20 results on '"Modak, Ashimananda"'
Search Results
2. Martian Atmospheric Aerosols Composition and Distribution Retrievals During the First Martian Year of NOMAD/TGO Solar Occultation Measurements: 2. Extended Results, End of MY 34 and First Half of MY 35
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Stolzenbach, Aurélien, primary, López Valverde, Miguel‐Angel, additional, Brines, Adrian, additional, Modak, Ashimananda, additional, Funke, Bernd, additional, González‐Galindo, Francisco, additional, Thomas, Ian, additional, Liuzzi, Giuliano, additional, Villanueva, Gerónimo, additional, Luginin, Mikhail, additional, Aoki, Shohei, additional, Grabowski, Udo, additional, Lopez Moreno, José Juan, additional, Rodriguez‐Gomez, Julio, additional, Wolff, Mike, additional, Ristic, Bojan, additional, Daerden, Frank, additional, Bellucci, Giancarlo, additional, Patel, Manish, additional, and Vandaele, Ann‐Carine, additional
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- 2023
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- View/download PDF
3. Martian Atmospheric Aerosols Composition and Distribution Retrievals During the First Martian Year of NOMAD/TGO Solar Occultation Measurements: 1. Methodology and Application to the MY 34 Global Dust Storm
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Stolzenbach, Aurélien, primary, López Valverde, Miguel‐Angel, additional, Brines, Adrian, additional, Modak, Ashimananda, additional, Funke, Bernd, additional, González‐Galindo, Francisco, additional, Thomas, Ian, additional, Liuzzi, Giuliano, additional, Villanueva, Gerónimo, additional, Luginin, Mikhail, additional, Aoki, Shohei, additional, Grabowski, Udo, additional, Lopez Moreno, José Juan, additional, Rodrìguez Gòmez, Julio, additional, Wolff, Mike, additional, Ristic, Bojan, additional, Daerden, Frank, additional, Bellucci, Giancarlo, additional, Patel, Manish, additional, and Vandaele, Ann‐Carine, additional
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- 2023
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4. Martian atmospheric temperature and density profiles during the 1st year of NOMAD/TGO solar occultation measurements
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López-Valverde, M. A., Funke, Bernd, Brines, Adrian, Stolzenbach, Aurélien, Modak, Ashimananda, Hill, Brittany, González-Galindo, F., Thomas, Ian R., Trompet, Loic, Aoki, Shohei, Villanueva, Geronimo L., Liuzzi, Giuliano, Erwin, Justin T., Grabowski, Udo, Forget, François, López-Moreno, José Juan, Rodríguez Gómez, Julio, Ristic, Bojan, Daerden, Frank, Bellucci, Giancarlo, Patel, Manish R., Vandaele, Ann Carine, The NOMAD Team, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), European Commission, European Space Agency, Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy, Belgian Science Policy Office, UK Space Agency, Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, López-Valverde, M. A., Funke, Bernd, Brines, Adrian, Stolzenbach, Aurélien, Modak, Ashimananda, González-Galindo, F., Thomas, Ian R., Trompet, Loic, Aoki, Shohei, Villanueva, Geronimo L., Liuzzi, Giuliano, Erwin, Justin T., Ristic, Bojan, Daerden, Frank, and Patel, Manish R.
