242 results on '"Mitchell, Kieren"'
Search Results
2. From fertiliser to phantom : DNA cracks a century-old mystery about New Zealand’s only extinct freshwater fish
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Scarsbrook, Lachie, Mitchell, Kieren, and Rawlence, Nic
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- 2022
3. An age-depth model and revised stratigraphy of vertebrate-bearing units in Natural Trap Cave, Wyoming
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Lovelace, David M., Redman, Cory M., Minckley, Thomas A., Schubert, Blaine W., Mahan, Shannon, Wood, John R., McGuire, Jenny L., Laden, Juan, Bitterman, Kathleen, Heiniger, Holly, Fenderson, Lindsey, Cooper, Alan, Mitchell, Kieren J., and Meachen, Julie A.
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- 2023
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4. Evidence for Pleistocene gene flow through the ice-free corridor from extinct horses and camels from Natural Trap Cave, Wyoming
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Mitchell, Kieren J., Bover, Pere, Salis, Alexander T., Mudge, Caitlin, Heiniger, Holly, Thompson, Mary, Hockett, Bryan, Weyrich, Laura S., Cooper, Alan, and Meachen, Julie A.
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- 2023
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5. Ancient mitogenomes reveal evidence for the Late Miocene dispersal of mergansers to the Southern Hemisphere
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Rawlence, Nicolas J, primary, Verry, Alexander J F, additional, Cole, Theresa L, additional, Shepherd, Lara D, additional, Tennyson, Alan J D, additional, Williams, Murray, additional, Wood, Jamie R, additional, and Mitchell, Kieren J, additional
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- 2024
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6. Ancient DNA from the koala lemur puts Madagascar on the paleogenomic map
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Mitchell, Kieren J.
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- 2021
7. Sex assignment in a non-model organism in the absence of field records using Diversity Arrays Technology (DArT) data
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Onley, Isabelle R., Austin, Jeremy J., and Mitchell, Kieren J.
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- 2021
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8. Examining Natural History through the Lens of Palaeogenomics
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Mitchell, Kieren J. and Rawlence, Nicolas J.
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- 2021
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9. Dire wolves were the last of an ancient New World canid lineage
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Perri, Angela R., Mitchell, Kieren J., Mouton, Alice, Álvarez-Carretero, Sandra, Hulme-Beaman, Ardern, Haile, James, Jamieson, Alexandra, Meachen, Julie, Lin, Audrey T., Schubert, Blaine W., Ameen, Carly, Antipina, Ekaterina E., Bover, Pere, Brace, Selina, Carmagnini, Alberto, Carøe, Christian, Samaniego Castruita, Jose A., Chatters, James C., Dobney, Keith, dos Reis, Mario, Evin, Allowen, Gaubert, Philippe, Gopalakrishnan, Shyam, Gower, Graham, Heiniger, Holly, Helgen, Kristofer M., Kapp, Josh, Kosintsev, Pavel A., Linderholm, Anna, Ozga, Andrew T., Presslee, Samantha, Salis, Alexander T., Saremi, Nedda F., Shew, Colin, Skerry, Katherine, Taranenko, Dmitry E., Thompson, Mary, Sablin, Mikhail V., Kuzmin, Yaroslav V., Collins, Matthew J., Sinding, Mikkel-Holger S., Gilbert, M. Thomas P., Stone, Anne C., Shapiro, Beth, Van Valkenburgh, Blaire, Wayne, Robert K., Larson, Greger, Cooper, Alan, and Frantz, Laurent A. F.
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- 2021
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10. Early cave art and ancient DNA record the origin of European bison.
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Soubrier, Julien, Gower, Graham, Chen, Kefei, Richards, Stephen M, Llamas, Bastien, Mitchell, Kieren J, Ho, Simon YW, Kosintsev, Pavel, Lee, Michael SY, Baryshnikov, Gennady, Bollongino, Ruth, Bover, Pere, Burger, Joachim, Chivall, David, Crégut-Bonnoure, Evelyne, Decker, Jared E, Doronichev, Vladimir B, Douka, Katerina, Fordham, Damien A, Fontana, Federica, Fritz, Carole, Glimmerveen, Jan, Golovanova, Liubov V, Groves, Colin, Guerreschi, Antonio, Haak, Wolfgang, Higham, Tom, Hofman-Kamińska, Emilia, Immel, Alexander, Julien, Marie-Anne, Krause, Johannes, Krotova, Oleksandra, Langbein, Frauke, Larson, Greger, Rohrlach, Adam, Scheu, Amelie, Schnabel, Robert D, Taylor, Jeremy F, Tokarska, Małgorzata, Tosello, Gilles, van der Plicht, Johannes, van Loenen, Ayla, Vigne, Jean-Denis, Wooley, Oliver, Orlando, Ludovic, Kowalczyk, Rafał, Shapiro, Beth, and Cooper, Alan
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Cell Nucleus ,Animals ,Bison ,Cattle ,DNA ,Mitochondrial ,Sequence Analysis ,DNA ,Evolution ,Molecular ,Phylogeny ,Fossils ,Paintings ,Europe ,Genome ,Mitochondrial ,Caves ,DNA ,Ancient ,Human Genome ,Genetics ,DNA ,Mitochondrial ,Sequence Analysis ,Evolution ,Molecular ,Genome ,Ancient - Abstract
The two living species of bison (European and American) are among the few terrestrial megafauna to have survived the late Pleistocene extinctions. Despite the extensive bovid fossil record in Eurasia, the evolutionary history of the European bison (or wisent, Bison bonasus) before the Holocene (
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- 2016
11. Widespread male sex bias in mammal fossil and museum collections
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Gower, Graham, Fenderson, Lindsey E., Salis, Alexander T., Helgen, Kristofer M., van Loenen, Ayla L., Heiniger, Holly, Hofman-Kamińska, Emilia, Kowalczyk, Rafał, Mitchell, Kieren J., Llamas, Bastien, and Cooper, Alan
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- 2019
12. Reconstructing the Evolution of Giant Extinct Kangaroos : Comparing the Utility of DNA, Morphology, and Total Evidence
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Cascini, Manuela, Mitchell, Kieren J., Cooper, Alan, and Phillips, Matthew J.
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- 2019
13. Using ancient DNA to quantify losses of genetic and species diversity in seabirds: a case study of Pterodroma petrels from a Pacific island
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Lombal, Anicee J., Salis, Alexander T., Mitchell, Kieren J., Tennyson, Alan J. D., Shepherd, Lara D., Worthy, Trevor H., Woehler, Eric J., Austin, Jeremy J., and Burridge, Christopher P.
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- 2020
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14. Thirty years of ancient DNA and the faunal biogeography of Aotearoa New Zealand: lessons and future directions.
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Verry, Alexander J. F., Lubbe, Pascale, Mitchell, Kieren J., and Rawlence, Nicolas J.
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FOSSIL DNA ,BIOGEOGRAPHY ,GONDWANA (Continent) ,GENETIC markers ,MARINE mammals ,MARINE animals ,PLANT DNA - Abstract
Thirty years ago, DNA sequences were obtained from an extinct Aotearoa New Zealand animal for the first time. Since then, ancient DNA research has provided many – often unexpected – insights into the origins of New Zealand's terrestrial and marine vertebrate fauna. Because recent human activities in New Zealand have caused the decline or extinction of many endemic plant, bird, reptile, and marine mammal species, ancient DNA has been instrumental in reconstructing their identities and origins. However, most ancient DNA studies focusing on New Zealand species have been restricted to vertebrates, with small sample sizes, and/or relatively few genetic markers. This has limited their power to infer fine-scale biogeographic patterns, including (pre)historic distributions and range-shifts driven by past climate and environmental change. Recently, 'next-generation' methodological and technological advances have broadened the range of hypotheses that can feasibly be tested with ancient DNA. These advances represent an exciting opportunity for further exploring New Zealand biogeography using ancient DNA, but their promise has not yet been fully realised. In this review, we summarise the last 30 years of ancient DNA research into New Zealand faunal biogeography and highlight key objectives, challenges, and possibilities for the next 30 years and beyond. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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15. Ancient mitogenomes reveal evidence for the late Miocene dispersal of mergansers to the Southern Hemisphere
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Rawlence, Nic, primary, Verry, Alex, additional, Cole, Theresa, additional, Shepherd, Lara, additional, Tennyson, Alan, additional, Williams, Murray, additional, Wood, Jamie, additional, and Mitchell, Kieren, additional
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- 2023
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16. Ancient mitochondrial genomes reveal the demographic history and phylogeography of the extinct, enigmatic thylacine (Thylacinus cynocephalus)
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White, Lauren C., Mitchell, Kieren J., and Austin, Jeremy J.
