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Martinez, H., Martínez Bravo, O., Martraire, D., Masías Meza, J. J., Mathes, H. J., Mathys, S., Matthews, J., Matthews, J. A. J., Matthiae, G., Maurizio, D., Mayotte, E., Mazur, P. O., Medina, C., Medina Tanco, G., Meissner, R., Mello, V. B. B., Melo, D., Menshikov, A., Messina, S., Micheletti, M. I., Middendorf, L., Minaya, I. A., Miramonti, L., Mitrica, B., Molina Bueno, L., Mollerach, S., Montanet, F., Morello, C., Mostafá, M., Moura, C. A., Muller, M. A., Müller, G., Müller, S., Navas, S., Necesal, P., Nellen, L., Nelles, A., Neuser, J., Nguyen, P. H., Niculescu Oglinzanu, M., Niechciol, M., Niemietz, L., Niggemann, T., Nitz, D., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nožka, L., Núñez, L. A., Ochilo, L., Oikonomou, F., Olinto, A., Pacheco, N., Pakk Selmi Dei, D., Palatka, M., Pallotta, J., Papenbreer, P., Parente, G., Parra, A., Paul, T., Pech, M., Pkala, J., Pelayo, R., Pepe, I. M., Perrone, L., Petermann, E., Peters, C., Petrera, S., Petrov, Y., Phuntsok, J., Piegaia, R., Pierog, T., Pieroni, P., Pimenta, M., Pirronello, V., Platino, M., Plum, M., Porcelli, A., Porowski, C., Prado, R. R., Privitera, P., Prouza, M., Quel, E. J., Querchfeld, S., Quinn, S., Rautenberg, J., Ravel, O., Ravignani, D., Reinert, D., Revenu, B., Ridky, J., Risse, M., Ristori, P., Rizi, V., Rodrigues De Carvalho, W., Rodriguez Rojo, J., Rodríguez Frías, M. D., Rogozin, D., Rosado, J., Roth, M., Roulet, E., Rovero, A. C., Saffi, S. J., Saftoiu, A., Salazar, H., Saleh, A., Salesa Greus, F., Salina, G., Sanabria Gomez, J. 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Wilczyński H, Winchen T, Wittkowski D, Wundheiler B, Wykes S, Yang L, Yapici T, Yushkov A, Zas E, Zavrtanik D, Zavrtanik M, Zepeda A, Zimmermann B, Ziolkowski M, Zuccarello F, Aab, A, Abreu, P, Aglietta, M, Ahn, E. J, Al Samarai, I, Albuquerque, I. F. M, Allekotte, I, Allison, P, Almela, A, Alvarez Castillo, J, Alvarez Muñiz, J, Alves Batista, R, Ambrosio, M, Aminaei, A, Anastasi, G. A, Anchordoqui, L, Andringa, S, Aramo, C, Arqueros, F, Arsene, N, Asorey, H, Assis, P, Aublin, J, Avila, G, Awal, N, Badescu, A. M, Baus, C, Beatty, J. J, Becker, K. H, Bellido, J. A, Berat, C, Bertaina, M. E, Bertou, X, Biermann, P. L, Billoir, P, Blaess, S. G, Blanco, A, Blanco, M, Blazek, J, Bleve, Carla, Blümer, H, Boháčová, M, Boncioli, D, Bonifazi, C, Borodai, N, Brack, J, Brancus, I, Bretz, T, Bridgeman, A, Brogueira, P, Buchholz, P, Bueno, A, Buitink, S, Buscemi, M, Caballero Mora, K. S, Caccianiga, B, Caccianiga, L, Candusso, M, Caramete, L, Caruso, R, Castellina, A, Cataldi, G, Cazon, L, Cester, R, Chavez, A. G, Chiavassa, A, Chinellato, J. A, Chudoba, J, Cilmo, M, Clay, R. W, Cocciolo, G, Colalillo, R, Coleman, A, Collica, L, Coluccia, MARIA RITA, Conceição, R, Contreras, F, Cooper, M. 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F, Grubb, T. D, Guarino, F, Guedes, G. P, Hampel, M. R, Hansen, P, Harari, D, Harrison, T. A, Hartmann, S, Harton, J. L, Haungs, A, Hebbeker, T, Heck, D, Heimann, P, Herve, A. E, Hill, G. C, Hojvat, C, Hollon, N, Holt, E, Homola, P, Hörandel, J. R, Horvath, P, Hrabovský, M, Huber, D, Huege, T, Insolia, A, Isar, P. G, Jandt, I, Jansen, S, Jarne, C, Johnsen, J. A, Josebachuili, M, Kääpä, A, Kambeitz, O, Kampert, K. H, Kasper, P, Katkov, I, Keilhauer, B, Kemp, E, Kieckhafer, R. M, Klages, H. O, Kleifges, M, Kleinfeller, J, Krause, R, Krohm, N, Kuempel, D, Kukec Mezek, G, Kunka, N, Kuotb Awad, A. W, Lahurd, D, Latronico, L, Lauer, R, Lauscher, M, Lautridou, P, Le Coz, S, Lebrun, D, Lebrun, P, Leigui de Oliveira, M. A, Letessier Selvon, A, Lhenry Yvon, I, Link, K, Lopes, L, López, R, López Casado, A, Louedec, K, Lucero, A, Malacari, M, Mallamaci, M, Maller, J, Mandat, D, Mantsch, P, Mariazzi, A. G, Marin, V, Mariş, I. C, Marsella, Giovanni, Martello, Daniele, Martinez, H, Martínez Bravo, O, Martraire, D, Masías Meza, J. J, Mathes, H. J, Mathys, S, Matthews, J, Matthews, J. A. J, Matthiae, G, Maurizio, D, Mayotte, E, Mazur, P. O, Medina, C, Medina Tanco, G, Meissner, R, Mello, V. B. B, Melo, D, Menshikov, A, Messina, S, Micheletti, M. I, Middendorf, L, Minaya, I. A, Miramonti, L, Mitrica, B, Molina Bueno, L, Mollerach, S, Montanet, F, Morello, C, Mostafá, M, Moura, C. A, Muller, M. A, Müller, G, Müller, S, Navas, S, Necesal, P, Nellen, L, Nelles, A, Neuser, J, Nguyen, P. H, Niculescu Oglinzanu, M, Niechciol, M, Niemietz, L, Niggemann, T, Nitz, D, Nosek, D, Novotny, V, Nožka, L, Núñez, L. A, Ochilo, L, Oikonomou, F, Olinto, A, Pacheco, N, Pakk Selmi Dei, D, Palatka, M, Pallotta, J, Papenbreer, P, Parente, G, Parra, A, Paul, T, Pech, M, Pȩkala, J, Pelayo, R, Pepe, I. M, Perrone, Lorenzo, Petermann, E, Peters, C, Petrera, S, Petrov, Y, Phuntsok, J, Piegaia, R, Pierog, T, Pieroni, P, Pimenta, M, Pirronello, V, Platino, M, Plum, M, Porcelli, A, Porowski, C, Prado, R. R, Privitera, P, Prouza, M, Quel, E. J, Querchfeld, S, Quinn, S, Rautenberg, J, Ravel, O, Ravignani, D, Reinert, D, Revenu, B, Ridky, J, Risse, M, Ristori, P, Rizi, V, Rodrigues de Carvalho, W, Rodriguez Rojo, J, Rodríguez Frías, M. D, Rogozin, D, Rosado, J, Roth, M, Roulet, E, Rovero, A. C, Saffi, S. J, Saftoiu, A, Salazar, H, Saleh, A, Salesa Greus, F, Salina, G, Sanabria Gomez, J. D, Sánchez, F, Sanchez Lucas, P, Santos, E, Santos, E. M, Sarazin, F, Sarkar, B, Sarmento, R, Sarmiento Cano, C, Sato, R, Scarso, C, Schauer, M, Scherini, V, Schieler, H, Schmidt, D, Scholten, O, Schoorlemmer, H, Schovánek, P, Schröder, F. G, Schulz, A, Schulz, J, Schumacher, J, Sciutto, S. J, Segreto, A, Settimo, M, Shadkam, A, Shellard, R. C, Sigl, G, Sima, O, Śmiałkowski, A, Šmída, R, Snow, G. R, Sommers, P, Sonntag, S, Sorokin, J, Squartini, R, Srivastava, Y. N, Stanca, D, Stanič, S, Stapleton, J, Stasielak, J, Stephan, M, Stutz, A, Suarez, F, Suarez Durán, M, Suomijärvi, T, Supanitsky, A. D, Sutherland, M. S, Swain, J, Szadkowski, Z, Taborda, O. A, Tapia, A, Tepe, A, Theodoro, V. M, Timmermans, C, Todero Peixoto, C. J, Toma, G, Tomankova, L, Tomé, B, Tonachini, A, Torralba Elipe, G, Torres Machado, D, Travnicek, P, Trini, M, Ulrich, R, Unger, M, Urban, M, Valdés Galicia, J. F, Valiño, I, Valore, L, van Aar, G, van Bodegom, P, van den Berg, A. M, van Velzen, S, van Vliet, A, Varela, E, Vargas Cárdenas, B, Varner, G, Vasquez, R, Vázquez, J. R, Vázquez, R. A, Veberič, D, Verzi, V, Vicha, J, Videla, M, Villaseñor, L, Vlcek, B, Vorobiov, S, Wahlberg, H, Wainberg, O, Walz, D, Watson, A. A, Weber, M, Weidenhaupt, K, Weindl, A, Welling, C, Werner, F, Widom, A, Wiencke, L, Wilczyński, H, Winchen, T, Wittkowski, D, Wundheiler, B, Wykes, S, Yang, L, Yapici, T, Yushkov, A, Zas, E, Zavrtanik, D, Zavrtanik, M, Zepeda, A, Zimmermann, B, Ziolkowski, M, Elementary Particle Physics, and Physics

Subjects
Ciencias Físicas, Astronomy, General Physics and Astronomy, ultra-high energy cosmic rays, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https], High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), CODALEMA, Observatory, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], GeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.,dictionaries,encyclopedias,glossaries), High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Range (particle radiation), Radio detector, TUNKA-REX, Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Radio Technique, Física nuclear, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, radio emission, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS, Radio wave, [PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], [PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Physics and Astronomy (all), 0103 physical sciences, extensive air showers, High Energy Physics, ultra-high energy cosmic rays, extensive air showers, radio emission, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Cosmic rays, Pierre Auger Observatory, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Radiant energy, Física, LOFAR, purl.org/becyt/ford/1.3 [https], ASTROFÍSICA, SIMULATIONS, Computational physics, Astronomía, COREAS, Experimental High Energy Physics, ARRAY, EMISSION, SIMULATIONS, LOFAR, EMISSION
Abstract

We measure the energy emitted by extensive air showers in the form of radio emission in the frequency range from 30 to 80 MHz. Exploiting the accurate energy scale of the Pierre Auger Observatory, we obtain a radiation energy of 15.8±0.7(stat)±6.7(syst) MeV for cosmic rays with an energy of 1 EeV arriving perpendicularly to a geomagnetic field of 0.24 G, scaling quadratically with the cosmic-ray energy. A comparison with predictions from state-of-the-art first-principles calculations shows agreement with our measurement. The radiation energy provides direct access to the calorimetric energy in the electromagnetic cascade of extensive air showers. Comparison with our result thus allows the direct calibration of any cosmic-ray radio detector against the well-established energy scale of the Pierre Auger Observatory., La lista completa de autores que integran el documento puede consultarse en el archivo, Instituto de Física La Plata

Published
2016

16. Shape parameters measurement of ultralight mirrors

Author

Miroslav Palatka, Miroslav Pech, Miroslav Hrabovský, Petr Schovanek, and Dusan Mandat

Subjects
Wavefront, Image quality, business.industry, Computer science, Process (computing), Measure (physics), Surface finish, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Optics, Surface roughness, Ideal surface, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business, Adaptive optics
Abstract

Two measuring techniques are presented in this paper. These techniques are able to measure and process the shape of the reflecting surfaces. In the first part of the paper the theory and modifications of the optical, mechanical and software design for the Hartmann wavefront analyzer are described. This new method is applied to the non-contact measurement of concave-mirrors shape and objectively defines the shape and specifies the difference of the segment shape from an ideal surface with micrometer accuracy. This difference determines essentially the mirrors image quality. In the second part of the paper attention is concentrated on the other main factor that affects image quality— surface roughness. Thereinafter, physical background and usage of the measuring system and results are presented.

Published
2010

17. Temperature chamber for measurement of fluorescence yield and nitrogen spectrum in the project AIRFLY

Author

Dusan Mandat, Martina Bohacova, Miroslav Hrabovsky, Petr Schovanek, Miroslav Palatka, J. Ridky, Miroslav Pech, and Libor Nozka

Subjects
Physics, business.industry, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, chemistry.chemical_element, Cosmic ray, Nitrogen, Fluorescence, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Fluorescence spectroscopy, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Atmosphere, Optics, chemistry, Yield (chemistry), Calibration, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business, Cherenkov radiation
Abstract

This paper refers to the construction and utilization of the chamber that has been used for measurement of fluorescence yield within the frame of the project AIRFLY. The chamber was designed to simulate some physical conditions in high levels of the atmosphere, particularly pressure, temperature and humidity. The aim of the AIRFLY (AIR FLuorescence Yield) project is to simulate and to measure the process of the fluorescence and Cherenkov emission produced by impact of high-energy cosmic rays (UHECR) on molecules of nitrogen in high levels of the atmosphere. This is required for calibration of fluorescence detectors (FDs) dedicated for monitoring particles of these energies by means of fluorescence measurements.