- Abstract
We present vertical profiles of temperature and density from solar occultation (SO) observations by the “Nadir and Occultation for Mars Discovery” (NOMAD) spectrometer on board the Trace Gas Orbiter (TGO) during its first operational year, which covered the second half of Mars Year 34. We used calibrated transmittance spectra in 380 scans, and apply an in-house pre-processing to clean data systematics. Temperature and CO2 profiles up to about 90 km, with consistent hydrostatic adjustment, are obtained, after adapting an Earth-tested retrieval scheme to Mars conditions. Both pre-processing and retrieval are discussed to illustrate their performance and robustness. Our results reveal the large impact of the MY34 Global Dust Storm (GDS), which warmed the atmosphere at all altitudes. The large GDS aerosols opacity limited the sounding of tropospheric layers. The retrieved temperatures agree well with global climate models (GCM) at tropospheric altitudes, but NOMAD mesospheric temperatures are wavier and globally colder by 10 K in the perihelion season, particularly during the GDS and its decay phase. We observe a warm layer around 80 km during the Southern Spring, especially in the Northern Hemisphere morning terminator, associated to large thermal tides, significantly stronger than in the GCM. Cold mesospheric pockets, close to CO2 condensation temperatures, are more frequently observed than in the GCM. NOMAD CO2 densities show oscillations upon a seasonal trend that track well the latitudinal variations expected. Results uncertainties and suggestions to improve future data re-analysis are briefly discussed., The IAA/CSIC team acknowledges financial support from the State Agency for Research686of the Spanish MCI through the ‘Center of Excellence Severe Ochoa’ award for the687Instituto de Astrof ́ısica de Andalucia (DEV-2017-0709) and funding by grants688PGC2018-101836-B-100 (MCI/AEI/FEDER, EU),689PID2019-110689RB-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, and RTI2018-100920-J-I00.690ExoMars is a space mission of the European Space Agency (ESA) and Roscosmos. The691NOMAD experiment is led by the Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy692(IASB-BIRA), assisted by Co-PI teams from Spain (IAA-CSIC), Italy (IN AF-IA PS), and693the United Kingdom (Open University). This project acknowledges funding by the Belgian694Science Policy Office (BELLS), with the financial and contractual coordination by the695ESAU Prod ex Office (PEA 4000103401, 4000121493) as well as by UK Space Agency696through grants ST/V002295/1, ST/V005332/1 and ST/S00145X/1 and Italian Space697Agency through grant 2018-2-HHS.0. US investigators were supported by the National698Aeronautics and Space Administration. This work was supported by the Belgian Funds de699la Recherche Scientific – FIRS under grant number 30442502 (ETHOME). This project700has received funding from the European Union Horizon 2020 research and innovation701program under grant agreement No 101004052 (Road Map project). We want to thank the702LMD and LATMOS teams for the continuous development of the LMD-MGCM.
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- 2022
5. Retrieval of Martian Atmospheric CO Vertical Profiles From NOMAD Observations During the First Year of TGO Operations
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Modak, Ashimananda, primary, López‐Valverde, Miguel Angel, additional, Brines, Adrian, additional, Stolzenbach, Aurélien, additional, Funke, Bernd, additional, González‐Galindo, Francisco, additional, Hill, Brittany, additional, Aoki, Shohei, additional, Thomas, Ian, additional, Liuzzi, Giuliano, additional, Villanueva, Gerónimo, additional, Erwin, Justin, additional, Lopez Moreno, José Juan, additional, Yoshida, Nao, additional, Grabowski, Udo, additional, Forget, Francois, additional, Daerden, Frank, additional, Ristic, Bojan, additional, Bellucci, Giancarlo, additional, Patel, Manish, additional, Trompet, Loic, additional, and Vandaele, Ann‐Carine, additional
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- 2023
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6. Martian Atmospheric Temperature and Density Profiles During the First Year of NOMAD/TGO Solar Occultation Measurements