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- 2018
17. Evolution and extinction of the giant rhinoceros Elasmotherium sibiricum sheds light on late Quaternary megafaunal extinctions
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Kosintsev, Pavel, Mitchell, Kieren J., Devièse, Thibaut, van der Plicht, Johannes, Kuitems, Margot, Petrova, Ekaterina, Tikhonov, Alexei, Higham, Thomas, Comeskey, Daniel, Turney, Chris, Cooper, Alan, van Kolfschoten, Thijs, Stuart, Anthony J., and Lister, Adrian M.
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- 2019
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18. Convergent evolution of skim feeding in baleen whales
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Dutoit, Ludovic, primary, Mitchell, Kieren J., additional, Dussex, Nicolas, additional, Kemper, Catherine M., additional, Larsson, Petter, additional, Dalén, Love, additional, Rawlence, Nicolas J., additional, and Marx, Felix G., additional
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- 2023
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19. Genome of the Tasmanian tiger provides insights into the evolution and demography of an extinct marsupial carnivore
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Feigin, Charles Y., Newton, Axel H., Doronina, Liliya, Schmitz, Jürgen, Hipsley, Christy A., Mitchell, Kieren J., Gower, Graham, Llamas, Bastien, Soubrier, Julien, Heider, Thomas N., Menzies, Brandon R., Cooper, Alan, O’Neill, Rachel J., and Pask, Andrew J.
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- 2018
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20. Understanding conflict among experts working on controversial species: A case study on the Australian dingo
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Donfrancesco, Valerio, primary, Allen, Benjamin L., additional, Appleby, Rob, additional, Behrendorff, Linda, additional, Conroy, Gabriel, additional, Crowther, Mathew S., additional, Dickman, Christopher R., additional, Doherty, Tim, additional, Fancourt, Bronwyn A., additional, Gordon, Christopher E., additional, Jackson, Stephen M., additional, Johnson, Chris N., additional, Kennedy, Malcolm S., additional, Koungoulos, Loukas, additional, Letnic, Mike, additional, Leung, Luke K.‐P., additional, Mitchell, Kieren J., additional, Nesbitt, Bradley, additional, Newsome, Thomas, additional, Pacioni, Carlo, additional, Phillip, Justine, additional, Purcell, Brad V., additional, Ritchie, Euan G., additional, Smith, Bradley P., additional, Stephens, Danielle, additional, Tatler, Jack, additional, van Eeden, Lily M., additional, and Cairns, Kylie M., additional
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- 2023
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21. Convergent evolution of skim feeding in baleen whales
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Dutoit, Ludovic, Mitchell, Kieren J., Dussex, Nicolas, Kemper, Catherine M., Larsson, Petter, Dalén, Love, Rawlence, Nicolas J., Marx, Felix G., Dutoit, Ludovic, Mitchell, Kieren J., Dussex, Nicolas, Kemper, Catherine M., Larsson, Petter, Dalén, Love, Rawlence, Nicolas J., and Marx, Felix G.
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- 2023
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22. Ancient DNA from the extinct New Zealand grayling (Prototroctes oxyrhynchus) reveals evidence for Miocene marine dispersal
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Scarsbrook, Lachie, primary, Mitchell, Kieren J, additional, Mcgee, Matthew D, additional, Closs, Gerard P, additional, and Rawlence, Nicolas J, additional
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- 2022
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23. Spatial genetic structure and limited gene flow in fragmented populations of the threatened Malleefowl (Leipoa ocellata)
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Stenhouse, Peri, primary, Onley, Isabelle R., additional, Mitchell, Kieren J., additional, Moseby, Katherine E., additional, and Austin, Jeremy J., additional
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- 2022
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24. Application of palaeogenetic techniques to historic mollusc shells reveals phylogeographic structure in a New Zealand abalone
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Walton, Kerry, primary, Scarsbrook, Lachie, additional, Mitchell, Kieren J., additional, Verry, Alexander J. F., additional, Marshall, Bruce A., additional, Rawlence, Nicolas J., additional, and Spencer, Hamish G., additional
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- 2022
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25. Review for "Iteratively mapping ancient DNA to reconstruct highly divergent mitochondrial genomes: An evaluation of software, parameters and bait reference"
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Mitchell, Kieren, primary
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- 2022
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26. Thirty years of ancient DNA and the faunal biogeography of Aotearoa New Zealand: lessons and future directions
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Verry, Alexander J. F., primary, Lubbe, Pascale, additional, Mitchell, Kieren J., additional, and Rawlence, Nicolas J., additional
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- 2022
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27. Genetic evidence for post-glacial expansion from a southern refugium in the eastern moa ( Emeus crassus )
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Verry, Alexander J. F., primary, Mitchell, Kieren J., additional, and Rawlence, Nicolas J., additional
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- 2022
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28. Rapid radiation of Southern Ocean shags in response to receding sea ice
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Rawlence, Nicolas J., Salis, Alexander T., Spencer, Hamish G., Waters, Jonathan M., Scarsbrook, Lachie, Mitchell, Kieren J., Phillips, Richard A., Calderón, Luciano, Cook, Timothée R., Bost, Charles‐André, Dutoit, Ludovic, King, Tania M., Masello, Juan F., Nupen, Lisa J., Quillfeldt, Petra, Ratcliffe, Norman, Ryan, Peter G., Till, Charlotte E., Kennedy, Martyn, Rawlence, Nicolas J., Salis, Alexander T., Spencer, Hamish G., Waters, Jonathan M., Scarsbrook, Lachie, Mitchell, Kieren J., Phillips, Richard A., Calderón, Luciano, Cook, Timothée R., Bost, Charles‐André, Dutoit, Ludovic, King, Tania M., Masello, Juan F., Nupen, Lisa J., Quillfeldt, Petra, Ratcliffe, Norman, Ryan, Peter G., Till, Charlotte E., and Kennedy, Martyn
- Abstract
Understanding how natural populations respond to climatic shifts is a fundamental goal of biological research in a fast-changing world. The Southern Ocean represents a fascinating system for assessing large-scale climate-driven biological change, as it contains extremely isolated island groups within a predominantly westerly, circumpolar wind and current system. Blue-eyed shags represent a paradoxical seabird radiation—a circumpolar distribution implies strong dispersal capacity yet their species-rich nature suggests local adaptation and isolation. Here we attempt to resolve this paradox in light of the history of repeated cycles of climate change in the Southern Ocean.
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- 2022
29. Lions and brown bears colonized North America in multiple synchronous waves of dispersal across the Bering Land Bridge
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Salis, Alexander T., Bray, Sarah C. E., Lee, Michael S. Y., Heiniger, Holly, Barnett, Ross, Burns, James A., Doronichev, Vladimir, Fedje, Daryl, Golovanova, Liubov, Harington, C. Richard, Hockett, Bryan, Kosintsev, Pavel, Lai, Xulong, Mackie, Quentin, Vasiliev, Sergei, Weinstock, Jacobo, Yamaguchi, Nobuyuki, Meachen, Julie A., Cooper, Alan, Mitchell, Kieren J., Salis, Alexander T., Bray, Sarah C. E., Lee, Michael S. Y., Heiniger, Holly, Barnett, Ross, Burns, James A., Doronichev, Vladimir, Fedje, Daryl, Golovanova, Liubov, Harington, C. Richard, Hockett, Bryan, Kosintsev, Pavel, Lai, Xulong, Mackie, Quentin, Vasiliev, Sergei, Weinstock, Jacobo, Yamaguchi, Nobuyuki, Meachen, Julie A., Cooper, Alan, and Mitchell, Kieren J.
