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Travel philanthropy is an evolving phenomenon. It owes its origins to rising frustrations with conventional aid and traditional philanthropic giving and is seen as development assistance enabling resources to flow directly from the tourism industry into community development and conservation initiatives. Philanthropists have long sought to achieve social transformation, and travel philanthropy in all its forms has evolved through the democratization of charity, as a kind of “doing good” through “giving back” whilst travelling. This paper evaluates values, practices and impacts of traditional, modern and post-modern philanthropy. Drawing upon evidence emerging from a longitudinal study, which involved the retrospective evaluation of personal diary entries, participant observations and semi-structured interviews about the transcontinental Plymouth–Banjul (car) Challenge (PBC), it exemplifies how an initiative can evolve across all three philanthropic approaches. It further debates critical understandings of the problematic travel philanthropy concept and its role in stimulating sustainable development in sub-Saharan Africa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We collected 280 pellets cast by Tyto alba (Barn Owl) from 1996, 1997, and 1998 from a silo roost in Harrogate, TN. Blarina brevicauda (Northern Short-tailed Shrew, 42.2%), Synaptomys cooperi (Southern Bog Lemming, 13.6%), Cryptotis parva (Least Shrew, 10.9%), Sigmodon hispidus (Hispid Cotton Rat, 7.9%), Microtus spp. (4.9%), and Aves spp. (4.3%) comprised most of the prey items. Compared to a previous study, percentages of Northern Short-tailed Shrews were proportionately greater than those of Southern Bog Lemmings in the 1996-1998 pellets. Precipitation and fluctuations in prey populations might be responsible for the disparities in diet composition between pellet collections, but more research is necessary to investigate a possible relationship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]