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1. Effects of β-sitosterol on growth, development and midgut enzymes of Helicoverpa armigera Hübner

Author

Mishra Monika, Sharma Aarti, Dagar Vinay Singh, and Kumar Sarita

Subjects
helicoverpa armigera, β-sitosterol, alanine aminotransaminase, aspartate aminotransaminase, alkaline phosphatase, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

Helicoverpa armigera is a global agricultural pest of serious concern. Continued use of chemical insecticides as control measures has raised grave health and environment concerns, necessitating a search for botanicals as safe alternatives. The current study investigates the effects of β-sitosterol, a bioactive phytocomponent in Thevetia neriifolia, on the growth and development, as well as on midgut enzymes of H. armigera. Dietary β-sitosterol produced dose-dependent systemic toxicity and growth inhibitory effects in H. armigera; the most significant effects were obtained with 10 μg/mL dietary β-sitosterol. Higher prepupal and pupal mortality in comparison to larval mortality and a comparatively greater reduction in average weight gained by later instars point to cumulative effects of β-sitosterol. The delayed effects were ascertained by the 82.05%-57.89% reduction in adult emergence in comparison to 95.02% emergence in controls. Dose-dependent effects of β-sitosterol were observed as significantly decreased enzyme activities of alanine aminotransaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransaminase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in the larval midgut. Suppression of enzyme activity was obtained in the order ALT>AST>ALP. Impaired activity of gut enzymes possibly lowered the energy reserves and affected nutrient transport through the gut epithelium, affecting the growth and development of H. armigera. Our study points to a promising use of β-sitosterol against H. armigera, although further examination and field studies are needed to ascertain its possible use in control programs.

Published
2020
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10. Contributors

Author

AbuOdeh, Raed O., primary, Aggarwal, Sunita, additional, Anshuman, Kena P., additional, Aswini Sivadas, C., additional, Ayoub, Zeenat, additional, Banerjee, Sabyasachi, additional, Banerjee, Santanu, additional, Banerjee, Subhasis, additional, Bose, Sankhadip, additional, Chandrawanshi, Nagendra Kumar, additional, Chanu, Naorem Bidyaleima, additional, Chanu, Ngathem Taibangnganbi, additional, Das, Avik, additional, Das, Madhuchanda, additional, Das, Subrata, additional, Deokar, Sulabha B., additional, Dutta, Joystu, additional, Ekka, Alka, additional, Firdous, Jannathul, additional, Giba, Jentu, additional, Halder, Suman Kumar, additional, Heredia, J. Basilio, additional, Honey Chandran, C., additional, Jiménez-Ortega, Luis Alfonso, additional, Kanu, Gayathri A., additional, Kaur, K., additional, Kaur, Maninder Jeet, additional, Kumar, Ashish, additional, Kumar, C., additional, Kumar, Krishna, additional, Kumari, Arti, additional, Lallemmoi, Khaling, additional, Maheshwari, Akshita, additional, Mehta, Abhinav, additional, Mishra, Monika, additional, Mishra, Raj K., additional, Mohamed, Ahmed A., additional, Mondal, Keshab Chandra, additional, Mondal, Subhadeep, additional, Nath, Deepa, additional, Nath, Rajat, additional, Ningthoujam, Rina, additional, Orozco-Ochoa, Alma Karen, additional, Pandey, Akhilesh Kumar, additional, Pandey, Rakesh, additional, Pandey, Sonika, additional, Pandey, Vaibhav Sharan, additional, Pandey, Vashist Narayan, additional, Panigrahi, Gagan Kumar, additional, Pathade, Girish R., additional, Patra, Jayanta Kumar, additional, Rahi, Deepak K., additional, Rahi, Sonu, additional, Rana, A.K., additional, Rathore, Utkarsh Singh, additional, Sabesan, Gokul Shankar, additional, Sam, Annie Jeyachristy, additional, Satapathy, Kunja Bihari, additional, Saxena, S., additional, Sethi, Santosh Kumar, additional, Sharma, M., additional, Sharma, Neha, additional, Shukla, Amritesh C., additional, Singh, Ajay Kumar, additional, Singh, Mayanglambam Chandrakumar, additional, Siva Prasath, C.S., additional, Srivastava, Sonal, additional, Srivastava, Suchi, additional, Suchithra, T.V., additional, Talukdar, Anupam Das, additional, Tangjang, Sumpam, additional, Tiwari, Udita, additional, Toor, Devinder, additional, Valdez-Baro, Octavio, additional, Verma, J., additional, Vyas, P., additional, and Wangpan, Tonlong, additional