- Abstract
The Bering Land Bridge connecting North America and Eurasia was periodically exposed and inundated by oscillating sea levels during the Pleistocene glacial cycles. This land connection allowed the intermittent dispersal of animals, including humans, between Western Beringia (far northeast Asia) and Eastern Beringia (northwest North America), changing the faunal community composition of both continents. The Pleistocene glacial cycles also had profound impacts on temperature, precipitation and vegetation, impacting faunal community structure and demography. While these palaeoenvironmental impacts have been studied in many large herbivores from Beringia (e.g., bison, mammoths, horses), the Pleistocene population dynamics of the diverse guild of carnivorans present in the region are less well understood, due to their lower abundances. In this study, we analyse mitochondrial genome data from ancient brown bears (Ursus arctos; n = 103) and lions (Panthera spp.; n = 39), two megafaunal carnivorans that dispersed into North America during the Pleistocene. Our results reveal striking synchronicity in the population dynamics of Beringian lions and brown bears, with multiple waves of dispersal across the Bering Land Bridge coinciding with glacial periods of low sea levels, as well as synchronous local extinctions in Eastern Beringia during Marine Isotope Stage 3. The evolutionary histories of these two taxa underline the crucial biogeographical role of the Bering Land Bridge in the distribution, turnover and maintenance of megafaunal populations in North America.
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- 2022
30. Ancient DNA from the extinct New Zealand grayling (Prototroctes oxyrhynchus) reveals evidence for Miocene marine dispersal.
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Scarsbrook, Lachie, Mitchell, Kieren J, Mcgee, Matthew D, Closs, Gerard P, and Rawlence, Nicolas J
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FOSSIL DNA , *MIOCENE Epoch , *DNA sequencing , *OLIGOCENE Epoch , *MARINE toxins , *FLOODS , *DNA - Abstract
The evolutionary history of Southern Hemisphere graylings (Retropinnidae) in New Zealand (NZ), including their relationship to the Australian grayling, is poorly understood. The NZ grayling (Prototroctes oxyrhynchus) is the only known fish in NZ to have gone extinct since human arrival there. Despite its historical abundance, only 23 wet and dried, formalin-fixed specimens exist in museums. We used high-throughput DNA sequencing to generate mitogenomes from formalin-fixed P. oxyrhynchus specimens, and analysed these in a temporal phylogenetic framework of retropinnids and osmerids. We recovered a strong sister-relationship between NZ and Australian grayling (P. mareana), with a common ancestor ~13.8 Mya [95% highest posterior density (HPD): 6.1–23.2 Mya], after the height of Oligocene marine inundation in NZ. Our temporal phylogenetic analysis suggests a single marine dispersal between NZ and Australia, although the direction of dispersal is equivocal, followed by divergence into genetically and morphologically distinguishable species through isolation by distance. This study provides further insights into the possible extinction drivers of the NZ grayling, informs discussion regarding reintroduction of Prototroctes to NZ and highlights how advances in palaeogenetics can be used to test evolutionary hypotheses in fish, which, until relatively recently, have been comparatively neglected in ancient-DNA research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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31. Rapid radiation of Southern Ocean shags in response to receding sea ice
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Rawlence, Nicolas J., primary, Salis, Alexander T., additional, Spencer, Hamish G., additional, Waters, Jonathan M., additional, Scarsbrook, Lachie, additional, Mitchell, Kieren J., additional, Phillips, Richard A., additional, Calderón, Luciano, additional, Cook, Timothée R., additional, Bost, Charles‐André, additional, Dutoit, Ludovic, additional, King, Tania M., additional, Masello, Juan F., additional, Nupen, Lisa J., additional, Quillfeldt, Petra, additional, Ratcliffe, Norman, additional, Ryan, Peter G., additional, Till, Charlotte E., additional, and Kennedy, Martyn, additional
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- 2022
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32. Detailed methodologies and supplementary figure and tables from Genetic evidence for post-glacial expansion from a southern refugium in the eastern moa (Emeus crassus)
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Verry, Alexander J. F., Mitchell, Kieren J., and Rawlence, Nicolas J.
- Abstract
Cycles of glacial expansion and contraction throughout the Pleistocene drove increases and decreases, respectively, in the geographical range and population size of many animal species. Genetic data have revealed that during glacial maxima the distribution of many Eurasian animals was restricted to small refugial areas, from which species expanded to reoccupy parts of their former range as the climate warmed. It has been suggested that the extinct eastern moa (Emeus crassus)—a large, flightless bird from New Zealand—behaved analogously during glacial maxima, possibly surviving only in a restricted area of lowland habitat in the southern South Island of New Zealand during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). However, previous studies have lacked the power and geographical sampling to explicitly test this hypothesis using genetic data. Here we analyse 46 ancient mitochondrial genomes from Late Pleistocene and Holocene bones of the eastern moa from across their post-LGM distribution. Our results are consistent with a post-LGM increase in the population size and genetic diversity of eastern moa. We also demonstrate that genetic diversity was higher in eastern moa from the southern extent of their range, supporting the hypothesis that they expanded from a single glacial refugium following the LGM.
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- 2022
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33. Lions and brown bears colonized North America in multiple synchronous waves of dispersal across the Bering Land Bridge
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Salis, Alexander T., primary, Bray, Sarah C. E., additional, Lee, Michael S. Y., additional, Heiniger, Holly, additional, Barnett, Ross, additional, Burns, James A., additional, Doronichev, Vladimir, additional, Fedje, Daryl, additional, Golovanova, Liubov, additional, Harington, C. Richard, additional, Hockett, Bryan, additional, Kosintsev, Pavel, additional, Lai, Xulong, additional, Mackie, Quentin, additional, Vasiliev, Sergei, additional, Weinstock, Jacobo, additional, Yamaguchi, Nobuyuki, additional, Meachen, Julie A, additional, Cooper, Alan, additional, and Mitchell, Kieren J., additional
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- 2021
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34. Application of palaeogenetic techniques to historic mollusc shells reveals phylogeographic structure in a New Zealand abalone.
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Walton, Kerry, Scarsbrook, Lachie, Mitchell, Kieren J., Verry, Alexander J. F., Marshall, Bruce A., Rawlence, Nicolas J., and Spencer, Hamish G.
