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In the digital economy era, take-out shops relying on the online-to-offline e-commerce platform have gathered in central cities on a large scale, forming large-scale food processing spaces—"Takeaway Factories"— to serve immediate local catering needs. In addition to the impact of the platform economy, consumer demand, and space costs, riders are an important and dynamic factor that promote the final formation of a "Takeaway Factory". Based on the analysis framework of virtual and real-space interactions using the participatory survey method, the specific roles of crowdsourcing and special delivery riders in the formation of "Takeaway Factory" was elucidated. Riders, as the core intermediaries of virtual agglomeration that leads to physical agglomeration, play a role at different stages and spatial scales. In the initial stage, because dedicated takeout shops tend to prefer low-cost, high-demand urban gap spaces, they face challenges in matching with special delivery riders until they are included in the special delivery distribution station. Thus, crowdsourcing riders with free-movement attributes are their first choice. Crowdsourcing riders have a strong preference for store clusters and select food through the two tools of the regional order heat map and grab order hall, bringing about differences in distribution efficiency and promoting the phenomenon of large regional differentiation of relatively concentrated and dispersed stores within the city scale. In the middle stage, in the face of the uneven distribution efficiency of different areas in the city, the platform divides the size of the stations according to the size of the shops in different areas, and matches the special delivery riders of the corresponding scale, which eliminates the uneven distribution efficiency of different areas to a certain extent, and promotes the distribution efficiency of different sections to reach a basic balance. With the emergence of special delivery systems, the special delivery riders are distributed in the station area through the delivery system, which effectively alleviates the distribution pressure of the relatively dispersed, inferior-location stores and promotes the balance of the distribution efficiency of different sections. In the final stage, the special delivery and crowdsourcing riders in the area jointly promote the agglomeration of shops in the area, and ultimately promote the formation of a more polarized takeaway factory. Crowdsourcing riders continue to promote agglomeration from the initial stage, whereas the emergence of special delivery riders promotes both equilibrium and agglomeration. With the increasing maturity of the special delivery and crowdsourcing system, the time-space behavior of different types of riders will eventually promote the completion of the high-density and large-scale agglomeration of takeaway shops in the area (distribution site) through virtual tools, such as site order thermal maps, order dispatching systems, resident points, and order-grabbing halls. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The metaverse has influenced the development of science and technology since it was proposed. While artificial intelligence (AI) is still one of the important technologies to solve problems in metaverse. The success of AI in various fields and the development of information technology make the integration of sports industry and AI an inevitable trend. Currently, the traditional physical education is experiencing qualitative changes, and the demand of integrating AI and metaverse into physical education is becoming more and more obvious. Football teaching is an important part of physical education, and Virtual Reality (VR) has the characteristics of immersion, interaction and imagination, which can build virtual and realistic football teaching process. In this study, through 360-degree panoramic VR football teaching videos empowered by the metaverse and K-means algorithm based on machine learning under AI, we study the strategies for improving the quality of football teaching in the mobile Internet environment. Therefore, we propose K-means based optimized 360-degree panoramic VR football teaching video delivery strategy. In addition, we conduct simulation experiments under content delivery networks simulator, and the simulation results show that the proposed strategy is superior to the baselines in terms of proxy server hit ratio, byte hit ratio, mean response time and students quality of experience. Moreover, through the 360-degree panoramic VR football teaching videos learning, students can intuitively analyze the actions and improve the teaching quality. The reconstruction of football teaching environment is beneficial to promote the combination of football teaching and smart learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the digital economy era, take-out shops relying on the online-to-offline e-commerce platform have gathered in central cities on a large scale, forming large-scale food processing spaces—"Takeaway Factories"— to serve immediate local catering needs. In addition to the impact of the platform economy, consumer demand, and space costs, riders are an important and dynamic factor that promote the final formation of a "Takeaway Factory". Based on the analysis framework of virtual and real-space interactions using the participatory survey method, the specific roles of crowdsourcing and special delivery riders in the formation of "Takeaway Factory" was elucidated. Riders, as the core intermediaries of virtual agglomeration that leads to physical agglomeration, play a role at different stages and spatial scales. In the initial stage, because dedicated takeout shops tend to prefer low-cost, high-demand urban gap spaces, they face challenges in matching with special delivery riders until they are included in the special delivery distribution station. Thus, crowdsourcing riders with free-movement attributes are their first choice. Crowdsourcing riders have a strong preference for store clusters and select food through the two tools of the regional order heat map and grab order hall, bringing about differences in distribution efficiency and promoting the phenomenon of large regional differentiation of relatively concentrated and dispersed stores within the city scale. In the middle stage, in the face of the uneven distribution efficiency of different areas in the city, the platform divides the size of the stations according to the size of the shops in different areas, and matches the special delivery riders of the corresponding scale, which eliminates the uneven distribution efficiency of different areas to a certain extent, and promotes the distribution efficiency of different sections to reach a basic balance. With the emergence of special delivery systems, the special delivery riders are distributed in the station area through the delivery system, which effectively alleviates the distribution pressure of the relatively dispersed, inferior-location stores and promotes the balance of the distribution efficiency of different sections. In the final stage, the special delivery and crowdsourcing riders in the area jointly promote the agglomeration of shops in the area, and ultimately promote the formation of a more polarized takeaway factory. Crowdsourcing riders continue to promote agglomeration from the initial stage, whereas the emergence of special delivery riders promotes both equilibrium and agglomeration. With the increasing maturity of the special delivery and crowdsourcing system, the time-space behavior of different types of riders will eventually promote the completion of the high-density and large-scale agglomeration of takeaway shops in the area (distribution site) through virtual tools, such as site order thermal maps, order dispatching systems, resident points, and order-grabbing halls.

