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2. Genetic Variability in Mediterranean Coastal Ecosystems: Insights into Ostrea spp. (Bivalvia: Ostreidae).

Author

Esposito, Giuseppe, Peletto, Simone, Guo, Ximing, Pastorino, Paolo, Arillo, Alessandra, Martini, Isabella, Acutis, Pier Luigi, Mugetti, Davide, Meloni, Domenico, Prearo, Marino, and Modesto, Paola

Subjects
GENETIC variation, FISHERIES, MOLECULAR phylogeny, SPECIES distribution, FISHERY resources
Abstract

Simple Summary: Oysters are sessile, filter-feeding bivalves that are vital to fisheries and ecology but are poorly understood in terms of genetic diversity and distribution. This study examines small flat oysters in the Mediterranean regions of Liguria and Sardinia (Italy) using 16S rRNA sequencing to identify species. The findings reveal new insights into the Ostrea stentina complex and introduce a new species, O. neostentina, improving knowledge of Ostrea species diversity and distribution. Oysters are sessile, filter-feeding bivalve molluscs widely distributed in estuarine and coastal habitats worldwide. They constitute a valuable resource for fisheries and extensive aquaculture and provide essential ecological services. Yet, their genetic diversity and distribution remain understudied. The variability in shell morphology complicates species classification, which is influenced by environmental and genetic factors. Although molecular phylogenetics research has refined oyster taxonomy and identified approximately 100 extant species, numerous taxonomic uncertainties persist. In the present study, we aimed to document the occurrence of small flat oysters of the genus Ostrea along the Mediterranean coastal areas of Liguria and Sardinia (Italy). Specifically, 16S rRNA sequence data were used to identify Ostrea species. Our findings offer novel insights into the O. stentina species complex and O. neostentina, a new species in the Mediterranean coastal areas of Italy. The study data further our understanding of Ostrea species diversity, distribution, and evolutionary patterns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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3. Hypoxia-associated markers in the prognosis of oral canine melanoma.

Author

Gola, Cecilia, Maniscalco, Lorella, Iussich, Selina, Morello, Emanuela, Olimpo, Matteo, Martignani, Eugenio, Accornero, Paolo, Giacobino, Davide, Mazzone, Eugenio, Modesto, Paola, Varello, Katia, Aresu, Luca, and De Maria, Raffaella

Subjects
VASCULAR endothelial growth factors, DRUG resistance in cancer cells, PROGNOSIS, CHONDROITIN sulfates, COBALT chloride, HYPOXIA-inducible factor 1
Abstract

Canine oral malignant melanoma (COMM) is the most common neoplasm in the oral cavity characterized by local invasiveness and high metastatic potential. Hypoxia represents a crucial feature of the solid tumor microenvironment promoting cancer progression and drug resistance. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and its downstream effectors, vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A), glucose transporter isoform 1 (GLUT1), C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4), and carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX), are the main regulators of the adaptive response to low oxygen availability. The prognostic value of these markers was evaluated in 36 COMMs using immunohistochemistry. In addition, the effects of cobalt chloride–mediated hypoxia were evaluated in 1 primary COMM cell line. HIF-1α expression was observed in the nucleus, and this localization correlated with the presence or enhanced expression of HIF-1α-regulated genes at the protein level. Multivariate analysis revealed that in dogs given chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan-4 (CSPG4) DNA vaccine, COMMs expressing HIF-1α, VEGF-A, and CXCR4 were associated with shorter disease-free intervals (DFI) compared with tumors that were negative for these markers (P =.03), suggesting hypoxia can influence immunotherapy response. Western blotting showed that, under chemically induced hypoxia, COMM cells accumulate HIF-1α and smaller amounts of CAIX. HIF-1α induction and stabilization triggered by hypoxia was corroborated by immunofluorescence, showing its nuclear translocation. These findings reinforce the role of an hypoxic microenvironment in tumor progression and patient outcome in COMM, as previously established in several human and canine cancers. In addition, hypoxic markers may represent promising prognostic markers, highlighting opportunities for their use in therapeutic strategies for COMMs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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10. Domestic Animal Models of Central Nervous System Tumors: Focus on Meningiomas.