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ABALONES ,MOLLUSKS ,NUCLEOTIDE sequence ,DNA sequencing ,NATURAL history ,SINGLE-stranded DNA ,INVERTEBRATES - Abstract
Natural history collections worldwide contain a plethora of mollusc shells. Recent studies have detailed the sequencing of DNA extracted from shells up to thousands of years old and from various taphonomic and preservational contexts. However, previous approaches have largely addressed methodological rather than evolutionary research questions. Here, we report the generation of DNA sequence data from mollusc shells using such techniques, applied to Haliotis virginea Gmelin, 1791, a New Zealand abalone, in which morphological variation has led to the recognition of several forms and subspecies. We successfully recovered near‐complete mitogenomes from 22 specimens including 12 dry‐preserved shells up to 60 years old. We used a combination of palaeogenetic techniques that have not previously been applied to shell, including DNA extraction optimized for ultra‐short fragments and hybridization‐capture of single‐stranded DNA libraries. Phylogenetic analyses revealed three major, well‐supported clades comprising samples from: (1) The Three Kings Islands; (2) the Auckland, Chatham and Antipodes Islands; and (3) mainland New Zealand and Campbell Island. This phylogeographic structure does not correspond to the currently recognized forms. Critically, our nonreliance on freshly collected or ethanol‐preserved samples enabled inclusion of topotypes of all recognized subspecies as well as additional difficult‐to‐sample populations. Broader application of these comparatively cost‐effective and reliable methods to modern, historical, archaeological and palaeontological shell samples has the potential to revolutionize invertebrate genetic research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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35. Contrasting Patterns of Sensory Adaptation in Living and Extinct Flightless Birds
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Johnston, Peter, primary and Mitchell, Kieren J., additional
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- 2021
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36. Ancient and modern genomes unravel the evolutionary history of the rhinoceros family
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Liu, Shanlin, primary, Westbury, Michael V., additional, Dussex, Nicolas, additional, Mitchell, Kieren J., additional, Sinding, Mikkel-Holger S., additional, Heintzman, Peter D., additional, Duchêne, David A., additional, Kapp, Joshua D., additional, von Seth, Johanna, additional, Heiniger, Holly, additional, Sánchez-Barreiro, Fátima, additional, Margaryan, Ashot, additional, André-Olsen, Remi, additional, De Cahsan, Binia, additional, Meng, Guanliang, additional, Yang, Chentao, additional, Chen, Lei, additional, van der Valk, Tom, additional, Moodley, Yoshan, additional, Rookmaaker, Kees, additional, Bruford, Michael W., additional, Ryder, Oliver, additional, Steiner, Cynthia, additional, Bruins-van Sonsbeek, Linda G.R., additional, Vartanyan, Sergey, additional, Guo, Chunxue, additional, Cooper, Alan, additional, Kosintsev, Pavel, additional, Kirillova, Irina, additional, Lister, Adrian M., additional, Marques-Bonet, Tomas, additional, Gopalakrishnan, Shyam, additional, Dunn, Robert R., additional, Lorenzen, Eline D., additional, Shapiro, Beth, additional, Zhang, Guojie, additional, Antoine, Pierre-Olivier, additional, Dalén, Love, additional, and Gilbert, M. Thomas P., additional
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- 2021
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37. Understanding dispersal patterns can inform future translocation strategies: A case study of the threatened greater stick‐nest rat (Leporillus conditor)
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Onley, Isabelle R., primary, Austin, Jeremy J., additional, Mitchell, Kieren J., additional, and Moseby, Katherine E., additional
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- 2021
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38. An age-depth model and revised stratigraphy of vertebrate-bearing units in Natural Trap Cave, Wyoming
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Lovelace, David M., primary, Redman, Cory M., additional, Minckley, Thomas A., additional, Schubert, Blaine W., additional, Mahan, Shannon, additional, Wood, John R., additional, McGuire, Jenny L., additional, Laden, Juan, additional, Bitterman, Kathleen, additional, Heiniger, Holly, additional, Fenderson, Lindsey, additional, Cooper, Alan, additional, Mitchell, Kieren J., additional, and Meachen, Julie A., additional
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- 2021
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39. Late Pleistocene Australian Marsupial DNA Clarifies the Affinities of Extinct Megafaunal Kangaroos and Wallabies
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Llamas, Bastien, Brotherton, Paul, Mitchell, Kieren J., Templeton, Jennifer E.L., Thomson, Vicki A., Metcalf, Jessica L., Armstrong, Kyle N., Kasper, Marta, Richards, Stephen M., Camens, Aaron B., Lee, Michael S.Y., and Cooper, Alan
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- 2015
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40. Litoria spaldingi
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Donnellan, Stephen C., Catalano, Sarah R., Pederson, Stephen, Mitchell, Kieren J., Suhendran, Aidan, Price, Luke C., Doughty, Paul, and Richards, Stephen J.
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Amphibia ,Hylidae ,Litoria spaldingi ,Litoria ,Animalia ,Biodiversity ,Anura ,Chordata ,Taxonomy - Abstract
Litoria spaldingi (Hosmer, 1964) Northern Creek Frog (Figs 6, 9, 10) Hyla spaldingi Hosmer, 1964 Holotype. An adult female, WAM R 23886 (formerly AMNH No. 67835), collected at Elizabeth River, 50 miles south of Darwin, Northern Territory, on 23 September 1960 by William Hosmer. Material examined. Specimen details are listed in the Appendix I. Type measurements. Hosmer (1964) presented a detailed description of the holotype (Fig. 9), but few measurements. Measurements (mm): SVL = 51.3, HL 19.4, HW = 18.1, TD = 3.9, ED = 4.7, EN = 5.3, IOD = 8.9, IND = 4.9, FLL = 12.6, Fin3L = 9.9, TL = 31.8, Toe4L = 27.3. Diagnosis. Morphologically shares the external features of L. watjulumensis (see above), but is distinguished from that species by divergence in mitochondrial and nuclear DNA markers (Figs 2, 3). From a genetic perspective, apomorphic nucleotide states at 12 and three sites in the mitochondrial ND4 and the nuclear PTPN12 genes respectively reliably diagnose L. spaldingi from L. watjulumensis (Table 5). Description including variation. Assessment of morphological variation is based on 16 females and 31 males (Table 2). SVL females mean = 47 mm, males mean = 38 mm. Head slightly longer than broad (HL/HW 1.17), and approximately one third snout to vent length (HL/SVL 0.39). Snout prominent, pointed when viewed from above blunt when viewed in profile. Nostrils more lateral than superior, closer to tip of snout than to eye. Distance between eye and naris equal to internarial span (EN/IND 1.03). Canthus rostralis well defined and straight. Eye size moderate, its diameter equivalent eye to naris distance. Pupil horizontal when constricted. Tympanum distinct, circular, length slightly greater than half eye diameter (TD/ED 0.62). Supratympanic fold absent or poorly developed. Vomerine teeth short straight plates bridging the gap between the choanae. Tongue approximately rectangular. Fingers long, slender, unwebbed. Subarticular and palmar tubercles prominent. Terminal discs not extending beyond lateral extremities of penultimate phalanx. Dark brown nuptial pad on upper and inner surface of the proximal half of the first finger. Fingers in order of length 3>4>1>2. Hindlimb length moderate (TL/SVL 0.67). Toes in order of length 4>5=3>2>1. Webbing reaches base of second most distal phalanx on toe 4 and penultimate phalanx on other toes. Subarticular tubercles prominent. Small oval inner metatarsal tubercle present. Terminal toe discs not wider than toes (Fig. 9). Dorsum either smooth or with low and infrequent tubercles sometimes forming lines parallel to long axis of the body. Limbs with low tubercules, sometimes smooth. Abdomen, undersurface of thighs, and lateral aspect of body mildly granular. Pectoral fold absent in a majority of specimens and when present is indistinct. Small vocal sac present. Vocal slit at base of mandible aligned along posterior-anterior axis, approximately one quarter length of mandible. Colour in life. Dorsum pale to light brown, mottled with dark brown, imparting an overall impression of a more-or-less uniformly light brown or dark brown animal (Fig. 10). In calling males yellow is suffused along the dorso-lateral edge of the dorsum from the eye to the groin and onto the lower back, onto upper forelimb and throat. Upper surfaces of limbs with same colour as dorsum, rarely with dark flecks. Face pale to light brown with dark brown stripe beginning at tip of snout and confined to upper edge of canthus rostralis, becoming more prominent after the nostril, continuing past the eye to mid-body with width same as eye and encompassing tympanum. In calling males, face often suffused with yellow. In some individuals, dark blotches extend from dorsal end of mid-lateral stripe to groin. Upper and lower lips either immaculate or have prominent light brown or white and dark brown patching. Dorsal surface of head often lighter than rest of dorsum in heavily patterned animals. Rear of thighs mostly dark brown, often same colour as facial stripe with numerous yellow and light brown circular to linear shaped spots and patches occupying between 20–50% of rear of thigh (Fig. 6). Yellow marks more frequent closer to knee, light brown marks dominate closer to vent. Vent same colour as surrounding dorsal colours. Fore of thighs either unpatterned or with same colour and pattern as rear of thigh but separated by intrusion of dorsal colour along dorsal surface of thigh. Groin with dark brown and yellow patching. Fore of lower limbs edged with dark brown in some individuals. Outer margin of foot well demarked by distinct border between lighter upper surface and dark brown plantar surface. Abdomen plain white, lower abdomen sometimes suffused with