Published
2009

18. Muons in air showers at the Pierre Auger Observatory

Author

D. Pakk Selmi-Dei, D. Maurizio, Johannes Schumacher, F. Salamida, Lorenzo Caccianiga, V. M. Theodoro, Y. Guardincerri, B. Tome, G. Müller, A. J. Matthews, R. Mussa, Alberto Daniel Supanitsky, A. Śmiałkowski, Markus Roth, C. Morello, Fausto Guarino, Matthias Kleifges, David Wittkowski, Germano Guedes, Danielle LaHurd, Olivier Deligny, Peter L. Biermann, Dusan Mandat, A. van Vliet, Eric Mayotte, Paolo Privitera, M. Gómez Berisso, R. C. Shellard, W. Docters, Yogendra N. Srivastava, M. I. Micheletti, E. Varela, N. Griffith, S. Grebe, M. Zavrtanik, Markus Risse, B. Wilczynska, R. Squartini, John L. Harton, Fred Sarazin, Lukas Nellen, T. Paul, Arnulfo Zepeda, R. Meyhandan, P. Abreu, Antonio Insolia, G. Torralba Elipe, F. Sánchez, Sergio Sciutto, L. Ochilo, D. Ravignani, G. Cocciolo, Eva Santos, R. Krause, Federico Suarez, B. Zamorano, Iván Sidelnik, Luis A. Anchordoqui, I. Al Samarai, Sasa Micanovic, Gaetano Salina, Rúben Conceição, L. Valore, Amin Aminaei, E.M. Holt, J. J. Beatty, Norbert Kunka, S. Messina, Azadeh Keivani, Ricardo Vázquez, W. Rodrigues de Carvalho, Maria Giller, A. Saleh, Maria-Teresa Dova, D. Nitz, Silvia Mollerach, B. Vlcek, H. Dembinski, G. Matthiae, M. Tartare, Darko Veberič, I. Zaw, M. Platino, M. Monasor, C. Aramo, J. W. Cronin, G. van Aar, Moritz Münchmeyer, R. Alves Batista, M. Ambrosio, G. C. Hill, Q. Dorosti Hasankiadeh, Tobias Winchen, P. Lebrun, Karen S. Caballero-Mora, B. Mitrica, Heino Falcke, Ralph Engel, V. Marin, Valerio Pirronello, L. Perrone, Sarka Wykes, Marco Giammarchi, J. Vicha, S. Quinn, A. Segreto, M. Ludwig, S. Hartmann, Jing Zhou, Julien Aublin, F. Werner, Jan Ridky, A. Stutz, P. Allison, V. Scherini, Martin Erdmann, G. Toma, Nataliia Borodai, E. J. Ahn, Paul Sommers, D. Martello, M. Blanco, R. Bonino, Michael Unger, S. Jansen, P. Gouffon, François Montanet, S. van Velzen, K. H. Becker, A. G. Mariazzi, K. Islo, Radomir Smida, Beatriz García, Octavian Fratu, D. Torres Machado, D. Melo, Roger W Clay, M. J. Cooper, A. Gorgi, Miroslav Palatka, S. J. De Jong, N. Krohm, Jose Chinellato, P. Lautridou, S. Navas, Johannes Schulz, M. Melissas, M. Will, B. Sarkar, Christian Glaser, M. Pimenta, Carlos Medina, M. De Domenico, Joshua A. Gordon, M. Avenier, A. Curutiu, A. Widom, Daniel Kuempel, M. Ave, Carlos Escobar, A. Filipčič, A. C. Rovero, Paula Gina Isar, C. Bleve, Pedro Brogueira, F. Salesa Greus, G. Cataldi, J. Espadanal, J. F. Valdés Galicia, I. De Mitri, A. Gascon Bravo, Dieter Heck, Martin Urban, V. de Souza, N. Palmieri, Ugo Giaccari, M. Zimbres Silva, A. Cordier, S. Maldera, P. W. Younk, Ivone F. M. Albuquerque, Ke Fang, C. J. Todero Peixoto, R. López, E. Trovato, J. Stapleton, Marc Weber, P. Billoir, Tanguy Pierog, M. E. Bertaina, Jörg R. Hörandel, G. Garilli, Lorenzo Cazon, Vincenzo Rizi, A. Menshikov, B. Gookin, S. T. Garcia Roca, Toshihiro Fujii, R. Sato, J. R. T. de Mello Neto, M. Ziolkowski, L. del Peral, O. Ravel, O. Martínez Bravo, E. M. Santos, K. Louedec, Mariangela Settimo, A. Shadkam, M. Buscemi, Maria Rita Coluccia, Alexey Yushkov, Bruno Daniel, K. Weidenhaupt, Bruce R. Dawson, N. Scharf, Antonio Bueno, M. Josebachuili, V. Purrello, P. Heimann, Tim Huege, H. Blümer, Max Malacari, Carlos Hojvat, D. Nosek, Juan Carlos D'Olivo, T. Yapici, D. Newton, Ernesto Kemp, Esteban Roulet, Piotr Homola, Lukas Middendorf, Jan Ebr, Serguei Vorobiov, Sergio Petrera, Christine Peters, J. J. Masías Meza, P. Facal San Luis, D. Maurel, H. Schoorlemmer, Gualberto Avila, Gustavo Medina-Tanco, Nicolás González, Ingomar Allekotte, S. Le Coz, D. Monnier Ragaigne, M. A. Leigui de Oliveira, T. Rossler, Piera Luisa Ghia, Guenter Sigl, Thomas Hebbeker, C. L. Williams, Angela V. Olinto, O. Krömer, O. A. Taborda, Sergio Dasso, Balázs Kégl, C. Di Giulio, S. J. Saffi, H. Martinez, G. Rodriguez Fernandez, A. P. Ferguson, Hernán Asorey, Corinne Berat, C. E. Santo, B. Revenu, U. Fröhlich, A. Tapia, C. Jarne, J. de Oliveira, J. R. Vázquez, Henryk Wilczyński, Hermann-Josef Mathes, Antoine Letessier-Selvon, van den Ad M Berg, Luca Latronico, Alejandro Almela, P. Sanchez-Lucas, D. Harari, M. Oliveira, Markus Lauscher, Kai Daumiller, J. Phuntsok, M. Videla, V. M. Aranda, Jeffrey Brack, Olaf Scholten, Humberto Ibarguen Salazar, Raul Sarmento, A. Aab, F. Gate, L. Caramete, H. Gemmeke, L. Tomankova, M. Mallamaci, G. Navarra, C. A. Moura, T. Yamamoto, Brian Fick, Samo Stanič, J. Lozano Bahilo, John Swain, Philipp Papenbreer, J. S. Díaz, D. Garcia-Pinto, Petr Travnicek, Alan Coleman, Trent D. Grubb, D. Huber, Petr Schovanek, Carla Bonifazi, Juan Manuel Figueira, Roberta Colalillo, Jose A. Bellido, M. Prouza, G. Yuan, Corbin Covault, Y. Petrov, Matías Rolf Hampel, J. A.J. Matthews, Xavier Bertou, J. Rodriguez Rojo, Bianca Keilhauer, A. G. Chavez, Pedro Assis, S. Riggi, Jaime Rosado, Alina Mihaela Badescu, F.G. Schröder, Enrique Zas, I. M. Pepe, Alexander Grillo, J. Stasielak, R. Cester, S. Coutu, Norberto Fazzini, Lino Miramonti, Fernando Contreras, M. D. Rodríguez-Frías, M. A. Muller, Peter Schiffer, Paulo J. S. Gonçalves, D. Kruppke-Hansen, D. Garcia-Gamez, Alberto Etchegoyen, I. C. Mariş, J. Allen, Hernan Wahlberg, C. Porowski, Alexandra Saftoiu, A. Dorofeev, I. Jandt, A. Tepe, I. Lhenry-Yvon, Octavian Sima, J. G. Gonzalez, Ralf Ulrich, Igor Katkov, R. R. Prado, Denise Boncioli, German Ros, A. Di Matteo, Paul M. Mantsch, B. Wundheiler, A. Parra, L. Villaseñor, Miguel Mostafá, Marcus Niechciol, Anderson Fauth, Gregory R Snow, P. H. Kasper, L. Martin, M. S. A. B. Leão, D. Lebrun, R. J. Lauer, L. Nožka, G. Parente, R. Piegaia, Marco Cilmo, P. Ristori, Alex Kääpä, Peter Mazur, S. Querchfeld, Colin Baus, V. M. Olmos-Gilbaja, L. Niemietz, N. Pacheco, J. Roberts, Tim Niggemann, Yingchun Zhu, H. Schieler, M. Fernandes, B. Caccianiga, Karl-Heinz Kampert, Antonella Castellina, B. Vargas Cárdenas, R. M. Kieckhafer, J. Rautenberg, T. Suomijärvi, J. Pallotta, G. S. Varner, O. Wainberg, E. J. Quel, Béatrice Fuchs, Niraj Dhital, W. C. Brown, I. Valiño, J. Neuser, M. Candusso, Peter Gorham, Charles Timmermans, L. Collica, Jiri Chudoba, Thomas Harrison, Richard Dallier, A. Nelles, Jaime Alvarez-Muñiz, Lu Lu, P. Pieroni, I. A. Minaya, André Schulz, F. Arqueros, P. Necesal, Martina Bohacova, Jan Pękala, Hans Klages, A. Chiavassa, A. E. Herve, K. B. Barber, L. R. Wiencke, J. Sorokin, A. Porcelli, B. D. Fox, M. L. Díaz Castro, G. Farrar, Francesca Zuccarello, Maurice Stephan, A. Tonachini, P.F. Gómez Vitale, J. Maller, G. Marsella, A. Weindl, N. Hollon, V. Verzi, V. Novotny, J. Bäuml, Rossella Caruso, A. Lucero, S. Mathys, M. Erfani, E. Petermann, Miroslav Pech, Pavel Horvath, M. S. Sutherland, Danilo Zavrtanik, Sofia Andringa, K. Link, D. Martraire, Miroslav Hrabovský, A. Haungs, O. Kambeitz, F. Diogo, R. M. de Almeida, Zbigniew Szadkowski, Rodrigo Pelayo, Stijn Buitink, Alberto Filevich, Peter Hansen, R. Gaior, Peter Buchholz, M. Szuba, I.M. Brancus, Carola Dobrigkeit, H. Glass, M. Plum, Marco Aglietta, Alan Watson, Jonny Kleinfeller, J. Alvarez Castillo, L. Molina-Bueno, David Walz, Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie ( LPSC ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ), Unité Scientifique de la Station de Nançay ( USN ), Observatoire de Paris-Université d'Orléans ( UO ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire SUBATECH Nantes ( SUBATECH ), Mines Nantes ( Mines Nantes ) -Université de Nantes ( UN ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire ( LAL ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay ( IPNO ), Pierre AUGER, ANR-10-LABX-63,ANR-10-LABX-63, European Project : 328826,EC:FP7:PEOPLE,FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF,AUGER2FUTURE ( 2013 ), European Project : 246806,EC:FP7:PEOPLE,FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IRSES,EPLANET ( 2011 ), UNIVERSIDADE DE ESTADUAL DE CAMPINAS, Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Scientifique de la Station de Nançay (USN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO), Laboratoire SUBATECH Nantes (SUBATECH), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), ANR-10-LABX-0063,ILP,Institute Lagrange of Paris(2010), European Project: 328826,EC:FP7:PEOPLE,FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF,AUGER2FUTURE(2013), European Project: 246806,EC:FP7:PEOPLE,FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IRSES,EPLANET(2011), Aab A., Abreu P., Aglietta M., Ahn E. J., Al Samarai I., Albuquerque I. F. M., Allekotte I., Allison P., Almela A., Alvarez Castillo J., Alvarez-Muñiz J., Alves Batista R., Ambrosio M., Aminaei A., Anchordoqui L., Andringa S., Aramo C., Aranda V. M., Arqueros F., Arsene N., Asorey H., Assis P., Aublin J., Ave M., Avenier M., Avila G., Awal N., Badescu A. M., Barber K. B., Bäuml J., Baus C., Beatty J. J., Becker K. H., Bellido J. A., Berat C., Bertaina M. E., Bertou X., Biermann P. L., Billoir P., Blaess S. G., Blanco A., Blanco M., Bleve C., Blümer H., Boháčová M., Boncioli D., Bonifazi C., Borodai N., Brack J., Brancus I., Bridgeman A., Brogueira P., Brown W. C., Buchholz P., Bueno A., Buitink S., Buscemi M., Caballero-Mora K. S., Caccianiga B., Caccianiga L., Candusso M., Caramete L., Caruso R., Castellina A., Cataldi G., Cazon L., Cester R., Chavez A. G., Chiavassa A., Chinellato J. A., Chudoba J., Cilmo M., Clay R. W., Cocciolo G., Colalillo R., Coleman A., Collica L., Coluccia M. R., Conceição R., Contreras F., Cooper M. J., Cordier A., Coutu S., Covault C. E., Cronin J., Dallier R., Daniel B., Dasso S., Daumiller K., Dawson B. R., de Almeida R. M., de Jong S. J., De Mauro G., de Mello Neto J. R. T., De Mitri I., de Oliveira J., de Souza V., del Peral L., Deligny O., Dembinski H., Dhital N., Di Giulio C., Di Matteo A., Diaz J. C., Díaz Castro M. L., Diogo F., Dobrigkeit C., Docters W., D’Olivo J. C., Dorofeev A., Dorosti Hasankiadeh Q., Dova M. T., Ebr J., Engel R., Erdmann M., Erfani M., Escobar C. O., Espadanal J., Etchegoyen A., Falcke H., Fang K., Farrar G., Fauth A. C., Fazzini N., Ferguson A. P., Fernandes M., Fick B., Figueira J. M., Filevich A., Filipčič A., Fox B. D., Fratu O., Freire M. M., Fuchs B., Fujii T., García B., Garcia-Pinto D., Gate F., Gemmeke H., Gherghel-Lascu A., Ghia P. L., Giaccari U., Giammarchi M., Giller M., Głas D., Glaser C., Glass H., Golup G., Gómez Berisso M., Gómez Vitale P. F., González N., Gookin B., Gordon J., Gorgi A., Gorham P., Gouffon P., Griffith N., Grillo A. F., Grubb T. D., Guardincerri Y., Guarino F., Guedes G. P., Hampel M. R., Hansen P., Harari D., Harrison T. A., Hartmann S., Harton J. L., Haungs A., Hebbeker T., Heck D., Heimann P., Herve A. E., Hill G. C., Hojvat C., Hollon N., Holt E., Homola P., Hörandel J. R., Horvath P., Hrabovský M., Huber D., Huege T., Insolia A., Isar P. G., Jandt I., Jansen S., Jarne C., Johnsen J. A., Josebachuili M., Kääpä A., Kambeitz O., Kampert K. H., Kasper P., Katkov I., Kégl B., Keilhauer B., Keivani A., Kemp E., Kieckhafer R. M., Klages H. O., Kleifges M., Kleinfeller J., Krause R., Krohm N., Krömer O., Kuempel D., Kunka N., LaHurd D., Latronico L., Lauer R., Lauscher M., Lautridou P., Le Coz S., Lebrun D., Lebrun P., Leigui de Oliveira M. A., Letessier-Selvon A., Lhenry-Yvon I., Link K., Lopes L., López R., López Casado A., Louedec K., Lu L., Lucero A., Malacari M., Maldera S., Mallamaci M., Maller J., Mandat D., Mantsch P., Mariazzi A. G., Marin V., Mariş I. C., Marsella G., Martello D., Martin L., Martinez H., Martínez Bravo O., Martraire D., Masías Meza J. J., Mathes H. J., Mathys S., Matthews J., Matthews J. A. J., Matthiae G., Maurel D., Maurizio D., Mayotte E., Mazur P. O., Medina C., Medina-Tanco G., Meissner R., Mello V. B. B., Melo D., Menshikov A., Messina S., Meyhandan R., Micheletti M. I., Middendorf L., Minaya I. A., Miramonti L., Mitrica B., Molina-Bueno L., Mollerach S., Montanet F., Morello C., Mostafá M., Moura C. A., Muller M. A., Müller G., Müller S., Mussa R., Navarra G., Navarro J. L., Navas S., Necesal P., Nellen L., Nelles A., Neuser J., Nguyen P. H., Niculescu-Oglinzanu M., Niechciol M., Niemietz L., Niggemann T., Nitz D., Nosek D., Novotny V., Nožka L., Ochilo L., Oikonomou F., Olinto A., Pacheco N., Pakk Selmi-Dei D., Palatka M., Pallotta J., Papenbreer P., Parente G., Parra A., Paul T., Pech M., Pȩkala J., Pelayo R., Pepe I. M., Perrone L., Petermann E., Peters C., Petrera S., Petrov Y., Phuntsok J., Piegaia R., Pierog T., Pieroni P., Pimenta M., Pirronello V., Platino M., Plum M., Porcelli A., Porowski C., Prado R. R., Privitera P., Prouza M., Purrello V., Quel E. J., Querchfeld S., Quinn S., Rautenberg J., Ravel O., Ravignani D., Revenu B., Ridky J., Riggi S., Risse M., Ristori P., Rizi V., Rodrigues de Carvalho W., Rodriguez Fernandez G., Rodriguez Rojo J., Rodríguez-Frías M. D., Rogozin D., Rosado J., Roth M., Roulet E., Rovero A. C., Saffi S. J., Saftoiu A., Salamida F., Salazar H., Saleh A., Salesa Greus F., Salina G., Sánchez F., Sanchez-Lucas P., Santos E., Santos E. M., Sarazin F., Sarkar B., Sarmento R., Sato R., Scarso C., Schauer M., Scherini V., Schieler H., Schiffer P., Schmidt D., Scholten O., Schoorlemmer H., Schovánek P., Schröder F. G., Schulz A., Schulz J., Schumacher J., Sciutto S. J., Segreto A., Settimo M., Shadkam A., Shellard R. C., Sidelnik I., Sigl G., Sima O., Śmiałkowski A., Šmída R., Snow G. R., Sommers P., Sorokin J., Squartini R., Srivastava Y. N., Stanca D., Stanič S., Stapleton J., Stasielak J., Stephan M., Stutz A., Suarez F., Suomijärvi T., Supanitsky A. D., Sutherland M. S., Swain J., Szadkowski Z., Taborda O. A., Tapia A., Tepe A., Theodoro V. M., Tiffenberg J., Timmermans C., Todero Peixoto C. J., Toma G., Tomankova L., Tomé B., Tonachini A., Torralba Elipe G., Torres Machado D., Travnicek P., Ulrich R., Unger M., Urban M., Valdés Galicia J. F., Valiño I., Valore L., van Aar G., van Bodegom P., van den Berg A. M., van Velzen S., van Vliet A., Varela E., Vargas Cárdenas B., Varner G., Vasquez R., Vázquez J. R., Vázquez R. A., Veberič D., Verzi V., Vicha J., Videla M., Villaseñor L., Vlcek B., Vorobiov S., Wahlberg H., Wainberg O., Walz D., Watson A. A., Weber M., Weidenhaupt K., Weindl A., Werner F., Widom A., Wiencke L., Wilczyński H., Winchen T., Wittkowski D., Wundheiler B., Wykes S., Yang L., Yapici T., Yushkov A., Zas E., Zavrtanik D., Zavrtanik M., Zepeda A., Zhu Y., Zimmermann B., Ziolkowski M., Zuccarello F., Aab, A., Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Ahn, E. . J., Al Samarai, I., Albuquerque, I. . F. . M., Allekotte, I., Allison, P., Almela, A., Alvarez Castillo, J., Alvarez Muñiz, J., Alves Batista, R., Ambrosio, M., Aminaei, A., Anchordoqui, L., Andringa, S., Aramo, C., Aranda, V. . M., Arqueros, F., Arsene, N., Asorey, H., Assis, P., Aublin, J., Ave, M., Avenier, M., Avila, G., Awal, N., Badescu, A. . M., Barber, K. . B., Bäuml, J., Baus, C., Beatty, J. . J., Becker, K. . H., Bellido, J. . A., Berat, C., Bertaina, M. . E., Bertou, X., Biermann, P. . L., Billoir, P., Blaess, S. . G., Blanco, A., Blanco, M., Bleve, Carla, Blümer, H., Boháčová, M., Boncioli, D., Bonifazi, C., Borodai, N., Brack, J., Brancus, I., Bridgeman, A., Brogueira, P., Brown, W. . C., Buchholz, P., Bueno, A., Buitink, S., Buscemi, M., Caballero Mora, K. . S., Caccianiga, B., Caccianiga, L., Candusso, M., Caramete, L., Caruso, R., Castellina, A., Cataldi, G., Cazon, L., Cester, R., Chavez, A. . G., Chiavassa, A., Chinellato, J. . A., Chudoba, J., Cilmo, M., Clay, R. . W., Cocciolo, G., Colalillo, R., Coleman, A., Collica, L., Coluccia, MARIA RITA, Conceição, R., Contreras, F., Cooper, M. . J., Cordier, A., Coutu, S., Covault, C. . E., Cronin, J., Dallier, R., Daniel, B., Dasso, S., Daumiller, K., Dawson, B. . R., de Almeida, R. . M., de Jong, S. . J., De Mauro, G., de Mello Neto, J. . R. . T., DE MITRI, Ivan, de Oliveira, J., de Souza, V., del Peral, L., Deligny, O., Dembinski, H., Dhital, N., Di Giulio, C., Di Matteo, A., Diaz, J. . C., Díaz Castro, M. . L., Diogo, F., Dobrigkeit, C., Docters, W., D’Olivo, J. . C., Dorofeev, A., Dorosti Hasankiadeh, Q., Dova, M. . T., Ebr, J., Engel, R., Erdmann, M., Erfani, M., Escobar, C. . O., Espadanal, J., Etchegoyen, A., Falcke, H., Fang, K., Farrar, G., Fauth, A. . C., Fazzini, N., Ferguson, A. . P., Fernandes, M., Fick, B., Figueira, J. . M., Filevich, A., Filipčič, A., Fox, B. . D., Fratu, O., Freire, M. . M., Fuchs, B., Fujii, T., García, B., Garcia Pinto, D., Gate, F., Gemmeke, H., Gherghel Lascu, A., Ghia, P. . L., Giaccari, U., Giammarchi, M., Giller, M., Głas, D., Glaser, C., Glass, H., Golup, G., Gómez Berisso, M., Gómez Vitale, P. . F., González, N., Gookin, B., Gordon, J., Gorgi, A., Gorham, P., Gouffon, P., Griffith, N., Grillo, A. . F., Grubb, T. . D., Guardincerri, Y., Guarino, F., Guedes, G. . P., Hampel, M. . R., Hansen, P., Harari, D., Harrison, T. . A., Hartmann, S., Harton, J. . L., Haungs, A., Hebbeker, T., Heck, D., Heimann, P., Herve, A. . E., Hill, G. . C., Hojvat, C., Hollon, N., Holt, E., Homola, P., Hörandel, J. . R., Horvath, P., Hrabovský, M., Huber, D., Huege, T., Insolia, A., Isar, P. . G., Jandt, I., Jansen, S., Jarne, C., Johnsen, J. . A., Josebachuili, M., Kääpä, A., Kambeitz, O., Kampert, K. . H., Kasper, P., Katkov, I., Kégl, B., Keilhauer, B., Keivani, A., Kemp, E., Kieckhafer, R. . M., Klages, H. . O., Kleifges, M., Kleinfeller, J., Krause, R., Krohm, N., Krömer, O., Kuempel, D., Kunka, N., Lahurd, D., Latronico, L., Lauer, R., Lauscher, M., Lautridou, P., Le Coz, S., Lebrun, D., Lebrun, P., Leigui de Oliveira, M. . A., Letessier Selvon, A., Lhenry Yvon, I., Link, K., Lopes, L., López, R., López Casado, A., Louedec, K., Lu, L., Lucero, A., Malacari, M., Maldera, S., Mallamaci, M., Maller, J., Mandat, D., Mantsch, P., Mariazzi, A. . G., Marin, V., Mariş, I. . C., Marsella, Giovanni, Martello, Daniele, Martin, L., Martinez, H., Martínez Bravo, O., Martraire, D., Masías Meza, J. . J., Mathes, H. . J., Mathys, S., Matthews, J., Matthews, J. . A. . J., Matthiae, G., Maurel, D., Maurizio, D., Mayotte, E., Mazur, P. . O., Medina, C., Medina Tanco, G., Meissner, R., Mello, V. . B. . B., Melo, D., Menshikov, A., Messina, S., Meyhandan, R., Micheletti, M. . I., Middendorf, L., Minaya, I. . A., Miramonti, L., Mitrica, B., Molina Bueno, L., Mollerach, S., Montanet, F., Morello, C., Mostafá, M., Moura, C. . A., Muller, M. . A., Müller, G., Müller, S., Mussa, R., Navarra, G., Navarro, J. . L., Navas, S., Necesal, P., Nellen, L., Nelles, A., Neuser, J., Nguyen, P. . H., Niculescu Oglinzanu, M., Niechciol, M., Niemietz, L., Niggemann, T., Nitz, D., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nožka, L., Ochilo, L., Oikonomou, F., Olinto, A., Pacheco, N., Pakk Selmi Dei, D., Palatka, M., Pallotta, J., Papenbreer, P., Parente, G., Parra, A., Paul, T., Pech, M., Pȩkala, J., Pelayo, R., Pepe, I. . M., Perrone, Lorenzo, Petermann, E., Peters, C., Petrera, S., Petrov, Y., Phuntsok, J., Piegaia, R., Pierog, T., Pieroni, P., Pimenta, M., Pirronello, V., Platino, M., Plum, M., Porcelli, A., Porowski, C., Prado, R. . R., Privitera, P., Prouza, M., Purrello, V., Quel, E. . J., Querchfeld, S., Quinn, S., Rautenberg, J., Ravel, O., Ravignani, D., Revenu, B., Ridky, J., Riggi, S., Risse, M., Ristori, P., Rizi, V., Rodrigues de Carvalho, W., Rodriguez Fernandez, G., Rodriguez Rojo, J., Rodríguez Frías, M. . D., Rogozin, D., Rosado, J., Roth, M., Roulet, E., Rovero, A. . C., Saffi, S. . J., Saftoiu, A., Salamida, F., Salazar, H., Saleh, A., Salesa Greus, F., Salina, G., Sánchez, F., Sanchez Lucas, P., Santos, E., Santos, E. . M., Sarazin, F., Sarkar, B., Sarmento, R., Sato, R., Scarso, C., Schauer, M., Scherini, Viviana, Schieler, H., Schiffer, P., Schmidt, D., Scholten, O., Schoorlemmer, H., Schovánek, P., Schröder, F. . G., Schulz, A., Schulz, J., Schumacher, J., Sciutto, S. . J., Segreto, A., Settimo, M., Shadkam, A., Shellard, R. . C., Sidelnik, I., Sigl, G., Sima, O., Śmiałkowski, A., Šmída, R., Snow, G. . R., Sommers, P., Sorokin, J., Squartini, R., Srivastava, Y. . N., Stanca, D., Stanič, S., Stapleton, J., Stasielak, J., Stephan, M., Stutz, A., Suarez, F., Suomijärvi, T., Supanitsky, A. . D., Sutherland, M. . S., Swain, J., Szadkowski, Z., Taborda, O. . A., Tapia, A., Tepe, A., Theodoro, V. . M., Tiffenberg, J., Timmermans, C., Todero Peixoto, C. . J., Toma, G., Tomankova, L., Tomé, B., Tonachini, A., Torralba Elipe, G., Torres Machado, D., Travnicek, P., Ulrich, R., Unger, M., Urban, M., Valdés Galicia, J. . F., Valiño, I., Valore, L., van Aar, G., van Bodegom, P., van den Berg, A. . M., van Velzen, S., van Vliet, A., Varela, E., Vargas Cárdenas, B., Varner, G., Vasquez, R., Vázquez, J. . R., Vázquez, R. . A., Veberič, D., Verzi, V., Vicha, J., Videla, M., Villaseñor, L., Vlcek, B., Vorobiov, S., Wahlberg, H., Wainberg, O., Walz, D., Watson, A. . A., Weber, M., Weidenhaupt, K., Weindl, A., Werner, F., Widom, A., Wiencke, L., Wilczyński, H., Winchen, T., Wittkowski, D., Wundheiler, B., Wykes, S., Yang, L., Yapici, T., Yushkov, A., Zas, E., Zavrtanik, D., Zavrtanik, M., Zepeda, A., Zhu, Y., Zimmermann, B., Ziolkowski, M., Zuccarello, F., Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), M., Ambrosio, Aramo, Carla, Buscemi, Mario, Cilmo, Marco, Colalillo, Roberta, Guarino, Fausto, Valore, Laura, The Pierre Auger, Collaboration, Research unit Astroparticle Physics, and Research unit Nuclear & Hadron Physics

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Cosmic-ray interactions, Astronomy, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, extensive atmospherical showers, muon density, muon number, Pierre Auger Observatory, cosmic radiation UHE, Hadronic interaction models, 7. Clean energy, Auger, Settore FIS/04 - Fisica Nucleare e Subnucleare, Nuclear physics, Altitude, Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, Observatory, NERGY COSMIC-RAYS, DETECTOR, MODEL, Extensive air showers, cosmic radiation UHE, DETECTOR, Scaling, Cosmic rays, Zenith, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Pierre Auger Observatory, Muon, NERGY COSMIC-RAYS, Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale, energy cosmic-rays, detector, model, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Física, [ PHYS.ASTR.HE ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], ASTROFÍSICA, extensive atmospherical showers, muon number, MODEL, muon density, Experimental High Energy Physics, ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING, Física nuclear, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

We present the first hybrid measurement of the average muon number in air showers at ultrahigh energies, initiated by cosmic rays with zenith angles between 62° and 80°. The measurement is based on 174 hybrid events recorded simultaneously with the surface detector array and the fluorescence detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory. The muon number for each shower is derived by scaling a simulated reference profile of the lateral muon density distribution at the ground until it fits the data. A 1019eV shower with a zenith angle of 67°, which arrives at the surface detector array at an altitude of 1450 m above sea level, contains on average (2.68±0.04±0.48(sys))×107 muons with energies larger than 0.3 GeV. The logarithmic gain dlnNμ/dlnE of muons with increasing energy between 4×1018eV and 5×1019eV is measured to be (1.029±0.024±0.030(sys))., La lista completa de autores que integran el documento puede consultarse en el archivo, Instituto de Física La Plata

Published
2015

19. CELESTE: an atmospheric Cherenkov telescope for high energy gamma astrophysics

Author

P. Espigat, J. Collon, G. Villard, R. Morano, Patrick Snabre, A. Perez, E. Durand, C. Gregory, E. Pare, J-F. Olive, N. Briand, A. Cordier, M. Martin, T. Sako, Miroslav Palatka, Pascal Bruel, Petr Schovanek, A. Jouenne, F. Berny, J. Neveu, P. Cornebise, H. Manseri, J. Gilly, P. Manigot, Sebastien Incerti, O. Lodygensky, G. Morineaud, D.A. Smith, J.-L. Sans, B. Lott, M. Cerutti, L. Rob, P. Fleury, J. Québert, M. de Naurois, T. Reposeur, R. Bazer-Bachi, J.M. Noppe, L. Kalt, H. Manitaz, J.-C. Gouillaud, R. Legallou, Miroslav Hrabovsky, B. Balauge, A. Rebii, A. Musquere, Filip Münz, N. Hérault, D. Dumora, H. Bergeret, Ph. Roy, B. Fabre, G. Debiais, P. Eschstruth, J. Holder, and J.-P. Dezalay

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, COSMIC cancer database, Heliostat, Cherenkov detector, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, Astrophysics, Gamma-ray astronomy, Cherenkov Telescope Array, law.invention, Telescope, Flash (photography), law, Instrumentation, Cherenkov radiation
Abstract

CELESTE is an atmospheric Cherenkov telescope based on the sampling method which makes use of the de-commissioned THEMIS solar electrical plant in the French Pyrenees. A large (2000 m 2 ) mirror surface area from 40 independent heliostats followed by a secondary optic, a trigger system using analog summing techniques and signal digitization with 1 GHz flash ADCs make possible the detection of cosmic γ-rays down to 30 GeV . This paper provides a detailed technical description of the CELESTE installation.

Published
2002

20. The prototype opto-mechanical system for the Fluorescence detector Array of Single-pixel Telescopes

Author

Maria Merolle, Libor Nozka, S. B. Thomas, Aygul Galimova, John Farmer, Jose A. Bellido, Miroslav Pech, Pavel Horvath, Dusan Mandat, A. Matalon, Xiaochen Ni, John N. Matthews, Max Malacari, Petr Travnicek, Miroslav Hrabovsky, Petr Schovanek, Miroslav Palatka, Paolo Privitera, and Toshihiro Fujii

Subjects
Physics, Pixel, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Cosmic ray, 01 natural sciences, Fluorescence spectroscopy, Single pixel, law.invention, Regular grid, Mechanical system, Telescope, Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, business, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics
Abstract

The Fluorescence detector Array of Single-pixel Telescopes is a proposed low-cost, large-area, next-generation experiment for the detection of ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays via the atmospheric fluorescence technique. The proposed design involves the deployment of several hundred large field-of-view fluorescence telescopes on a regular grid of several thousand square kilometers in ground area. This paper describes the optical design of the prototype telescope, as well as its mechanical support structure.