Author

Tomanelli, Michele, Florio, Tullio, Vargas, Gabriela Coronel, Pagano, Aldo, and Modesto, Paola

Subjects
CENTRAL nervous system tumors, DOMESTIC animals, DOGS, VETERINARY medicine, CATS, ANIMAL models in research, INTRACRANIAL tumors
Abstract

Intracranial primary tumors (IPTs) are aggressive forms of malignancies that cause high mortality in both humans and domestic animals. Meningiomas are frequent adult IPTs in humans, dogs, and cats, and both benign and malignant forms cause a decrease in life quality and survival. Surgery is the primary therapeutic approach to treat meningiomas, but, in many cases, it is not resolutive. The chemotherapy and targeted therapy used to treat meningiomas also display low efficacy and many side effects. Therefore, it is essential to find novel pharmacological approaches to increase the spectrum of therapeutic options for meningiomas. This review analyzes the similarities between human and domestic animal (dogs and cats) meningiomas by evaluating the molecular and histological characteristics, diagnosis criteria, and treatment options and highlighting possible research areas to identify novel targets and pharmacological approaches, which are useful for the diagnosis and therapy of this neoplasia to be used in human and veterinary medicine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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13. Multidisciplinary studies on a sick-leader syndrome-associated mass stranding of sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus) along the Adriatic coast of Italy

Author

Mazzariol, Sandro, Centelleghe, Cinzia, Cozzi, Bruno, Povinelli, Michele, Marcer, Federica, Ferri, Nicola, Di Francesco, Gabriella, Badagliacca, Pietro, Profeta, Francesca, Olivieri, Vincenzo, Guccione, Sergio, Cocumelli, Cristiano, Terracciano, Giuliana, Troiano, Pasquale, Beverelli, Matteo, Garibaldi, Fulvio, Podestà, Michela, Marsili, Letizia, Fossi, Maria Cristina, Mattiucci, Simonetta, Cipriani, Paolo, De Nurra, Daniele, Zaccaroni, Annalisa, Rubini, Silva, Berto, Daniela, de Quiros, Yara Beraldo, Fernandez, Antonio, Morell, Maria, Giorda, Federica, Pautasso, Alessandra, Modesto, Paola, Casalone, Cristina, and Di Guardo, Giovanni

Published
2018
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15. Molecular Characterization of CF33 Canine Cell Line and Evaluation of Its Ability to Respond against Infective Stressors in Sight of Anticancer Approaches

Author

Razzuoli, Elisabetta, primary, De Ciucis, Chiara Grazia, additional, Chirullo, Barbara, additional, Varello, Katia, additional, Zoccola, Roberto, additional, Guardone, Lisa, additional, Petrucci, Paola, additional, Rubini, Danja, additional, Bozzetta, Elena, additional, Goria, Maria, additional, Fruscione, Floriana, additional, and Modesto, Paola, additional

Published
2022
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16. Equus caballus Papillomavirus Type-9 (EcPV9): First Detection in Asymptomatic Italian Horses

Author

De Paolis, Livia, primary, De Ciucis, Chiara Grazia, additional, Peletto, Simone, additional, Cappelli, Katia, additional, Mecocci, Samanta, additional, Nervo, Tiziana, additional, Guardone, Lisa, additional, Crescio, Maria Ines, additional, Pietrucci, Daniele, additional, Fruscione, Floriana, additional, Gabbianelli, Federica, additional, Turco, Silvia, additional, Varello, Katia, additional, Donato, Gian Guido, additional, Maurella, Cristiana, additional, Modesto, Paola, additional, Maniaci, Maria Grazia, additional, Chillemi, Giovanni, additional, Ghelardi, Alessandro, additional, and Razzuoli, Elisabetta, additional

Published
2022
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20. Detection of Equus Caballus Papillomavirus Type-2 in Asymptomatic Italian Horses