light brown flecking, otherwise immaculate. Throat white, sometimes with small indistinct dark mottling, otherwise unpigmented. Upper iris red margined with a distinct white band that appears continuous with upper margin of head stripe, lower iris same dark brown as head stripe. Distribution and habitat. Occurs in the IBRA regions of the Daly Basin, Darwin Coastal, Pine Creek, Arnhem Coast, Arnhem Plateau, Central Arnhem, Gulf Coastal, Gulf Fall and Uplands, Mount Isa Inlier, and Gulf Plains (Fig. 1). The most western locality is in the Litchfield National Park, NT (NTM R21723), and the most eastern and southern is the East Leichhardt River near the East Leichhardt Dam, Qld (SAMA R63646). One voucher, NTM R31013, a poorly preserved juvenile from the Murranji Stock Route, is the only record from the Sturt Plain bioregion. In Kakadu National Park and in the vicinity of Darwin, L. spaldingi is associated with riparian forests (Woinarski & Gambold 1992, Reynolds et al. 2010). Breeding biology. Tyler et al. (1983) provide a detailed account [as L. wotjulumensis] of the breeding biology, variation in egg and larval morphology and development of frogs from Magela Creek, a tributary of the East Alliga-tor River on the western periphery of the Arnhem Land plateau. Males called from the edge of water from October to March and breeding occurred early in the wet season. Spawn were found in temporary pools on sandy or gravelly soils. Advertisement call. Litoria spaldingi produces calls in long series that can last at least one minute (the maximum recording time of the FrogID app). Calls are similar to those of L. watjulumensis and exhibit similar levels of complexity and variation, but available recordings are dominated by short calls and long calls. These are similar to the short calls and long calls described above for L. watjulumensis. Clucks (see description of L. watjulumensis calls) were rarely recorded, but this may reflect a lack of social interactions between males on recorded sequences of L. spaldingi. Although some audio files contained only long or short calls, it is not possible to exclude the possibility that both call types were present before or after the limited segments on these audio files, because both call types occurred on several other recordings (Fig. 8B). Of 164 calls scored for call type, 135 (82%) are short calls and 29 (18%) are long calls. This difference is not attributable to sampling bias among contributors to FrogID because a similar ratio was observed on individual audio files containing both call types (e.g. Fig. 8B). Short calls are produced at intervals of 0.4–12.4 seconds (mean = 1.68, SD = 1.53, n = 96), and have a length of 0.29–0.69 seconds (mean = 0.47, SD = 0.07, n = 74). They typically comprise two discrete components: the first is a series of introductory notes produced at 0.05– 0.17 s intervals (mean = 0.09, SD = 0.03, n = 28). Only one of 78 short calls had no introductory notes (1.3%), four had one introductory note (5.1%), 14 had two introductory notes (18%), 55 had three introductory notes (70.5%) and four calls had four introductory notes (5.1%). Introductory notes are pulsatile, but amplitude modulation does not approach 100% except in rare cases (Fig. 8B). The second component of short calls is a rapidly-repeated series of ~7–12 terminal notes produced at much shorter intervals than short notes (approximately 0.006 – 0.010 s, but inter-note interval was difficult to measure accurately in most calls). A conspicuous feature of the terminal part of short calls is the rapid reduction in inter-note intervals across the course of this component. To the human ear short calls sound like a series of sharp clicks, followed by a short buzz during which note repetition rate increases rapidly. Terminal notes are also pulsatile, and there are some examples of 100% amplitude modulation producing distinct pulses. Amplitude of introductory notes is variable (Fig. 8B), but in terminal components amplitude starts very low and increases gradually, reaching maximum amplitude at the end of the call. Long calls are at least five times the duration of short calls (4.2– 12.2 s; mean = 8.2, SD = 2.2, n = 23), and lack introductory notes. Twenty-three long calls contained 56–129 notes (mean = 94.1, SD = 24.8) produced at a note repetition rate of 10.9–14.4 notes/s (mean = 12.9, SD = 1.1, n = 12). Amplitude is low at the start and increases gradually, typically reaching maximum amplitude approximately half to one third of the way through the call, then remains steady before dropping abruptly at the end of the call (Fig. 8B). However, one long call did not reach maximum amplitude until approximately three quarters of the way through the call. Notes are pulsatile but rarely achieve 100% amplitude modulation, although this is variable among calls. In some long calls each note is divided into two components: a pulsatile introductory component followed by 1–2 discrete pulses. Note repetition rate increases rapidly during the first ~20–25% of the call (Fig. 8B), and the call sounds to the human ear like a series of sharp clucks repeated increasingly rapidly and grading into a long, harsh chattering sound. Sixteen of 29 long calls terminate with 1–3 discrete notes reminiscent of short calls, or of the second component of short calls, i.e. a short ‘buzz’. Frequency is broadly distributed in both short and long calls (Fig. 8B) so the calls have a harsh quality. Dominant frequency of both call types is similar: 2490–3372 kHz (n = 19) in short calls and 2688–3007 kHz (n = 11) in long calls, but one long call had a dominant frequency that was carried by a poorly defined lower harmonic at 1540 kHz. Hoskin et al. (2015) present audio files of the advertisement calls of several males from Berry Springs and western Arnhemland. Comparisons between L. watjulumensis and L. spaldingi calls. The calls of L. watjulumensis and L. spaldingi are similar, and notable for their complexity. For convenience we have recognised three discrete call types: clucks, short calls and long calls. However, each of these call types exhibits variation in note structure within and between calls, and observations in the field indicate that some structural features of calls are adjusted by males according to social factors (Tyler & Doughty 2009). Given the unusually high variation in structural features of calls, and small sample sizes available for analysis (calls from just one male L. watjulumensis were available), robust comparisons between calls of L. watjulumensis and L. spaldingi were not feasible and consequently taxonomic implications of most differences observed are uncertain. One exception may be the striking difference in patterns of note rate adjustment during long calls. In long calls of L. watjulumensis, note repetition rate is relatively uniform during the first half of the call, then doubles abruptly (between two consecutive notes) and remains at the higher rate (with rare longer intervals between several notes) for the remainder of the call. In contrast, note rate in long calls of L. spaldingi gradually increase from the start of the call. Differences between these patterns are evident in Fig. 8. However, further studies are required to determine whether these patterns are consistent, and if so whether this feature of the species’ advertisement calls may be a useful diagnostic character in the field. Remarks. In his 1963 description of H. spaldingi, Hosmer cited Copland’s (1957) monograph but did not mention H. latopalmata watjulumensis, despite the latter occurring approximately 400 km WSW from the nearest record of his new species. Hosmer mentions examining 76 specimens of L. latopalmata, but provides no registration numbers or indication of the collection they were from (presumably AMNH). Based on their small adult body size, these were likely L. latopalmata from the eastern coast. Subsequently Tyler’s description of L. (Hyla) coplandi Tyler 1968, is the first time that adequate geographical representative material was used to assess morphological variation in L. watjulumensis sensu lato., Published as part of Donnellan, Stephen C., Catalano, Sarah R., Pederson, Stephen, Mitchell, Kieren J., Suhendran, Aidan, Price, Luke C., Doughty, Paul & Richards, Stephen J., 2021, Revision of the Litoria watjulumensis (Anura: Pelodryadidae) group from the Australian monsoonal tropics, including the resurrection of L. spaldingi, pp. 211-240 in Zootaxa 4933 (2) on pages 225-230, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4933.2.3, http://zenodo.org/record/4550230, {"references":["Hosmer, W. (1964) A new frog of the genus Hyla from Northern Territory, Australia. American Museum Novitates, 2182, 1 - 7.","Woinarski, J. C. Z. & Gambold, N. (1992) Gradient analysis of a tropical herpetofauna: distribution patterns of terrestrial reptiles and amphibians in Stage III of Kakadu National Park, Australia. Wildlife Research, 19, 105. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / WR 9920105","Reynolds, S. J., Dostine, P. L. & Griffiths A. D. (2010) Trial of a survey methodology to monitor frog assemblages in the Darwin region. Report number 26 / 2010 D. Northern Territory Government, Northern Territory of Australia. [unknown pagination, ISBN 978 - 1 - 921519 - 86 - 4]","Tyler, M. J., Crook, G. A. & Davies, M. (1983) Reproductive biology of the frogs of the Magela Creek System, Northern Territory. Records of the South Australian Museum, 18, 415 - 440.","Hoskin, C., Grigg, G., Stewart, D. & McDonald, S. (2015) Frogs of Australia-a complete electronic field guide to Australian frogs. Ug Media, Australia. Available from: ugmedia. com. au / field-guides / frogs-of-australia / (accessed 19 January 2021)","Tyler, M. J. & Doughty, P. (2009) Frogs of Western Australia. 4 th Edition. Western Australian Museum Press, Perth, 160 pp.","Copland, S. J. (1957) Australian tree frogs of the genus Hyla. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, 82, 9 - 108.","Tyler, M. J. (1968) A taxonomic study of hylid frogs of the Hyla lesueuri complex occurring in northwestern Australia. Records of the South Australian Museum, 15, 711 - 727."]}
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41. Litoria watjulumensis
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Donnellan, Stephen C., Catalano, Sarah R., Pederson, Stephen, Mitchell, Kieren J., Suhendran, Aidan, Price, Luke C., Doughty, Paul, and Richards, Stephen J.
