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Celem badań była ocena stanu mikrobiologicznego (liczba bakterii heterotrofi cznych, promieniowców, pleśni) i biochemicznego (aktywność ureazy i fosfatazy kwaśnej) torfu z domieszką kompostów wytworzonych na bazie osadu ściekowego. Ponadto celem badań było wykazanie wpływu niniejszych podłoży na cechy morfologiczne szałwii błyszczącej (wysokość, liczba i długości pędów, liczba pąków i kwiatostanów, indeks zazielenienia (SPAD)). Komposty wyprodukowane z osadu ściekowego, słomy pszennej, kukurydzianej i łubinowej zmieszano z torfem w różnym udziale procentowym, od 25% do 75%.

W pracy przedstawiono charakterystykę ekochemicznego stanu i potencjału zagrożenia gleb na terenie ferm gęsi, na podstawie monitoringu obejmującego dotychczasowy, 15-letni cykl pomiarowy. Wykazano, że postępująca z upływem lat badań inaktywacja enzymatyczna gleb na fermach wiązała się istotnie z bardzo wysoką zawartością azotu mineralnego i przyswajalnych form fosforu. Obserwowana z upływem czasu wyraźna tendencja do wzrostu zawartości metali ciężkich w glebach na fermach i w ich bezpośrednim sąsiedztwie stanowi poważne zagrożenie dla środowiska

The aim of this study was to determine the influence of reclamation on selected soil water properties in soils developed from lignite fly ash, deposited as a dry landfill, twenty years after forest reclamation was initiated. Five soil profiles, classified as technogenic soils (Technosols) within the fly ash disposal site of the Adamów (central Poland) power plant, were selected for this study. Disturbed and undisturbed samples (V=100 cm3) were collected from depths of 5-15 cm and 30-60 in each soil profile. The following physical properties were determined: particle size distribution, particle density, bulk density, soil moisture, hygroscopic water content, and the soil-water potential. Readily available water (RAW; difference of water content at pF=2.0 and at pF=3.7) and total available water (TAW; difference of water content at pF=2.0 and at pF=4.2) were calculated based on soil moisture tension (pF) values. The following chemical properties were determined: soil reaction, total organic carbon, total nitrogen content, carbonate content. Statistical analyses were conducted using the GenStat 18 statistical software package. The soils under study were characterized by very low bulk density, high total porosity, high field water capacity and maximum hygroscopicity. The RAW/TAW ratio values indicate very effective water retention in the soils, thereby ensuring a satisfactory water supply to the plants. However, statistical analysis did not show any clear trends in variability of any determined properties. The small differences in observed outcomes probably resulted from the original variability of the fly ash deposited on the studied landfill. Obtained results show the strong similarity of fly ash derived soils and Andosols in respect of physical and soil-water properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the study was to analyse the enzymatic activity of dehydrogenases, urease, alkaline phosphatase and proteases in post-mining soils. Moreover determined the count of heterotrophic bacteria, moulds, actinobacteria and bacteria of the Azotobacter sp. genus. The research was conducted between 2015 and 2017 in experimental areas of the Pątnów dump, which belongs to the Department of Soil Science and Land Reclamation, Poznań University of Life Sciences. Soil samples for analysis were collected at depths of 0-30 cm and 30-60 cm. The first factor under analysis was two simplified crop rotation systems, i.e. a rapeseed and cereal system (alternating cultivation of wheat and winter rapeseed) and a forage and cereal system (the cultivation of alfalfa with grasses for four years followed by the growing of winter wheat for the next two years). The second factor under analysis was three sub-blocks with increasing mineral fertilisation levels: 0NPK, 1NPK and 2NPK. The research results were analysed by means of one-way analysis of variance. Homogeneous groups were identified with the Tukey test at a significance level α=0.05. The Statistica 13.1 program was used for statistical calculations. The post-mining soils were classified as Calcaric Regosols (IUSS Working Group WRB, 2015). The microbiological activity of the soils exhibited high variability both in the growing season and in the subsequent years of the research. The forage and cereal crop rotation system had better effect on the soil microbiological and biochemical activity than the other system. Therefore, feed and cereal crop rotation is recommended for the reclamation of soils in internal post-mining dumps. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of the study was to determine the dynamics of the enzymatic activity in a substrate containing a microbiological inoculum (Effective Microorganisms - EM) intended to improve French marigold growth and flowering. The material used in the study was peat substrate of 5.5-6.0 pH into which plants were planted and then inoculated with different doses of the EM biofertilizer (1 : 10, 1 : 50, 1 : 100). Samples of the substrate on which experimental plants were cultivated were collected during the following three phases: the phase of seedling planting, the phase of vegetative growth and the phase of flowering. The scope of investigations comprised determination of the activity of dehydrogenases, urease and acid phosphatase activity by the spectrophotometric method. In addition, the following plant morphological analyses were performed: plant height, shoot number and length, number of buds and inflorescences, and leaf greenness index (SPAD). It was found that the phase of plant development was proved to be the main determinant of the activity of the enzymes under study. The EM biofertilizer had positive effect on the acid phosphatase activity. However, the preparation did not have stimulating effect on the activity of urease or dehydrogenases. The EM biofertilizer concentrated at 1 : 100 and applied into the soil and foliage resulted in a larger number of darker leaves and greater number of inflorescences on the plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study presents counts of different groups of microorganisms occurring in the upper horizon of black earth (Phaeozems) following long-term maize monoculture growing under various tillage regimes (A -- direct sowing, B -- direct sowing with introduction after 10 years (2008) of a single autumn deep ploughing, C -- direct sowing with introduction after 10 years (2008) of a single autumn deep ploughing together with a full dose of farmyard manure). Samples were collected from two depths (0-15 and 15-30 cm). Numbers of oligotrophs, copiotrophs, actinomycetes and fungi against the background of soil basic physico-chemical properties were determined. The obtained research results were subjected to statistical analysis. It was found that principal physico-chemical properties of the examined soil were, generally speaking, similar. In addition, no significant differences between the numbers of many groups of microorganisms and methods of cultivation were observed irrespective of the depth of soil samples collection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the presented study, three methods of copper fractionation -- Tessier et al., BCR, and Zeien-Brümmer -- were compared. The object of experiments comprised soil samples collected from the drilling level (0-25 cm) of soils situated at two transects (eastern and western) and at different distances from the source of emission (i.e. shaft furnace chimneys) near the Legnica Copper Smelter. Copper content was determined by the AAS method using appropriate reference materials. A significant dependence was found in the copper concentration at a distance from the emitter that declined markedly at points more distant from it. Mean values of copper in individual fractions as well as confidence intervals exhibited a higher similarity between Tessier et al. and Zeien-Brümmer methods. In the case of all methods, copper quantities in fraction B (associated with Fe and Mn oxides) and C fractions (associated with organic matter) were similar. In the remaining fractions, i.e. A (easily exchangeable and carbonate) and D (residual), considerably greater differences were determined. The performed solubility indices analysis (fraction A/Σ fraction A+B+C+D) revealed that the results obtained using the Tessier et al. method differed considerably from those obtained by employing BCR and Zeien-Brümmer procedures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]