Author

Cappelli, Katia, primary, Ciucis, Chiara Grazia De, additional, Mecocci, Samanta, additional, Nervo, Tiziana, additional, Crescio, Maria Ines, additional, Pepe, Marco, additional, Gialletti, Rodolfo, additional, Pietrucci, Daniele, additional, Migone, Laura Federica, additional, Turco, Silvia, additional, Mechelli, Luca, additional, Passamonti, Fabrizio, additional, Drago, Carlo, additional, Donato, Gian Guido, additional, Varello, Katia, additional, Modesto, Paola, additional, Chillemi, Giovanni, additional, Ghelardi, Alessandro, additional, and Razzuoli, Elisabetta, additional

Published
2022
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21. Validation of AmpliSeq NGS Panel for BRCA1 and BRCA2 Variant Detection in Canine Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded Mammary Tumors

Author

Di Giacomo, Daniela, primary, Di Domenico, Marco, additional, Defourny, Sabrina Vanessa Patrizia, additional, Malatesta, Daniela, additional, Di Teodoro, Giovanni, additional, Martino, Michele, additional, Viola, Antonello, additional, D’Alterio, Nicola, additional, Cammà, Cesare, additional, Modesto, Paola, additional, and Petrini, Antonio, additional

Published
2022
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27. Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistances of Salmonella spp. Isolated from Wild Boars in Liguria Region, Italy

Author

Razzuoli, Elisabetta, primary, Listorti, Valeria, additional, Martini, Isabella, additional, Migone, Laura, additional, Decastelli, Lucia, additional, Mignone, Walter, additional, Berio, Enrica, additional, Battistini, Roberta, additional, Ercolini, Carlo, additional, Serracca, Laura, additional, Andreoli, Tiziana, additional, Dellepiane, Monica, additional, Adriano, Daniela, additional, Pitti, Monica, additional, Meloni, Daniela, additional, and Modesto, Paola, additional

Published
2021
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29. Evidence of Antimicrobial Resistance and Presence of Pathogenicity Genes in Yersinia enterocolitica Isolate from Wild Boars

Author

Modesto, Paola, primary, De Ciucis, Chiara Grazia, additional, Vencia, Walter, additional, Pugliano, Maria Concetta, additional, Mignone, Walter, additional, Berio, Enrica, additional, Masotti, Chiara, additional, Ercolini, Carlo, additional, Serracca, Laura, additional, Andreoli, Tiziana, additional, Dellepiane, Monica, additional, Adriano, Daniela, additional, Zoppi, Simona, additional, Meloni, Daniela, additional, and Razzuoli, Elisabetta, additional

Published
2021
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30. Equine Genital Squamous Cell Carcinoma Associated with EcPV2 Infection: RANKL Pathway Correlated to Inflammation and Wnt Signaling Activation

Author

Mecocci, Samanta, primary, Porcellato, Ilaria, additional, Armando, Federico, additional, Mechelli, Luca, additional, Brachelente, Chiara, additional, Pepe, Marco, additional, Gialletti, Rodolfo, additional, Passeri, Benedetta, additional, Modesto, Paola, additional, Ghelardi, Alessandro, additional, Cappelli, Katia, additional, and Razzuoli, Elisabetta, additional

Published
2021
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31. MCM2 and Carbonic Anhydrase 9 Are Novel Potential Targets for Neuroblastoma Pharmacological Treatment

Author

Garbati, Patrizia, primary, Barbieri, Raffaella, additional, Cangelosi, Davide, additional, Zanon, Carlo, additional, Costa, Delfina, additional, Eva, Alessandra, additional, Thellung, Stefano, additional, Calderoni, Matilde, additional, Baldini, Francesca, additional, Tonini, Gian Paolo, additional, Modesto, Paola, additional, Florio, Tullio, additional, and Pagano, Aldo, additional

Published
2020
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32. Characterization of D-17 Canine Osteosarcoma Cell Line and Evaluation of Its Ability to Response to Infective Stressor Used as Alternative Anticancer Therapy