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Amphibia ,Hylidae ,Litoria watjulumensis ,Litoria ,Animalia ,Biodiversity ,Anura ,Chordata ,Taxonomy - Abstract
Litoria watjulumensis (Copland, 1957) Wotjulum Frog (Figs 5, 6, 7) Hyla latoplamata watjulumensis Copland, 1957 Lectotype. WAM R 11896, an adult female, collected at Wotjulum, Western Australia (16°11’ S, 123°37’ E) by A.M. Douglas. Material examined. Specimens from WA and NT are listed in the Appendix I. Lectotype measurements (mm): SVL = 46.6, HL = 19.0, HW = 16.1, TD = 3,5, ED = 5.1, EN = 5.1, IOD = 8.0, IND = 4.5, FLL = 11.3, Fin3L = 7.2, TL = 31.7, Toe4L = 22.3. Diagnosis. Distinguished from other Australian Litoria (except L. spaldingi) by a combination of: vomerine teeth present; distinct tympanum; strong head stripe, covering tympanum; grey to brown colouration in life, with dark variegations and infused with yellow which is prominent in males (Fig. 5); black shin; inner thigh colouration comprises variously shaped yellow to orange or light brown spots on a darker brown to black background (Fig. 6); fingers without webbing; fully webbed feet; and moderately expanded terminal discs on all digits (Fig. 7), and a complex advertisement call that comprises sporadic chicken-like clucks, followed by a long series of rapid evenly spaced notes followed by more clucks. Morphologically shares the external features of L. spaldingi and has a similarly structured advertisement call, but is distinguished from that species by divergence in mitochondrial and nuclear DNA markers (Figs 2, 3). From a genetic perspective, apomorphic nucleotide states at nine and three sites in the mitochondrial ND4 and the nuclear PTPN12 genes respectively reliably diagnose L. watjulumensis from L. spaldingi (Table 5). A) B) Description including variation. Assessment of morphological variation is based on 35 females and 39 males (Table 2). Mean SVL: females = 49 mm, males = 36 mm. Head slightly longer than broad (HL/HW 1.24) and approximately one-third of SVL (HL/SVL 0.39). Snout prominent, blunt when viewed from above and in profile. Nostrils more lateral than superior, closer to tip of snout than to eye. Distance between eye and naris equal to internarial span (EN/IND 1.03). Canthus rostralis well defined and straight. Eye relatively large, its diameter greater than eye to naris distance. Pupil horizontal when constricted. Tympanum distinct, circular, length slightly greater than half eye diameter (TD/ED 0.66). Vomerine teeth short straight plates bridging the gap between the choanae. Tongue approximately rectangular. Fingers long, slender, unwebbed. Subarticular and palmar tubercles prominent. Terminal discs not wider than fingers. Dark brown nuptial pad on upper and inner surface of the proximal half of the first finger. Fingers in order of length 3>4>1>2. Hindlimb length moderate (TL/SVL 0.64). Toes in order of length 4>5=3>2>1. Webbing reaches base of second most distal phalanx on toe 4 and penultimate phalanx on other toes. Subarticular tubercles prominent. Small oval inner metatarsal tubercle prominent. Terminal toe discs not wider than toes. Dorsum either smooth or with low and infrequent tubercules sometimes forming lines parallel to long axis of the body. Limbs with low tubercules, sometimes smooth. Abdomen, undersurface of thighs, and lateral aspect of body mildly granular. Pectoral fold absent in a majority of specimens and when present is indistinct. Vocal slit at base of mandible aligned along posterior-anterior axis, approximately one third length of mandible. Colour in life. Dorsum pale to light brown, often heavily mottled with dark brown and in some individuals additional red mottling, imparting an overall impression of a more-or-less uniformly light or dark brown animal (Fig. 5). Upper surfaces of limbs with same colour as dorsum, rarely with dark flecks. In calling males, yellow is suffused along the dorso-lateral edge of the dorsum from the eye to the groin and onto the lower dorsum. Head pale to light brown with dark brown stripe beginning at tip of snout becoming more prominent after the nostril but confined to upper edge of canthus rostralis, continuing past the eye to mid-body, with width same as eye and encompassing tympanum. In calling males, head often suffused with yellow. In some individuals, dark blotches from dorsal end of side stripe to groin. In all individuals lower lip has prominent light and dark brown patching. For some individuals the upper lip has the same patterning as the lower lip, otherwise upper lip is immaculate. Dorsal surface of the head often lighter than rest of the dorsum due to reduced frequency and extent of darker mottling. Rear of thighs mostly dark brown, often same colour as head stripe with numerous yellow, circular to linearshaped spots and patches occupying between 20–70% of the rear of the thigh (Fig. 6). Vent same colour as surrounding dorsal colours. Fore of thighs and groin with same colour and pattern as rear of thigh but separated from rear thigh pattern by intrusion of dorsal edge of thigh. Outer margin of foot with lighter upper surface distinctly bordered by dark brown of plantar surface. Abdomen plain white, lower abdomen sometimes suffused with light brown flecking, otherwise immaculate. Throat sometimes with small indistinct dark brown mottling otherwise unpigmented. Upper iris red margined with a distinct white band that appears continuous with upper margin of facial stripe, lower iris same dark brown colourations as facial stripe. Distribution and habitat. Occurs in the IBRA (Interim Biological Regionalisation of Australia) regions of Dampierland, Northern Kimberley, Central Kimberley, Victoria Bonaparte, Ord Victoria Plain, and Tanami (Fig. 1). The most western locality is the Stewart River, Kimbolton (WAM R51854), the most eastern is in the Victoria River catchment in Gregory National Park (NTM R37297 –8), and the most southern is Slatey Creek in the Sturt Creek catchment in the north-western Tanami (WAM R132982). Breeding biology. Francis (2013) described the breeding biology from the east Kimberley region of Western Australia where it breeds in elevated rocky pools early in the wet season. Anstis (2013) presented a combined description of variation in embryos and larvae of L. watjulumensis and L. spaldingi, only noting where particular individual sampled localities departed in individual trait states from the remainder. However, Anstis did not note any difference between groups of the sites that we could allocate to L. spaldingi vs L. watjulumensis based on geography. Advertisement call. Tyler & Doughty (2009) describe the call of L. watjulumensis as very complex, comprising sporadic chicken-like clucks, followed by a rapid series of evenly spaced notes (3–4 per second) which abruptly double in rate without a pause for up to 30 seconds followed by more clucks. The clucks are typically given in response to other male calls (Tyler & Doughty 2009). Hoskin et al. (2015) present an audio file of the advertisement call of a male from Kununurra. Our analysis is based on a sequence of 100 calls from one male (WAM R162508) of 165 s duration. Calls are complex and there is substantial variation in structural components within the sequence. However, calls can be grouped for convenience into three major types: 1) ‘clucks’ (53%), 2) ‘short calls’ (39%) and 3) ‘long calls’ (8%). Clucks are sharp notes produced singly or in short bursts, with each note lasting 0.02– 0.04 s (mean = 0.03, SD = 0.005, n = 38). Clucks may be pulsatile, with the extent of amplitude modulation of pulses, including the proportion of pulses achieving 100% amplitude modulation, varying both within and between clucks; or they may comprise a single pulse. Short calls last 0.35– 1.00 s (mean = 0.48, SD = 0.13, n = 30) and comprise two discrete components. The first is a series of 3–8 (mean = 3.73, SD = 1.16, n = 41) slowly repeated introductory cluck notes produced at intervals of about 0.04– 0.05 s, although this is variable. Twenty-two (53.7%) short calls have three introductory notes, and 15 (36.6%) have four introductory notes; just four short calls have between five and eight introductory notes. Introductory notes are pulsatile and frequently exhibit 100% amplitude modulation between 2–3 distinct pulses; the final pulse is normally significantly longer than preceding pulses. The second component of short calls is a rapidly repeated series of about 4–7 terminal notes produced at short