Addressing the global challenge of sustainable waste management, this research investigates the influence of social dynamics and digital connectivity on rural residents' willingness to adopt waste classification practices, essential for sustainable environmental management. Through a comprehensive analysis of 5413 rural participants surveyed in the China Labor-force Dynamic Survey (CLDS), this study employs a novel mixed-methods approach. It integrates quantitative analysis with the Manski social interaction framework and a Recursive Bivariate Probit model to explore the intricate interplay between community interactions, internet access, and environmental behaviors. Our methodology stands out for its unique combination of social theory and econometric modeling to address a pressing environmental issue. Results highlight a significant effect of mobile internet use and social interactions within communities on enhancing willingness towards waste classification. Notably, digital connectivity emerges as a key facilitator of environmental engagement, mediating social influences, and fostering a collective approach to waste management. Considering these insights, we propose targeted policy interventions that blend digital strategies with traditional community engagement efforts. Recommendations include crafting digital literacy programs and leveraging social media to bolster community-centric environmental governance. By harnessing the synergistic potential of digital tools and social dynamics, these strategies aim to elevate the effectiveness of waste classification initiatives in rural China, offering a scalable model for environmental sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

IntroductionAlthough health-seeking behaviors are crucial to China’s healthcare delivery system, the influence of mobile Internet use in this context remains under-explored. This study aimed to comprehensively explore the influence of mobile Internet use on health-seeking behaviors, and meticulously examined the heterogeneity in health outcomes associated with the intersection between mobile Internet use and health-seeking behaviors.MethodsWe used nationally representative data derived from the China Family Panel Studies. Given that individuals typically make the decision to use mobile Internet autonomously, an instrumental variable regression methodology was adopted to mitigate potential selection biases.ResultsOur findings revealed that mobile Internet use significantly promoted self-medication and adversely affected the use of primary care facilities among Chinese adults. Furthermore, our findings highlighted the heterogeneous effects of mobile Internet use across diverse health demographic groups.ConclusionThese findings underscore the importance of strategic planning and utilizing mobile Internet resources to steer individuals toward more appropriate healthcare-seeking behaviors.