Author

Modesto, Paola, primary, Castrillo Fernandez, Jordi Leonardo, additional, Martini, Isabella, additional, Zoccola, Roberto, additional, Pugliano, Maria Concetta, additional, De Ciucis, Chiara Grazia, additional, Goria, Maria, additional, Ferrari, Angelo, additional, and Razzuoli, Elisabetta, additional

Published
2020
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33. Equine Penile Squamous Cell Carcinomas as a Model for Human Disease: A Preliminary Investigation on Tumor Immune Microenvironment

Author

Porcellato, Ilaria, primary, Mecocci, Samanta, additional, Mechelli, Luca, additional, Cappelli, Katia, additional, Brachelente, Chiara, additional, Pepe, Marco, additional, Orlandi, Margherita, additional, Gialletti, Rodolfo, additional, Passeri, Benedetta, additional, Ferrari, Angelo, additional, Modesto, Paola, additional, Ghelardi, Alessandro, additional, and Razzuoli, Elisabetta, additional

Published
2020
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35. Comparison of Macrophage Responses to African Swine Fever Viruses Reveals that the NH/P68 Strain is Associated with Enhanced Sensitivity to Type I IFN and Cytokine Responses from Classically Activated Macrophages

Author

Franzoni, Giulia, primary, Razzuoli, Elisabetta, additional, Dei Giudici, Silvia, additional, Carta, Tania, additional, Galleri, Grazia, additional, Zinellu, Susanna, additional, Ledda, Mauro, additional, Angioi, Pierpaolo, additional, Modesto, Paola, additional, Graham, Simon P., additional, and Oggiano, Annalisa, additional

Published
2020
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38. Response of the goat mammary gland to infection with Staphylococcus aureus revealed by gene expression profiling in milk somatic and white blood cells

Author

Cremonesi Paola, Capoferri Rossana, Pisoni Giuliano, Del Corvo Marcello, Strozzi Francesco, Rupp Rachel, Caillat Hugues, Modesto Paola, Moroni Paolo, Williams John L, Castiglioni Bianca, and Stella Alessandra

Subjects
Biotechnology, TP248.13-248.65, Genetics, QH426-470
Abstract

Abstract Background S. aureus is one of the main pathogens responsible for the intra-mammary infection in dairy ruminants. Although much work has been carried out to understand the complex physiological and cellular events that occur in the mammary gland in response to S. aureus, the protective mechanisms are still poorly understood. The objectives of the present study were to investigate gene expression during the early response of the goat mammary gland to an experimental challenge with S. aureus, in order to better understand the local and systemic response and to compare them in two divergent lines of goat selected for high and low milk somatic cell scores. Results No differences in gene expression were found between high and low SCS (Somatic Cells Score) selection lines. Analysing the two groups together, an expression of 300 genes were found to change from T0 before infection, and T4 at 24 hours and T5 at 30 hours following challenge. In blood derived white blood cells 8 genes showed increased expression between T0 and T5 and 1 gene has reduced expression. The genes showing the greatest increase in expression following challenge (5.65 to 3.16 fold change) play an important role in (i) immune and inflammatory response (NFKB1, TNFAIP6, BASP1, IRF1, PLEK, BATF3); (ii) the regulation of innate resistance to pathogens (PTX3); and (iii) the regulation of cell metabolism (CYTH4, SLC2A6, ARG2). The genes with reduced expression (−1.5 to −2.5 fold) included genes involved in (i) lipid metabolism (ABCG2, FASN), (ii) chemokine, cytokine and intracellular signalling (SPPI), and (iii) cell cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix (KRT19). Conclusions Analysis of genes with differential expression following infection showed an inverse relationship between immune response and lipid metabolism in the early response of the mammary gland to the S. aureus challenge. PTX3 showed a large change in expression in both milk and blood, and is therefore a candidate for further studies on immune response associated with mastitis.