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NOMAD Team, López-Valverde, Miguel Angel, Funke, Bernd, Brines, Adrian, Stolzenbach, Aurèlien, Modak, Ashimananda, Hill, Brittany, González-Galindo, Francisco, Thomas, Ian, Trompet, Loic, Aoki, Shohei, Villanueva, Gerónimo, Liuzzi, Giuliano, Erwin, Justin, Grabowski, Udo, Forget, Francois, López-Moreno, José Juan, Rodriguez-Gómez, Julio, Ristic, Bojan, Daerden, Frank, Bellucci, Giancarlo, Patel, Manish, Vandaele, Ann-Carine, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), European Commission, Belgian Science Policy Office, and UK Space Agency
- Subjects
Atmosphere ,IAA ,KOPRA ,Temperature ,Mars ,Density ,ExoMars/TGO ,Earth sciences ,RCP ,Geophysics ,IMK-ASF-SAT ,Remote sounding ,Atmospheric structure ,Space and Planetary Science ,Geochemistry and Petrology ,ddc:550 ,TGO ,Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous) ,NOMAD ,Planetary atmospheres - Abstract
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited., We present vertical profiles of temperature and density from solar occultation (SO) observations by the “Nadir and Occultation for Mars Discovery” (NOMAD) spectrometer on board the Trace Gas Orbiter during its first operational year, which covered the second half of Mars Year 34. We used calibrated transmittance spectra in 380 scans, and apply an in-house pre-processing to clean data systematics. Temperature and CO2 profiles up to about 90 km, with consistent hydrostatic adjustment, are obtained, after adapting an Earth-tested retrieval scheme to Mars conditions. Both pre-processing and retrieval are discussed to illustrate their performance and robustness. Our results reveal the large impact of the MY34 Global Dust Storm (GDS), which warmed the atmosphere at all altitudes. The large GDS aerosols opacity limited the sounding of tropospheric layers. The retrieved temperatures agree well with global climate models (GCM) at tropospheric altitudes, but NOMAD mesospheric temperatures are wavier and globally colder by 10 K in the perihelion season, particularly during the GDS and its decay phase. We observe a warm layer around 80 km during the Southern Spring, especially in the Northern Hemisphere morning terminator, associated to large thermal tides, significantly stronger than in the GCM. Cold mesospheric pockets, close to CO2 condensation temperatures, are more frequently observed than in the GCM. NOMAD CO2 densities show oscillations upon a seasonal trend that track well the latitudinal variations expected. Results uncertainties and suggestions to improve future data re-analysis are briefly discussed. © 2022 The Authors. This article has been contributed to by U.S. Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA., The IAA/CSIC team acknowledges financial support from the State Agency for Research of the Spanish MCI through the ‘Center of Excellence Severe Ochoa’ award for the Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucia (DEV-2017-0709) and funding by grants PGC2018-101836-B-100 (MCI/AEI/FEDER, EU), PID2019-110689RB-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, and RTI2018-100920-J-I00. ExoMars is a space mission of the European Space Agency (ESA) and Roscosmos. The NOMAD experiment is led by the Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy (IASB-BIRA), assisted by Co-PI teams from Spain (IAA-CSIC), Italy (INAF-IAPS), and the United Kingdom (Open University). This project acknowledges funding by the Belgian Science Policy Office (BELLS), with the financial and contractual coordination by the ESAU Prod ex Office (PEA 4000103401, 4000121493) as well as by UK Space Agency through Grant ST/V002295/1, ST/V005332/1 and ST/S00145X/1 and Italian Space Agency through Grant 2018-2-HHS.0. US investigators were supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. This work was supported by the Belgian Funds de la Recherche Scientific—FIRS under Grant 30442502 (ET_HOME). This project has received funding from the European Union Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No 101004052 (Road Map project)., With funding from the Spanish government through the "Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence" accreditation (CEX2021-001131-S).