Background: In recent years, with the rapid development of mobile Internet and Web3D technologies, a large number of web-based online 3D visualization applications have emerged. Web3D applications, including Web3D online tourism, Web3D online architecture, Web3D online education environment, Web3D online medical care, and Web3D online shopping are examples of these applications that leverage 3D rendering on the web. These applications have pushed the boundaries of traditional web applications that use text, sound, image, video, and 2D animation as their main communication media, and resorted to 3D virtual scenes as the main interaction object, enabling a user experience that delivers a strong sense of immersion. This paper approached the emerging Web3D applications that generate stronger impacts on people's lives through “real-time rendering technology”, which is the core technology of Web3D. This paper discusses all the major 3D graphics APIs of Web3D and the well-known Web3D engines at home and abroad and classify the real-time rendering frameworks of Web3D applications into different categories. Results: Finally, this study analyzed the specific demand posed by different fields to Web3D applications by referring to the representative Web3D applications in each particular field. Conclusions: Our survey results show that Web3D applications based on real-time rendering have in-depth sectors of society and even family, which is a trend that has influence on every line of industry.

The first objective was to estimate the digital gender gap in the department of Puno in the year 2021. For this, the probit regression model with sample selection called Heckprobit was applied using data from the Residential Survey of Telecommunications Services for the year 2021 (Erestel, 2021) of the Supervisory Agency for Private Investment in Telecommunications (Peru). The second objective was to identify the determinants of the frequency of mobile Internet use in women dedicated to textile crafts in the department of Puno, for which the censored Poisson regression model was applied with primary data collected through a questionnaire, the simple random sample technique was used. The results show the existence of the digital gender gap, men are more likely to access mobile Internet by 5.4 percentage points compared to women. On the other hand, the results corroborate that the frequency of mobile Internet use was even lower for older artisan women (p<0.01), with fewer years of education (p<0.10), if they reside in a rural area (p<0.01) and if they have limited mobile Internet service (p<0.05), the digital gender gap persists and it is imperative that the Ministry of Women and Vulnerable Populations and the municipalities undertake actions to promoting the closing of the gender gap, within the framework of the sustainable development goals of the millennium in the world agenda 2030 of the United Nations (UN). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Technology Economics is the property of Chinese Society of Technology Economics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

With the rapid development and wide popularity of Internet technology, mobile application services have become an indispensable part of people's daily life. As a typical mobile application service, mobile office can provide an anytime, anywhere platform, enabling users to use fragmented time and fully improve office efficiency. However, it differs from the traditional one in that the user's identity cannot be directly identified in real space. Therefore, the need to ensure the authenticity of the user's identity is not negligible. Authentication technology is one of the effective technologies to verify the identity of users. However, there are few authentication schemes for the mobile office. Therefore, this paper proposes a trusted authentication scheme based on a super SIM card for the mobile office. Based on the Generic Bootstrapping Architecture (GBA) authentication technology of the super SIM card, the authentication between the terminal device and the operator is realized. The authentication credentials are generated to provide trusted authentication for mobile office applications. We also have a comprehensive security analysis and proof that the scheme satisfies two-way authentication, anti-replay attack, anti-forgery attack, anti-man-in-the-middle attack and non-repudiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the teaching path of the civics class in colleges and universities during the mobile Internet era, and uses a questionnaire survey to analyze the reality of current mobile Internet-based civics class instruction. The changes in the teaching of civics and political science classes under the influence of mobile internet are tracked and systematically analyzed in terms of differences. This study focuses on both the general effective education classroom and the effective education classroom in the mobile environment. It utilizes the Nvivo software to investigate the teaching styles of teachers and the interactions between teachers and students in these two learning modes. The results show that nearly 20% of the students are in schools that have not yet conducted mobile Internet civics instruction, and about 24.5% do not have political theory classes on mobile Internet teaching. In the context of mobile Internet, the habit of reading on a cell phone is increasing by 10% annually, and learners are paying the highest attention to public news sources, reaching 86.4%, which creates favorable conditions for teaching mobile Internet civics and politics. An effective education classroom in the mobile environment tends to be open; the ratio of teachers’ words to students’s words is about 2.09%, and teachers are more willing to use media resources, and network means to check students’ knowledge. And the classroom status is at 0%, and the teaching process is more stable.