Published
2012
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42. The microbiota of hematophagous ectoparasites collected from migratory birds

Author

Cerutti, Francesco, primary, Modesto, Paola, additional, Rizzo, Francesca, additional, Cravero, Alessandra, additional, Jurman, Irena, additional, Costa, Stefano, additional, Giammarino, Mauro, additional, Mandola, Maria Lucia, additional, Goria, Mariella, additional, Radovic, Slobodanka, additional, Cattonaro, Federica, additional, Acutis, Pier Luigi, additional, and Peletto, Simone, additional

Published
2018
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43. Molecular Genetics Unveiled Unknown Family Relationships and Hybrids in an Ex-Situ Colony of African Penguins (Spheniscus demersus)

Author

Modesto, Paola, primary, Biolatti, Cristina, additional, Favaro, Livio, additional, Colussi, Silvia, additional, Peletto, Simone, additional, Piga, Sara, additional, Riina, Maria Vittoria, additional, Pessani, Daniela, additional, Trincas, Egle, additional, Isaja, Valentina, additional, and Acutis, Pier Luigi, additional

Published
2018
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44. Efficient isolation on Vero.DogSLAMtag cells and full genome characterization of Dolphin Morbillivirus (DMV) by next generation sequencing

Author

Peletto, Simone, primary, Caruso, Claudio, additional, Cerutti, Francesco, additional, Modesto, Paola, additional, Biolatti, Cristina, additional, Pautasso, Alessandra, additional, Grattarola, Carla, additional, Giorda, Federica, additional, Mazzariol, Sandro, additional, Mignone, Walter, additional, Masoero, Loretta, additional, Casalone, Cristina, additional, and Acutis, Pier Luigi, additional

Published
2018
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45. Control of Mosquito-Borne Diseases in Northwestern Italy: Preparedness from One Season to the Next

Author

Verna, Federica, primary, Modesto, Paola, additional, Radaelli, Maria Cristina, additional, Francese, Danila Raffaella, additional, Monaci, Enrico, additional, Desiato, Rosanna, additional, Grattarola, Carla, additional, Peletto, Simone, additional, Mosca, Andrea, additional, Savini, Giovanni, additional, Chianese, Rosa, additional, Demicheli, Vittorio, additional, Prearo, Marino, additional, Chiavacci, Laura, additional, Pautasso, Alessandra, additional, and Casalone, Cristina, additional

Published
2017
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48. Detection of West Nile and Usutu Viruses in Italian Free Areas: Entomological Surveillance in Piemonte and Liguria Regions, 2014

Author

Pautasso, Alessandra, primary, Radaelli, Maria Cristina, additional, Ballardini, Marco, additional, Francese, Danila Raffaella, additional, Verna, Federica, additional, Modesto, Paola, additional, Grattarola, Carla, additional, Desiato, Rosanna, additional, Bertolini, Silvia, additional, Vitale, Nicoletta, additional, Ferrari, Angelo, additional, Rossini, Irene, additional, Accorsi, Annalisa, additional, Mosca, Andrea, additional, Monaco, Federica, additional, Savini, Giovanni, additional, Prearo, Marino, additional, Mignone, Walter, additional, Chiavacci, Laura, additional, and Casalone, Cristina, additional

Published
2016
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49. Evaluation of genetic variability in brown hare populations from two protected areas in northern Italy

Author

Modesto, Paola, Cava, Pier Luigi, Peletto, Simone, Colussi, Silvia, Vidus Rosin, Anna, Meriggi, Alberto, Acutis, Pier Luigi, and funded by Wildlife Service of the Province of Alessandria, supported by FIDC and the Hunting Districts AL2 and AL3

Subjects
Lepus europaeus, genetic variability, microsatellites, Italy
Abstract

The brown hare (Lepus europaeus) is widely distributed throughout Europe where it constitutes an important game species. However, there is concern about its conservation because the number of European hares has drastically declined in Europe since the 1960s and the species is now considered at low risk of extinction. During the last decades, several countries have carried out restocking programs with the introduction of allochthonous individuals. We analyzed 109 blood samples from two brown hare populations captured in two protected areas in northern Italy, where no animals have been released in the last 20 years, to assess genetic variability and inbreeding status for management and conservation purposes. For this study, eight microsatellites markers were selected from those described in the literature and two multiplex PCR reactions were optimised. The number of alleles per locus, allelic frequencies, observed and expected heterozygosity, and inbreeding coefficient were then calculated. Our results revealed good genetic variability in both populations. Analysis of brown hare populations in a larger number of protected areas would be useful for improving their management through wider genetic characterization of populations for restocking programs, more accurate measurement of their genetic distances, evaluation of the reduction in their genetic variability and gene flows among adjacent areas, and perhaps detection of the introduction of allochthonous animals.

