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Objective: As a critical limitation of plant growing, drought stress has always received a lot of attention from botanical researchers. This study intends to investigate the role of salicylic acid and the Mycorrhiza and Azotobacter bio-fertilizer on Satureja hortensis L. under drought stress. Materials and Methods: Salicylic acid and bio-fertilizers have been shown to improve drought tolerance in growing plants. To evaluate the synergistic effect of salicylic acid, Azotobacter chroococcum bacteria, and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi under drought stress (-3.5 atm: W1), (-6.5 atm: W2), and (-10 atm: W3), a 2-year (2016 to 2018) field experiment was organized based on split-plot factorial statistical in a randomized complete block design, with three replicates. Results: The main findings of this study showed that the combinable use of bio-fertilizers and salicylic acid diminished the disadvantageous effects of drought stress. Co-application of bio-fertilizers and salicylic acid significantly increased chlorophyll a and b (22% and 31.5%), carotenoid (30.7%) contents, aerial fresh (38.3%) and dry (64.1%) weights, root fresh (55.8%), and dry (45%) weights, auxin (15%), percentage of essential oil (30.7%) in S. hortensis while it decreased the proline content (48.8%) under severe stress as compared to the control groups, which confirmed the efficacy of this approach and its role in drought tolerance. Conclusion: The results demonstrated that this new suggested treatment could effectively alleviate drought stress symptoms and improve S. hortensis growth under spreading drought conditions and limited water resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The study aimed to assess the histologic and histomorphometric effects of leukocyte platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) and nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) on the regeneration of calvarial bone defects in rabbits. Methods: Four defects were created in the calvaria bone of 14 New Zealand rabbits and filled with L-PRF clot, nHA, or a combination of L-PRF and nHA. The fourth defect remained unfilled to serve as the control group. The rabbits were sacrificed either at 4 or at 8 weeks, and the specimens were evaluated for the type and degree of inflammation, foreign body reaction, new bone formation, and residual biomaterial particles. Results: The histomorphometric analysis revealed that L-PRF significantly enhanced osteogenesis (P<0.05), and the number of subsequent remnant bodies in the L-PRF group was not significantly different from the control group (P>0.05). The results of the histologic analysis showed that the frequency of central bone regeneration significantly increased in prolonged periods (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the utilized biomaterials concerning subsequent bleeding, inflammation, foreign body reaction, and lateral bone regeneration between 4 and 8 weeks of treatment (P>0.05). Conclusion: The results showed that L-PRF was a suitable option for the induction of bone regeneration with fewer remnant bodies. However, future clinical studies are required to assess the efficacy of these biomaterials in the clinical setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Statement of the Problem: Unsuccessful implant integration leads to pain and implant mobility. Implant photo-functionalization by ultraviolet (UV) light has been suggested as a method that may stimulate osseointegration Purpose: This study was conducted to analyze the histopathological feature of the titanium implant surface upon treatment with UV-C wave. Materials and Method: In this interventional study, twenty rabbits were enrolled. In the treatment groups, the titanium implants, irradiated earlier with UV-C for four hours laterally, were inserted in one of the femur bones. In the control group, the titanium implants without irradiation were inserted in the other femur bone of the rabbits. After two and four weeks, the animals were sacrificed, and then the samples were histologically and histomorphometrically analyzed. In addition, the amounts of new bone formation, bleeding, and inflammation were recorded, and the data were subjected to statistical analysis. Results: The results confirmed that UV-C irradiation to titanium implants significantly improved new bone formation (p< 0.001). However, no significant new bone formation was observed between two and four weeks after implant insertion (p< 0.098). Conclusion: The study results showed that irradiating titanium implants with UV-C for four hours significantly improves osseointegration and new bone formation but does not considerably affect inflammation or bleeding around the implant. The study suggests that UV-C radiation can increase the success rate of implant treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]