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- 2023
7. CO distributions retrieved from TGO NOMAD SO using multiple orders
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Yoshida, Nao, primary, Aoki, Shohei, additional, Vandaele, Ann Carine, additional, Nakagawa, Hiromu, additional, Thomas, Ian, additional, Erwin, Justin, additional, Daerden, Frank, additional, Trompet, Loïc, additional, Murata, Isao, additional, Terada, Naoki, additional, Neary, Lori, additional, Lopez-Valverde, Miguel, additional, Modak, Ashimananda, additional, Villanueva, Geronimo, additional, Liuzzi, Giuliano, additional, Kasaba, Yasumasa, additional, Patel, Manish, additional, Ristic, Bojan, additional, Bellucci, Giancarlo, additional, and López-Moreno, Jusé Juan, additional
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- 2022
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8. Characterization of the Martian mesosphere with NOMAD/TGO observations and a Global Climate Model
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González-Galindo, Francisco, primary, López-Valverde, Miguel Ángel, additional, Brines, Adrián, additional, Modak, Ashimananda, additional, Stolzenbach, Aurélien, additional, Funke, Bernd, additional, López-Moreno, José Juan, additional, Forget, Francois, additional, Millour, Ehouarn, additional, Lefèvre, Franck, additional, Vals, Margaux, additional, Montmessin, Franck, additional, Patel, Manish, additional, Bellucci, Giancarlo, additional, and Vandaele, Ann-Carine, additional
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- 2022
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9. Vertical distribution of atmospheric temperature and density from the solar occultation instruments NOMAD and ACS on board the Trace Gas Orbiter
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Lopez-Valverde, Miguel Angel, primary, Funke, Bernd, additional, Brines, Adrian, additional, Stolzenbach, Aurélien, additional, Modak, Ashimananda, additional, Gonzalez-Galindo, Francisco, additional, Aoki, Shohei, additional, Trompet, Loic, additional, Thomas, Ian, additional, Villanueva, Gerónimo, additional, Liuzzi, Giuliano, additional, Belyaev, Denis, additional, Olsen, Kevin, additional, Trokhimovsky, Alexander, additional, Lopez-Moreno, Jose Juan, additional, Vandaele, Ann Carine, additional, Patel, Manish, additional, Bellucci, Giancarlo, additional, Korablev, Oleg, additional, and Montmessin, Franck, additional
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- 2022
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10. Composition and size of Martian aerosols as seen in the IR from solar occultation measurements by NOMAD onboard TGO
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stolzenbach, aurélien, primary, López Valverde, Miguel-Angel, additional, Brines, Adrian, additional, Modak, Ashimananda, additional, Funke, Bernd, additional, González-Galindo, Francisco, additional, Thomas, Ian, additional, Liuzzi, Giuliano, additional, Villanueva, Geronimo, additional, Luginin, Mikhail, additional, and Aoki, Shohei, additional
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- 2022
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11. Mapping of Martian CO from NOMAD solar occultation measurements for MY35 and 36
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Modak, Ashimananda, primary, Lopez-Valverde, Miguel-Angel, additional, Brines, Adrian, additional, Stolzenbach, Aurelien, additional, Funke, Bernd, additional, Gonzalez-Galindo, Francisco, additional, Lopez-Moreno, Jose-Juan, additional, Aoki, Shohe, additional, Villanueva, Geronimo, additional, Liuzzi, Giuliano, additional, Bellucci, Giancarlo, additional, Yoshida, Nao, additional, Erwin, Justin, additional, Trompet, Loic, additional, Thomas, Ian, additional, Daerden, Frank, additional, Ristic, Bojan, additional, Patel, Manish, additional, Vandaele, Ann Carine, additional, and Montmessin, Franck, additional
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- 2022
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12. Variations in Vertical CO/CO2 Profiles in the Martian Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere Measured by the ExoMars TGO/NOMAD: Implications of Variations in Eddy Diffusion Coefficient