Published
2017

21. Searches for Large-Scale Anisotropy in the Arrival Directions of Cosmic Rays Detected above Energy of $10^{19}$ eV at the Pierre Auger Observatory and the Telescope Array

Author

Telescope, Array, Pierre Auger Collaborations (Alexander Aab, Pedro, Abreu, Marco, Aglietta, Eun Joo Ahn, Imen Al Samarai, Ivone, Albuquerque, Ingomar, Allekotte, Jeff, Allen, Patrick, Allison, Alejandro, Almela, Jesus Alvarez Castillo, Jaime Alvarez Muñiz, Rafael Alves Batista, Michelangelo, Ambrosio, Amin, Aminaei, Luis, Anchordoqui, Sofia, Andringa, Carla, Aramo, Victor Manuel Aranda, Fernando, Arqueros, Hernán Gonzalo Asorey, Pedro, Assis, Julien, Aublin, Maximo, Ave, Michel, Avenier, Gualberto, Avila, Nafiun, Awal, Alina Mihaela Badescu, Barber, Kerri B., Julia, Bäuml, Colin, Baus, Jim, Beatty, Karl Heinz Becker, Bellido, Jose A., Corinne, Berat, Mario Edoardo Bertania, Xavier, Bertou, Peter, Biermann, Pierre, Billoir, Blaess, Simon G., Miguel, Blanco, Carla, Bleve, Hans, Blümer, Martina, Boháčová, Denise, Boncioli, Carla, Bonifazi, Raffaella, Bonino, Nataliia, Borodai, Jeffrey, Brack, Iliana, Brancus, Ariel, Bridgeman, Pedro, Brogueira, Brown, William C., Peter, Buchholz, Antonio, Bueno, Stijn, Buitink, Buscemi, Mario, Caballero Mora, Karen S., Barbara, Caccianiga, Lorenzo, Caccianiga, Marina, Candusso, Laurentiu, Caramete, Caruso, Rossella, Antonella, Castellina, Gabriella, Cataldi, Lorenzo, Cazon, Rosanna, Cester, Chavez, Alan G., Andrea, Chiavassa, Jose Augusto Chinellato, Jiri, Chudoba, Marco, Cilmo, Clay, Roger W., Giuseppe, Cocciolo, Roberta, Colalillo, Alan, Coleman, Laura, Collica, Maria Rita Coluccia, Ruben, Conceição, Fernando, Contreras, Cooper, Mathew J., Alain, Cordier, Stephane, Coutu, Corbin, Covault, James, Cronin, Alex, Curutiu, Richard, Dallier, Bruno, Daniel, Sergio, Dasso, Kai, Daumiller, Dawson, Bruce R., de Almeida, Rogerio M., Manlio De Domenico, de Jong, Sijbrand J., Joao de Mello Neto, Ivan De Mitri, Jaime de Oliveira, Vitor de Souza, Luis del Peral, Olivier, Deligny, Hans, Dembinski, Niraj, Dhital, Claudio Di Giulio, Armando Di Matteo, Johana Chirinos Diaz, Mary Lucia Díaz Castro, Francisco, Diogo, Carola, Dobrigkeit, Wendy, Docters, Juan Carlos D'Olivo, Alexei, Dorofeev, Qader Dorosti Hasankiadeh, Maria Teresa Dova, Jan, Ebr, Ralph, Engel, Martin, Erdmann, Mona, Erfani, Escobar, Carlos O., Joao, Espadanal, Alberto, Etchegoyen, Pedro Facal San Luis, Heino, Falcke, Fang, Ke, Glennys, Farrar, Anderson, Fauth, Norberto, Fazzini, Ferguson, Andrew P., Mateus, Fernandes, Brian, Fick, Juan Manuel Figueira, Alberto, Filevich, Andrej, Filipčič, Brendan, Fox, Octavian, Fratu, Uwe, Fröhlich, Benjamin, Fuchs, Toshihiro, Fujii, Romain, Gaior, Beatriz, García, Sayri Tupac Garcia Roca, Diego Garcia Gamez, Diego Garcia Pinto, Gianpaolo, Garilli, Alberto Gascon Bravo, Florian, Gate, Hartmut, Gemmeke, Piera Luisa Ghia, Ugo, Giaccari, Marco, Giammarchi, Maria, Giller, Christian, Glaser, Henry, Glass, Mariano Gómez Berisso, Gómez Vitale, Primo F., Patrícia, Gonçalves, Gonzalez, Javier G., Nicolás, González, Ben, Gookin, Jacob, Gordon, Alessio, Gorgi, Peter, Gorham, Philippe, Gouffon, Stefan, Grebe, Nathan, Griffith, Aurelio, Grillo, Grubb, Trent D., Fausto, Guarino, Germano, Guedes, Matías Rolf Hampel, Patricia, Hansen, Diego, Harari, Harrison, Thomas A., Sebastian, Hartmann, John, Harton, Andreas, Haungs, Thomas, Hebbeker, Dieter, Heck, Philipp, Heimann, Herve, Alexander E., Hill, Gary C., Carlos, Hojvat, Nicholas, Hollon, Ewa, Holt, Piotr, Homola, Jörg, Hörandel, Pavel, Horvath, Miroslav, Hrabovský, Daniel, Huber, Tim, Huege, Antonio, Insolia, Paula Gina Isar, Ingolf, Jandt, Stefan, Jansen, Cecilia, Jarne, Mariela, Josebachuili, Alex, Kääpä, Olga, Kambeitz, Karl Heinz Kampert, Peter, Kasper, Igor, Katkov, Balazs, Kégl, Bianca, Keilhauer, Azadeh, Keivani, Ernesto, Kemp, Roger, Kieckhafer, Hans, Klages, Matthias, Kleifges, Jonny, Kleinfeller, Raphael, Krause, Nicole, Krohm, Oliver, Krömer, Daniel Kruppke Hansen, Daniel, Kuempel, Norbert, Kunka, Danielle, Lahurd, Luca, Latronico, Robert, Lauer, Markus, Lauscher, Pascal, Lautridou, Sandra Le Coz, Milton, Leão, Didier, Lebrun, Paul, Lebrun, Marcelo Augusto Leigui de Oliveira, Antoine Letessier Selvon, Isabelle Lhenry Yvon, Katrin, Link, Rebeca, López, Angeles Lopez Agüera, Karim, Louedec, Julio Lozano Bahilo, Lu, Lu, Agustin, Lucero, Marianne, Ludwig, Max, Malacari, Simone, Maldera, Manuela, Mallamaci, Jennifer, Maller, Dusan, Mandat, Paul, Mantsch, Analisa, Mariazzi, Vincent, Marin, Ioana, Mariş, Giovanni, Marsella, Daniele, Martello, Lilian, Martin, Humberto, Martinez, Oscar Martínez Bravo, Diane, Martraire, Jimmy Masías Meza, Hermann Josef Mathes, Sebastian, Mathys, James, Matthews, John, Matthews, Giorgio, Matthiae, Detlef, Maurel, Daniela, Maurizio, Eric, Mayotte, Peter, Mazur, Carlos, Medina, Gustavo Medina Tanco, Rebecca, Meissner, Maximilien, Melissas, Diego, Melo, Alexander, Menshikov, Stefano, Messina, Rishi, Meyhandan, Saša, Mićanović, Maria Isabel Micheletti, Lukas, Middendorf, Minaya, Ignacio A., Lino, Miramonti, Bogdan, Mitrica, Laura Molina Bueno, Silvia, Mollerach, Maria, Monasor, Delphine Monnier Ragaigne, François, Montanet, Carlo, Morello, Miguel, Mostafá, Moura, Celio A., Marcio Aparecido Muller, Gero, Müller, Sarah, Müller, Moritz, Münchmeyer, Roberto, Mussa, Gianni, Navarra, Sergio, Navas, Petr, Necesal, Lukas, Nellen, Anna, Nelles, Jens, Neuser, Nguyen, Phong H., Marcus, Niechciol, Lukas, Niemietz, Tim, Niggemann, Dave, Nitz, Dalibor, Nosek, Vladimir, Novotny, Lyberis, Nožka, Livingstone, Ochilo, Angela, Olinto, Micael, Oliveira, Noelia, Pacheco, Daniel Pakk Selmi Dei, Miroslav, Palatka, Juan, Pallotta, Nunzia, Palmieri, Philipp, Papenbreer, Gonzalo, Parente, Alejandra, Parra, Thomas, Paul, Miroslav, Pech, Jan, Pękala, Rodrigo, Pelayo, Iuri, Pepe, Lorenzo, Perrone, Emily, Petermann, Christine, Peters, Sergio, Petrera, Yevgeniy, Petrov, Jamyang, Phuntsok, Ricardo, Piegaia, Tanguy, Pierog, Pablo, Pieroni, Mário, Pimenta, Valerio, Pirronello, Manuel, Platino, Matthias, Plum, Alessio, Porcelli, Czeslaw, Porowski, Raul Ribeiro Prado, Paolo, Privitera, Michael, Prouza, Victor, Purrello, Quel, Eduardo J., Sven, Querchfeld, Sean, Quinn, Julian, Rautenberg, Olivier, Ravel, Diego, Ravignani, Benoît, Revenu, Jan, Ridky, Simone, Riggi, Markus, Risse, Pablo, Ristori, Vincenzo, Rizi, Washington Rodrigues de Carvalho, Iago Rodriguez Cabo, Gonzalo Rodriguez Fernandez, Jorge Rubén Rodriguez Rojo, Maria Dolores Rodríguez Frías, Dmytro, Rogozin, Germán, Ros, Jaime, Rosado, Tomas, Rossler, Markus, Roth, Esteban, Roulet, Adrian, Rovero, Saffi, Steven J., Alexandra, Saftoiu, Francesco, Salamida, Humberto, Salazar, Ahmed, Saleh, Francisco Salesa Greus, Gaetano, Salina, Federico, Sánchez, Patricia Sanchez Lucas, Santo, Catarina E., Edivaldo Moura Santos, Eva, Santos, Fred, Sarazin, Biswaijt, Sarkar, Raul, Sarmento, Ricardo, Sato, Nils, Scharf, Viviana, Scherini, Harald, Schieler, Peter, Schiffer, David, Schmidt, Olaf, Scholten, Harm, Schoorlemmer, Petr, Schovánek, Alexander, Schulz, Johannes, Schulz, Johannes, Schumacher, Sergio, Sciutto, Alberto, Segreto, Mariangela, Settimo, Amir, Shadkam, Shellard, Ronald C., Iván, Sidelnik, Guenter, Sigl, Octavian, Sima, Andrzej, Śmiałkowski, Radomir, Šmída, Gregory, Snow, Paul, Sommers, Sorokin, J., Ruben, Squartini, Srivastava, Yogendra N., Samo, Stanič, James, Stapleton, Jaroslaw, Stasielak, Maurice, Stephan, Anne, Stutz, Federico, Suarez, Tiina, Suomijärvi, Daniel Supanitsky, A., Michael, Sutherland, John, Swain, Zbigniew, Szadkowski, Marek, Szuba, Oscar Alejandro Taborda, Alex, Tapia, Mathieu, Tartare, Andreas, Tepe, Vanessa Menezes Theodoro, Charles, Timmermans, Todero Peixoto, Carlos J., Gabriel, Toma, Lenka, Tomankova, Bernardo, Tomé, Aurelio, Tonachini, Guillermo Torralba Elipe, Diego Torres Machado, Petr, Travnicek, Enrica, Trovato, Matias, Tueros, Ralf, Ulrich, Michael, Unger, Martin, Urban, Valdés Galicia, Jose F., Ines, Valiño, Laura, Valore, Guus van Aar, Patrick van Bodegom, van den Berg, Ad M., Sjoert van Velzen, Arjen van Vliet, Enrique, Varela, Bernardo Vargas Cárdenas, Gary, Varner, Vázquez, Jose R., Ricardo, Vázquez, Darko, Veberič, Valerio, Verzi, Jakub, Vicha, Mariela, Videla, Luis, Villaseñor, Brian, Vlcek, Serguei, Vorobiov, Hernan, Wahlberg, Oscar, Wainberg, David, Walz, Alan, Watson, Marc, Weber, Klaus, Weidenhaupt, Andreas, Weindl, Felix, Werner, Allan, Widom, Lawrence, Wiencke, Barbara, Wilczyńska, Henryk, Wilczyński, Martin, Will, Christopher, Williams, Tobias, Winchen, David, Wittkowski, Brian, Wundheiler, Sarka, Wykes, Tokonatsu, Yamamoto, Tolga, Yapici, Guofeng, Yuan, Alexey, Yushkov, Bruno, Zamorano, Enrique, Zas, Danilo, Zavrtanik, Marko, Zavrtanik, Ingyin, Zaw, Arnulfo, Zepeda, Jing, Zhou, Yue, Zhu, Marcelo Zimbres Silva, Michael, Ziolkowski, Francesca, Zuccarello, Rasha, Abbasi, Michihiko, Abe, Tareq Abu Zayyad, Monica, Allen, Robyn, Anderson, Ryuji, Azuma, Elliott, Barcikowski, Belz, John W., Bergman, Douglas R., Samuel Adam Blake, Robert, Cady, Min Jung Chae, Byung Gu Cheon, Junsei, Chiba, Michiyuki, Chikawa, Woo Ram Cho, Masaki, Fukushima, Takashi, Goto, William, Hanlon, Yoshio, Hayashi, Naoaki, Hayashida, Kinya, Hibino, Ken, Honda, Daisuke, Ikeda, Naoya, Inoue, Takaaki, Ishii, Rie, Ishimori, Hideo Ito (Utah, U., Riken, Dmitri, Ivanov, Jui, Charles C. H., Kenichi, Kadota, Fumio, Kakimoto, Oleg, Kalashev, Katsuaki, Kasahara, Hideyuki, Kawai, Saburo, Kawakami, Shingo, Kawana, Kazumasa, Kawata, Eiji, Kido, Hang Bae Kim, Ji Hee Kim, Ji Hyun Kim, Seiji, Kitamura, Yuki, Kitamura, Vadim, Kuzmin, Young Joon Kwon, Jian, Lan, Sun In Lim, Jon Paul Lundquist, Kazuhiro, Machida, Kai, Martens, Takeshi, Matsuda, Toshio, Matsuyama, Matthews, John N., Mayuko, Minamino, Keijiro, Mukai, Isaac, Myers, Keisuke, Nagasawa, Shigehiro, Nagataki, Toru, Nakamura, Toshiyuki, Nonaka, Asuka, Nozato, Shoichi, Ogio, Jun, Ogura, Munehiro, Ohnishi, Hideyuki, Ohoka, Kaoru, Oki, Takeshi, Okuda, Masaomi, Ono, Akitoshi, Oshima, Shunsuke, Ozawa, Park, Il H., Pshirkov, Maxim S., Douglas Chase Rodriguez, Grigory, Rubtsov, Dongsu, Ryu, Hiroyuki, Sagawa, Nobuyuki, Sakurai, Sampson, Amanda L., Scott, Lauren M., Priti Dhanesh Shah, Fumiya, Shibata, Tatsunobu, Shibata, Hideaki, Shimodaira, Bok Kyun Shin, Smith, Jeremy D., Pierre, Sokolsky, Wayne Springer, R., Benjamin Taylor Stokes, Stratton, Sean R., Thomas, Stroman, Takumi, Suzawa, Mai, Takamura, Masahiro, Takeda, Ryuji, Takeishi, Akimichi, Taketa, Masato, Takita, Yuichiro, Tameda, Hideki, Tanaka, Koichi, Tanaka, Manobu, Tanaka, Thomas, Stanton B., Thomson, Gordon B., Peter, Tinyakov, Igor, Tkachev, Hisao, Tokuno, Takayuki, Tomida, Sergey, Troitsky, Yoshiki, Tsunesada, Kazuki, Tsutsumi, Yukio, Uchihori, Shigeharu, Udo, Federico, Urban, Gina, Vasiloff, Tiffany, Wong, Hiroshi, Yamaoka, Katsuya, Yamazaki, Jongmann, Yang, Kenta, Yashiro, Shigeru, Yoshida, Hisashi, Yoshii, Rhett, Zollinger, Zachary, Zundel, Shogo, Konishi, Shingo, Wachi, Yoshiki, Nishimoto, Heungsu, Shin, Mai, Tsujimoto, Tomoya, Matsuhira, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire SUBATECH Nantes (SUBATECH), Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Scientifique de la Station de Nançay (USN), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), PIERRE AUGER, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), A., Aab, P., Abreu, M., Aglietta, E. J., Ahn, I., Al Samarai, I. F. M., Albuquerque, I., Allekotte, J., Allen, P., Allison, A., Almela, J., Alvarez Castillo, J., Alvarez Mu?iz, R., Alves Batista, M., Ambrosio, A., Aminaei, L., Anchordoqui, S., Andringa, Aramo, Carla, F., Arquero, H., Asorey, P., Assi, J., Aublin, M., Ave, M., Avenier, G., Avila, A. M., Badescu, K. B., Barber, J., B?uml, C., Bau, J. J., Beatty, K. H., Becker, J. A., Bellido, C., Berat, M. E., Bertaina, X., Bertou, P. L., Biermann, P., Billoir, M., Blanco, C., Bleve, H., Bl?mer, M., Boh??ov?, D., Boncioli, C., Bonifazi, R., Bonino, N., Borodai, J., Brack, I., Brancu, P., Brogueira, W. C., Brown, P., Buchholz, A., Bueno, S., Buitink, Buscemi, Mario, K. S., Caballero Mora, B., Caccianiga, L., Caccianiga, M., Candusso, L., Caramete, R., Caruso, A., Castellina, G., Cataldi, L., Cazon, R., Cester, A. G., Chavez, A., Chiavassa, J. A., Chinellato, J., Chudoba, Cilmo, Marco, R. W., Clay, G., Cocciolo, Colalillo, Roberta, A., Coleman, L., Collica, M. R., Coluccia, R., Concei??o, F., Contrera, M. J., Cooper, A., Cordier, S., Coutu, C. E., Covault, J., Cronin, A., Curutiu, R., Dallier, B., Daniel, S., Dasso, K., Daumiller, B. R., Dawson, R. M., de Almeida, M., De Domenico, S. J., de Jong, J. R. T., de Mello Neto, I., De Mitri, J., de Oliveira, V., de Souza, L., del Peral, O., Deligny, H., Dembinski, N., Dhital, C., Di Giulio, A., Di Matteo, J. C., Diaz, M. L., D?az Castro, F., Diogo, C., Dobrigkeit, W., Docter, J. C., D'Olivo, A., Dorofeev, Q., Dorosti Hasankiadeh, M. T., Dova, J., Ebr, R., Engel, M., Erdmann, M., Erfani, C. O., Escobar, J., Espadanal, A., Etchegoyen, P., Facal San Lui, H., Falcke, K., Fang, G., Farrar, A. C., Fauth, N., Fazzini, A. P., Ferguson, M., Fernande, B., Fick, J. M., Figueira, A., Filevich, A., Filip?i?, B. D., Fox, O., Fratu, U., Fr?hlich, B., Fuch, T., Fuji, R., Gaior, B., Garc?a, S. T., Garcia Roca, D., Garcia Gamez, D., Garcia Pinto, G., Garilli, A., Gascon Bravo, F., Gate, H., Gemmeke, P. L., Ghia, U., Giaccari, M., Giammarchi, M., Giller, C., Glaser, H., Gla, M., G?mez Berisso, P. F., G?mez Vitale, P., Gon?alve, J. G., Gonzalez, N., Gonz?lez, B., Gookin, A., Gorgi, P., Gorham, P., Gouffon, S., Grebe, N., Griffith, A. F., Grillo, T. D., Grubb, Y., Guardincerri, Guarino, Fausto, G. P., Guede, M. R., Hampel, P., Hansen, D., Harari, T. A., Harrison, S., Hartmann, J. L., Harton, A., Haung, T., Hebbeker, D., Heck, P., Heimann, A. E., Herve, G. C., Hill, C., Hojvat, N., Hollon, E., Holt, P., Homola, J. R., H?randel, P., Horvath, M., Hrabovsk?, D., Huber, T., Huege, A., Insolia, P. G., Isar, K., Islo, I., Jandt, S., Jansen, C., Jarne, M., Josebachuili, A., K??p?, O., Kambeitz, K. H., Kampert, P., Kasper, I., Katkov, B., K?gl, B., Keilhauer, A., Keivani, E., Kemp, R. M., Kieckhafer, H. O., Klage, M., Kleifge, J., Kleinfeller, R., Krause, N., Krohm, O., Kr?mer, D., Kruppke Hansen, D., Kuempel, N., Kunka, G., La Rosa, D., Lahurd, L., Latronico, R., Lauer, M., Lauscher, P., Lautridou, S., Le Coz, M. S. A. B., Le?o, D., Lebrun, P., Lebrun, M. A., Leigui de Oliveira, A., Letessier Selvon, I., Lhenry Yvon, K., Link, R., L?pez, A., Lopez Ag?era, K., Louedec, J., Lozano Bahilo, L., Lu, A., Lucero, M., Ludwig, M. C., Maccarone, M., Malacari, S., Maldera, M., Mallamaci, J., Maller, D., Mandat, P., Mantsch, A. G., Mariazzi, V., Marin, I. C., Mari?, G., Marsella, D., Martello, L., Martin, H., Martinez, O., Mart?nez Bravo, D., Martraire, J. J., Mas?as Meza, H. J., Mathe, S., Mathy, J. A. J., Matthew, J., Matthew, G., Matthiae, D., Maurel, D., Maurizio, E., Mayotte, P. O., Mazur, C., Medina, G., Medina Tanco, M., Melissa, D., Melo, E., Menichetti, A., Menshikov, S., Messina, R., Meyhandan, S., Mi?anovi?, M. I., Micheletti, L., Middendorf, I. A., Minaya, L., Miramonti, B., Mitrica, L., Molina Bueno, S., Mollerach, M., Monasor, D., Monnier Ragaigne, F., Montanet, C., Morello, M., Mostaf?, C. A., Moura, M. A., Muller, G., M?ller, M., M?nchmeyer, R., Mussa, G., Navarra, S., Nava, P., Necesal, L., Nellen, A., Nelle, J., Neuser, M., Niechciol, L., Niemietz, T., Niggemann, D., Nitz, D., Nosek, V., Novotny, L., No?ka, L., Ochilo, A., Olinto, M., Oliveira, N., Pacheco, D., Pakk Selmi Dei, M., Palatka, J., Pallotta, N., Palmieri, P., Papenbreer, G., Parente, A., Parra, T., Paul, M., Pech, J., P?kala, R., Pelayo, I. M., Pepe, L., Perrone, R., Pesce, E., Petermann, C., Peter, S., Petrera, A., Petrolini, Y., Petrov, J., Phuntsok, R., Piegaia, T., Pierog, P., Pieroni, M., Pimenta, V., Pirronello, M., Platino, M., Plum, A., Porcelli, C., Porowski, R. R., Prado, P., Privitera, M., Prouza, V., Purrello, E. J., Quel, S., Querchfeld, S., Quinn, J., Rautenberg, O., Ravel, D., Ravignani, B., Revenu, J., Ridky, S., Riggi, M., Risse, P., Ristori, V., Rizi, J., Robert, W., Rodrigues de Carvalho, I., Rodriguez Cabo, G., Rodriguez Fernandez, J., Rodriguez Rojo, M. D., Rodr?guez Fr?a, G., Ro, J., Rosado, T., Rossler, M., Roth, E., Roulet, A. C., Rovero, S. J., Saffi, A., Saftoiu, F., Salamida, H., Salazar, A., Saleh, F., Salesa Greu, G., Salina, F., S?nchez, P., Sanchez Luca, C. E., Santo, E., Santo, E. M., Santo, F., Sarazin, B., Sarkar, R., Sarmento, R., Sato, N., Scharf, V., Scherini, H., Schieler, P., Schiffer, O., Scholten, H., Schoorlemmer, P., Schov?nek, A., Schulz, J., Schulz, J., Schumacher, S. J., Sciutto, A., Segreto, M., Settimo, A., Shadkam, R. C., Shellard, I., Sidelnik, G., Sigl, O., Sima, A., ?mia?kowski, R., ?m?da, G. R., Snow, P., Sommer, J., Sorokin, R., Squartini, Y. N., Srivastava, S., Stani?, J., Stapleton, J., Stasielak, M., Stephan, A., Stutz, F., Suarez, T., Suomij?rvi, A. D., Supanitsky, M. S., Sutherland, J., Swain, Z., Szadkowski, M., Szuba, O. A., Taborda, A., Tapia, M., Tartare, V. M., Theodoro, C., Timmerman, C. J., Todero Peixoto, G., Toma, L., Tomankova, B., Tom?, A., Tonachini, G., Torralba Elipe, D., Torres Machado, P., Travnicek, E., Trovato, M., Tuero, R., Ulrich, M., Unger, M., Urban, Galicia, J. F. Vald?s., I., Vali?o, Valore, Laura, G., van Aar, A. M., van den Berg, S., van Velzen, A., van Vliet, E., Varela, B., Vargas C?rdena, G., Varner, J. R., V?zquez, R. A., V?zquez, D., Veberi?, V., Verzi, J., Vicha, M., Videla, L., Villase?or, B., Vlcek, S., Vorobiov, H., Wahlberg, O., Wainberg, D., Walz, A. A., Watson, M., Weber, K., Weidenhaupt, A., Weindl, F., Werner, A., Widom, L., Wiencke, B., Wilczy?ska, H., Wilczy?ski, M., Will, C., William, T., Winchen, D., Wittkowski, B., Wundheiler, S., Wyke, T., Yamamoto, T., Yapici, P., Younk, G., Yuan, A., Yushkov, B., Zamorano, E., Za, D., Zavrtanik, M., Zavrtanik, I., Zaw, A., Zepeda, J., Zhou, Y., Zhu, M., Zimbres Silva, M., Ziolkowski, R. U., Abbasi, M., Abe, T., Abu Zayyad, M., Allen, R., Anderson, R., Azuma, E., Barcikowski, J. W., Belz, D. R., Bergman, S. A., Blake, R., Cady, M. J., Chae, B. G., Cheon, J., Chiba, M., Chikawa, W. R., Cho, T., Fujii, M., Fukushima, T., Goto, W., Hanlon, Y., Hayashi, N., Hayashida, K., Hibino, K., Honda, D., Ikeda, N., Inoue, T., Ishii, R., Ishimori, H., Ito, D., Ivanov, C. C. H., Jui, K., Kadota, F., Kakimoto, O., Kalashev, K., Kasahara, H., Kawai, S., Kawakami, S., Kawana, K., Kawata, E., Kido, H. B., Kim, J. H., Kim, S., Kitamura, Y., Kitamura, V., Kuzmin, Y. J., Kwon, J., Lan, S. I., Lim, J. P., Lundquist, K., Machida, K., Marten, T., Matsuda, T., Matsuyama, J. N., Matthew, M., Minamino, K., Mukai, I., Myer, K., Nagasawa, S., Nagataki, T., Nakamura, T., Nonaka, A., Nozato, S., Ogio, J., Ogura, M., Ohnishi, H., Ohoka, K., Oki, T., Okuda, M., Ono, A., Oshima, S., Ozawa, I. H., Park, M. S., Pshirkov, D. C., Rodriguez, G., Rubtsov, D., Ryu, H., Sagawa, N., Sakurai, A. L., Sampson, L. M., Scott, P. D., Shah, F., Shibata, T., Shibata, H., Shimodaira, B. K., Shin, J. D., Smith, P., Sokolsky, R. W., Springer, B. T., Stoke, S. R., Stratton, T. A., Stroman, T., Suzawa, M., Takamura, M., Takeda, R., Takeishi, A., Taketa, M., Takita, Y., Tameda, H., Tanaka, K., Tanaka, M., Tanaka, S. B., Thoma, G. B., Thomson, P., Tinyakov, I., Tkachev, H., Tokuno, T., Tomida, S., Troitsky, Y., Tsunesada, K., Tsutsumi, Y., Uchihori, S., Udo, F., Urban, G., Vasiloff, T., Wong, R., Yamane, H., Yamaoka, K., Yamazaki, J., Yang, K., Yashiro, Y., Yoneda, S., Yoshida, H., Yoshii, R., Zollinger, Z., Zundel, I. A., Samarai, I. F., M., J. A., Castillo, J., Alvarez Muñiz, R. A., Batista, C., Aramo, J., Bäuml, Bleve, Carla, H., Blümer, M., Boháčová, M., Buscemi, M., Cilmo, Cocciolo, Giuseppe, R., Colalillo, Coluccia, MARIA RITA, R., Conceição, R. M., De, M. D., Domenico, S. J., De, J. R., T., DE MITRI, Ivan, J. d., Oliveira, V. d., Souza, L. d., Peral, C. D., Giulio, A. D., Matteo, M. L., Díaz, Q. D., Hasankiadeh, P. F., San, A., Filipčič, U., Fröhlich, B., García, S. T., Garcia, A. G., Bravo, M. G., Berisso, P. F., Gómez, P., Gonçalve, N., González, F., Guarino, J. R., Hörandel, M., Hrabovský, A., Kääpä, B., Kégl, O., Krömer, G. L., Rosa, S. L., Coz, M. S., A., M. A., Leigui, R., López, A. L., Agüera, J. L., Bahilo, I. C., Mariş, Marsella, Giovanni, Martello, Daniele, O. M., Bravo, J. J., Masía, J. A., J., S., Mićanović, D. M., Ragaigne, M., Mostafá, G., Müller, M., Münchmeyer, L., Nožka, D. P., Selmi Dei, J., Pękala, Perrone, Lorenzo, W. R., De, I. R., Cabo, G. R., Fernandez, J. R., Rojo, M. D., Rodríguez Fría, F. S., Greu, F., Sánchez, Scherini, Viviana, P., Schovánek, A., Śmiałkowski, R., Šmída, S., Stanič, T., Suomijärvi, C. J., Todero, B., Tomé, G. T., Elipe, D. T., Machado, J. F., Valdé, I., Valiño, L., Valore, G. v., Aar, A. M., Van, S. v., Velzen, A. v., Vliet, B. V., Cárdena, J. R., Vázquez, R. A., Vázquez, D., Veberič, L., Villaseñor, B., Wilczyńska, H., Wilczyński, M. Z., Silva, T. P., Auger, C. C., H., T. T., Array, A. Aab, P. Abreu, M. Aglietta, E. J. Ahn, I. A. Samarai, I. F. M., I. Allekotte, J. Allen, P. Allison, A. Almela, J. A. Castillo, J. Alvarez-Muñiz, R. A. Batista, M. Ambrosio, A. Aminaei, L. Anchordoqui, S. Andringa, C. Aramo, F. Arquero, H. Asorey, P. Assi, J. Aublin, M. Ave, M. Avenier, G. Avila, A. M. Badescu, K. B. Barber, J. Bäuml, C. Bau, J. J. Beatty, K. H. Becker, J. A. Bellido, C. Berat, M. E. Bertaina, X. Bertou, P. L. Biermann, P. Billoir, M. Blanco, C. Bleve, H. Blümer, M. Boháčová, D. Boncioli, C. Bonifazi, R. Bonino, N. Borodai, J. Brack, I. Brancu, P. Brogueira, W. C. Brown, P. Buchholz, A. Bueno, S. Buitink, M. Buscemi, K. S. Caballero-Mora, B. Caccianiga, L. Caccianiga, M. Candusso, L. Caramete, R. Caruso, A. Castellina, G. Cataldi, L. Cazon, R. Cester, A. G. Chavez, A. Chiavassa, J. A. Chinellato, J. Chudoba, M. Cilmo, R. W. Clay, G. Cocciolo, R. Colalillo, A. Coleman, L. Collica, M. R. Coluccia, R. Conceição, F. Contrera, M. J. Cooper, A. Cordier, S. Coutu, C. E. Covault, J. Cronin, A. Curutiu, R. Dallier, B. Daniel, S. Dasso, K. Daumiller, B. R. Dawson, R. M. de, M. D. Domenico, S. J. de, J. R. T., I. D. Mitri, J. d. Oliveira, V. d. Souza, L. d. Peral, O. Deligny, H. Dembinski, N. Dhital, C. D. Giulio, A. D. Matteo, J. C. Diaz, M. L. Díaz, F. Diogo, C. Dobrigkeit, W. Docter, J. C. D'Olivo, A. Dorofeev, Q. D. Hasankiadeh, M. T. Dova, J. Ebr, R. Engel, M. Erdmann, M. Erfani, C. O. Escobar, J. Espadanal, A. Etchegoyen, P. F. San, H. Falcke, K. Fang, G. Farrar, A. C. Fauth, N. Fazzini, A. P. Ferguson, M. Fernande, B. Fick, J. M. Figueira, A. Filevich, A. Filipčič, B. D. Fox, O. Fratu, U. Fröhlich, B. Fuch, T. Fuji, R. Gaior, B. García, S. T. Garcia, D. Garcia-Gamez, D. Garcia-Pinto, G. Garilli, A. G. Bravo, F. Gate, H. Gemmeke, P. L. Ghia, U. Giaccari, M. Giammarchi, M. Giller, C. Glaser, H. Gla, M. G. Berisso, P. F. Gómez, P. Gonçalve, J. G. Gonzalez, N. González, B. Gookin, A. Gorgi, P. Gorham, P. Gouffon, S. Grebe, N. Griffith, A. F. Grillo, T. D. Grubb, Y. Guardincerri, F. Guarino, G. P. Guede, M. R. Hampel, P. Hansen, D. Harari, T. A. Harrison, S. Hartmann, J. L. Harton, A. Haung, T. Hebbeker, D. Heck, P. Heimann, A. E. Herve, G. C. Hill, C. Hojvat, N. Hollon, E. Holt, P. Homola, J. R. Hörandel, P. Horvath, M. Hrabovský, D. Huber, T. Huege, A. Insolia, P. G. Isar, K. Islo, I. Jandt, S. Jansen, C. Jarne, M. Josebachuili, A. Kääpä, O. Kambeitz, K. H. Kampert, P. Kasper, I. Katkov, B. Kégl, B. Keilhauer, A. Keivani, E. Kemp, R. M. Kieckhafer, H. O. Klage, M. Kleifge, J. Kleinfeller, R. Krause, N. Krohm, O. Krömer, D. Kruppke-Hansen, D. Kuempel, N. Kunka, G. L. Rosa, D. LaHurd, L. Latronico, R. Lauer, M. Lauscher, P. Lautridou, S. L. Coz, M. S. A., D. Lebrun, P. Lebrun, M. A. Leigui, A. Letessier-Selvon, I. Lhenry-Yvon, K. Link, R. López, A. L. Agüera, K. Louedec, J. L. Bahilo, L. Lu, A. Lucero, M. Ludwig, M. C. Maccarone, M. Malacari, S. Maldera, M. Mallamaci, J. Maller, D. Mandat, P. Mantsch, A. G. Mariazzi, V. Marin, I. C. Mariş, G. Marsella, D. Martello, L. Martin, H. Martinez, O. M. Bravo, D. Martraire, J. J. Masía, H. J. Mathe, S. Mathy, J. A. J., J. Matthew, G. Matthiae, D. Maurel, D. Maurizio, E. Mayotte, P. O. Mazur, C. Medina, G. Medina-Tanco, M. Melissa, D. Melo, E. Menichetti, A. Menshikov, S. Messina, R. Meyhandan, S. Mićanović, M. I. Micheletti, L. Middendorf, I. A. Minaya, L. Miramonti, B. Mitrica, L. Molina-Bueno, S. Mollerach, M. Monasor, D. M. Ragaigne, F. Montanet, C. Morello, M. Mostafá, C. A. Moura, M. A. Muller, G. Müller, M. Münchmeyer, R. Mussa, G. Navarra, S. Nava, P. Necesal, L. Nellen, A. Nelle, J. Neuser, M. Niechciol, L. Niemietz, T. Niggemann, D. Nitz, D. Nosek, V. Novotny, L. Nožka, L. Ochilo, A. Olinto, M. Oliveira, N. Pacheco, D. P. Selmi-Dei, M. Palatka, J. Pallotta, N. Palmieri, P. Papenbreer, G. Parente, A. Parra, T. Paul, M. Pech, J. Pękala, R. Pelayo, I. M. Pepe, L. Perrone, R. Pesce, E. Petermann, C. Peter, S. Petrera, A. Petrolini, Y. Petrov, J. Phuntsok, R. Piegaia, T. Pierog, P. Pieroni, M. Pimenta, V. Pirronello, M. Platino, M. Plum, A. Porcelli, C. Porowski, R. R. Prado, P. Privitera, M. Prouza, V. Purrello, E. J. Quel, S. Querchfeld, S. Quinn, J. Rautenberg, O. Ravel, D. Ravignani, B. Revenu, J. Ridky, S. Riggi, M. Risse, P. Ristori, V. Rizi, J. Robert, W. R. de, I. R. Cabo, G. R. Fernandez, J. R. Rojo, M. D. Rodríguez-Fría, G. Ro, J. Rosado, T. Rossler, M. Roth, E. Roulet, A. C. Rovero, S. J. Saffi, A. Saftoiu, F. Salamida, H. Salazar, A. Saleh, F. S. Greu, G. Salina, F. Sánchez, P. Sanchez-Luca, C. E. Santo, E. Santo, E. M. Santo, F. Sarazin, B. Sarkar, R. Sarmento, R. Sato, N. Scharf, V. Scherini, H. Schieler, P. Schiffer, O. Scholten, H. Schoorlemmer, P. Schovánek, A. Schulz, J. Schulz, J. Schumacher, S. J. Sciutto, A. Segreto, M. Settimo, A. Shadkam, R. C. Shellard, I. Sidelnik, G. Sigl, O. Sima, A. Śmiałkowski, R. Šmída, G. R. Snow, P. Sommer, J. Sorokin, R. Squartini, Y. N. Srivastava, S. Stanič, J. Stapleton, J. Stasielak, M. Stephan, A. Stutz, F. Suarez, T. Suomijärvi, A. D. Supanitsky, M. S. Sutherland, J. Swain, Z. Szadkowski, M. Szuba, O. A. Taborda, A. Tapia, M. Tartare, V. M. Theodoro, C. Timmerman, C. J. Todero, G. Toma, L. Tomankova, B. Tomé, A. Tonachini, G. T. Elipe, D. T. Machado, P. Travnicek, E. Trovato, M. Tuero, R. Ulrich, M. Unger, M. Urban, J. F. Valdé, I. Valiño, L. Valore, G. v. Aar, A. M. van, S. v. Velzen, A. v. Vliet, E. Varela, B. V. Cárdena, G. Varner, J. R. Vázquez, R. A. Vázquez, D. Veberič, V. Verzi, J. Vicha, M. Videla, L. Villaseñor, B. Vlcek, S. Vorobiov, H. Wahlberg, O. Wainberg, D. Walz, A. A. Watson, M. Weber, K. Weidenhaupt, A. Weindl, F. Werner, A. Widom, L. Wiencke, B. Wilczyńska, H. Wilczyński, M. Will, C. William, T. Winchen, D. Wittkowski, B. Wundheiler, S. Wyke, T. Yamamoto, T. Yapici, P. Younk, G. Yuan, A. Yushkov, B. Zamorano, E. Za, D. Zavrtanik, M. Zavrtanik, I. Zaw, A. Zepeda, J. Zhou, Y. Zhu, M. Z. Silva, M. Ziolkowski, T. P. Auger, R. U. Abbasi, M. Abe, T. Abu-Zayyad, M. Allen, R. Anderson, R. Azuma, E. Barcikowski, J. W. Belz, D. R. Bergman, S. A. Blake, R. Cady, M. J. Chae, B. G. Cheon, J. Chiba, M. Chikawa, W. R. Cho, T. Fujii, M. Fukushima, T. Goto, W. Hanlon, Y. Hayashi, N. Hayashida, K. Hibino, K. Honda, D. Ikeda, N. Inoue, T. Ishii, R. Ishimori, H. Ito, D. Ivanov, C. C. H., K. Kadota, F. Kakimoto, O. Kalashev, K. Kasahara, H. Kawai, S. Kawakami, S. Kawana, K. Kawata, E. Kido, H. B. Kim, J. H. Kim, S. Kitamura, Y. Kitamura, V. Kuzmin, Y. J. Kwon, J. Lan, S. I. Lim, J. P. Lundquist, K. Machida, K. Marten, T. Matsuda, T. Matsuyama, J. N. Matthew, M. Minamino, K. Mukai, I. Myer, K. Nagasawa, S. Nagataki, T. Nakamura, T. Nonaka, A. Nozato, S. Ogio, J. Ogura, M. Ohnishi, H. Ohoka, K. Oki, T. Okuda, M. Ono, A. Oshima, S. Ozawa, I. H. Park, M. S. Pshirkov, D. C. Rodriguez, G. Rubtsov, D. Ryu, H. Sagawa, N. Sakurai, A. L. Sampson, L. M. Scott, P. D. Shah, F. Shibata, T. Shibata, H. Shimodaira, B. K. Shin, J. D. Smith, P. Sokolsky, R. W. Springer, B. T. Stoke, S. R. Stratton, T. A. Stroman, T. Suzawa, M. Takamura, M. Takeda, R. Takeishi, A. Taketa, M. Takita, Y. Tameda, H. Tanaka, K. Tanaka, M. Tanaka, S. B. Thoma, G. B. Thomson, P. Tinyakov, I. Tkachev, H. Tokuno, T. Tomida, S. Troitsky, Y. Tsunesada, K. Tsutsumi, Y. Uchihori, S. Udo, F. Urban, G. Vasiloff, T. Wong, R. Yamane, H. Yamaoka, K. Yamazaki, J. Yang, K. Yashiro, Y. Yoneda, S. Yoshida, H. Yoshii, R. Zollinger, Z. Zundel, T. T. Array, and Research unit Astroparticle Physics