This paper determines the solution vector of ELT proficiency constraint covariates using the correlation fusion approach, the proficiency prediction control objective function is constructed, and the education process’ quantitative recursive properties are discovered. The K-means algorithm is employed to obtain the predicted values of the resource limitation vector for ELT competence assessment, obtain the similarity of the distribution of teaching resources, combine linear regression grouping and integrate the ranking parameters for ELT competence assessment, obtain the characteristics of the data probability density, and finish evaluating the teaching model. The results show that the maximum utilization value reaches 99.03% by assessing English teaching ability through the K-means algorithm and linear regression, which indicates that the reasonable use of mobile Internet can enhance students’ English teaching level and ensure the efficiency of teaching resources utilization.

Addressing the global challenge of sustainable waste management, this research investigates the influence of social dynamics and digital connectivity on rural residents’ willingness to adopt waste classification practices, essential for sustainable environmental management. Through a comprehensive analysis of 5413 rural participants surveyed in the China Labor-force Dynamic Survey (CLDS), this study employs a novel mixed-methods approach. It integrates quantitative analysis with the Manski social interaction framework and a Recursive Bivariate Probit model to explore the intricate interplay between community interactions, internet access, and environmental behaviors. Our methodology stands out for its unique combination of social theory and econometric modeling to address a pressing environmental issue. Results highlight a significant effect of mobile internet use and social interactions within communities on enhancing willingness towards waste classification. Notably, digital connectivity emerges as a key facilitator of environmental engagement, mediating social influences, and fostering a collective approach to waste management. Considering these insights, we propose targeted policy interventions that blend digital strategies with traditional community engagement efforts. Recommendations include crafting digital literacy programs and leveraging social media to bolster community-centric environmental governance. By harnessing the synergistic potential of digital tools and social dynamics, these strategies aim to elevate the effectiveness of waste classification initiatives in rural China, offering a scalable model for environmental sustainability.