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Yoshida, Nao, Nakagawa, Hiromu, Aoki, Shohei, Erwin, Justin, Vandaele, Ann Carine, Daerden, Frank, Thomas, Ian, Trompet, Loïc, Koyama, Shungo, Terada, Naoki, Neary, Lori, Murata, Isao, Villanueva, Geronimo, Liuzzi, Giuliano, Lopez‐Valverde, Miguel Angel, Brines, Adrian, Modak, Ashimananda, Kasaba, Yasumasa, Ristic, Bojan, Bellucci, Giancarlo, López‐Moreno, José Juan, Patel, Manish, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), European Commission, Belgian Science Policy Office, UK Space Agency, and Agenzia Spaziale Italiana
- Subjects
Geophysics ,Retrieval ,Atmospheric composition ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Mars ,Eddy diffusion coefficient ,Spectroscopy ,Mesosphere - Abstract
This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited., Using the Nadir and Occultation for MArs Discovery instrument aboard Trace Gas Orbiter, we derived the CO/CO2 profiles between 75 and 105 km altitude with the equivalent width technique. The derived CO/CO2 profiles showed significant seasonal variations in the southern hemisphere with decreases near perihelion and increases near aphelion. The estimation of the CO/CO2 profiles with a one-dimensional photochemical model shows that an altitude-dependent eddy diffusion coefficient better reproduces the observed profiles than a vertically uniform one. Our estimation suggests that the eddy diffusion coefficient in Ls = 240–270 is uniformly larger by a factor of ∼2 than that in Ls = 90–120 in the southern hemisphere, while they are comparable in the northern hemisphere. This fact demonstrates that the eddy diffusion coefficient is variable with season and latitude. © 2022. The Authors., The NOMAD experiment is led by the Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy (IASB-BIRA), assisted by Co-PI teams from Spain (IAA-CSIC), Italy (INAF-IAPS), and the United Kingdom (Open University). This project acknowledges funding by the Belgian Science Policy Office (BELSPO), with the financial and contractual coordination by the ESA Prodex Office (PEA 4000103401, 4000121493), by Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (MCIU) and by European funds under Grants PGC2018-101836-B-I00 and ESP2017-87143-R (MINECO/FEDER), as well as by UK Space Agency through Grants ST/V002295/1, ST/V005332/1, and ST/S00145x/1 and Italian Space Agency through Grant 2018-2-HH.0. This work was supported by the Belgian Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique–FNRS under Grant No. 30442502 (ET_HOME). The IAA/CSIC team acknowledges financial support from the State Agency for Research of the Spanish MCIU through the “Center of Excellence Severo Ochoa” award for the Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (SEV-2017-0709). US investigators were supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Canadian investigators were supported by the Canadian Space Agency. Y. N. is supported by The international Joint Graduate Program in Earth and Environmental Sciences, Tohoku University (GP-EES), and the Japanese Society for the Promotion of Science (JP21J13710). This work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Nos. 20H04605 and 19K03943.
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- 2022
13. Variations in Vertical CO/CO 2 Profiles in the Martian Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere Measured by the ExoMars TGO/NOMAD: Implications of Variations in Eddy Diffusion Coefficient
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Yoshida, Nao, primary, Nakagawa, Hiromu, additional, Aoki, Shohei, additional, Erwin, Justin, additional, Vandaele, Ann Carine, additional, Daerden, Frank, additional, Thomas, Ian, additional, Trompet, Loïc, additional, Koyama, Shungo, additional, Terada, Naoki, additional, Neary, Lori, additional, Murata, Isao, additional, Villanueva, Geronimo, additional, Liuzzi, Giuliano, additional, Lopez‐Valverde, Miguel Angel, additional, Brines, Adrian, additional, Modak, Ashimananda, additional, Kasaba, Yasumasa, additional, Ristic, Bojan, additional, Bellucci, Giancarlo, additional, López‐Moreno, José Juan, additional, and Patel, Manish, additional
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- 2022
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14. Martian Atmospheric Temperature and Density Profiles During the First Year of NOMAD/TGO Solar Occultation Measurements.