Subjects
Ciencias Físicas, Astronomy, Rays, Astrophysics, Astroparticle physics, Cosmic rays, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Pierre, law, Anisotropy, Telescope, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Energy, [SDU.ASTR.HE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, astroparticle physic, Radiación cósmica, Auger, Cosmic, Arrival, ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING, Física nuclear, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS, High, [PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], [PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, SURFACE DETECTOR, ICECUBE, AIR-SHOWER ARRAY, Directions, cosmic rays, 0103 physical sciences, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Ciencias Exactas, Pierre Auger Observatory, SPECTRUM, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Array, Spectral density, Spherical harmonics, Física, Astronomy and Astrophysics, ASTROFÍSICA, Ultra, [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Astronomía, Dipole, RESOLUTION, Space and Planetary Science, Experimental High Energy Physics, Quadrupole, Observatory, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

Spherical harmonic moments are well-suited for capturing anisotropy at any scale in the flux of cosmic rays. An unambiguous measurement of the full set of spherical harmonic coefficients requires full-sky coverage. This can be achieved by combining data from observatories located in both the northern and southern hemispheres. To this end, a joint analysis using data recorded at the Telescope Array and the Pierre Auger Observatory above 1019 eV is presented in this work. The resulting multipolar expansion of the flux of cosmic rays allows us to perform a series of anisotropy searches, and in particular to report on the angular power spectrum of cosmic rays above 1019 eV. No significant deviation from isotropic expectations is found throughout the analyses performed. Upper limits on the amplitudes of the dipole and quadrupole moments are derived as a function of the direction in the sky, varying between 7% and 13% for the dipole and between 7% and 10% for a symmetric quadrupole., Facultad de Ciencias Exactas

Published
2014

22. Application of optical elements for temporal and spatial transformation of ultra-short and ultra-intense light pulses

Author

Jaromír Křepelka, Miroslav Hrabovský, Ladislav Stanke, Miroslav Palatka, and Petr Schovanek

Subjects
Engineering, Extreme Light Infrastructure, business.industry, Optical engineering, Optical physics, Physical optics, Laser, Atomic, molecular, and optical physics, law.invention, Transformation (function), Optics, law, business, Beam (structure)
Abstract

The goal of the ELI (Extreme Light Infrastructure) project is to build a laser centre with the worlds highest power output pulsed laser in the locality of Dolni Břežany near Prague. Presented paper offers first glance to the insight into continuous and pulsed beam interaction with various optical systems which causes beam's spatial and temporal transformation. Complexity of this problem is illustrated in need of geometrical and physical optics knowledge, numerical simulations, material engineering and many others. This paper is focused on the field trace simulations in various software environments for both simple and more complex optical systems.

Published
2012

23. Surface microstructure of water Cherenkov detectors reflective liner: Tyvek

Author

Hana Šebestová, Miroslav Pech, Miroslav Palatka, Petr Schovanek, Dusan Mandat, Libor Nozka, Miroslav Hrabovský, and Helena Hiklová

Subjects
Photomultiplier, Materials science, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Light scattering, Optics, Air shower, Tyvek, Ultra-high-energy cosmic ray, Profilometer, business, Anisotropy, Cherenkov radiation
Abstract

Water Cherenkov detectors are used for studying of high energy cosmic rays. The photomultiplier tubes observe the Cherenkov light generated by fast extensive air shower of charged particles in water. Material trade-named Tyvek is frequently used as the inner lining material of these Cherenkov detectors because a high diffuse reflectivity is required in order to improve light collection uniformity. The results of Tyvek surface microstructure measurement using optical (confocal microscopy) and mechanical (profilometry) methods are presented in this paper. Tyvek surface light scattering anisotropy is commented.

Published
2012

24. Using Geant4 toolkit for simulations of optical systems with rough isotropic surfaces using BRDF profiles

Author

Petr Schovanek, Dusan Mandat, Miroslav Palatka, Libor Nozka, Miroslav Hrabovský, and Miroslav Pech

Subjects
Physics, Software, Photon, Optics, business.industry, Tyvek, System of measurement, Isotropy, Boundary (topology), Bidirectional reflectance distribution function, Tracking (particle physics), business
Abstract

The Geant4 toolkit is important and popular software for simulation of physics processes in various areas. In spite of its primary application in high-energy particle physics and astrophysics, it is also widely used for studies in space and medical science. The accuracy of Geant4 simulations depends on the credibility of both models of physics processes and the description of materials involved in simulations. In this work, model of rough isotropic optical surfaces is extended to Geant4 providing with the knowledge of their in-plane BRDF scatter profile. We updated Geant4’s algorithm responsible for tracking photon on a boundary of two optical environments to reflect the scatter profile of isotropic optical surfaces. To examine reliability of models, we measured BRDF profile of Tyvek, mylar and glass mirror samples by means of CASI measurement systems. We used obtained BRDF profile to setup optical properties of model counterpart of measured samples. Then we compared scattered profile in simulation with real one.

Published
2012

25. Enhancements to the Southern Pierre Auger Observatory

Author

Giorgio Matthiae, E. Moreno, C. Macolino, Alessio Gorgi, J. Oehlschläger, S. Harmsma, M. Ave, R. Mussa, J. J. Beatty, Norbert Kunka, Silvia Mollerach, Alain Hervé, J. Coppens, Antonio Insolia, R. Sato, G. Müller, L. Winders, Richard Dallier, Christopher Morris, Jaime Alvarez-Muñiz, S. Dagoret-Campagne, Henry Glass, Eva Santos, C. Meurer, D. Pakk Selmi-Dei, D. Schuster, A. Anzalone, C. Morello, M. Prouza, Domenico Tegolo, A. Cordier, Antonio Bueno, M. Roth, N. Nierstenhoefer, R. D. Parsons, Luis Villaseñor, Dariusz Gora, Sergio Pastor, Diego Harari, B. Sarkar, R. Rebolo Lopez, Carola Dobrigkeit, Sergio Sciutto, P. Younk, Fabian Schmidt, J. K. Kulbartz, Daniel Gonzalez, Ricardo Vázquez, Jakub Vicha, P. A. Kasper, J. S. Díaz, P. Abreu, S. L. C. Barroso, M. Will, V. H. Ponce, T. Paul, B. Vargas Cárdenas, Miroslav Palatka, T. Yamamoto, Rémi Bardenet, Alexander Menshikov, D. Kruppke-Hansen, Simone Riggi, Ruben Squartini, Jiri Chudoba, Daniel Kuempel, D.R. Walz, A. Italiano, Sebastian Schulte, E. Strazzeri, E. Varela, N. T. Thao, T. Hebbeker, A. Shadkam, Peter Schiffer, K. B. Barber, A. Lemiere, I. Zaw, A. Creusot, Paolo Privitera, R.M. Kieckhafer, S. Maldera, P. Brogueira, M. Blanco, M. Zimbres-Silva, Mário Pimenta, Gregory R Snow, Moritz Münchmeyer, Christopher B. Williams, D. Maurizio, J. C. Moreno, Ralph Engel, E. Petermann, H. Schoorlemmer, A. Śmiał kowski, D. Allard, K. Gesterling, Mario Scuderi, Ivone F. M. Albuquerque, C. Aramo, Carlos Hojvat, Ernesto Kemp, H. H. Silva Lopez, Andreas Weindl, Dusan Mandat, M. Ambrosio, Niraj Dhital, I. Valiño, Katrin Link, E. Menichetti, Bruce R. Dawson, C. E. Santo, R. Bruijn, Petr Schovanek, Pham Ngoc Diep, C. Robledo, O. Wainberg, Jonny Kleinfeller, J. Alvarez Castillo, F. Sarazin, R. F. Gamarra, Karen S. Caballero-Mora, A. Stutz, H. R. Marquez Falcon, Gualberto Avila, Angela V. Olinto, C. Di Giulio, Michael Sutherland, A. Guzman, M. A. Muller, G. Marsella, A. Filevich, P. Gouffon, Gaetano Salina, U. Fröhlich, J. Bäuml, G. Yuan, P. Karhan, Bianca Keilhauer, M. Monasor, B. Zamorano, Sebastian Achim Mueller, M. Gold, J. D. Hague, L. Perrone, S. Westerhoff, Viviana Scherini, N. Palmieri, L. Anchordoqui, Alessandro Petrolini, K. Weidenhaupt, V. Verzi, P. Wahrlich, G. Sigl, L. Niemietz, A. Tamashiro, Heino Falcke, Paulo J. S. Gonçalves, J. Aublin, Miroslav Hrabovský, J. Lozano Bahilo, Segev BenZvi, Andreas Haungs, M. Videla, Michael Unger, A. Schmidt, Francisco J. Blanco, G. Cataldi, M. L. Díaz Castro, Jaroslaw Stasielak, Juan Carlos D'Olivo, L. del Peral, I. Fajardo Tapia, Hans Klages, A. Chiavassa, A. Nelles, M. T. Dova, Matthias Kleifges, H. Spinka, P. Ristori, S. H. Cheng, O. Ravel, Jan Ridky, V. Rizi, Corbin Covault, Roger W Clay, A. Ferrero, Azadeh Keivani, F. Gomez Albarracin, Esteban Roulet, Philipp Mertsch, Aaron S. Chou, Ricardo Piegaia, C. E. Fracchiolla, F. Arqueros, N. Krohm, V. M. Olmos-Gilbaja, P. Necesal, Germano Guedes, Hermann-Josef Mathes, G. Tristram, U. Cotti, Olivier Deligny, H. Salazar, Geraldina Golup, Alexander Grillo, Juan Pallotta, M. Tueros, Rodrigo Pelayo, P. Allison, Osvaldo Catalano, D. D'Urso, M. I. Micheletti, J. Rodriguez Martino, S. Fliescher, Corinne Berat, D. Nitz, D. García Gámez, Martina Bohacova, Miroslav Pech, Tobias Winchen, T. Bäcker, J. C. Marin, Hartmut Gemmeke, J. L. Harton, J. Petrovic, Xavier Bertou, Fausto Guarino, Jose Luis La Rosa Navarro, J. Pȩkala, H. Wahlberg, M. Zavrtnik, Javier Gonzalez, Piera Luisa Ghia, Darko Veberič, Diego Ravignani, Lino Miramonti, B. Rouillé-d'Orfeuil, P. T. Nhung, Anderson Fauth, S. Gambetta, Pedro Assis, K. Kadija, Adrian Rovero, J. R. Vázquez, O. Taşcău, J. R. T. de Mello Neto, Tiina Suomijarvi, K. D. de Vries, Jörg R. Hörandel, W. C. Brown, Ioana Codrina Maris, V. de Souza, K. Louedec, Mariangela Settimo, K. H. Kampert, Alexey Yushkov, J. F. Valdés Galicia, D. Monnier Ragaigne, P. L. Biermann, P. Buchholz, David Warner, Michael Ziolkowski, Javier Tiffenberg, I. De Mitri, H. Blümer, W. Rodrigues de Carvalho, Gonzalo Parente, J. Rosado, Benoît Revenu, S. Mićanović, D. Garcia-Pinto, Danilo Zavrtanik, M. S. A. B. Leão, Kumiko Kotera, Bryan C. Fuchs, Dieter Heck, Paul Sommers, R. Cester, A. Aminaei, A. F. Barbosa, Iván Sidelnik, W. Tkaczyk, B. J. Whelan, D. H. Koang, P. N. Dong, P. Lebrun, M. J. Cooper, Piotr Homola, P. Facal San Luis, M. Grigat, B. Morales, S. Jiraskova, M. Tartare, R. Gaior, C. Pfendner, J. W. Cronin, S. R. Gozzini, H. Martinez, Tim Huege, Dalibor Nosek, M. Josebachuili, J. Neuser, N. Hollon, E. Grashorn, F. Sánchez, Lawrence Wiencke, C. Timmermans D. K. Tiwari, H. Cook, M. De Domenico, Marcos Santander, C. O. Escobar, Valerio Pirronello, A.D. Supanitsky, A. Curutiu, J. A. J. Matthews, J. L. Kelley, Henryk Wilczyński, I. Allekotte, Sofia Andringa, R. Tcaciuc, J. D. Swain, Tanguy Pierog, Alan Watson, M. G. Winnick, F. Montanet, R. Bonino, A. Criss, Sergio Dasso, Zbigniew Szadkowski, M.D. Rodríguez-Frías, B. Wilczyńska, N. Pacheco, C. Jarne, Warner A. Miller, W. Docters, Paul Mantsch, Kurt Becker, G. Wieczorek, J. C. dos Anjos, E. Trovato, M. Gómez Berisso, P. Travnicek, E. J. Ahn, N. Griffith, Ernesto Arganda, Alejandra Parra, S. Sánchez Navas, Isabelle Lhenry-Yvon, M. Mostafá, N. Phan, Jose Chinellato, J. Chauvin, Edivaldo Moura Santos, J. Stapleton, M. Stephan, C. Lachaud, Peter Mazur, R. E. Burton, Y. Guardincerri, J. Knapp, A. Lopez Agüera, Maria J. Ortiz, H. Lyberis, D. Martello, Maria Rita Coluccia, Y. Petrov, M. C. Maccarone, P. Lautridou, M. Weber, N. Scharf, Carla Bonifazi, Alberto Segreto, Jose A. Bellido, A. Dorofeev, Iuri Muniz Pepe, A. Lucero, Peter Hansen, Nataliia Borodai, John Matthews, Jaroslava Schovancova, A. Letessier-Selvon, Maria Giller, Glennys R. Farrar, Jan Ebr, Arnulfo Zepeda, Etienne Parizot, L. Valore, J. Allen, Rossella Caruso, R. Pesce, Bruce Becker, J. Sorokin, T. Rossler, A. Bellétoile, Markus Risse, Galo Rafael Gonzalvo Rodriguez, Marianne Ludwig, Sergio Petrera, M. Melissas, G. La Rosa, F. Kuehn, H. Rivera, R. M. de Almeida, Rúben Conceição, Marco Aglietta, Lukas Nellen, M. Wommer, V. Marin, P. Billoir, S. Grebe, Sven Querchfeld, B. Gookin, M. Urban, C. Bleve, H. Dembinski, R. Ulrich, M.A. Leigui de Oliveira, C. J. Todero Peixoto, D. B. Tridapalli, P. Pieroni, L. Martin, A. Horneffer, P. Petrinca, Antonella Castellina, O. Martínez Bravo, M. Erdmann, V. C. Holmes, D. Lebrun, I. Dutan, I. Rodriguez-Cabo, B. M. Baughman, Julian Rautenberg, Radomir Smida, S. Coutu, Federico Suarez, A. Tonachini, L. Nožka, Lorenzo Cazon, G. De La Vega, A. M. van den Berg, Norberto Fazzini, Analisa Mariazzi, D. Melo, Kai Daumiller, Benjamin A. Garcia, M. Nyklicek, A. Filipčič, J. Rodriguez Rojo, L. Caramete, S. Stanič, Manuel Platino, C. De Donato, Jeffrey Brack, Olaf Scholten, M. Szuba, F.G. Schröder, Enrique Zas, Harald Schieler, A. Tapia, M. Balzer, C. Rühle, T. Yapici, M. Pontz, G. Decerprit, Alberto Etchegoyen, G. Navarra, A. P. Ferguson, C. A. Moura, Bernardo Tomé, Brian Fick, Brian Wundheiler, Fernando Contreras, Balázs Kégl, Subir Sarkar, A. Gascon, Hernán Asorey, T. Šuša, R.C. Shellard, Denise Boncioli, F. Ionita, S. J. De Jong, M. Avenier, D. Thomas, Ugo Giaccari, Francesco Salamida, German Ros, Gustavo Medina-Tanco, C. G. Tavera Ruiz, Eduardo Quel, E. D. Fraenkel, W. J. M. de Mello Junior, T. Antičić, J. Roberts, and O. Krömer