Published
2012

50. EXPRESSION PROFILE OF IMMUNE RESPONSE GENES IN GOATS WITH EXPERIMENTALLY INDUCED STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS MASTITIS

Author

MODESTO, PAOLA

Abstract

Counteracting infectious diseases of farm animals are an everlasting challenge in food production from livestock and preserving the health of farm animals is highly relevant to maintaining high standards of food quality. Clinical mastitis (CM) is the primary health reason for involuntary culling in dairy small ruminants and causes additional economic losses from costs of veterinary treatments. Complementary strategies are needed, since the classical prophylactic measures sometimes appear too demanding to breeders in terms of time and care, and efficient vaccination against the main pathogens is still lacking. There is evidence that Somatic Cell Count (SCC)-based selection should efficiently reduce CM incidence and currently selection strategies in cows and sheeps are based on a linear decrease of milk SCC. The effects and efficacy of SCC selection in goats are still unknown. A better understanding of the defense mechanisms affected and modified by SCC-based selection would be helpful to predict the indirect response for CM, pathogen-specific infections, and resistance to other diseases in the long term. Knowledge of these basic mechanisms will help to the design new and optimized strategies to prevent infections and, at the same time, significantly aid the improvement of food safety for the consumer. Microarray technology enables the examination of complex interactions between the host and bacterial pathogens. In dairy ruminants transcriptome profiling has enabled the identification of genes, pathways and regulatory networks activated in mammary tissues during experimental infection by various pathogens, including E. coli, S. aureus and S. uberis. Information in goats are still low and many host-pathogen interaction mechanisms have to be explained. In our study the bovine CustomArray 90K was used to evaluate the gene expression in milk somatic cells (MSCs) and blood of goats infected by S. aureus.The objectives of the present study were: (i) to identify the network of genes that becomes activated in caprine blood and MSCs in early response upon a S. aureus challenge in order to better understand the local and sistemic response and (ii) to search any difference in this immune response by using two animal groups belonging to a caprine reference family established based on founders with adverse SCC breeding values, (iii) to develop a set of internal reference genes useful to normalize RT-qPCR data in studies of gene expression in caprine MSCs. A total of 300 genes were found to be differentially expressed between 0 h and 24 h post infection and 128 genes between 0 h and 30 h post infection, with a p value < 0.01 and log2 fold change > 1.5. Among these, the majority were up-regulated. In leukocytes a total of 8 genes were up-regulated between 0h and 30h post infection with a p value < 0.01 and log2 fold change > 1.5 and 1 was down-regulated during IMI. The top up-regulated genes (5.65 to 3.16 fold change) plays an important role (i) in immune and inflammatory response (NFKB1, TNFAIP6, BASP1, IRF1, PLEK, BATF3); (ii) in the regulation of innate resistance to pathogens (PTX3); (iii) in the regulation of cell metabolism (CYTH4, SLC2A6, ARG2). The top down-regulated genes (-1.50 to ?2.46 fold) included genes involved in lipid metabolism (ABCG2, FASN), chemokine, cytokine and intracellular signaling (SPPI), cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix (KRT19). No significant differences were found in the levels of the expression gene between the two group of animals. Results provided novel information into the early stage of S. aureus infection in goats. Moreover, this study provides a validated panel of optimal internal references genes which may be useful for the identification of genes differentially expressed by RT-qPCR in caprine MSCs. According to our evaluation, we recommend using G6PD and YWHAZ as reference genes to normalize gene expression data in caprine MSCs.

Published
2012
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