- Author
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López‐Valverde, Miguel Angel, Funke, Bernd, Brines, Adrian, Stolzenbach, Aurèlien, Modak, Ashimananda, Hill, Brittany, González‐Galindo, Francisco, Thomas, Ian, Trompet, Loic, Aoki, Shohei, Villanueva, Gerónimo, Liuzzi, Giuliano, Erwin, Justin, Grabowski, Udo, Forget, Francois, López‐Moreno, José Juan, Rodriguez‐Gómez, Julio, Ristic, Bojan, Daerden, Frank, and Bellucci, Giancarlo
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ATMOSPHERIC temperature ,ATMOSPHERIC density ,CLIMATE change models ,FRONTS (Meteorology) ,DUST storms ,GLOBAL warming - Abstract
We present vertical profiles of temperature and density from solar occultation (SO) observations by the "Nadir and Occultation for Mars Discovery" (NOMAD) spectrometer on board the Trace Gas Orbiter during its first operational year, which covered the second half of Mars Year 34. We used calibrated transmittance spectra in 380 scans, and apply an in‐house pre‐processing to clean data systematics. Temperature and CO2 profiles up to about 90 km, with consistent hydrostatic adjustment, are obtained, after adapting an Earth‐tested retrieval scheme to Mars conditions. Both pre‐processing and retrieval are discussed to illustrate their performance and robustness. Our results reveal the large impact of the MY34 Global Dust Storm (GDS), which warmed the atmosphere at all altitudes. The large GDS aerosols opacity limited the sounding of tropospheric layers. The retrieved temperatures agree well with global climate models (GCM) at tropospheric altitudes, but NOMAD mesospheric temperatures are wavier and globally colder by 10 K in the perihelion season, particularly during the GDS and its decay phase. We observe a warm layer around 80 km during the Southern Spring, especially in the Northern Hemisphere morning terminator, associated to large thermal tides, significantly stronger than in the GCM. Cold mesospheric pockets, close to CO2 condensation temperatures, are more frequently observed than in the GCM. NOMAD CO2 densities show oscillations upon a seasonal trend that track well the latitudinal variations expected. Results uncertainties and suggestions to improve future data re‐analysis are briefly discussed. Plain Language Summary: The detailed variation of temperature and density with altitude is of paramount importance to characterize the atmospheric state and to constrain the chemistry and dynamics as a whole. The Nadir and Occultation for Mars Discovery (NOMAD) instrument on board the Trace Gas Orbiter (TGO) has among its key targets the characterization of the thermal state with unprecedented vertical resolution. This is the target of this work, where we analyzed transmittance spectra obtained from the NOMAD solar occultation channel, with a state‐of‐the‐art retrieval scheme, adapted from Earth to Mars conditions and geometry. We applied it to the first year of TGO observations, which covered the last two Mars seasons of Mars Year 34. The results permit to study the temperature structure up to 90 km and its seasonal and latitudinal variations, revealing the impact of the MY34 Global Dust Storm, a warm layer at mesospheric altitudes not present in climate models, more frequent cold pockets than in current global climate models, and generally, colder temperature at those altitudes, all of which can be of importance for the validation of these climate models. Key Points: Temperature and density profiles up to 90 km are retrieved from Nadir and Occultation for Mars Discovery (NOMAD) first year of solar occultations, covering two seasons of Mars Year 34NOMAD temperatures agree well with climate model predictions below 50 km but are wavier and globally colder by about 10 K at high altitudesWe report large thermal tides producing warm layers at 80 km in the morning terminator. Also strong warming by the 2018 global dust storm [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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15. Retrieval of Martian CO vertical profiles from NOMAD solar occultation measurements
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Modak, Ashimananda, primary, Lopez-Valverde, Miguel Angel, additional, Funke, Bernd, additional, Hill, Brittany, additional, Brines, Adrian, additional, Stolzenbach, Aurelien, additional, Gonzalez-Galindo, Francisco, additional, Lopez Moreno, Jose Juan, additional, Erwin, Justin, additional, Trompet, Loic, additional, Thomas, Ian, additional, Daerden, Frank, additional, Vandaele, Ann Carine, additional, Ristic, Bojan, additional, Villanueva, Geronimo, additional, Liuzzi, Giuliano, additional, Bellucci, Giancarlo, additional, and Patel, Manish, additional