Subjects
History, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astronomy, Cosmic ray, Scintillator, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Education, Optics, Observatory, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, GeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.,dictionaries,encyclopedias,glossaries), Cherenkov radiation, Physics, Pierre Auger Observatory, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Computer Science Applications, Air shower, Experimental High Energy Physics, Amiga, business
Abstract

The southern Pierre Auger Observatory has been detecting cosmic rays above 1018eV since 2004, exploiting a hybrid air shower detection technique, with 1660 water Cherenkov detectors together with 24 air fluorescence telescopes on a 3000 km2 site. As low energy enhancements to the observatory, 3 additional telescopes with elevated fields of view were built (HEAT). The detector density was increased in the HEAT fields of view by a factor of four in an area of about 25 km2. This setup enables unbiased hybrid data taking above 1017eV. The infilled area is also being equipped with large underground scintillator muon detectors (AMIGA). Finally, a prototype array of radio antenna stations (AERA), working from 30 to 80 MHz, has been installed in a part of the infill. Properties and status of AMIGA, HEAT, and AERA are presented.

Published
2012

26. Update on the correlation of the highest energy cosmic rays with nearby extragalactic matter

Author

M. Videla, M. Avenier, L. Nožka, G. Cataldi, I. Lhenry-Yvon, M. G. Winnick, Marcos Santander, Peter Mazur, Tanguy Pierog, J. Knapp, L. del Peral, L. Caramete, H. Gemmeke, W. J. M. de Mello Junior, J. Rodriguez Martino, J. Petrovic, R. Mussa, Ivor Fleck, K. Louedec, G. Yuan, B. Zamorano, Azadeh Keivani, M.E. Ortiz, Daniel Omar Badagnani, Ralf Ulrich, Paul M. Mantsch, Anderson Fauth, S. Gambetta, R. Piegaia, N. Nierstenhoefer, Antoine Letessier-Selvon, Alexander Schmidt, K. Arisaka, U. Giaccari, Petr Schovanek, J. W. Cronin, Nataliia Borodai, A. Śmiałkowski, Dusan Mandat, Ioana Codrina Maris, Ricardo Vázquez, B. R. Becker, Moritz Münchmeyer, Ralph Engel, D. H. Koang, E. Moreno, T. Susa, A. Stutz, Christopher Morris, Jaime Alvarez-Muñiz, D. Schuster, L. Winders, S. Grebe, Matias Tueros, R. Squartini, John L. Harton, E. Grashorn, T. Paul, T. Antičić, Olivier Ravel, E. Menichetti, A. F. Barbosa, M. Ave, R. E. Burton, R. M. de Almeida, Dariusz Gora, T. Rossler, Fabian Schmidt, K. Link, Miroslav Hrabovský, A. Haungs, Maria-Teresa Dova, Paul Sommers, P. N. Dong, M. J. Cooper, J. D. Hague, M. De Domenico, Maria Rita Coluccia, P. Abreu, D. Ravignani, Luis A. Anchordoqui, Sergio Sciutto, Federico Suarez, B. Rouillé-D'Orfeuil, D. B. Tridapalli, J. Allen, R. Pesce, B. M. Baughman, A. Chou, M. Platino, M. Monasor, Markus Roth, J. F. Valdés Galicia, X. Garrido, I. De Mitri, Dieter Heck, Martin Urban, C. Macolino, J. Oehlschläger, B. J. Whelan, A. Lopez Agüera, D. Maurizio, Domenico Tegolo, P. W. Younk, T. Bäcker, Alberto Filevich, Peter Hansen, Fausto Guarino, C. Aramo, John Matthews, C. Morello, Peter Buchholz, Francisco J. Blanco, V. H. Ponce, R. Sato, Jiri Chudoba, Carola Dobrigkeit, R. F. Gamarra, I. Valiño, Nicolás G. Busca, M. I. Micheletti, M. A. Leigui de Oliveira, R. Tcaciuc, F. Schroeder, F. Montanet, J. C. dos Anjos, K. D. de Vries, Matthias Balzer, Pham Ngoc Diep, A. Lemiere, H. Glass, F. Gomez Albarracin, V. Scherini, P. Wahrlich, J. R. T. de Mello Neto, Alan Watson, W. Fulgione, Marco Aglietta, Heino Falcke, Arnulfo Zepeda, A. Bellétoile, Antonio Bueno, Sergio Pastor, Jonny Kleinfeller, A. Gorgi, J. Alvarez Castillo, G. Decerprit, Glennys R. Farrar, Jose Chinellato, Tonia M. Venters, P. Gonalves, D. Garcia-Pinto, M. S. A. B. Leão, C. E. Fracchiolla, G. Wieczorek, T. Schmidt, D. D'Urso, Peter L. Biermann, Gualberto Avila, K. Kotera, Ingomar Allekotte, Miroslav Palatka, Angela V. Olinto, Valerio Pirronello, S. Dagoret-Campagne, Corinne Berat, S. J. De Jong, E. Parizot, C. E. Santo, Pascal Lautridou, P. Schiffer, D. Thomas, A. Curutiu, N. Palmieri, S. Jiraskova, Vincent Marin, N. Krohm, Paolo Privitera, Vasiliki Pavlidou, W. Tkaczyk, S. Schulte, F. Arqueros, J. Pȩkala, P. Necesal, A. Menshikov, Martina Bohacova, Lorenzo Cazon, P. Billoir, Zbigniew Szadkowski, M. Gold, H. Rivera, S. Mueller, Rodrigo Pelayo, P. Karhan, R. M. Kieckhafer, Juan Moreno, J. Rautenberg, O. Wainberg, C. J.W.P. Timmermans, C. Lachaud, C. Meurer, T. Karova, J. Sorokin, Graciela B. Gelmini, E. Trovato, D. Tcherniakhovski, H. Schoorlemmer, W. C. Brown, J. Lozano Bahilo, John Swain, Guenter Sigl, Markus Risse, U. Cotti, A. Dorofeev, B. Gookin, A. Horneffer, P. Petrinca, T. Tarutina, K. Weidenhaupt, Matthias Kleifges, Corbin Covault, Y. Petrov, Germano Guedes, Olivier Deligny, Alexander Grillo, S. Fliescher, E. Petermann, E. M. Santos, M. Gómez Berisso, R. C. Shellard, A. Tapia, Balázs Kégl, D. García Gámez, Miroslav Pech, Lino Miramonti, C. Rivire, M. Unger, L. Villaseñor, A. D. Supanitsky, Hernán Asorey, H. Lyberis, Carla Bonifazi, O. Tacu, Jose A. Bellido, Bruce R. Dawson, J. S. Díaz, Rémi Bardenet, M. Zavrtanik, A. Della Selva, Hans Klages, A. Chiavassa, Henryk Wilczyński, Fred Sarazin, Lukas Nellen, Tim Huege, M. Wommer, Ernesto Arganda, L. Martin, P. Gouffon, M. D. Rodríguez-Frías, Y. Guardincerri, Gaetano Salina, Petr Travnicek, F. Ionita, M. S. Sutherland, Jaime Rosado, K. B. Barber, J. L. Kelley, A. Italiano, L. R. Wiencke, I. Rodriguez-Cabo, R. Cester, Danilo Zavrtanik, S. R. Gozzini, A.M. van den Berg, K. Payet, G. De La Vega, B. Morales, Darko Veberič, Rossella Caruso, Pietro Oliva, A. Lucero, C. Robledo, G. La Rosa, E. Strazzeri, Sofia Andringa, B. Vargas Cárdenas, D. K. Tiwari, J. A.J. Matthews, T. Suomijärvi, J. Pallotta, M. Prouza, E. J. Quel, Xavier Bertou, N. Pacheco, J. Rodriguez Rojo, Bianca Keilhauer, B. Tome, Pedro Assis, Béatrice Fuchs, M. Blanco, Javier Tiffenberg, V. C. Holmes, D. Lebrun, I. Dutan, Jan Ridky, Enrique Zas, I. M. Pepe, C. Di Giulio, R. Bonino, Fernando Contreras, J. Stasielak, S. Coutu, Norberto Fazzini, A. Denkiewicz, M. Nyklicek, M. McEwen, P. T. Nhung, A. Ferrero, S. Navas, F. Kuehn, M. C. Maccarone, M. Melissas, E. Colombo, Hernan Wahlberg, D. Kruppke-Hansen, A. Filipčič, Javier Gonzalez, D. Nosek, M. Will, G. Marsella, E. D. Fraenkel, Marcio Aparecido Muller, J. Parrisius, Jan Ebr, Sergio Petrera, G. Parente, P. Ristori, V. M. Olmos-Gilbaja, D. Allard, A. Weindl, Subir Sarkar, B. Revenu, Carlos Hojvat, Ernesto Kemp, A. Gascon, E. Santos, Denise Boncioli, G. Golup, J. K. Kulbartz, Kreso Kadija, G. Tristram, U. Fröhlich, D. Pakk Selmi-Dei, J. R. Vázquez, German Ros, H. R. Marquez Falcon, V. Verzi, M. Kaducak, Mariangela Settimo, D. Harari, Alessandro Petrolini, Pedro Brogueira, Alexey Yushkov, Miguel Mostafá, J. Schovancova, M. L. Díaz Castro, J. L. Navarro, H. Blümer, R. Conceião, Piotr Homola, Daniel Gonzalez, P. Facal San Luis, H. Schieler, Karl-Heinz Kampert, Antonella Castellina, Hermann-Josef Mathes, Maurice Stephan, C. L. Williams, H. M. Spinka, O. Krömer, S. Riggi, A. P. Ferguson, M. Pimenta, A. Tonachini, F. Salamida, J. Stapleton, Kai Daumiller, M. Grigat, Mario Scuderi, Tobias Winchen, P. Lebrun, Karen S. Caballero-Mora, Daniel Kuempel, M. Ludwig, Martin Erdmann, Beatriz García, Carlos Escobar, A. Creusot, Roger W Clay, A. Cordier, S. Maldera, N. T. Thao, D. Warner, Gustavo Medina-Tanco, Thomas Hebbeker, Sergio Dasso, R. Bruijn, Richard Dallier, A. Parra, Jeffrey Brack, Olaf Scholten, Humberto Ibarguen Salazar, C. De Donato, G. Navarra, F. Schüssler, S. L.C. Barroso, T. Yamamoto, Brian Fick, Jörg R. Hörandel, T. Bergmann, Warner A. Miller, Antonio Insolia, L. Valore, Amin Aminaei, I. Zaw, B. Wilczynska, Sasa Micanovic, A. Criss, Maria Giller, M. Pontz, R. López, A. Shadkam, Juan Carlos D'Olivo, Esteban Roulet, Osvaldo Catalano, Piera Luisa Ghia, L. Perrone, J. Chauvin, A. Segreto, Radomir Smida, D. Melo, A. Anzalone, V. de Souza, R. D. Parsons, Alberto Etchegoyen, B. Wundheiler, Gregory R Snow, P. H. Kasper, N. Scharf, A. Tamashiro, D. Monnier Ragaigne, S. Harmsma, C. Pfendner, J. J. Beatty, Norbert Kunka, D. Nitz, Silvia Mollerach, Alain Hervé, J. Coppens, H. Dembinski, G. Matthiae, M. Ambrosio, Julien Aublin, K. Gesterling, D. Martello, G. Rodriguez, A. C. Rovero, C. Bleve, C. J. Todero Peixoto, Vincenzo Rizi, M. Ziolkowski, O. Martínez Bravo, F. Sánchez, Iván Sidelnik, H. Cook, N. Phan, Eun-Joo Ahn, K. H. Becker, A. G. Mariazzi, P., Abreu, M., Aglietta, E. J., Ahn, D., Allard, I., Allekotte, J., Allen, J., Alvarez Castillo, J., Alvarez Muñiz, M., Ambrosio, A., Aminaei, L., Anchordoqui, S., Andringa, T., Anticic, A., Anzalone, C., Aramo, E., Arganda, K., Arisaka, F., Arquero, H., Asorey, P., Assi, J., Aublin, M., Ave, M., Avenier, G., Avila, T., Bäcker, D., Badagnani, M., Balzer, K. B., Barber, A. F., Barbosa, R., Bardenet, S. L. C., Barroso, B., Baughman, J. J., Beatty, B. R., Becker, K. H., Becker, A., Bellétoile, J. A., Bellido, S., Benzvi, C., Berat, T., Bergmann, X., Bertou, P. L., Biermann, P., Billoir, F., Blanco, M., Blanco, Bleve, Carla, H., Blümer, M., Bohácová, D., Boncioli, C., Bonifazi, R., Bonino, N., Borodai, J., Brack, P., Brogueira, W. C., Brown, R., Bruijn, P., Buchholz, A., Bueno, R. E., Burton, N. G., Busca, K. S., Caballero Mora, L., Caramete, R., Caruso, A., Castellina, O., Catalano, G., Cataldi, L., Cazon, R., Cester, J., Chauvin, A., Chiavassa, J. A., Chinellato, A., Chou, J., Chudoba, R. W., Clay, E., Colombo, Coluccia, MARIA RITA, R., Conceição, F., Contrera, H., Cook, M. J., Cooper, J., Coppen, A., Cordier, U., Cotti, S., Coutu, C. E., Covault, A., Creusot, A., Cri, J., Cronin, A., Curutiu, S., Dagoret Campagne, R., Dallier, S., Dasso, K., Daumiller, B. R., Dawson, R. M., de Almeida, M., De Domenico, C., De Donato, S. J., de Jong, G., De La Vega, W. J. M., de Mello Junior, J. R. T., de Mello Neto, DE MITRI, Ivan, V., de Souza, K. D., de Vrie, G., Decerprit, L., del Peral, O., Deligny, A., Della Selva, H., Dembinski, A., Denkiewicz, C., Di Giulio, J. C., Diaz, M. L., Díaz Castro, P. N., Diep, C., Dobrigkeit, J. C., D'Olivo, P. N., Dong, A., Dorofeev, J. C., dos Anjo, M. T., Dova, D., D'Urso, I., Dutan, J., Ebr, R., Engel, M., Erdmann, C. O., Escobar, A., Etchegoyen, P., Facal San Lui, H., Falcke, G., Farrar, A. C., Fauth, N., Fazzini, A. P., Ferguson, A., Ferrero, B., Fick, A., Filevich, A., Filipcic, I., Fleck, S., Fliescher, C. E., Fracchiolla, E. D., Fraenkel, U., Fröhlich, B., Fuch, W., Fulgione, R. F., Gamarra, S., Gambetta, B., García, D., García Gámez, D., Garcia Pinto, X., Garrido, A., Gascon, G., Gelmini, H., Gemmeke, K., Gesterling, P. L., Ghia, U., Giaccari, M., Giller, H., Gla, L. M., Goggin, M. S., Gold, G., Golup, F., Gomez Albarracin, M., Gómez Berisso, P., Gonçalve, D., Gonzalez, J. G., Gonzalez, B., Gookin, D., Góra, A., Gorgi, P., Gouffon, S. R., Gozzini, E., Grashorn, S., Grebe, M., Grigat, A. F., Grillo, Y., Guardincerri, F., Guarino, G. P., Guede, J. D., Hague, P., Hansen, D., Harari, S., Harmsma, J. L., Harton, A., Haung, T., Hebbeker, D., Heck, A. E., Herve, C., Hojvat, V. C., Holme, P., Homola, J. R., Hörandel, A., Horneffer, M., Hrabovský, T., Huege, M., Hussain, A., Insolia, F., Ionita, A., Italiano, S., Jiraskova, K., Kadija, M., Kaducak, K. H., Kampert, P., Karhan, T., Karova, P., Kasper, B., Kégl, B., Keilhauer, A., Keivani, J. L., Kelley, E., Kemp, R. M., Kieckhafer, H. O., Klage, M., Kleifge, J., Kleinfeller, J., Knapp, D. H., Koang, K., Kotera, N., Krohm, O., Krömer, D., Kruppke Hansen, F., Kuehn, D., Kuempel, J. K., Kulbartz, N., Kunka, G., La Rosa, C., Lachaud, P., Lautridou, M. S. A. B., Leão, D., Lebrun, P., Lebrun, M. A., Leigui de Oliveira, A., Lemiere, A., Letessier Selvon, I., Lhenry Yvon, K., Link, R., López, A., Lopez Agüera, K., Louedec, J., Lozano Bahilo, A., Lucero, M., Ludwig, H., Lyberi, M. C., Maccarone, C., Macolino, S., Maldera, D., Mandat, P., Mantsch, A. G., Mariazzi, V., Marin, I. C., Mari, H. R., Marquez Falcon, Marsella, Giovanni, Martello, Daniele, L., Martin, O., Martínez Bravo, H. J., Mathe, J., Matthew, J. A. J., Matthew, G., Matthiae, D., Maurizio, P. O., Mazur, M., Mcewen, G., Medina Tanco, M., Melissa, D., Melo, E., Menichetti, A., Menshikov, C., Meurer, S., Micanovic, M. I., Micheletti, W., Miller, L., Miramonti, S., Mollerach, M., Monasor, D., Monnier Ragaigne, F., Montanet, B., Morale, C., Morello, E., Moreno, J. C., Moreno, C., Morri, M., Mostafá, S., Mueller, M. A., Muller, R., Mussa, G., Navarra ‡, J. L., Navarro, S., Nava, P., Necesal, L., Nellen, P. T., Nhung, N., Nierstenhoefer, D., Nitz, D., Nosek, L., Nožka, M., Nyklicek, J., Oehlschläger, A., Olinto, P., Oliva, V. M., Olmos Gilbaja, M., Ortiz, N., Pacheco, D., Pakk Selmi Dei, M., Palatka, J., Pallotta, N., Palmieri, G., Parente, E., Parizot, A., Parra, J., Parrisiu, R. D., Parson, S., Pastor, T., Paul, V., Pavlidou c, K., Payet, M., Pech, J., Pekala, R., Pelayo, I. M., Pepe, Perrone, Lorenzo, R., Pesce, E., Petermann, S., Petrera, P., Petrinca, A., Petrolini, Y., Petrov, J., Petrovic, C., Pfendner, N., Phan, R., Piegaia, T., Pierog, M., Pimenta, V., Pirronello, M., Platino, V. H., Ponce, M., Pontz, P., Privitera, M., Prouza, E. J., Quel, J., Rautenberg, O., Ravel, D., Ravignani, B., Revenu, J., Ridky, S., Riggi, M., Risse, P., Ristori, C., Rivière, V., Rizi, C., Robledo, G., Rodriguez, J., Rodriguez Martino, J., Rodriguez Rojo, I., Rodriguez Cabo, M. D., Rodríguez Fría, G., Ro, J., Rosado, T., Rossler, M., Roth, B., Rouillé d'Orfeuil, E., Roulet, A. C., Rovero, F., Salamida, H., Salazar, G., Salina, F., Sánchez, M., Santander, C. E., Santo, E., Santo, E. M., Santo, F., Sarazin, S., Sarkar, R., Sato, N., Scharf, V., Scherini, H., Schieler, P., Schiffer, A., Schmidt, F., Schmidt, T., Schmidt, O., Scholten, H., Schoorlemmer, J., Schovancova, P., Schovánek, F., Schroeder, S., Schulte, F., Schüssler, D., Schuster, S. J., Sciutto, M., Scuderi, A., Segreto, D., Semikoz, Settimo, Mariangela, A., Shadkam, R. C., Shellard, I., Sidelnik, G., Sigl, A., Smialkowski, R., Šmída, G. R., Snow, P., Sommer, J., Sorokin, H., Spinka, R., Squartini, J., Stapleton, J., Stasielak, M., Stephan, E., Strazzeri, A., Stutz, F., Suarez, T., Suomijärvi, A. D., Supanitsky, T., Šuša, M. S., Sutherland, J., Swain, Z., Szadkowski, A., Tamashiro, A., Tapia, T., Tarutina, O., Tascau, R., Tcaciuc, D., Tcherniakhovski, D., Tegolo, N. T., Thao, D., Thoma, J., Tiffenberg, C., Timmerman, D. K., Tiwari, W., Tkaczyk, C. J., Todero Peixoto, B., Tomé, A., Tonachini, P., Travnicek, D. B., Tridapalli, G., Tristram, E., Trovato, M., Tuero, R., Ulrich, M., Unger, M., Urban, J. F., Valdés Galicia, I., Valiño, L., Valore, A. M., van den Berg, B., Vargas Cárdena, J. R., Vázquez, R. A., Vázquez, D., Veberic, T., Venter, V., Verzi, M., Videla, L., Villaseñor, H., Wahlberg, P., Wahrlich, O., Wainberg, D., Warner, A. A., Watson, K., Weidenhaupt, A., Weindl, S., Westerhoff, B. J., Whelan, G., Wieczorek, L., Wiencke, B., Wilczynska, H., Wilczynski, M., Will, C., William, T., Winchen, L., Winder, M. G., Winnick, M., Wommer, B., Wundheiler, T., Yamamoto a, P., Younk, G., Yuan, A., Yushkov, B., Zamorano, E., Za, D., Zavrtanik, M., Zavrtanik, I., Zaw, A., Zepeda, M., Ziolkowski, APC - Astrophysique des Hautes Energies (APC - AHE), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire SUBATECH Nantes (SUBATECH), Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), PIERRE AUGER, Guarino, Fausto, D'Urso, Domenico, Valore, Laura, Aramo, Carla, DELLA SELVA, Angelo, Yushkov, Alexey, The Pierre Auger, C. o. l. l. a. b. o. r. a. t. i. o. n., Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Ahn, E., Allard, D., Allekotte, I., Allen, J., Alvarez Castillo, J., Alvarez-Muñiz, J., Ambrosio, M., Aminaei, A., Anchordoqui, L., Andringa, S., Antičić, T., Anzalone, A., Aramo, C., Arganda, E., Arisaka, K., Arqueros, F., Asorey, H., Assis, P., Aublin, J., Ave, M., Avenier, M., Avila, G., Bäcker, T., Badagnani, D., Balzer, M., Barber, K., Barbosa, A., Bardenet, R., Barroso, S., Baughman, B., Beatty, J., Becker, B., Becker, K., Bellétoile, A., Bellido, J., Berat, C., Bergmann, T., Bertou, X., Biermann, P., Billoir, P., Blanco, F., Blanco, M., Bleve, C., Blümer, H., Boháčová, M., Boncioli, D., Bonifazi, C., Bonino, R., Borodai, N., Brack, J., Brogueira, P., Brown, W., Bruijn, R., Buchholz, P., Bueno, A., Burton, R., Busca, N., Caballero-Mora, K., Caramete, L., Caruso, R., Castellina, A., Catalano, O., Cataldi, G., Cazon, L., Cester, R., Chauvin, J., Chiavassa, A., Chinellato, J., Chou, A., Chudoba, J., Clay, R., Colombo, E., Coluccia, M., Conceião, R., Contreras, F., Cook, H., Cooper, M., Coppens, J., Cordier, A., Cotti, U., Coutu, S., Covault, C., Creusot, A., Criss, A., Cronin, J., Curutiu, A., Dagoret-Campagne, S., Dallier, R., Dasso, S., Daumiller, K., Dawson, B., De Almeida, R., De Domenico, M., De Donato, C., De Jong, S., De La Vega, G., De Mello Junior, W., De Mello Neto, J., De Mitri, I., De Souza, V., De Vries, K., Decerprit, G., Del Peral, L., Deligny, O., Della Selva, A., Dembinski, H., Denkiewicz, A., Di Giulio, C., Diaz, J., Díaz Castro, M., Diep, P., Dobrigkeit, C., D'Olivo, J., Dong, P., Dorofeev, A., Dos Anjos, J., Dova, M., D'Urso, D., Dutan, I., Ebr, J., Engel, R., Erdmann, M., Escobar, C., Etchegoyen, A., Facal San Luis, P., Falcke, H., Farrar, G., Fauth, A., Fazzini, N., Ferguson, A., Ferrero, A., Fick, B., Filevich, A., Filipčič, A., Fleck, I., Fliescher, S., Fracchiolla, C., Fraenkel, E., Fröhlich, U., Fuchs, B., Fulgione, W., Gamarra, R., Gambetta, S., García, B., García Gámez, D., Garcia-Pinto, D., Garrido, X., Gascon, A., Gelmini, G., Gemmeke, H., Gesterling, K., Ghia, P., Giaccari, U., Giller, M., Glass, H., Gold, M., Golup, G., Gomez Albarracin, F., Gómez Berisso, M., Gonalves, P., Gonzalez, D., Gonzalez, J., Gookin, B., Góra, D., Gorgi, A., Gouffon, P., Gozzini, S., Grashorn, E., Grebe, S., Grigat, M., Grillo, A., Guardincerri, Y., Guarino, F., Guedes, G., Hague, J., Hansen, P., Harari, D., Harmsma, S., Harton, J., Haungs, A., Hebbeker, T., Heck, D., Herve, A., Hojvat, C., Holmes, V., Homola, P., Hörandel, J., Horneffer, A., Hrabovský, M., Huege, T., Insolia, A., Ionita, F., Italiano, A., Jiraskova, S., Kadija, K., Kaducak, M., Kampert, K., Karhan, P., Karova, T., Kasper, P., Kégl, B., Keilhauer, B., Keivani, A., Kelley, J., Kemp, E., Kieckhafer, R., Klages, H., Kleifges, M., Kleinfeller, J., Knapp, J., Koang, D., Kotera, K., Krohm, N., Krömer, O., Kruppke-Hansen, D., Kuehn, F., Kuempel, D., Kulbartz, J., Kunka, N., La Rosa, G., Lachaud, C., Lautridou, P., Leão, M., Lebrun, D., Lebrun, P., Leigui De Oliveira, M., Lemiere, A., Letessier-Selvon, A., Lhenry-Yvon, I., Link, K., López, R., Lopez Agüera, A., Louedec, K., Lozano Bahilo, J., Lucero, A., Ludwig, M., Lyberis, H., Maccarone, M., Macolino, C., Maldera, S., Mandat, D., Mantsch, P., Mariazzi, A., Marin, V., Maris, I., Marquez Falcon, H., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Martin, L., Martínez Bravo, O., Mathes, H., Matthews, J., Matthiae, G., Maurizio, D., Mazur, P., Mcewen, M., Medina-Tanco, G., Melissas, M., Melo, D., Menichetti, E., Menshikov, A., Meurer, C., Mičanović, S., Micheletti, M., Miller, W., Miramonti, L., Mollerach, S., Monasor, M., Monnier Ragaigne, D., Montanet, F., Morales, B., Morello, C., Moreno, E., Moreno, J., Morris, C., Mostafá, M., Mueller, S., Muller, M., Münchmeyer, M., Mussa, R., Navarra, G., Navarro, J., Navas, S., Necesal, P., Nellen, L., Nhung, P., Nierstenhoefer, N., Nitz, D., Nosek, D., Nožka, L., Nyklicek, M., Oehlschläger, J., Olinto, A., Oliva, P., Olmos-Gilbaja, V., Ortiz, M., Pacheco, N., Pakk Selmi-Dei, D., Palatka, M., Pallotta, J., Palmieri, N., Parente, G., Parizot, E., Parra, A., Parrisius, J., Parsons, R., Pastor, S., Paul, T., Pavlidou, V., Payet, K., Pech, M., Pȩkala, J., Pelayo, R., Pepe, I., Perrone, L., Pesce, R., Petermann, E., Petrera, S., Petrinca, P., Petrolini, A., Petrov, Y., Petrovic, J., Pfendner, C., Phan, N., Piegaia, R., Pierog, T., 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I., Zepeda, A., Ziolkowski, M., Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Dipartimento di Astronomia, Universita degli Studi di Bologna, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO)-Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes), KVI - Center for Advanced Radiation Technology, Research unit Astroparticle Physics, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Dipartimento di Astronomia, Universita degli Studi di Bologna, Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO)-Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), and PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)