intervals that are difficult to measure accurately. Terminal notes are finely pulsed and in total this second component of short calls lasts 0.13– 0.19 s (mean = 0.16, SD = 0.02, n = 28). Note repetition rate does not shift noticeably during the second component of short calls. Short calls sound like a series of clucks followed by a short, harsh buzz. Long calls are a train of rapidly repeated notes that is at least eight times longer than short calls (8.6– 16.4 s; mean = 12.1, SD = 2.8, n = 8). Eight long calls contain 82–142 notes (mean = 109.4, SD = 20.7) produced at an overall repetition rate of 8.4–10.0 notes/s (mean = 9.1, SD = 0.6). However, although note rate does not change noticeably during the first half of the call, it nearly doubles from 6.7–7.1 notes/s (mean = 6.91, SD = 0.19) to 11.5–13.2 notes/s (mean = 12.57, SD = 0.54) at a sharp boundary (between two consecutive notes) between 48.2 and 71.0% of the way through the call (mean = 61.70%, SD = 9.08) (Fig. 8A). Amplitude is low at the start and increases rapidly for the first ~10-15% of the call then more gradually until it reaches maximum amplitude near the end of the call. Notes are very finely pulsed, and there may be a ‘supplementary’ terminal pulse that is separated from preceding pulses by about 0.004 s, although this is variable among calls. Notes within long calls are similar to cluck calls but are generally longer. The length of 20 notes measured from before, and 20 from after, the switch from ‘slow’ to ‘fast’ note rate in the first recorded long call of WAM R162508 are 0.04– 0.05 s (mean = 0.048, SD = 0.004, n = 20) and 0.04- 0.5 s (mean = 0.049, SD = 0.003, n = 20), versus note length of 0.02– 0.04 s in cluck calls. Frequency is broadly distributed in the three call types (Fig. 8A) so they have a harsh quality. Dominant frequency of the call types overlaps broadly: 2760–3210 kHz (mean = 3023, SD = 154.4, n = 15) in clucks, 2731–3121 kHz (mean = 2981, SD = 97.92, n = 28) in short calls and 2857–3002 kHz (n = 8) in long calls. Figure 8 illustrates a long call followed by a burst of clucks, then two short calls, five clucks, and 18 short calls followed by nine clucks., Published as part of Donnellan, Stephen C., Catalano, Sarah R., Pederson, Stephen, Mitchell, Kieren J., Suhendran, Aidan, Price, Luke C., Doughty, Paul & Richards, Stephen J., 2021, Revision of the Litoria watjulumensis (Anura: Pelodryadidae) group from the Australian monsoonal tropics, including the resurrection of L. spaldingi, pp. 211-240 in Zootaxa 4933 (2) on pages 220-225, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4933.2.3, http://zenodo.org/record/4550230, {"references":["Copland, S. J. (1957) Australian tree frogs of the genus Hyla. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, 82, 9 - 108.","Francis, J. (2013) Ecological studies of anuran larvae in temporary freshwaters of the Australian wet-dry tropics. PhD Thesis, Scholl of Animal Biology, University of Western Australia, Perth, xiii + 236 pp.","Tyler, M. J. & Doughty, P. (2009) Frogs of Western Australia. 4 th Edition. Western Australian Museum Press, Perth, 160 pp.","Hoskin, C., Grigg, G., Stewart, D. & McDonald, S. (2015) Frogs of Australia-a complete electronic field guide to Australian frogs. Ug Media, Australia. Available from: ugmedia. com. au / field-guides / frogs-of-australia / (accessed 19 January 2021)"]}
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42. Pleistocene origins, western ghost lineages, and the emerging phylogeographic history of the red wolf and coyote
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Sacks, Benjamin N., primary, Mitchell, Kieren J., additional, Quinn, Cate B., additional, Hennelly, Lauren M., additional, Sinding, Mikkel‐Holger S., additional, Statham, Mark J., additional, Preckler‐Quisquater, Sophie, additional, Fain, Steven R., additional, Kistler, Logan, additional, Vanderzwan, Stevi L., additional, Meachen, Julie A., additional, Ostrander, Elaine A., additional, and Frantz, Laurent A. F., additional
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43. Mitogenomes Reveal Two Major Influxes of Papuan Ancestry across Wallacea Following the Last Glacial Maximum and Austronesian Contact
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Purnomo, Gludhug A., primary, Mitchell, Kieren J., additional, O’Connor, Sue, additional, Kealy, Shimona, additional, Taufik, Leonard, additional, Schiller, Sophie, additional, Rohrlach, Adam, additional, Cooper, Alan, additional, Llamas, Bastien, additional, Sudoyo, Herawati, additional, Teixeira, João C., additional, and Tobler, Raymond, additional
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44. Disparate origins for endemic bird taxa from the ‘Gondwana Rainforests’ of Central Eastern Australia
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Mitchell, Kieren J, primary, Hugall, Andrew F, additional, Heiniger, Holly, additional, Joseph, Leo, additional, and Oliver, Paul M, additional
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45. Ancient and modem genomes unravel the evolutionary history of the rhinoceros family
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Liu, Shanlin, Westbury, Michael, V, Dussex, Nicolas, Mitchell, Kieren J., Sinding, Mikkel-Holger S., Heintzman, Peter D., Duchene, David A., Kapp, Joshua D., von Seth, Johanna, Heiniger, Holly, Sanchez-Barreiro, Fatima, Margaryan, Ashot, Andre-Olsen, Remi, De Cahsan, Binia, Meng, Guanliang, Yang, Chentao, Chen, Lei, van der Valk, Tom, Moodley, Yoshan, Rookmaaker, Kees, Bruford, Michael W., Ryder, Oliver, Steiner, Cynthia, Bruins-van Sonsbeek, Linda G. R., Vartanyan, Sergey, Guo, Chunxue, Cooper, Alan, Kosintsev, Pavel, Kirillova, Irina, Lister, Adrian M., Marques-Bonet, Tomas, Gopalakrishnan, Shyam, Dunn, Robert R., Lorenzen, Eline D., Shapiro, Beth, Zhang, Guojie, Antoine, Pierre-Olivier, Dalen, Love, Gilbert, M. Thomas P., Liu, Shanlin, Westbury, Michael, V, Dussex, Nicolas, Mitchell, Kieren J., Sinding, Mikkel-Holger S., Heintzman, Peter D., Duchene, David A., Kapp, Joshua D., von Seth, Johanna, Heiniger, Holly, Sanchez-Barreiro, Fatima, Margaryan, Ashot, Andre-Olsen, Remi, De Cahsan, Binia, Meng, Guanliang, Yang, Chentao, Chen, Lei, van der Valk, Tom, Moodley, Yoshan, Rookmaaker, Kees, Bruford, Michael W., Ryder, Oliver, Steiner, Cynthia, Bruins-van Sonsbeek, Linda G. R., Vartanyan, Sergey, Guo, Chunxue, Cooper, Alan, Kosintsev, Pavel, Kirillova, Irina, Lister, Adrian M., Marques-Bonet, Tomas, Gopalakrishnan, Shyam, Dunn, Robert R., Lorenzen, Eline D., Shapiro, Beth, Zhang, Guojie, Antoine, Pierre-Olivier, Dalen, Love, and Gilbert, M. Thomas P.
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Only five species of the once-diverse Rhinocerotidae remain, making the reconstruction of their evolutionary history a challenge to biologists since Darwin. We sequenced genomes from five rhinoceros species (three extinct and two living), which we compared to existing data from the remaining three living species and a range of outgroups. We identify an early divergence between extant African and Eurasian lineages, resolving a key debate regarding the phylogeny of extant rhinoceroses. This early Miocene (similar to 16 million years ago [mya]) split post-dates the land bridge formation between the Afro-Arabian and Eurasian landmasses. Our analyses also show that while rhinoceros genomes in general exhibit low levels of genome-wide diversity, heterozygosity is lowest and inbreeding is highest in the modern species. These results suggest that while low genetic diversity is a long-term feature of the family, it has been particularly exacerbated recently, likely reflecting recent anthropogenic-driven population declines.
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46. Pleistocene origins, western ghost lineages, and the emerging phylogeographic history of the red wolf and coyote
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Sacks, Benjamin N., Mitchell, Kieren J., Quinn, Cate B., Hennelly, Lauren M., Sinding, Mikkel-Holger S., Statham, Mark J., Preckler-Quisquater, Sophie, Fain, Steven R., Kistler, Logan, Vanderzwan, Stevi L., Meachen, Julie A., Ostrander, Elaine A., Frantz, Laurent A. F., Sacks, Benjamin N., Mitchell, Kieren J., Quinn, Cate B., Hennelly, Lauren M., Sinding, Mikkel-Holger S., Statham, Mark J., Preckler-Quisquater, Sophie, Fain, Steven R., Kistler, Logan, Vanderzwan, Stevi L., Meachen, Julie A., Ostrander, Elaine A., and Frantz, Laurent A. F.