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- 2021
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16. Martian water vapor vertical profiles from solar occultation measurements by NOMAD onboard TGO/ExoMars: H2O-Temperature retrievals with the IAA-KOPRA forward model
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Brines, Adrian, primary, Lopez-Valverde, Miguel Angel, additional, Stolzenbach, Aurélien, additional, Modak, Ashimananda, additional, Hill, Brittany, additional, Funke, Bernd, additional, González-Galindo, Francisco, additional, Lopez Moreno, Jose Juan, additional, Aoki, Shohei, additional, Vandaele, Ann Carine, additional, Daerden, Frank, additional, Thomas, Ian, additional, Erwin, Justin, additional, Trompet, Loïc, additional, Ristic, Bojan, additional, Villanueva, Gerónimo, additional, Liuzzi, Giuliano, additional, Patel, Manish, additional, and Bellucci, Giancarlo, additional
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- 2021
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17. CO2 and Temperature vertical profiles in the Martian atmosphere from solar occultation measurements at 2.7 micron by instruments NOMAD and ACS on board the Exomars Trace Gas Orbiter
- Author
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Lopez-Valverde, Miguel Angel, primary, Hill, Brittany, additional, Funke, Bernd, additional, González-Galindo, Francisco, additional, Brines, Adrian, additional, Stolzenbach, Aurélien, additional, Modak, Ashimananda, additional, López-Moreno, José Juan, additional, Trompet, Loic, additional, Aoki, Shohei, additional, Thomas, Ian, additional, Vandaele, Ann Carine, additional, Villanueva, Gerónimo, additional, Belyaev, Denis, additional, Trokhimovskiy, Alexander, additional, Korablev, Oleg, additional, Olsen, Kevin, additional, Montmessin, Franck, additional, Bellucci, Giancarlo, additional, and Patel, Manish, additional
- Published
- 2021
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18. Variations in Vertical CO/CO2 Profiles in the Martian Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere Measured by the ExoMars TGO/NOMAD: Implications of Variations in Eddy Diffusion Coefficient.
- Author
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Yoshida, Nao, Nakagawa, Hiromu, Aoki, Shohei, Erwin, Justin, Vandaele, Ann Carine, Daerden, Frank, Thomas, Ian, Trompet, Loïc, Koyama, Shungo, Terada, Naoki, Neary, Lori, Murata, Isao, Villanueva, Geronimo, Liuzzi, Giuliano, Lopez‐Valverde, Miguel Angel, Brines, Adrian, Modak, Ashimananda, Kasaba, Yasumasa, Ristic, Bojan, and Bellucci, Giancarlo
- Subjects
DIFFUSION coefficients ,MESOSPHERE ,TRACE gases ,THERMOSPHERE ,MIDDLE atmosphere ,EDDIES - Abstract
Using the Nadir and Occultation for MArs Discovery instrument aboard Trace Gas Orbiter, we derived the CO/CO2 profiles between 75 and 105 km altitude with the equivalent width technique. The derived CO/CO2 profiles showed significant seasonal variations in the southern hemisphere with decreases near perihelion and increases near aphelion. The estimation of the CO/CO2 profiles with a one‐dimensional photochemical model shows that an altitude‐dependent eddy diffusion coefficient better reproduces the observed profiles than a vertically uniform one. Our estimation suggests that the eddy diffusion coefficient in Ls = 240–270 is uniformly larger by a factor of ∼2 than that in Ls = 90–120 in the southern hemisphere, while they are comparable in the northern hemisphere. This fact demonstrates that the eddy diffusion coefficient is variable with season and latitude. Plain Language Summary: The eddy diffusion coefficient is widely used to parameterize the efficiency of vertical diffusion in the planetary atmosphere, whose variation characterizes the transportation of trace gas species. Additionally, it could vary their vertical distributions in the middle and upper atmosphere, which might cause an impact on the species escaping to space. However, the variability of the eddy diffusion coefficient in those altitude regions have been poorly understood. In this study, we focus on the estimation of variation in the eddy diffusion coefficient by analyzing the CO and CO2 measurements made by the ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter. The observed CO/CO2 ratio between altitudes of 75 and 105 km shows a significant seasonal variation in the southern hemisphere. The observed CO/CO2 profiles are compared with the simulated profiles obtained with a one‐dimensional photochemical model assigning several shapes and intensity of eddy diffusion coefficient. The comparison shows that the eddy diffusion coefficient is not constant but variable depending on altitude, season, and latitude, which suggests that the efficiency