Subjects
Astronomy, Astrophysics, Ultra High Energy Cosmic ray, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Observatory, law, Anisotropy, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, media_common, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, [SDU.ASTR.HE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], UHECR, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Pierre Auger Observatory, GZK, Anisotropía, GALAXIES, NEUTRINOS, Greisen–Zatsepin–Kuz’min, ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING, Física nuclear, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI, HIPASS CATALOG, [PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], Active galactic nucleus, Radiación Cósmica, media_common.quotation_subject, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Telescope, 0103 physical sciences, Cosmic rays, Ciencias Exactas, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, SPECTRUM, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Física, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Galaxy, Correlation with astrophysical sources, Extra-galactic, Sky, Experimental High Energy Physics
Abstract

Data collected by the Pierre Auger Observatory through 31 August 2007 showed evidence for anisotropy in the arrival directions of cosmic rays above the Greisen-Zatsepin-Kuz'min energy threshold, 6 x 10(19) eV. The anisotropy was measured by the fraction of arrival directions that are less than 3.1 degrees from the position of an active galactic nucleus within 75 Mpc (using the Veron-Cetty and Veron 12th catalog). An updated measurement of this fraction is reported here using the arrival directions of cosmic rays recorded above the same energy threshold through 31 December 2009. The number of arrival directions has increased from 27 to 69, allowing a more precise measurement. The correlating fraction is (38(-6)(+7))%, compared with 21% expected for isotropic cosmic rays. This is down from the early estimate of (69-(+11)(13))%. The enlarged set of arrival directions is examined also in relation to other populations of nearby extragalactic objects: galaxies in the 2 Microns All Sky Survey and active galactic nuclei detected in hard X-rays by the Swift Burst Alert Telescope. A celestial region around the position of the radiogalaxy Cen A has the largest excess of arrival directions relative to isotropic expectations. The 2-point autocorrelation function is shown for the enlarged set of arrival directions and compared to the isotropic expectation., We are very grateful to the following agencies and organizations for financial support: Comision Nacional de Energia Atomica, Fundacion Antorchas, Gobierno De La Provincia de Mendoza, Municipalidad de Malargue, NDM Holdings and Valle Las Lenas, in gratitude for their continuing cooperation over land access, Argentina; the Australian Research Council; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq), Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (FINEP), Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ), Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP), Ministerio de Ciencia e Tecnologia (MCT), Brazil; AVCR AV0Z10100502 and AV0Z10100522, GAAV KJB300100801 and KJB100100904, MSMT-CR LA08016, LC527, 1M06002, and MSM0021620859, Czech Republic; Centre de Calcul IN2P3/CNRS, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Conseil Regional Ile-de-France, Departement Physique Nucleaire et Corpusculaire (PNC-IN2P3/CNRS), Departement Sciences de l'Univers (SDU-1NSU/CNRS), France; Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Finanzministerium Baden-Wurttemberg, Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Deutscher Forschungszentren (HGF), Ministerium fur Wissenschaft und Forschung, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Ministerium fur Wissenschaft, Forschung und Kunst, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Universita e della Ricerca (MIUR), Italy; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACYT), Mexico; Ministerie van Onderwijs, Cultuur en Wetenschap, Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO), Stichting voor Fundamenteel Onderzoek der Materie (FOM), Netherlands; Ministry of Science and Higher Education, Grant Nos. 1 P03 D 014 30 and N N202 207238, Poland; Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia, Portugal; Ministry for Higher Education, Science, and Technology, Slovenian Research Agency, Slovenia; Comunidad de Madrid, Consejeria de Educacion de la Comunidad de Castilla La Mancha, FEDER funds, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion and Consolider-Ingenio 2010 (CPAN), Generalitat Valenciana, Junta de Andalucia, Xunta de Galicia, Spain; Science and Technology Facilities Council, United Kingdom; Department of Energy, Contract Nos. DE-AC02-07CH11359, DE-FR02-04ER41300, National Science Foundation, Grant No. 0450696, The Grainger Foundation USA; ALFA-EC/ HELEN, European Union 6th Framework Program, Grant No. MEIF-CT-2005-025057, European Union 7th Framework Program, Grant No. PIEF-GA-2008-220240, and UNESCO.

Published
2010

27. Correlation of the highest-energy cosmic rays with the positions of nearby active galactic nuclei

Author

A. Krieger, A. Curutiu, A. Della Selva, C. Grunfeld, J. Pallotta, E. J. Quel, M. Ortiz, Antoine Letessier-Selvon, M. D. Healy, Martina Bohacova, Patrick Allison, J. Sorokin, Graciela B. Gelmini, John Swain, Segev BenZvi, A. Creusot, A. G. K. Smith, A. Tamburro, T. Karova, Corbin Covault, T. Bergmann, S. Westerhoff, C. E. Fracchiolla, M. D. Rodriguez-Frias, P. Bernardini, R. R. McNeil, Alexander Schmidt, I. Valiño, P. Facal San Luis, L. Caramete, M. Gómez Berisso, M. Gonçalves do Amaral, Y. Petrov, Geraldina Golup, Alexander Grillo, R. C. Shellard, R. Mussa, M. Zavrtanik, Warner A. Miller, A. Lopez Agüera, J. Oehlschlaeger, K. Arisaka, H. Gemmeke, E. Menichetti, Jeffrey Brack, Olaf Scholten, Christopher Morris, Fred Sarazin, Lukas Nellen, R. López, V. Verzi, Peter Hansen, T. Yamamoto, Piotr Homola, E. Armengaud, Humberto Ibarguen Salazar, J. R. T. de Mello Neto, R. M. de Almeida, Ivor Fleck, J. Gutiérrez, Jaime Alvarez-Muñiz, I. Rodriguez-Cabo, Peter Buchholz, R. Gómez Herrero, P. Petrinca, D. Maurizio, P. T. Nhung, M. I. Micheletti, F. Schmidt, Tanguy Pierog, P. Blasi, D. Thomas, C. Berat, B. Morales, Matias Tueros, M. Videla, C. Wileman, Gaetano Salina, C. Riviere, G. Cataldi, Rossella Caruso, H. Glass, D. Garcia Gaimez, A. Tonachini, C. Aramo, F. Arneodo, Zbigniew Szadkowski, G. Hebrero, Darko Veberič, M. Settimo, A. Gorgi, A. Filevich, Marco Aglietta, H. Bluemer, H. M. Spinka, J. S. Díaz, Petr Travnicek, N. Smetniansky De Grande, D. Allard, J. Pochon, X. Garrido, J. Chauvin, Antonio Insolia, Juan Carlos D'Olivo, Esteban Roulet, C. De Donato, A. Zech, W. Fulgione, Rodrigo Pelayo, Petr Schovanek, L. del Peral, D. Lebrun, Osvaldo Catalano, A. Italiano, Miroslav Palatka, O. Wainberg, M. Prouza, J. Rodriguez Rojo, Bianca Keilhauer, S. Ferry, T. Suomijarvi, F. Schuessler, A. Smialkowski, Carla Bonifazi, Jose A. Bellido, I. Dutan, Matthias Kleifges, C. Di Giulio, Enrique Zas, Carlos Hojvat, Ernesto Kemp, D. Barnhill, Piera Luisa Ghia, M. Larlori, Miroslav Pech, J. Allen, I. M. Pepe, Maria-Teresa Dova, M. Patel, Balázs Kégl, T. Hauschildt, G. Navarra, Pham Ngoc Diep, N. G. Busca, T. Baecker, Markus Roth, Jaime Rosado, S. Navas, A. C. Roverok, M. Monasor, Jan Ridky, Germano Guedes, L. Perrone, J. Takahashi, R. Luna García, Alberto Etchegoyen, P. Gouffon, Olivier Deligny, Hernán Asorey, F. Salamida, H. Wu, Fausto Guarino, R. Cester, M. S. Gold, J. Rautenberg, O. Pisanti, T. Ohnuki, C. Robledo, Heino Falcke, A. Segreto, Fernando Contreras, M. S. Sutherland, D. Garcia-Pinto, Brian Fick, Danilo Zavrtanik, N. Pacheco, Paul Sommers, W. J. M. de Mello, F. Ionita, Luis N. Epele, A. Filipcic, T. Venters, Matthias Leuthold, S. J. de Jong Bg, Paulo J. S. Gonçalves, Francesc Ferrer, Sofia Andringa, Radomir Smida, D. Dornic, P. N. Dong, J. F. Valdés Galicia, C. Macolino, A. Cordier, Antonio Velarde, Miguel Mostafá, A. K. Tripathi, G. Wieczorek, Ricardo Piegaia, Gregory R Snow, S. Vorobiov, C. Delle Fratte, D. Melo, D. Nosek, A. Meli, Daniel Omar Badagnani, S. Parlati, I. Torres, J. Martinez, T. Schmidt, J. D. Hague, M. Hussain, Sergio Petrera, L. Valore, S. Dagoret-Campagne, C. E. Santo, S. Coutu, A. M. van den Berg, Norberto Fazzini, A. Chou, R. Meyhandan, Marcio Aparecido Muller, H. R. Marquez Falcon, D. Semikoz, S. Reucroft, R. Knapik, G. La Rosa, P. Abreu, Jan Pękala, Hans Klages, John K. Lee, Carola Dobrigkeit, M. Scuderi, J. Rodríguez Martino, A. Anzalone, Gustavo Medina-Tanco, O. Tascau, Karen S. Caballero-Mora, V. de Souza, E. Colombo, L. R. Wiencke, J. G. Gonzalezc, C. Meurer, Ralf Ulrich, V. H. Koanga, S. Ostapchenko, Valerio Pirronello, B. Wundheiler, D. Mandatat, G. Parente, B. E. Smith, J. Hoerandel, Thomas Hebbeker, M. Horvat, Glennys R. Farrar, M. Gonzalez, Paul M. Mantsch, V. M. Olmos-Gilbaja, O. Kroemer, Vasiliki Pavlidou, Luis A. Anchordoqui, Subir Sarkar, J. Chye, G. Miele, B. Wilczynska, Jose Chinellato, R. Sato, Anderson Fauth, R. M. Kieckhafer, L. Villaseñor, Juan Moreno, Alexander Kusenko, A. F. Barbosa, J. Knapp, B. 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Newton, Javier Tiffenberg, N. T. Thao, D. Warner, V. Van Elewyck, G. Rodriguez, Ioana Codrina Maris, H. Dembinski, F. A. S. Rezende, Alejandro Luis Veiga, M. A. Leigui de Oliveira, R. Tcaciuc, Ricardo Vázquez, R. Squartini, John L. Harton, B. R. Becker, Federico Suarez, F. Montanet, J. C. dos Anjos, J. Abraham, T. Paul, E. Strazzeri, T. Asch, Michael DuVernois, Ralph Engel, M. Unger, Miroslav Hrabovsky, L. Voyvodic, Henryk Wilczyński, Tristan Beau, A. Stutz, J. Matthews, M. Ave, B. Connolly, D. Monnier Ragaigne, Ph. Lebrun, Heiko Geenen, C. J.W.P. Timmermans, Daniel Gonzalez, Guenter Sigl, M. Pimenta, Pierre Sokolsky, C. Bleve, C. Lachaud, S. Riggi, C. J. Todero Peixoto, G. De La Vega, S. Harmsma, Vincenzo Rizi, B. Rouillé-D’Orfeuil, C. Morello, K. Payet, M. Ziolkowski, S. L. C. Barroso, R. Bonino, O. Martínez Bravo, V. Grassi, Fabrizio Ortolani, Peter L. Biermann, J. J. Lozano Bahilo, Paolo Privitera, Y. Guardincerri, D. Pakk Selmi-Dei, M. C. Maccarone, T. Pinto, Libor Nozka, K. H. Becker, A. G. Mariazzi, A. D. Supanitsky, J. J. Beatty, Norbert Kunka, A. Dorofeev, D. Nitz, Silvia Mollerach, J. Coppens, G. Matthiae, M. Ambrosio, Markus Risse, U. Cotti, B. Revenu, Julien Aublin, D. Martello, F. Sánchez, Iván Sidelnik, I. Lhenry-Yvon, H. Wahlberg, Marcos Santander, B. Tome, Peter Mazur, G. Tristram, B. L. Lago, C. Aguirre, A. Pichel, Bei Cai, W. Tkaczyk, Diego Harari, E. M. Santos, Bruce R. Dawson, Tim Huege, J. L. Navarro, A. Chiavassa, M. Kaducak, M. C. Medina, O. Blanch-Bigas, F. Arqueros, P. Necesal, APC - Astrophysique des Hautes Energies (APC - AHE), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), APC - Cosmologie, Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), APC - THEORIE, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut für theoretische Physik, Universität Hamburg (UHH)-Universität Hamburg (UHH), PIERRE AUGER, J., Abraham, P., Abreu, M., Aglietta, C., Aguirre, D., Allard, I., Allekotte, J., Allen, P., Allison, J., Alvarez Muniz, M., Ambrosio, L., Anchordoqui, S., Andringa, A., Anzalone, C., Aramo, S., Argiro', K., Arisaka, E., Armengaud, F., Arneodo, F., Arquero, T., Asch, H., Asorey, P., Assi, B. S., Atulugama, J., Aublin, M., Ave, G., Avila, T., Backer, D., Badagnani, A. F., Barbosa, D., Barnhill, S. L. C., Barroso, P., Bauleo, J. J., Beatty, T., Beau, B. R., Becker, K. H., Becker, J. A., Bellido, S., Benzvi, C., Berat, T., Bergmann, Bernardini, Paolo, X., Bertou, P. L., Biermann, P., Billoir, O., Blanch Biga, F., Blanco, P., Blasi, C., Bleve, H., Blumer, M., Bohacova, C., Bonifazi, R., Bonino, M., Boratav, J., Brack, P., Brogueira, W. C., Brown, P., Buchholz, A., Bueno, R. E., Burton, N. G., Busca, K. S., Caballero Mora, B., Cai, D. V., Camin, L., Caramete, R., Caruso, W., Carvalho, A., Castellina, O., Catalano, G., Cataldi, L., Cazon, R., Cester, J., Chauvin, A., Chiavassa, J. A., Chinellato, A., Chou, J., Chye, P. D. J., Clark, R. W., Clay, E., Colombo, R., Conceicao, B., Connolly, F., Contrera, J., Coppen, A., Cordier, U., Cotti, S., Coutu, C. E., Covault, A., Creusot, A., Cri, J., Cronin, A., Curutiu, S., Dagoret Campagne, K., Daumiller, B. R., Dawson, R. M., de Almeida, C., De Donato, S. J., de Jong, G., De La Vega, W. J. M., de Mello Junior, J. R. T., de Mello Neto, DE MITRI, Ivan, V., de Souza, L., del Peral, O., Deligny, A., Della Selva, C., Delle Fratte, H., Dembinski, C., Di Giulio, J. C., Diaz, C., Dobrigkeit, J. C., D’Olivo, D., Dornic, A., Dorofeev, J. C., dos Anjo, M. T., Dova, D., D’Urso, I., Dutan, M. A., Duvernoi, R., Engel, L., Epele, M., Erdmann, C. O., Escobar, A., Etchegoyen, P., Facal San Lui, H., Falcke, G., Farrar, A. C., Fauth, N., Fazzini, F., Ferrer, S., Ferry, B., Fick, A., Filevich, A., Filipcic, I., Fleck, R., Fonte, C. E., Fracchiolla, W., Fulgione, B., Garcia, D., Garcia Gamez, D., Garcia Pinto, X., Garrido, H., Geenen, G., Gelmini, H., Gemmeke, P. L., Ghia, M., Giller, H., Gla, M. S., Gold, G., Golup, F., Gomez Albarracin, M., Gomez Berisso, R., Gomez Herrero, P., Goncalve, M., Goncalves do Amaral, D., Gonzalez, J. G., Gonzalez, M., Gonzalez, D., Gora, A., Gorgi, P., Gouffon, V., Grassi, A. F., Grillo, C., Grunfeld, Y., Guardincerri, F., Guarino, G. P., Guede, J., Gutierrez, J. D., Hague, J. C., Hamilton, P., Hansen, D., Harari, S., Harmsma, J. L., Harton, A., Haung, T., Hauschildt, M. D., Healy, T., Hebbeker, G., Hebrero, D., Heck, C., Hojvat, V. C., Holme, P., Homola, J., Horandel, A., Horneffer, M., Horvat, M., Hrabovsky, T., Huege, M., Hussain, M., Iarlori, A., Insolia, F., Ionita, A., Italiano, M., Kaducak, K. H., Kampert, T., Karova, B., Kegl, B., Keilhauer, E., Kemp, R. M., Kieckhafer, H. O., Klage, M., Kleifge, J., Kleinfeller, R., Knapik, J., Knapp, D. H., Koang, A., Krieger, O., Kromer, D., Kuempel, N., Kunka, A., Kusenko, G., La Rosa, C., Lachaud, B. L., Lago, D., Lebrun, P., Lebrun, J., Lee, M. A., Leigui de Oliveira, A., Letessier Selvon, M., Leuthold, I., Lhenry Yvon, R., Lopez, A., Lopez Aguera, J., Lozano Bahilo, R., Luna Garcia, M. C., Maccarone, C., Macolino, S., Maldera, Mancarella, Giovanni, M. E., Mancenido, D., Mandat, P., Mantsch, A. G., Mariazzi, I. C., Mari, H. R., Marquez Falcon, Martello, Daniele, J., Martinez, O., Martinez Bravo, H. J., Mathe, J., Matthew, J. A. J., Matthew, G., Matthiae, D., Maurizio, P. O., Mazur, T., Mccauley, M., Mcewen, R. R., Mcneil, M. C., Medina, G., Medina Tanco, A., Meli, D., Melo, E., Menichetti, A., Menschikov, Meurer, C. h. r., R., Meyhandan, M. I., Micheletti, G., Miele, W., Miller, S., Mollerach, M., Monasor, D., Monnier Ragaigne, F., Montanet, B., Morale, C., Morello, J. C., Moreno, C., Morri, M., Mostafa, M. A., Muller, R., Mussa, G., Navarra, J. L., Navarro, S., Nava, P., Necesal, L., Nellen, C., Newman Holme, D., Newton, N. T., Thao, N., Nierstenhoefer, D., Nitz, D., Nosek, L., Nozka, J., Oehlschlager, T., Ohnuki, A., Olinto, V. M., Olmos Gilbaja, M., Ortiz, F., Ortolani, S., Ostapchenko, L., Otero, N., Pacheco, D., Pakk Selmi Dei, M., Palatka, J., Pallotta, G., Parente, E., Parizot, S., Parlati, S., Pastor, M., Patel, T., Paul, V., Pavlidou, K., Payet, M., Pech, J., Pekala, R., Pelayo, I. M., Pepe, Perrone, Lorenzo, S., Petrera, P., Petrinca, Y., Petrov, P. N., Diep, P. N., Dong, P. T., Nhung, A., Pichel, R., Piegaia, T., Pierog, M., Pimenta, T., Pinto, V., Pirronello, O., Pisanti, M., Platino, J., Pochon, P., Privitera, M., Prouza, E. J., Quel, J., Rautenberg, A., Redondo, S., Reucroft, B., Revenu, F. A. S., Rezende, J., Ridky, S., Riggi, M., Risse, C., Riviere, V., Rizi, M., Robert, C., Robledo, G., Rodriguez, M. D., Rodriguez Fria, J., Rodriguezmartino, J., Rodriguez Rojo, I., Rodriguez Cabo, G., Ro, J., Rosado, M., Roth, C., Roucelle, B., Rouille' d’Orfeuil, E., Roulet, A. C., Rovero, F., Salamida, H., Salazar, G., Salina, F., Sanchez, M., Santander, C. E., Santo, E. M., Santo, F., Sarazin, S., Sarkar, R., Sato, V., Scherini, H., Schieler, A., Schmidt, F., Schmidt, T., Schmidt, O., Scholten, P., Schovanek, F., Schussler, S. J., Sciutto, M., Scuderi, A., Segreto, D., Semikoz, M., Settimo, R. C., Shellard, I., Sidelnik, B. B., Siffert, G., Sigl, N., Smetniansky De Grande, A., Smialkowski, R., Smida, A. G. K., Smith, B. E., Smith, G. R., Snow, P., Sokolsky, P., Sommer, J., Sorokin, H., Spinka, R., Squartini, E., Strazzeri, A., Stutz, F., Suarez, T., Suomijarvi, A. D., Supanitsky, M. S., Sutherland, J., Swainc, Z., Szadkowski, J., Takahashi, A., Tamashiro, A., Tamburro, O., Tascau, R., Tcaciuc, D., Thoma, R., Ticon, J., Tiffenberg, C., Timmerman, W., Tkaczyk, C. J., Todero Peixoto, B., Tome', A., Tonachini, I., Torre, D., Torresi, P., Travnicek, A., Tripathi, G., Tristram, D., Tscherniakhovski, M., Tuero, V., Tunnicliffe, R., Ulrich, M., Unger, M., Urbana, J. F., Valdes Galicia, I., Valino, L., Valore, A. M., van den Berg, V., van Elewyck, R. A., Vazquez, D., Veberic, A., Veiga, A., Velarde, T., Ventersc, V., Verzi, M., Videl, L., Villasenor, S., Vorobiov, L., Voyvodic, H., Wahlber, O., Wainber, P., Walker, D., Warner, A. A., Watson, S., Westerhoff, G., Wieczorek, L., Wiencke, B., Wilczynska, H., Wilczynski, C., Wileman, M. G., Winnick, H., Wua, B., Wundheiler, T., Yamamoto, P., Younk, E., Zasb, D., Zavrtanik, M., Zavrtanik, A., Zech, A., Zepeda, M., Ziolkowski, Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Dipartimento di Astronomia, Universita degli Studi di Bologna, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO)-Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut für theoretische Physik, KVI - Center for Advanced Radiation Technology, Research unit Astroparticle Physics, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Dipartimento di Astronomia, Universita degli Studi di Bologna, Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO)-Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France (PCC), Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut für theoretische Physik, Guarino, Fausto, D'Urso, Domenico, Aramo, Carla, DELLA SELVA, Angelo, Miele, Gennaro, Pisanti, Ofelia, Valore, Laura, and Auger, Collaboration