- Abstract
The red wolf (Canis rufus) of the eastern US was driven to near-extinction by colonial-era persecution and habitat conversion, which facilitated coyote (C. latrans) range expansion and widespread hybridization with red wolves. The observation of some grey wolf (C. lupus) ancestry within red wolves sparked controversy over whether it was historically a subspecies of grey wolf with its predominant "coyote-like" ancestry obtained from post-colonial coyote hybridization (2-species hypothesis) versus a distinct species closely related to the coyote that hybridized with grey wolf (3-species hypothesis). We analysed mitogenomes sourced from before the 20th century bottleneck and coyote invasion, along with hundreds of modern amplicons, which led us to reject the 2-species model and to investigate a broader phylogeographic 3-species model suggested by the fossil record. Our findings broadly support this model, in which red wolves ranged the width of the American continent prior to arrival of the grey wolf to the mid-continent 60-80 ka; red wolves subsequently disappeared from the mid-continent, relegated to California and the eastern forests, which ushered in emergence of the coyote in their place (50-30 ka); by the early Holocene (12-10 ka), coyotes had expanded into California, where they admixed with and phenotypically replaced western red wolves in a process analogous to the 20th century coyote invasion of the eastern forests. Findings indicate that the red wolf pre-dated not only European colonization but human, and possibly coyote, presence in North America. These findings highlight the urgency of expanding conservation efforts for the red wolf.
- Published
- 2021
47. A new extinct species of Polynesian sandpiper (Charadriiformes: Scolopacidae: Prosobonia) from Henderson Island, Pitcairn Group, and the phylogenetic relationships of Prosobonia
- Author
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De Pietri, Vanesa L., Worthy, Trevor H., Scofield, R. Paul, Cole, Theresa L., Wood, Jamie R., Mitchell, Kieren J., Cibois, Alice, Jansen, Justin J. F. J., Cooper, Alan J., Feng, Shaohong, Chen, Wanjun, Tennyson, Alan Jd, Wragg, Graham M., De Pietri, Vanesa L., Worthy, Trevor H., Scofield, R. Paul, Cole, Theresa L., Wood, Jamie R., Mitchell, Kieren J., Cibois, Alice, Jansen, Justin J. F. J., Cooper, Alan J., Feng, Shaohong, Chen, Wanjun, Tennyson, Alan Jd, and Wragg, Graham M.
- Abstract
We describe a new species of Polynesian sandpiper from Henderson Island, Prosobonia sauli sp. nov., based on multiple Holocene fossil bones collected during the Sir Peter Scott Commemorative Expedition to the Pitcairn Islands (1991-92). Prosobonia sauli is the only species of Prosobonia to be described from bone accumulations and extends the record of known extinct Polynesian sandpipers to four. It is readily differentiated from the extant Tuamotu Sandpiper P. parvirostris in several features of the legs and bill, implying ecological adaptations to different environments. The geographically nearest Prosobonia populations to Henderson Island were found on Mangareva, where it is now extinct. A previous record of a species of Prosobonia from Tubuai, Austral Islands, is here shown to belong to the Sanderling Calidris alba. Our analyses of newly sequenced genetic data, which include the mitochondrial genomes of P. parvirostris and the extinct Tahiti Sandpiper P. leucoptera, confidently resolve the position of Prosobonia as sister-taxon to turnstones and calidrine sandpipers. We present a hypothesis for the timing of divergence between species of Prosobonia and other scolopacid lineages. Our results further provide a framework to interpret the evolution of sedentary lineages within the normally highly migratory Scolopacidae.
- Published
- 2021
48. Ancient and modern genomes unravel the evolutionary history of the rhinoceros family
- Author
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Science for Life Laboratory, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, Swedish Research Council, European Research Council, Independent Research Fund Denmark, Australian Research Council, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Generalitat de Catalunya, Liu, Shanlin, Westbury, Michael V., Dussex, Nicolas, Mitchell, Kieren J., Sinding, Mikkel-Holger S., Heintzman, Peter D., Duchêne, David A., Kapp, Joshua D., von Seth, Johanna, Heiniger, Holly, Sánchez-Barreiro, Fátima, Margaryan, Ashot, André-Olsen, Remi, Cahsan, Binia de, Meng, Guanliang, Yang, Chentao, Chen, Lei, van der Valk, Tom, Moodley, Yoshan, Rookmaaker, Kees, Bruford, Michael W., Ryder, Oliver A., Steiner, Cynthia C., Bruins-van Sonsbeek, Linda G. R., Vartanyan, Sergey, Guo, Chunxue, Cooper, Alan, Kosintsev, Pavel, Kirillova, Irina, Lister, Adrian M., Marqués-Bonet, Tomàs, Gopalakrishnan, Shyam, Dunn, Robert R., Lorenzen, Eline D., Shapiro, Beth, Zhang, Guojie, Antoine, Pierre-Olivier, Dalén, Love, Gilbert, M. Thomas P., Science for Life Laboratory, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, Swedish Research Council, European Research Council, Independent Research Fund Denmark, Australian Research Council, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Generalitat de Catalunya, Liu, Shanlin, Westbury, Michael V., Dussex, Nicolas, Mitchell, Kieren J., Sinding, Mikkel-Holger S., Heintzman, Peter D., Duchêne, David A., Kapp, Joshua D., von Seth, Johanna, Heiniger, Holly, Sánchez-Barreiro, Fátima, Margaryan, Ashot, André-Olsen, Remi, Cahsan, Binia de, Meng, Guanliang, Yang, Chentao, Chen, Lei, van der Valk, Tom, Moodley, Yoshan, Rookmaaker, Kees, Bruford, Michael W., Ryder, Oliver A., Steiner, Cynthia C., Bruins-van Sonsbeek, Linda G. R., Vartanyan, Sergey, Guo, Chunxue, Cooper, Alan, Kosintsev, Pavel, Kirillova, Irina, Lister, Adrian M., Marqués-Bonet, Tomàs, Gopalakrishnan, Shyam, Dunn, Robert R., Lorenzen, Eline D., Shapiro, Beth, Zhang, Guojie, Antoine, Pierre-Olivier, Dalén, Love, and Gilbert, M. Thomas P.
- Abstract
Only five species of the once-diverse Rhinocerotidae remain, making the reconstruction of their evolutionary history a challenge to biologists since Darwin. We sequenced genomes from five rhinoceros species (three extinct and two living), which we compared to existing data from the remaining three living species and a range of outgroups. We identify an early divergence between extant African and Eurasian lineages, resolving a key debate regarding the phylogeny of extant rhinoceroses. This early Miocene (∼16 million years ago [mya]) split post-dates the land bridge formation between the Afro-Arabian and Eurasian landmasses. Our analyses also show that while rhinoceros genomes in general exhibit low levels of genome-wide diversity, heterozygosity is lowest and inbreeding is highest in the modern species. These results suggest that while low genetic diversity is a long-term feature of the family, it has been particularly exacerbated recently, likely reflecting recent anthropogenic-driven population declines.
- Published
- 2021
49. Molecular Phylogeny, Biogeography, and Habitat Preference Evolution of Marsupials
- Author
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Mitchell, Kieren J., Pratt, Renae C., Watson, Laura N., Gibb, Gillian C., Llamas, Bastien, Kasper, Marta, Edson, Janette, Hopwood, Blair, Male, Dean, Armstrong, Kyle N., Meyer, Matthias, Hofreiter, Michael, Austin, Jeremy, Donnellan, Stephen C., Lee, Michael S. Y., Phillips, Matthew J., and Cooper, Alan
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Ancient DNA reveals elephant birds and kiwi are sister taxa and clarifies ratite bird evolution
- Author
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Mitchell, Kieren J., Llamas, Bastien, Soubrier, Julien, Rawlence, Nicolas J., Worthy, Trevor H., Wood, Jamie, Lee, Michael S. Y., and Cooper, Alan
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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