of the vertical diffusion varies with season and latitude. This fact is useful to other 1D photochemical models to reproduce the seasonal and latitudinal variation of atmospheric composition. Key Points: The CO/CO2 profiles from 75 to 105 km measured by NOMAD aboard TGO are used to investigate variations in the eddy diffusion coefficientThe estimated CO/CO2 profiles agree well with the observed profiles if altitude‐dependent eddy diffusion coefficients are consideredOur results demonstrate a substantial seasonal variation in the eddy diffusion coefficient in the southern hemisphere [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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19. Retrieval of Martian ozone and dust from SPICAM spectrometer for MY27–MY28
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Modak, Ashimananda, primary, Sheel, Varun, additional, and Montmessin, Franck, additional
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- 2019
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20. Variations in Vertical CO/CO2Profiles in the Martian Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere Measured by the ExoMars TGO/NOMAD: Implications of Variations in Eddy Diffusion Coefficient
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Yoshida, Nao, Nakagawa, Hiromu, Aoki, Shohei, Erwin, Justin, Vandaele, Ann Carine, Daerden, Frank, Thomas, Ian, Trompet, Loïc, Koyama, Shungo, Terada, Naoki, Neary, Lori, Murata, Isao, Villanueva, Geronimo, Liuzzi, Giuliano, Lopez‐Valverde, Miguel Angel, Brines, Adrian, Modak, Ashimananda, Kasaba, Yasumasa, Ristic, Bojan, Bellucci, Giancarlo, López‐Moreno, José Juan, and Patel, Manish
- Abstract
Using the Nadir and Occultation for MArs Discovery instrument aboard Trace Gas Orbiter, we derived the CO/CO2profiles between 75 and 105 km altitude with the equivalent width technique. The derived CO/CO2profiles showed significant seasonal variations in the southern hemisphere with decreases near perihelion and increases near aphelion. The estimation of the CO/CO2profiles with a one‐dimensional photochemical model shows that an altitude‐dependent eddy diffusion coefficient better reproduces the observed profiles than a vertically uniform one. Our estimation suggests that the eddy diffusion coefficient in Ls= 240–270 is uniformly larger by a factor of ∼2 than that in Ls= 90–120 in the southern hemisphere, while they are comparable in the northern hemisphere. This fact demonstrates that the eddy diffusion coefficient is variable with season and latitude. The eddy diffusion coefficient is widely used to parameterize the efficiency of vertical diffusion in the planetary atmosphere, whose variation characterizes the transportation of trace gas species. Additionally, it could vary their vertical distributions in the middle and upper atmosphere, which might cause an impact on the species escaping to space. However, the variability of the eddy diffusion coefficient in those altitude regions have been poorly understood. In this study, we focus on the estimation of variation in the eddy diffusion coefficient by analyzing the CO and CO2measurements made by the ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter. The observed CO/CO2ratio between altitudes of 75 and 105 km shows a significant seasonal variation in the southern hemisphere. The observed CO/CO2profiles are compared with the simulated profiles obtained with a one‐dimensional photochemical model assigning several shapes and intensity of eddy diffusion coefficient. The comparison shows that the eddy diffusion coefficient is not constant but variable depending on altitude, season, and latitude, which suggests that the efficiency of the vertical diffusion varies with season and latitude. This fact is useful to other 1D photochemical models to reproduce the seasonal and latitudinal variation of atmospheric composition. The CO/CO2profiles from 75 to 105 km measured by NOMAD aboard TGO are used to investigate variations in the eddy diffusion coefficientThe estimated CO/CO2profiles agree well with the observed profiles if altitude‐dependent eddy diffusion coefficients are consideredOur results demonstrate a substantial seasonal variation in the eddy diffusion coefficient in the southern hemisphere The CO/CO2profiles from 75 to 105 km measured by NOMAD aboard TGO are used to investigate variations in the eddy diffusion coefficient The estimated CO/CO2profiles agree well with the observed profiles if altitude‐dependent eddy diffusion coefficients are considered Our results demonstrate a substantial seasonal variation in the eddy diffusion coefficient in the southern hemisphere
- Published
- 2022
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