Subjects
[SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Astronomy, Osservatorio Pierre Auger, Astrophysics, GALAXY CLUSTER SURVEY, auger, 01 natural sciences, High energy cosmic ray, Raggi cosmici, Astrophysical jet, GMF, Observatory, Ultra-high-energy cosmic ray, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Physics, BL-LACERTAE, Greisen–Zatsepin–Kuz’min effect, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], ORIGIN, UHECR, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Pierre Auger Observatory, GZK, Radiación cósmica, Anisotropía, CATALOG, observatory, ddc:540, EGMF, CUTOFF, ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING, RELATIVISTIC JETS, Active galactic nucleus, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Cosmic background radiation, FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, ACCELERATION, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], 0103 physical sciences, extra-galactic, PARTICLES, AGN, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Ciencias Exactas, ANISOTROPY, high energy cosmic rays, Sciami atmosferici, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Física, Astronomy and Astrophysics, CENTAURUS, Galaxy, Experimental High Energy Physics
Abstract

Data collected by the Pierre Auger Observatory provide evidence for anisotropy in the arrival directions of the cosmic rays with the ighest-energies, which are correlated with the positions of relatively nearby active galactic nuclei (AGN) [Pierre Auger Collaboration, Science 318 (2007) 938]. The correlation has maximum significance for cosmic rays with energy greater than ~6 x 1019 eV and AGN at a distance less than ~75 Mpc. We have confirmed the anisotropy at a confidence level of more than 99% through a test with parameters specified a priori, using an independent data set. The observed correlation is compatible with the hypothesis that cosmic rays with the highest-energies originate from extra-galactic sources close enough so that their flux is not significantly attenuated by interaction with the cosmic background radiation (the Greisen–Zatsepin–Kuz’min effect). The angular scale of the correlation observed is a few degrees, which suggests a predominantly light composition unless the magnetic fields are very weak outside the thin disk of our galaxy. Our present data do not identify AGN as the sources of cosmic rays unambiguously, and other candidate sources which are distributed as nearby AGN are not ruled out. We discuss the prospect of unequivocal identification of individual sources of the highest-energy cosmic rays within a few years of continued operation of the Pierre Auger Observatory., Facultad de Ciencias Exactas

Published
2008

28. Chamber with controlled atmosphere for fluorescence measurements in the project AIRFLY

Author

Dusan Mandat, L. Nožka, Miroslav Pech, Vaclav Vacek, Jan Řídký, Petr Schovanek, Miroslav Palatka, Miroslav Hrabovský, Michal Doubrava, and Martina Bohacova

Subjects
Atmosphere, Physics, Controlled atmosphere, Atmosphere of Earth, Optics, business.industry, Nuclear engineering, Technical university, Measure (physics), Cosmic ray, business, Cherenkov radiation
Abstract

The aim of the AIRFLY (air fluorescence yield) project is to simulate and to measure the process of the fluorescence and Cherenkov emission produced by impact of cosmic rays on molecules of nitrogen in high level atmosphere. Several setups were designed to measure fluorescent and Cherenkov light. We report the chamber with controlled atmosphere to simulate conditions in various levels of the Earth atmosphere. The chamber was designed in the Institute of Physics of Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic in cooperation with the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Czech Technical University and the Joint Laboratory of Optics of Palacky University and Institute of Physics of Academy of Sciences in Olomouc.

Published
2007

29. All Sky Camera for the CTA Atmospheric Calibration work package

Author

Petr Schovanek, Petr Travnicek, Miroslav Pech, Dusan Mandat, Miroslav Palatka, Miroslav Hrabovsky, Michele Doro, Markus Gaug, Michael Prouza, Jan Ebr, and Petr Janecek

Subjects
Physics, Work package, QC1-999, media_common.quotation_subject, Night sky, Astronomy, Cosmic ray, Cherenkov Telescope Array, Observatory, Sky, Operation time, media_common, Remote sensing
Abstract

The All Sky Camera (ASC) is a passive non-invasive imaging system for rapid night sky atmosphere monitoring. By design, the operation of the ASC will not affect the measurement procedure of the CTA observatory, for which we discuss its application in this report. The data collected should enable improved productivity and increased measurement time for the CTA observatory. The goal of ASC is to identify cloud position, atmosphere attenuation and time evolution of the sky condition, working within the CTA Central Calibration Facilities (CCF) group. Clouds and atmosphere monitoring may allow near-future prediction of the night-sky quality, helping scheduling. Also, in the case of partly cloudy night sky the cameras will identify the uncovered regions of the sky during the operation time, and define potential observable sources that can be measured. By doing so, a higher productivity of the CTA observatory measurements may be possible.

Published
2015

30. The bright optical flash from GRB 060117

Author

L. Nožka, Javier Gorosabel, Martin Nekola, Miroslav Palatka, A. J. Castro-Tirado, Antonio de Ugarte Postigo, Dusan Mandat, Shashi B. Pandey, Stanislav Vítek, Jan Řídký, Michael Prouza, Miroslav Pech, Radomir Smida, Martin Jelínek, Miroslav Hrabovský, Jiří Grygar, Petr Travnicek, Petr Kubánek, Martina Bohacova, Dalibor Nosek, Petr Schovanek, and René Hudec

Subjects
Physics, Pierre Auger Observatory, Brightness, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Flash (photography), Robotic telescope, Space and Planetary Science, Transient (oscillation), Optical emission spectroscopy, Gamma-ray burst
Abstract

We present a discovery and observation of an extraordinarily bright prompt optical emission of the GRB 060117 obtained by a wide-field camera atop the robotic telescope FRAM of the Pierre Auger Observatory from 2 to 10 minutes after the GRB. We found rapid average temporal flux decay of alpha = -1.7 +- 0.1 and a peak brightness R = 10.1 mag. Later observations by other instruments set a strong limit on the optical and radio transient fluxes, unveiling an unexpectedly rapid further decay. We present an interpretation featuring a relatively steep electron-distribution parameter p ~ 3.0 and providing a straightforward solution for the overall fast decay of this optical transient as a transition between reverse and forward shock., Comment: Accepted to A&A, 4 pages, corected few typos pointed out by X.F. Wu

Published
2006
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31. The prototype of ultralight mirror system

Author

Libor Nozka, J. Ridky, Miroslav Hrabovsky, Petr Schovanek, Dusan Mandat, Miroslav Pech, and Miroslav Palatka

Subjects
Atmosphere, Optics, Lidar, business.industry, Computer science, business, Realization (systems), Mirror neuron, Remote sensing
Abstract

We have used our experience in the production of ultralight glass mirrors for the realization of a segmented LIDAR mirror. For non-imaging type of LIDAR, which is meant for monitoring of optical properties of the atmosphere, we designed tessellated mirror from nine segments. The diameter of the whole mirrors system is 1000 mm.

Published
2005

32. Light collection optics for a measurement of the air fluorescence yield

Author

Miroslav Palatka, Miroslav Hrabovský, Jan Ridky, Libor Nozka, Martin Vlcek, Petr Schovanek, and Martina Bohacova

Subjects
Optics, Photon, business.industry, Chemistry, Excited state, Yield (chemistry), Optoelectronics, Quantum yield, business, Luminescence, Fluorescence, Signal, Charged particle
Abstract

Air fluorescence yield is defined as the number of photons, produced by a charged particle, per meter of travel in the air. The excited molecules emit light in the near UV and in the visible region between 300 nm and 400 nm. We describe the simple light collection system for analysis of the faint signal.

Published
2005

33. Properties and performance of the prototype instrument for the Pierre Auger Observatory

Author

J. Gitto, B. Wilczynska, Miguel Mostafá, S. Nigro, D. Allard, Zbigniew Szadkowski, P. Gouffon, W. E. Slater, Rodrigo Pelayo, T. Dang-Quang, A. Cordero, Danilo Zavrtanik, Matthias Kleifges, H. Spinka, M. Trombley, G. Maurin, A. Carreño, Germano Guedes, F. Cohen, G. Martin, Olivier Deligny, Paul Sommers, Gennaro Miele, Tanguy Pierog, C. Aramo, M. Videla, K. Gibbs, R. Baggio, R. Andrews, R. Meyhandan, D. Nicotra, R. Mussa, N. Playez, Karl-Heinz Kampert, Antonio Insolia, Q. Zhu, M. Lucano, G. Rodriguez, Luigi Rosa, Nicolo Cartiglia, A. C. Rovero, Maria Giller, J. Abraham, C. J. Todero Peixoto, Vincenzo Rizi, Antonella Castellina, S. Ranchon, Martina Bohacova, T. Yamamoto, Bárbara María Civit, Nadia Pastrone, Carlos Escobar, P. V.M. Da Silva, M. Cuautle, J. J. Beatty, Norbert Kunka, D. Nitz, G. Matthiae, M. Ambrosio, L. Voyvodic, H. Gemmeke, Carlo Vigorito, M. Patel, Agueda Castagna de Vargas, Antoine Letessier-Selvon, M. A. L. de Oliveira, Jose Chinellato, G. Raia, P. Walker, C. Germain-Renaud, John Swain, Y. Ma, C. Guerard, D. Supanitsky, M. Prouza, G. Wieczorek, L. G. Dos Santos, A. Cordier, K. Arisaka, D. Pham-Ngoc, P. Eschstruth, R. López, Bianca Keilhauer, E. Ponce, Corbin Covault, Alejandro Luis Veiga, Piotr Homola, Helio Nogima, J. C. Arteaga, E. Menichetti, I. Lhenry-Yvon, Alexander Grillo, Petr Schovanek, P. Pham-Trung, Enrique Zas, L. A. de Carvalho, D. Warner, R. Gumbsheimer, A. Fernandez, A. Chou, E. H. Pasaye, M. Richten, Jan Pękala, Hans Klages, A. Chiavassa, V. Verzi, Lorenzo Cazon, C. Morello, S. Coutu, S. Román, Miroslav Hrabovsky, C. H. Wiebusch, Arnulfo Zepeda, Norberto Fazzini, H. Bluemer, A. Lopez Agüera, K. Smith, Y. Jerónimo, A. Dye, Marta Anguiano, A. F. Barbosa, Dariusz Gora, C. Pryke, P. Bello, Alberto Filevich, G. Parente, Manuel Nuñez, Markus Roth, John Matthews, S. L. C. Barroso, F. Meyer, E. Bollmann, H. Glass, Marco Aglietta, T. A. Porter, Marcos Santander, Juan Carlos D'Olivo, P. Clark, F. V. Siguas, Peter Mazur, T. Vo-Van, J. Knapp, E. Cormier, Gaetano Salina, Ricardo Vázquez, Carola Dobrigkeit, A. Risi, M. Chiosso, S. Reucroft, P. Tuckey, E. Moreno, D. Barnhill, Miroslav Palatka, N. Smetniansky-De Grande, A. V. Dorofeev, Fausto Guarino, Piera Luisa Ghia, M. Vlcek, Paul M. Mantsch, Anderson Fauth, W. Fulgione, Peter L. Biermann, X. Bai, P.F. Manfredi, Alan Watson, E. Berman, Etienne Parizot, T. Bergmann, J. C. Meza, Luis N. Epele, N. Martínez, G. J. Thornton, Hermann-Josef Mathes, D. Hoffer, A. Della Selva, C. Grunfeld, Paolo Privitera, Darko Veberič, Rossella Caruso, Mohammed A Mohammed, J.M. Brunet, D.V. Camin, Carlos Hojvat, J. Alvarez Muñiz, P. Matussek, Ralph Engel, H. Nassini, L. Perrone, Jonny Kleinfeller, M. Mcewen, J.N. Capdevielle, J. Chye, Ernesto Kemp, I. C. Aguirre, Warner A. Miller, S. Ostaptchenko, J. F. Valdés, Daw Don Cheam, Tristan Beau, A. Menshikov, A. Tamashiro, J. W. Cronin, C. Medina, A. de Capoa, Jan Ridky, D. Monnier-Ragaigne, G. Tristram, M. Melocchi, C. Uribe Estrada, L. Villaseñor, P. Facal San Luis, Heiko Geenen, Markus Risse, U. Cotti, N. Chávez, Sergio Sciutto, R. R. McNeil, M. G. Do Amaral, M. Gómez Berisso, R. C. Shellard, Carla Bonifazi, Jose A. Bellido, Isabel Pedraza, D. Melo, Federico Suarez, Ofelia Pisanti, D. Nosek, Sergio Petrera, F. Sánchez, A. Pérez-Lorenzana, Kai Daumiller, L. Jiang, A. Ferrero, M. Zavrtanik, Daniel R Claes, H. Bui-Duc, D. Ravignani, Chao Zhang, Lukas Nellen, Beatriz García, P. Petrinca, J. Rodriquez, Sabrina Casanova, C. Song, Roger W Clay, V. de Souza, T. Thouw, Stefano Argiro, Luis A. Anchordoqui, L. Prado Junior, E. Gámez, R. Cester, P.W. Cattaneo, P. S. Allison, S. Atulugama, Catherine Newman-Holmes, Maria-Teresa Dova, T. Waldenmaier, T. Suomijärvi, K. H. Becker, A. G. Mariazzi, M. Kutschera, A. Filipčivč, J. Cotzomi, P.F. Gómez Vitale, J. Darling, Jeffrey Brack, Humberto Ibarguen Salazar, Dieter Heck, Martin Urban, M. D. Roberts, Antonio Velarde, V. Scherini, R. Fonte, M. Horvat, G. Navarra, Pierre Darriulat, F. Nerling, Jose M Hernandez, Brian Fick, M. J. Markus, R. Sato, C. Vargas, J. C. dos Anjos, M. Ave, E. Casimiro, M. Boratav, Gualberto Avila, P. Bauleo, Ingomar Allekotte, Michael DuVernois, Angela V. Olinto, Gustavo Medina-Tanco, G. Sequeiros-Haddad, V. Tunnicliffe, L. Manhaes, S. Jaminion, J. S. Díaz, J. Lloyd-Evans, B. Revenue, E. Marques, C. Robledo, José Eduardo Martinez, E. Shibuya, J. A.J. Matthews, Xavier Bertou, N. R. Wild, Alberto Etchegoyen, T. Ohnuki, J. S. Gonzalez, J. Grygar, Iuri Muniz Pepe, A. Cillis, Francois Vernotte, D. Tscherniakhovski, L. De Bruijn, S. Dagoret-Campagne, J. B. Rafert, Gregory R Snow, P. Billoir, Henrique M. J. Barbosa, John L. Harton, N. Peshman, T. Paul, M. C. Medina, Valerio Re, O. Martineau, D. Maurizio, R. Ticona, A. Goodwin, R. Biral, Carmen García, W. Tkaczyk, F. Hasenbalg, Antonella Boselli, M. Lapolla, V. Cabrera, M. Kaducak, Michael Albrow, Lodovico Ratti, Bruce R. Dawson, J. Rodriquez Martino, A. K. Tripathi, Rafael E. Luna, J. M. G. Castro, C. Lachaud, Thomas McCauley, M. E. Mancenido, H. C. Reis, A. Creusot, O. Martinez, Andreas Kopmann, V. Grassi, Henryk Wilczyński, M., Ambrosio, Aramo, Carla, DELLA SELVA, Angelo, Guarino, Fausto, Miele, Gennaro, Pisanti, Ofelia, The Pierre Auger, C. o. l. l. a. b. o. r. a. t. i. o. n., J., Abraham, M., Aglietta, I. C., Aguirre, M., Albrow, D., Allard, I., Allekotte, P., Allison, J., Alvarez Muniz, M. G., do Amaral, L., Anchordoqui, R., Andrew, M., Anguiano, J. C., dos Anjo, C., Aramo, S., Argiro, K., Arisaka, J. C., Arteaga, S., Atulugama, M., Ave, G., Avila, R., Baggio, X., Baib, A. F., Barbosa, H. M. J., Barbosa, D., Barnhill, S. L. C., Barroso, P., Bauleo, J., Beatty, T., Beau, K. H., Becker, J. A., Bellido, P., Bello, T., Bergmann, E., Berman, X., Bertou, P., Biermann, P., Billoir, R., Biral, H., Bluemer, M., Bohacova, E., Bollmann, C., Bonifazi, M., Borat, A., Boselli, J., Brack, J. M., Brunet, H., Bui Duc, V., Cabrera, D. V., Camin, J. N., Capdevielle, A., Carreno, N., Cartiglian, R., Caruso, L. A., de Carvalho, S., Casanovabk, E., Casimiro, A., Castellina, J., Castrol, P. W., Cattaneo, L., Cazon, R., Cester, N., Chavez, D., Cheam, A., Chiavassa, J. A., Chinellato, M., Chiosso, A., Chou, J., Chye, A., Cilli, B., Civit, D., Clae, P. D. J., Clark, R. W., Clay, F., Cohen, A., Cordero, A., Cordier, E., Cormier, J., Cotzom, U., Cotti, S., Coutu, C. E., Covaul, A., Creusot, J. W., Cronin, M., Cuautl, S., Dagoret Campagne, T., Dang Quang, P., Da Silva, J., Darling, P., Darriulat, K., Daumiller, B. R., Dawson, L., de Bruijn, A., De Capoa, M. A. L., de Oliveira, V., de Souza, A., Della Selva, O., Deligny, J. C., Diaz, C., Dobrigkeit, J. C., D’Olivo, A., Dorofe, M. T., Dova, A., Dyeam, M. A., Duvernoi, R., Engel, L. N., Epele, P., Eschstruth, C. O., Escobar, A., Etchegoyen, P., Facal San Lui, A. C., Fauth, N., Fazzini, A., Fernandez, A. M. J., Ferrero, B., Fick, A., Filevich, A., Filipcicat, R., Fonteaw, W., Fulgione, E., Gamez, B., Garcia, C. A., Garcia, H., Geenen, H., Gemmeke, C., Germain Renaud, P. L., Ghia, K., Gibb, M., Giller, J., Gitto, H., Gla, M., Gomez Berissof, P. F., Gomez Vitale, J., Gonzalez, D., Gora, A., Goodwin, P., Gouffon, V., Grassi, A. F. Grillo C., Grunfeld, J., Grygar, F., Guarino, G., Guede, C., Guerard, R., Gumbsheimer, J. L., Harton, F., Hasenbalg, D., Heck, J. M., Hernandez, D., Hoffer, C., Hojvat, P., Homola, M., Horvat, M., Hrabovsky, A., Insolia, S., Jaminion, Y., Jeronimo, L., Jiang, M., Kaduca, K. H., Kampert, B., Keilhauerx, E., Kemp, H., Klage, M., Kleifge, J., Kleinfeller, J., Knapp, A., Kopmann, N., Kunka, M., Kutschera, C., Lachaud, M., Lapolla, A., Letessier Selvon, I., Lhenry Yvon, J., Lloyd Evan, R., Lopez, A., Lopez Aguera, M., Lucano, R., Luna, Y., Mab, M. E., Mancenido, P. F., Manfredi, L., Manhae, P., Mantsch, A. G., Mariazzi, M. J., Marku, G., Martin, O., Martineau, J., Martinez, N., Martineza, O., Martınez, H. J., Mathe, J. A. J., Matthew, J., Matthewsa, G., Matthiae, E., Marque, P., Matussek, G., Maurin, D., Maurizio, P., Mazur, T., Mccaulely, M., Mcewen, R. R., Mcneil, C., Medina, M. C., Medina, G., Medina Tanco, D., Melo, M., Melocchi, E., Menichetti, A., Menshikova, F., Meyer, R., Meyhandan, J. C., Mez, G., Miele, W., Miller, M., Mohammed, D., Monnier Ragaigne, C., Morello, E., Moreno, M., Mostafa, R., Mussa, H., Nassin, G., Navarra, L., Nellena, F., Nerling, C., Newman Holme, D., Nicotra, S., Nigro, D., Nitz, H., Nogim, D., Nosek, M., Nunezl, T., Ohnuki, A., Olinto, S., Ostaptchenko, M., Palatka, G., Parente, E., Parizot, E. H., Pasaye, N., Pastrone, M., Patel, T., Paulk, I., Pedraza, J., Pekala, R., Pelay, I. M., Pepeb, A., P!erez Lorenza, Perrone, Lorenzo, N., Peshmana, S., Petrera, P., Petrinca, D., Pham Ngoc, P., Pham Trung, T., Pierog, O., Pisanti, N., Playez, E., Ponce, T. A., Porter, L., Prado Junior, P., Privitera, M., Prouza, C. L., Pryke, J. B., Raferta, G., Raia, S., Ranchon, L., Ratti, D., Ravignani, V., Re, H. C., Rei, S., Reucrof, B., Revenueu, M., Richter, J., Ridkya, A., Risi, M., Risse, V., Rizi, M. D., Robert, C., Robled, G., Rodriguez, J., Rodriquezaw, J., Rodriquez Martinoab, S., Rom!anl, L., Rosa, M., Roth, A. C., Rovero, H., Salaza, G., Salina, F., Sanchez, M., Santander, L. G., dos Santo, R., Sato, P., Schovaneka, V., Scherini, S. J., Sciutto, G., Sequeiros Haddada, R. C., Shellard, E., Shibuya, F. V., Sigua, W., Slater, N., Smetniansky De Grande, K., Smith, G. R., Snowal, P., Sommer, C., Song, H., Spink, F., Suarez, T., Suomijarvi, D., Supanitsky, J., Swaink, Z., Szadkowski, A., Tamashiro, G. J., Thornton, T., Thou, R., Ticon, W., Tkaczyk, C. J., Todero Peixoto, A., Tripathio, G., Tristram, M., Trombleya, D., Tscherniakhovski, P., Tuckey, V., Tunnicliffe, M., Urban, C., Uribe Estrada, J. F., Valde, A., Varga, C., Varga, R., Vazquez, D., Veberic, A., Veiga, A., Velard, F., Vernottebe, V., Verzi, M., Videla, C., Vigorito, L. M., Villasenorai, M., Vlceka, L., Voyvodi, T., Vo Vanap, T., Waldenmaier, P., Walker, D., Warner, A. A., Watson, Wiebusch, C. h., G., Wieczore, B., Wilczynska, H., Wilczynski, N. R., Wild, T., Yamamoto, E., Za, D., Zavrtanik, M., Zavrtanik, A., Zeped, C., Zhang, Q., Zhu, Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France (PCC), Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), PIERRE AUGER, and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Photomultiplier, Osservatorio Pierre Auger, Cosmic ray, Auger observatory, Astrophysics, Settore ING-INF/01 - Elettronica, 01 natural sciences, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Data acquisition, Observatory, 0103 physical sciences, Extensive air showers, 010306 general physics, Ultra high energy cosmic rays, Instrumentation, Cosmic rays, Pierre Auger Observatory, Physics, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Raggi Cosmici di altissima energia, Física, Stage (hydrology), Prototype instrument, Field conditions
Abstract