The behavior of users concerning mobile Internet varies significantly throughout the day. Results from existing studies—which generally simply segment one day into morning, afternoon, and evening—often provide inaccurate predictions of the behavior of users. To improve prediction accuracy, we propose a segment-based multi-state Markov (SBMSM) model for the dynamic time interval segmentation of the sequential behavior of users. The specific procedure of this proposed model can be described as follows: first, we divide each user's behaviors into minimum unit according to time dimension; then, we merge adjacent time intervals or ensure they are constant according to the similarities in behavior; and finally, a multi-state Markov (MSM) model is trained using the newly constructed data individually. The experimental results illustrate that for 95.78% of users, an SBMSM model performs much better than a naive MSM model and hidden Markov model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digital pathological scanners transform traditional glass slides into whole slide images (WSIs), which significantly improve the efficiency of pathological diagnosis and promote the development of digital pathology. However, the huge economic burden limits the spread and application of general WSI scanners in relatively remote and backward regions. In this paper, we develop an automatic portable cytopathology scanner based on mobile internet, Landing-Smart, to avert the above problems. Landing-Smart is a tiny device with a size of 208 mm × 107 mm × 104 mm and a weight of 1.8 kg, which integrates four main components including a smartphone, a glass slide carrier, an electric controller, and an optical imaging unit. By leveraging a simple optical imaging unit to substitute the sophisticated but complex conventional light microscope, the cost of Landing-Smart is less than $3000, much cheaper than general WSI scanners. On the one hand, Landing-Smart utilizes the built-in camera of the smartphone to acquire field of views (FoVs) in the section one by one. On the other hand, it uploads the images to the cloud server in real time via mobile internet, where the image processing and stitching method is implemented to generate the WSI of the cytological sample. The practical assessment of 209 cervical cytological specimens has demonstrated that Landing-Smart is comparable to general digital scanners in cytopathology diagnosis. Landing-Smart provides an effective tool for preliminary cytological screening in underdeveloped areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper firstly analyzes the comparative advantages of carpooling under the mobile Internet and traditional travel modes, including buses, private cars and taxis, as well as the differences between carpooling under the mobile Internet and traditional carpooling, so as to obtain the factors that affect travelers' mode choices. Secondly, the mixed logit model is used to describe the travelers' travel mode choice behavior, which effectively avoids the limitations of the IIA characteristics and preference randomness of the logit model. Finally, we conducted an SP survey on 1077 samples online and offline. After eliminating some invalid samples, 984 valid ones were obtained. Based on these survey data, we analyze the impacts of carpooling under the mobile Internet on the mode shares of traditional travel modes. The results show that for different trip lengths, carpooling under the mobile Internet has different degrees of substitution for buses, taxis and private cars. That is to say, travelers who previously chose buses and other modes will shift to carpooling due to the mobile Internet. In addition, in most cases, the emergence of carpooling under the mobile Internet is helpful to reduce the traffic volume in the urban road network, thus alleviating the urban congestion. However, when the trip length is short and the seat utilization ratio of carpooling under the mobile Internet is low, carpooling under the mobile Internet will increase the traffic volume. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Unconsciously, mobile Internet information influences college students' sports behavior and awareness, although the exact consequences have not been widely studied. The majority of the extant research focuses on behavioral science and sports communication. Using past research as a foundation, this study investigates the impact of mobile Internet on college students' sports behavior and awareness. In particular, a static structural analysis was performed on an intervention event network for the effect of mobile Internet on college students' sports behavior and awareness. Then, using system event analysis, a well-established method in complex system research, the interaction link between distinct intervention events in the network was investigated in depth, and the composite degree of effect between them was calculated. The core logic and action mechanism of the event-based hierarchy model were then revealed using the integrated fuzzy-interpretative structural model. Finally, experiments confirmed that the proposed paradigm was successful. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Smart farming for field crops is a significant part of the smart agriculture. It aims at crop production, integrating modern sensing technology, new generation mobile communication technology, computer and network technology, Internet of Things(IoT), big data, cloud computing, blockchain and expert wisdom and knowledge. Deeply integrated application of biotechnology, engineering technology, information technology and management technology, it realizes accurate perception, quantitative decision-making, intelligent operation and intelligent service in the process of crop production, to significantly improve land output, resource utilization and labor productivity, comprehensively improves the quality, and promotes efficiency of agricultural products. In order to promote the sustainable development of the smart farming, through the analysis of the development process of smart agriculture, the overall objectives and key tasks of the development strategy were clarified, the key technologies in smart farming were condensed. Analysis and breakthrough of smart farming key technologies were crucial to the industrial development strategy. The main problems of the smart farming for field crops include: the lack of in-situ accurate measurement technology and special agricultural sensors, the large difference between crop model and actual production, the instantaneity, reliability, universality, and stability of the information transmission technologies, and the combination of intelligent agricultural equipment with agronomy. Based on the above analysis, five primary technologies and eighteen corresponding secondary technologies of smart farming for field crops were proposed, including: sensing technologies of environmental and biological information in field, agricultural IoT technologies and mobile internet, cloud computing and cloud service technologies in agriculture, big data analysis and decision-making technology in agriculture, and intelligent agricultural machinery and agricultural robots in fireld production. According to the characteristics of China's cropping region, the corresponding smart farming development strategies were proposed: large-scale smart production development zone in the Northeast region and Inner Mongolia region, smart urban agriculture and water-saving agriculture development zone in the region of Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei and Shandong, large-scale smart farming of cotton and smart dry farming green development comprehensive test zone in the Northwest arid region, smart farming of rice comprehensive development test zone in the Southeast coast region, and characteristic smart farming development zone in the Southwest mountain region. Finally, the suggestions were given from the perspective of infrastructure, key technology, talent and policy.