Published
2024
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25. List of contributors

Author

Abukhader, Rose, primary, Agrawal, R.S., additional, Ahmad, Iqrar, additional, Ali, Iftikhar, additional, Al-Tawaha, Abdel Razzaq, additional, Anand, Kumar Hegde Biliyaru, additional, Andhare, Prasad, additional, Anjaly Shanker, M., additional, Anshuman, Kena Premshankar, additional, Babu, Karthik Sajith, additional, Baitharu, Iswar, additional, Banerjee, Satarupa, additional, Bansal, Kuldeep, additional, Baranwal, Jaya, additional, Barooah, Mridula Saikia, additional, Barse, Brajesh, additional, Bayan, Mohammad F., additional, Behera, Prakash Chandra, additional, Bhattacharya, Vijeta, additional, Bhorge, Yeshwant R., additional, Bhuyan, Deepjyoti, additional, Bisht, Satpal Singh, additional, Bloch, Khalida, additional, Chandrasekaran, Balakumar, additional, Chatterjee, Prarthana, additional, Chaudhary, Rupali R., additional, Das, Kajari, additional, Dave, Sushma, additional, Dehury, Budheswar, additional, Desai, Urja, additional, Dey, Abhijit, additional, Dhanalakshmi, M., additional, Di Petrillo, Amalia, additional, Dubey, Navneet Kumar, additional, Dubey, Subodh Kumar, additional, Fais, Antonella, additional, Floris, Sonia, additional, Gadnayak, Ayushman, additional, Gaur, Arti, additional, Ghosh, Sougata, additional, Giri, Namrata A., additional, Gupta, Suchetana, additional, Gupta, Surya Prakash, additional, Gupta Soni, Anshita, additional, Hegde, Namita, additional, Isaq, Mona, additional, Iyer, Mayuri, additional, Jagatap, Vilas, additional, Jain, Sandhya, additional, Jayabaskaran, C., additional, Jobby, Renitta, additional, Juvale, Kapil, additional, Kader, S. Abdul, additional, Kaikini, Aakruti, additional, Kamble, Rahul B., additional, Kaur, Paranjeet, additional, Kellomäki, Minna, additional, Khanashyam, Anandu Chandra, additional, Khatun, Rousan, additional, Khera, Simran, additional, Kumar, Amit, additional, Kumar Singh, Pankaj, additional, Kumaravel, Mohanya, additional, Latambale, Ganesh, additional, Luo, Shun-Yuan, additional, Mahajan, Srushti, additional, Mahanty, Arabinda, additional, Mahender, Thatikayala, additional, Meher, Rajesh Kumar, additional, Minaxi, Maru, additional, Mir, Showkat Ahmad, additional, Mishra, Monika, additional, Mishra, Namrata, additional, Mishra, Rojita, additional, Mohanty, Ipsita, additional, Muhammad, Auwal, additional, Murugan, Vaishnavi, additional, Naik, Pradeep Kumar, additional, Nair, Sneha P., additional, Nayak, Binata, additional, Nirmal, Nilesh Prakash, additional, Padhiary, Archana, additional, Pal, Kavita, additional, Panda, Amrita Kumari, additional, Pandya, Medha, additional, Panhekar, Deepa Y., additional, Parihar, Vijay Singh, additional, Parthasarathy, Ramalingam, additional, Patel, Harun, additional, Patel, Viral, additional, Pati, Ashwariya, additional, Pati, Siddhartha, additional, Patil, Mayuri A., additional, Pattnaik, Subhaswaraj, additional, Poojari, Chandrappa Chinna, additional, Prasad Das, Alok, additional, Puri, Sachin, additional, Qaisi, Ali, additional, Quadri, Amreen S., additional, Rai, Padmalatha S., additional, Rajput, Mithun Singh, additional, Ramachandra, Yarappa Lakshmikant, additional, Ranveer, R.C., additional, Rathod, N.B., additional, Raval, Manan, additional, Ravi, Pooja, additional, Rawal, Rakesh, additional, Sahu, Sanjeev Kumar, additional, Saiyed, Hiram, additional, Sakhale, Bhagwan K., additional, Sarkar, Purnima Dey, additional, Sarkate, Aniket P., additional, Sawant, Ratnnadeep C., additional, Sawant, Siddhi, additional, Senapati, Manas Ranjan, additional, Shabbirahmed, Asma Musfira, additional, Sharma, Radha, additional, Shatnawi, Mohamad, additional, Shilali, K., additional, Shinde, Sonali S., additional, Singh, Harvinder, additional, Singh, Iqubal, additional, Singh, Sikha, additional, Somkuwar, Subhash R., additional, Somu, Prathap, additional, Sruthi, D., additional, Tawaha, Abdel Rahman Al, additional, Tete, Sheary Somam, additional, Thomas, Pinchu Elizabath, additional, Thongmee, Sirikanjana, additional, Thorakkattu, Priyamvada, additional, Tiwari, Mansi, additional, Tungare, Kanchanlata, additional, Upadhyay, Dhwani, additional, Upadhye, Vijay, additional, Vairagar, Pravin R., additional, Wadhwa, Pankaj, additional, and Yashavantha Rao, H.C., additional