Construction of the first stage of the Pierre Auger Observatory has begun. The aim of the Observatory is to collect unprecedented information about cosmic rays above 10^18 eV. The first phase of the project, the construction and operation of a prototype system, known as the engineering array, has now been completed. It has allowed all of the sub-systems that will be used in the full instrument to be tested under field conditions. In this paper, the properties and performance of these sub-systems are described and their success illustrated with descriptions of some of the events recorded thus far., La lista completa de autores puede verse en el archivo asociado., Facultad de Ciencias Exactas

Published
2004

34. Optical filters designed for the fluorescence detector of the AUGER project with transmittance in the range of 300 nm to 420 nm

Author

Martina Bohacova, Miroslav Hrabovsky, J. Grygar, Ladislav Soukup, Miroslav Palatka, Jan Ridky, Jaromir Krepelka, Martin Vlcek, Lubomir Jastrabik, and Petr Schovanek

Subjects
Chemical species, Materials science, Optics, business.industry, Optical engineering, Transmittance, Optoelectronics, Dielectric, business, Optical filter, Luminescence, Fluorescence spectroscopy, Auger
Abstract

The fluorescence detector, a component of the AUGER project, is designed to observe fluorescent light generated in interactions of high energy cosmic rays with nitrogen atoms in the Earth's atmosphere. This article present several designs of optical filters transmitting in the range 300 nm- 420 nm, where the fluorescent light is emitted. Two approaches are proposed: a system of thin dielectric layers and a combination of suitable glass plate. Quality of different filters is determined according to the value of transmittance in the required wavelength range, the shape of the transmittance curve at the edge of the transmitting window, long-term stability as well as feasibility and cost of their mass production. Selected types of filters were prepared, their parameters measured and compared with predicted values.© (2001) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.

Published
2001

35. BRDF profile of Tyvek and its implementation in the Geant4 simulation toolkit

Author

Dusan Mandat, Miroslav Hrabovsky, Miroslav Palatka, Helena Hiklová, Miroslav Pech, Libor Nozka, and Petr Schovanek

Subjects
Physics, Light, Polymers, business.industry, Monte Carlo method, Unified Model, Scatterometer, Fresnel equations, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Refractometry, Optics, Models, Chemical, Tyvek, Materials Testing, Scattering, Radiation, Computer Simulation, Programming Languages, Profilometer, Specular reflection, Bidirectional reflectance distribution function, business, Software, Remote sensing
Abstract

Diffuse and specular characteristics of the Tyvek 1025-BL material are reported with respect to their implementation in the Geant4 Monte Carlo simulation toolkit. This toolkit incorporates the UNIFIED model. Coefficients defined by the UNIFIED model were calculated from the bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) profiles measured with a scatterometer for several angles of incidence. Results were amended with profile measurements made by a profilometer.

Published
2011

36. Thin glass mirrors for the Pierre Auger Project

Author

Miroslav Hrabovsky, Martin Vlcek, Petr Schovanek, and Miroslav Palatka

Subjects
Physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Reflecting telescope, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Optical detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Manufacturing quality, Quality measurement, Reflectivity, Radius of curvature (optics), Auger, Thin glass, Optics, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, business
Abstract

Joint Laboratory of Optics produce mirrors for fluorescence optical detector of the Pierre Auger Project placed in Argentina. We want resume our manufacturing quality measurements and compare first two made telescopes with the prototype one. We measure radius of curvature, spot size and reflectivity in ultra-violet region.

37. Operations of the Pierre Auger Observatory

Author

Alexey Yushkov, Giorgio Matthiae, Francesco Fenu, Carla Bonifazi, Jose A. Bellido, Fabio Convenga, Giovanni Marsella, Gaia Silli, Claudio Galelli, Alessio Gorgi, Jeffrey A. Johnsen, Sven Querchfeld, Jan Ebr, Orazio Zapparrata, Julian Kemp, Karen S. Caballero-Mora, Carla Taricco, Edivaldo Moura Santos, Ana L. Müller, Marc Weber, Matias Tueros, Luis A. Nunez, Carola Dobrigkeit, Gustavo Medina-Tanco, Lino Miramonti, Luca Deval, Miroslav Pech, Achille Nucita, Clara Keiko Oliveira Watanabe, Lukas Zehrer, Michael Schimp, Viviana Scherini, Olena Tkachenko, Giuseppe De Mauro, Julien Manshanden, Andres Travaini, Ladislav Chytka, Norberto Fazzini, Analisa Mariazzi, M. E. Bertaina, Martin Erdmann, Wilson M. Namasaka, Pavel Horvath, Mihai Niculescu-Oglinzanu, Jonny Kleinfeller, Gioacchino Alex Anastasi, Beatriz García, Alexander Menshikov, Jacco Vink, Alex Kääpä, Emanuele De Vito, Dave Nitz, Gonzalo Parente, Bjarni Pont, Denise Boncioli, Marvin Gottowik, Maximilian Reininghaus, Alena Bakalova, G. C. Hill, Jorge F. Soriano, Ralph Engel, Roger W Clay, Flavia Gesualdi, Felix Riehn, Danilo Zavrtanik, Luis A. Anchordoqui, Italo Epicoco, Petr Travnicek, Rogerio M. de Almeida, Allan Machado Payeras, Andrej Filipcic, Jon Paul Lundquist, Washington Rodrigues de Carvalho, Srijan Sehgal, Eric Mayotte, Carmina Pérez Bertolli, Christoph Schäfer, Bianca Keilhauer, Marcus Niechciol, Fernando Gollan, Sofia Andringa, Henryk Wilczyński, Trent D. Grubb, Luis Lopes, Quentin Luce, Octavian Sima, Maria Isabel Micheletti, Juan Manuel Figueira, Fred Sarazin, Frank G. Schröder, Roberta Colalillo, Andreas Weindl, Dusan Mandat, Michael Unger, Dariusz Gora, Dalibor Nosek, R. C. Shellard, Sergio Petrera, Zbigniew Szadkowski, Stijn Buitink, Denis Stanca, Juan Manuel González, Jan Ridky, Jose F. Valdés Galicia, Alejandra Parra, Lukas Nellen, Mario Buscemi, P. Gabriel Brichetto Orchera, Max Büsken, Jorge Rubén Rodriguez Rojo, Karl-Heinz Kampert, Antonella Castellina, Andreas Haungs, Martin Vacula, Matthias Kleifges, Heino Falcke, Jannis Pawlowsky, Jan Pękala, Hans Klages, Alan Coleman, Mauricio Suárez-Durán, Antonio Insolia, Nataliia Borodai, Abha Khakurdikar, P. Abreu, Simone Rossoni, Florian Lukas Briechle, Diego Ravignani, Niklas Langner, Thomas Hebbeker, Sergio Dasso, Tristan Sudholz, Dieter Heck, Marcio Aparecido Muller, Luis Miguel Domingues Mendes, Gaetano Salina, Violet M. Harvey, Philipp Papenbreer, Ana Martina Botti, Peter Mazur, Jaime de Oliveira, Alejandro Almela, G. Cataldi, Alexander Streich, Alan Watson, S. J. Saffi, Juan Pallotta, Zoé Torrès, Diego Melo, Francisco Pedreira, Thomas Bretz, Mart Pothast, Radomir Smida, Germano Guedes, Olivier Deligny, Rodrigo Pelayo, Eva Santos, James Matthews, Philip Ruehl, Felicia Barbato, Joaquín de Jesús, Tomáš Fodran, Petr Janecek, Corbin Covault, João de Mello Neto, Matías Rolf Hampel, Geraldina Golup, Alina Mihaela Badescu, Cristina Galea, Rebeca López, Adrian Rovero, Xavier Bertou, Mariano Gómez Berisso, Alexandra Saftoiu, Ivan De Mitri, Pedro Assis, Diego Correia dos Santos, Marcel Köpke, Jarryd A. Day, Martín Miguel Freire, Francesco Salamida, Carlos J. Todero Peixoto, C. Morello, Hernán Gonzalo Asorey, David Wittkowski, Mariano del Río, Alexandru Balaceanu, Hernan Wahlberg, A. Daniel Supanitsky, Miroslav Hrabovsky, Federico Andrés Sánchez, Jiri Blazek, Hermann-Josef Mathes, Laura Valore, Markus Roth, Jaime Alvarez-Muñiz, Alexandru Gherghel-Lascu, Tiina Suomijarvi, Lawrence Wiencke, Paul Sommers, Felix Schlüter, Miroslav Palatka, Fabian Gobbi, Carla Aramo, Vincenzo Rizi, Julien Souchard, Daniele Martello, Fausto Guarino, Alina Nasr-Esfahani, Ugo Giaccari, Lu Lu, Nikolaos Karastathis, Silvia Mollerach, Sullivan Marafico, Josina Schulte, Jeffrey Brack, Olaf Scholten, Humberto Ibarguen Salazar, Harald Schieler, Domenico Lo Presti, Ricardo Jorge Barreira Luz, Antonio Condorelli, Jakub Vicha, Lukáš Vaclavek, Ruben Squartini, Marco Stein Muzio, Jesús Peña-Rodríguez, Nicolas Martin Gonzalez, Paolo Privitera, Edyvania Emily Pereira Martins, Peter L. Biermann, Sergio Sciutto, Tanguy Pierog, Armando di Matteo, Peter Buchholz, Fabrizia Canfora, Isabelle Lhenry-Yvon, Carlos Hojvat, Maria Rita Coluccia, Martin Schimassek, Bradley C. Manning, Terasa Bister, Toshihiro Fujii, Glennys R. Farrar, Bruno L. Lago, Rafael Alves Batista, Sonja Schröder, Massimo Mastrodicasa, Juan Miguel Carceller, Jose Chinellato, Ricardo Sato, Bernardo Tomé, Brian Fick, Samo Stanič, Ralf Ulrich, Marco Aglietta, Guenter Sigl, Indira D. Vergara Quispe, Markus Risse, Jakub Juryšek, Serguei Vorobiov, Marko Zavrtanik, Julian Rautenberg, Juan Carlos Arteaga Velazquez, Stanislav Michal, Rúben Conceição, Ioana Caracas, Varada Varma Kizakke Covilakam, Petr Hamal, Anderson Fauth, Oscar Martínez Bravo, Luan Bonneau Arbeletche, Steffen Hahn, Juan Carlos D'Olivo, Justin M. Albury, Alex Tapia, Kai Daumiller, Roberto Mussa, Fridtjof Feldbusch, Lorenzo Caccianiga, Lorenzo Cazon, Enrique Zas, Mário Pimenta, Manuel Platino, Antoine Letessier-Selvon, Danelise de Oliveira Franco, Brian Wundheiler, Sijbrand J. de Jong, Thomas Fitoussi, David Schmidt, Piera Luisa Ghia, Fernando Contreras, Darko Veberic, Carla Bleve, Rodrigo Guedes Lang, Belén Andrada, Valerio Pirronello, Adrianna Luz García Vegas, Marcos Cerda, Giovanni Consolati, Alberto Segreto, François Montanet, Pierpaolo Savina, Francesco de Palma, Marcelo Augusto Leigui de Oliveira, Norbert Kunka, Miguel Mostafa, Jose Sanabria Gomez, Michael Prouza, Jonas Glombitza, Eleonora Guido, Vladimír Novotný, Petr Schovanek, Valerio Verzi, Matías J. Roncoroni, Lorenzo Perrone, Libor Nozka, Virginia Binet, Christian Sarmiento-Cano, Patrick Stassi, Isabel Goos, Alberto Etchegoyen, Enrique Varela, Charles Timmermans, Andrew Puyleart, Alan Fuster, Vladimir Lenok, Jiri Chudoba, Hartmut Gemmeke, Maximilian Stadelmaier, Katharine Mulrey, Carlos Escobar, Kevin-Druis Merenda, Marcus Wirtz, Kathrin Bismark, Rita dos Anjos, Martina Bohacova, Ioana Codrina Maris, Giovanni Mancarella, John Farmer, Juan Pablo Gongora, Jaroslaw Stasielak, Maria-Teresa Dova, Raul Sarmento, Karl-Heinz Becker, Diego dos Santos, Paul Mantsch, Rossella Caruso, Fernando Catalani, Adriana Vásquez-Ramírez, Caterina Trimarelli, Johnnier Perez Armand, Primo F. Gómez Vitale, Antonio Bueno, Petr Tobiska, Gualberto Avila, Ingomar Allekotte, Sara Martinelli, Agustín Cobos Cerutti, Paulo Ricardo Araújo Ferreira, Matías Perlin, Diego Harari, Vitor de Souza, Cynthia Ventura, Bruce R. Dawson, Tim Huege, Patricia María Hansen, Marco Giammarchi, Jörg R. Hörandel, Paula Gina Isar, Marina Scornavacche, Jonathan Biteau, Esteban Roulet, and Corinne Berat

Subjects
Pierre Auger Observatory, Upgrade, Observatory, Astronomy, Detector, Experimental High Energy Physics, Basic level, Cosmic ray, High Energy Physics, Geology, Remote sensing
Abstract

The construction of the first stage of the Pierre Auger Observatory, designed for research of ultra-high energy cosmic rays, began in 2001 with a prototype system. The Observatory has been collecting data since early 2004 and was completed in 2008. The Observatory is situated at 1400 m above sea level near Malargue, (Mendoza province) in western Argentina, covering a vast plain of 3000 squared km, known as the Pampa Amarillo. The Observatory consists of a hybrid detector, in which there are 1660 water-Cherenkov stations, forming the Surface Detector (SD) and 27 peripheral atmospheric fluorescence telescopes, comprising the Fluorescence Detector (FD).Over time, the Auger Observatory has been enhanced with different R&D prototypes and is recently being to an important upgrade called AugerPrime. In the present contribution, the general operations of the SD and FD will be described. In particular the FD shift procedure - executable locally in Malargue or remotely by teams in control rooms abroad within the Collaboration - and the newly SD shifts (operating since 2019) will be explained. Additionally, the SD and FD maintenance campaigns, as well as the data taking and data handling at a basic level, will be reported

38. The optical layout of the fluorescence detector of the Pierre Auger observatory

Author

Ladislav Soukup, Miroslav Palatka, Martina Bohacova, Martin Vlcek, Miroslav Hrabovsky, M. Prouza, Petr Schovanek, J. Grygar, and Jan Ridky

Subjects
Pierre Auger Observatory, Physics, Large field of view, business.industry, Aperture, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Fluorescence spectroscopy, Auger, law.invention, Telescope, Optics, law, Chromatic aberration, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, business
Abstract

We describe an unusual optical layout of the fluorescence detector telescope what is a part of the Pierre Auger observatory. The fluorescence detector is a very fast telescope with the relative aperture fno ~ 0.77 and the large field of view 30 × 30 degrees. The primary objective for the Auger fluorescence telescope is to measure accurately the longitudinal development profiles of air showers of the cosmic rays above 10 EeV energy.

39. Calibration and operation of SiPM-based cameras for gamma-ray astronomy in presence of high night-sky light

Author

M. Więcek, Petr Schovanek, Stanislav Michal, Miroslav Palatka, Michał Ostrowski, Yannick Favre, J. Borkowski, Pawel Rajda, Dominik Neise, Jiri Blazek, Dorota Smakulska, Jakub Juryšek, Karol Seweryn, Matteo Balbo, Jacek Świerblewski, Teresa Montaruli, Petr Hamal, Isaac Troyano Pujadas, Cyril Martin Alispach, V. Sliusar, P. Paśko, D. della Volpe, Mira Grudzińska, Etienne Lyard, Imen Al Samarai, T. Bulik, Jerzy Kasperek, Andrzej Kotarba, J. Blocki, Miroslav Pech, Victor Coco, Henry Przybilski, Łukasz Stawarz, Ladislav Chytka, Matthieu Heller, Jacek Niemiec, K. Ziȩtara, Dorota Sobczyńska, Jerzy Michalowski, Paweł Świerk, Miroslav Hrabovsky, Rafał Moderski, Anastasia Maria Barbano, Katarzyna Koncewicz, V. Beshley, T.R.N. Ekoume, Frank Raphael Cadoux, Paweł Rozwadowski, Roland Walter, Adrian Biland, Dusan Mandat, Bartłomiej Pilszyk, Petr Travnicek, Nicolas De Angelis, Y. Renier, Tomasz Gieras, E. Mach, A. Zagdański, and Andrii Nagai

Subjects
Pixel, business.industry, Computer science, Emphasis (telecommunications), FOS: Physical sciences, Gamma-ray astronomy, law.invention, Telescope, Optics, Silicon photomultiplier, law, Calibration, business, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Cherenkov radiation, Camera resectioning
Abstract

The next generation of Cherenkov telescope cameras feature Silicon Photo Multipliers (SiPM), which can guarantee excellent performance and allow for observation also under moonlight, increasing duty-cycle and therefore the physics reach. A 4 m-diameter Davies-Cotton prototype telescope with a 9-degree optical FoV and a 1296-pixel SiPM camera, has been designed to meet the requirements of the next generation of ground-based gamma-ray observatories at the highest energies. The large-scale production of the telescopes for array deployment has required the development of a fully automated calibration strategy which relies on a dedicated hardware, the Camera Test Setup (CTS). For each camera pixel, the CTS is equipped with two LEDs, one operated in pulsed mode to reproduce signal and one in continuous mode to reproduce night-sky background. In this contribution we will present the camera calibration strategy, from the laboratory measurement to the on-site monitoring with emphasis on the results obtained with the first camera prototype. In addition, key performances such as charge resolution, time resolution and trigger efficiencies and their degradation with increasing night-sky background level will be presented., PoS: Proceedings of Science, 358, ISSN:1824-8039, Proceedings of 36th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC 2019)

40. The SST-1M project for the Cherenkov Telescope Array

Author

Teresa Montaruli, Rafał Moderski, Yannick Favre, Dusan Mandat, Bartłomiej Pilszyk, Karol Seweryn, Andrii Nagai, Petr Hamal, Katarzyna Koncewicz, Etienne Lyard, Ladislav Chytka, V. Beshley, Paweł Rozwadowski, T.R.N. Ekoume, Tomasz Gieras, Cta Sst M Project, Anastasia Maria Barbano, Jerzy Kasperek, A. Zagdański, Stanislav Michal, T. Bulik, Dorota Smakulska, M. Więcek, Miroslav Pech, Roland Walter, Cyril Martin Alispach, Henry Przybilski, Jacek Niemiec, Miroslav Palatka, Pawel Rajda, Paweł Świerk, Matteo Balbo, Jacek Świerblewski, Jerzy Michalowski, E. Mach, Dorota Sobczyńska, D. della Volpe, Y. Renier, J. Blocki, Vitalii Sliusar, Michał Ostrowski, Isaac Troyano Pujadas, Jiri Blazek, Jakub Juryšek, Andrzej Kotarba, M. Heller, Mira Grudzińska, Petr Schovanek, Dominik Neise, Victor Coco, Łukasz Stawarz, Frank Raphael Cadoux, Petr Travnicek, Miroslav Hrabovsky, Adrian Biland, Nicolas De Angelis, K. Zietara, Pawel Pasko, J. Borkowski, and Imen Al Samarai

Subjects
Telescope, Pathfinder, law, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Environmental science, Cherenkov Telescope Array, Cherenkov radiation, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Remote sensing, law.invention
Abstract

The SST-1M project, run by a Consortium of institutes from Czech Republic, Poland and Switzerland, has been proposed as a solution for implementing the small-size telescope array of the southern site of the Cherenkov Telescope Array. The technology is a pathfinder for efficient production of cost-effective imaging air Cherenkov telescopes. We report on the main system features and recent upgrades, the performances validation and the operation campaign carried out in 2018.

41. First results from the full-scale prototype for the Fluorescence detector Array of Single-pixel Telescopes

Author

Miroslav Hrabovsky, Petr Schovanek, Maria Merolle, John Matthews, Miroslav Palatka, Miroslav Pech, Paolo Privitera, Toshihiro Fujii, Dusan Mandat, Petr Travnicek, Xiaochen Ni, Stan B. Thomas, Justin M. Albury, Libor Nozka, Aygul Galimova, A. Matalon, John Farmer, Pavel Horvathd, Jose A. Bellido, and Max Malacari

Subjects
Physics, Pixel, business.industry, Segmented mirror, Detector, Cosmic ray, Fresnel lens, Laser, law.invention, Telescope, Optics, Cardinal point, law, business
Abstract

The Fluorescence detector Array of Single-pixel Telescopes (FAST) is a design concept for the next generation of ultrahigh-energy cosmic ray (UHECR) observatories, addressing the requirements for a large-area, low-cost detector suitable for measuring the properties of the highest en- ergy cosmic rays. In the FAST design, a large field of view is covered by a few pixels at the focal plane of a mirror or Fresnel lens. Motivated by the successful detection of UHECRs using a prototype comprised of a single 200 mm photomultiplier-tube and a 1 m^2 Fresnel lens system [Astropart.Phys. 74 (2016) 64-72], we have developed a new full-scale prototype consisting of four 200 mm photomultiplier-tubes at the focus of a segmented mirror of 1.6 m in diameter. In October 2016 we installed the full-scale prototype at the Telescope Array site in central Utah, USA, and began steady data taking. We report on first results of the full-scale FAST prototype, including measurements of artificial light sources, distant ultraviolet lasers, and UHECRs.

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