The article is devoted to the process of development of the Chinese e-commerce market in the structure of the Chinese economy. The process of formation and development of the Chinese e-commerce market is researched and analyzed, and the main events of the new stage of the Chinese e-commerce market are considered. At the same time, a justification is given for distinguishing two stages in the development of this market. The reasons for the successful development of Chinese companies in the field of e-commerce were identified, and China’s leading platforms in three types of e-commerce were studied: B2C, B2B, C2C. The study showed the great importance of e-commerce in the development of the Chinese economy, as it contributed to solving the most important tasks such as eliminating poverty, raising the living standards of both the urban and rural population.Aim. To explore the process of formation and development of Chinese e-commerce market.Tasks. To study and analyze the formation and development of e-commerce market, as well as to consider main events of a new stage of its development in the structure of the Chinese economy.Methods. In this work, we used such empirical methods as comparative analysis, such theoretical research methods as deduction; the method of historical analysis was used, as well as statistical methods and general logical methods (analysis and synthesis).Results. The study showed the great importance of e-commerce in the development of Chinese economy. It contributes to solution of such critical tasks as raising the living standards of both urban and rural populations, eradicating widespread poverty, etc. China is the world’s leader in terms of retail e-commerce. «Alibaba Group» has been the leader in B2B, B2C and C2C for many years. Today, Chinese companies are leaders in the global e-commerce markets. Results of the study are based on the analysis of information obtained from various available sources, including official statistics.Conclusion. The importance of e-commerce in the development of the Chinese economy in the 21st century is great. And this, in our opinion, is the merit of Chinese government, which supports development of the country’s technical progress, including development of e-commerce. Moreover, China’s transition to mobile Internet has accelerated development of e-commerce. At the same time, important factors in accelerating the development of this industry are active competition of companies in this area, support from private entrepreneurs in other countries and, most importantly, support from Chinese government. And all this has contributed to the fact that the Chinese e-commerce market has developed faster than e-markets of other countries.

With the rapid development of the Mobile Internet and the Industrial Internet of Things, a variety of applications put forward an urgent demand for user and device identity recognition. Digital identity with hidden characteristics is essential for both individual users and physical devices. With the assistance of multimodalities as well as fusion strategies, identity recognition can be more reliable and robust. In this survey, we turn to investigate the concepts and limitations of unimodal identity recognition, the motivation, and advantages of multimodal identity recognition, and summarize the recognition technologies and applications via feature level, match score level, decision level, and rank level data fusion strategies. Additionally, we also discuss the security concerns and future research orientations of learning-based identity recognition, which enables researchers to achieve a better understanding of the current status of this field and select future research directions. This survey summarizes and expands the fusion processing technologies and methods for multi-source and multimodality data, and provides theoretical support for their applications in complicated scenarios. In addition, it enables researchers to achieve a better understanding of the current research status of this field and select proper future research directions. • User identity recognition by leveraging physiological and behavioral biometrics. • Device identity recognition by leveraging physical fingerprint. • Multi-modality data fusion strategies by combining multi-level semantic information. • Security concerns and future work towards learning-based identity recognition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Social Sciences Institute / Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi is the property of Bingol University / Rectorate and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

With the rapid development of the mobile Internet, people's demand for information is increasing, and the traditional fitness model is unable to meet the development needs of society. In this study, mobile Internet technology is used to build a new type of green intelligent fitness system. The system can collect users' fitness data and upload the data to the cloud server. And users can obtain their exercise data and their ranks at any time through mobile APP to realize data sharing. At the same time, WebSocket technology is used to realize real-time updates of data, and a collaborative filtering recommendation algorithm is used to analyze users' rating data and recommend intelligent fitness equipment for users. It is found that the system constructed in this study uses the computing power of multiple nodes in the cluster to analyze the fitness data on the cluster rapidly. Based on the collaborative filtering algorithm, the analysis of users is realized, and the recommendation accuracy is up to 89%. This study first puts forward the combination of mobile Internet and traditional fitness industry, which provides a reliable way to promote the development of national fitness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The mobile internet has already become an important technology due to the higher internet users and the several benefits of the adoption. However, the investigation on the adoption of mobile internet and the exploration of the internet adoption on palm oil productivity is relatively rare. This study aims to determine the factors influencing mobile internet adoption and its implication on the productivity of palm oil farmers. There are two techniques used to achieve the aim of this study, namely logistic regression and linear multiple regression. This research involved 119 palm oil farmers in Siak Regency. The result is that palm oil farmers' adoption of mobile internet is determined by education, training size, ease of use, and productivity. The mobile internet adoption has not significantly affected the productivity of palm oil farmers. This research only limited in mobile internet usage due to the higher of trend in this technology. Therefore, the further research could be applied by using another technology related on internet access. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]