Published
2023
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37. Vaginal Rejuvenation: A Review of Non-Surgical and Surgical Options for Vaginal Tightening and Beautification.

Author

Mishra, Monika and kumar, Naveen

Subjects
*OPERATIVE surgery, *REJUVENATION, *SAFETY
Abstract

This review was done to evaluate the range of non-surgical and surgical techniques available for vaginal rejuvenation, to compare the efficacy, safety, and patient outcomes of these procedures and to identify potential risks, complications, and areas for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024

39. Influence of Cassia occidentalis leaf and stem extracts on the life parameters of Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus, 1762)

Author

Sharma, Aarti, Mishra, Monika, Samal, Roopa Rani, Dagar, Vinay Singh, Kumar, Manoj, Shukla, Anupama, Kumar, Sarita, Sharma, Aarti, Mishra, Monika, Samal, Roopa Rani, Dagar, Vinay Singh, Kumar, Manoj, Shukla, Anupama, and Kumar, Sarita

Abstract

Mosquitoes are the most common disease vectors for several prevalent diseases, such as Dengue, Zika, Malaria, Encephalitis, Chikungunya, and yellow fever. Since the last few years, the world has recorded an unprecedented rise in Aedes-borne dengue incidences. Frequent use of chemicals has resulted in hazardous effects on the environment, non-targets and humans, necessitating the need to develop a safer and more efficient control strategy using plant-based products. The present study investigated the effects of Cassia occidentalis on various biological parameters of the Aedes aegypti larvae. The hexane extracts obtained from the leaf and stem of the plant were utilized to treat the larvae for 24 hours. The LC50 values for the leaf and stem extracts of C. occidentalis were determined as 0.103 mg/mL and 0.088 mg/mL, respectively. The corresponding lethal values of leaf and stem extracts obtained against pupae were 0.111 and 0.138 mg/mL. The extracts also imparted latent toxic effects and reduced the % adults developed from the survived larvae in the 60.00-61.67% range at the median lethal dose. The extract-treated larvae were restless and showed abnormal behaviour, like aggressive movements and self-biting of anal papillae. The inner membrane cuticle of anal papillae was shrunken and the gut region was damaged and disintegrated. The adults who emerged from the larvae, treated with 1.0 mg/mL of C. occidentalis hexane stem and leaf extracts, showed 1.8-fold and 2.29-fold decreased oviposition, respectively. Further study with identified bioactive constituents in the extracts can help to formulate green insecticides for Ae. aegypti management.

Published
2024

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