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1. Quantitative Gait and Balance Outcomes for Ataxia Trials: Consensus Recommendations by the Ataxia Global Initiative Working Group on Digital-Motor Biomarkers

Author

Ilg, Winfried, Milne, Sarah, Schmitz-Hübsch, Tanja, Alcock, Lisa, Beichert, Lukas, Bertini, Enrico, Mohamed Ibrahim, Norlinah, Dawes, Helen, Gomez, Christopher M., Hanagasi, Hasmet, Kinnunen, Kirsi M., Minnerop, Martina, Németh, Andrea H., Newman, Jane, Ng, Yi Shiau, Rentz, Clara, Samanci, Bedia, Shah, Vrutangkumar V., Summa, Susanna, Vasco, Gessica, McNames, James, and Horak, Fay B.

Published
2024
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4. Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial of the Effects of Oral Trehalose in Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3: An Interim Analysis

Author

Yap, Kah Hui, primary, Azmin, Shahrul, additional, Manan, Hanani Abdul, additional, Yahya, Noorazrul, additional, Ahmad, Norfazilah, additional, Tajurudin, Farah Waheeda, additional, Mat Desa, Siti Hajar, additional, van de Warrenburg, Bart, additional, Mohamed Mukari, Shahizon Azura, additional, Achok, Hamdi Najman, additional, Ahmad Damanhuri, Hanafi, additional, Rani, Rufaidah, additional, and Mohamed Ibrahim, Norlinah, additional

Published
2024
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7. Estimation of the global prevalence of dementia in 2019 and forecasted prevalence in 2050: an analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Author

Nichols, Emma, Steinmetz, Jaimie D, Vollset, Stein Emil, Fukutaki, Kai, Chalek, Julian, Abd-Allah, Foad, Abdoli, Amir, Abualhasan, Ahmed, Abu-Gharbieh, Eman, Akram, Tayyaba Tayyaba, Al Hamad, Hanadi, Alahdab, Fares, Alanezi, Fahad Mashhour, Alipour, Vahid, Almustanyir, Sami, Amu, Hubert, Ansari, Iman, Arabloo, Jalal, Ashraf, Tahira, Astell-Burt, Thomas, Ayano, Getinet, Ayuso-Mateos, Jose L, Baig, Atif Amin, Barnett, Anthony, Barrow, Amadou, Baune, Bernhard T, Béjot, Yannick, Bezabhe, Woldesellassie M Mequanint, Bezabih, Yihienew Mequanint, Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth, Bhaskar, Sonu, Bhattacharyya, Krittika, Bijani, Ali, Biswas, Atanu, Bolla, Srinivasa Rao, Boloor, Archith, Brayne, Carol, Brenner, Hermann, Burkart, Katrin, Burns, Richard A, Cámera, Luis Alberto, Cao, Chao, Carvalho, Felix, Castro-de-Araujo, Luis F S, Catalá-López, Ferrán, Cerin, Ester, Chavan, Prachi P, Cherbuin, Nicolas, Chu, Dinh-Toi, Costa, Vera Marisa, Couto, Rosa A S, Dadras, Omid, Dai, Xiaochen, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, De la Cruz-Góngora, Vanessa, Dhamnetiya, Deepak, Dias da Silva, Diana, Diaz, Daniel, Douiri, Abdel, Edvardsson, David, Ekholuenetale, Michael, El Sayed, Iman, El-Jaafary, Shaimaa I, Eskandari, Khalil, Eskandarieh, Sharareh, Esmaeilnejad, Saman, Fares, Jawad, Faro, Andre, Farooque, Umar, Feigin, Valery L, Feng, Xiaoqi, Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad, Fernandes, Eduarda, Ferrara, Pietro, Filip, Irina, Fillit, Howard, Fischer, Florian, Gaidhane, Shilpa, Galluzzo, Lucia, Ghashghaee, Ahmad, Ghith, Nermin, Gialluisi, Alessandro, Gilani, Syed Amir, Glavan, Ionela-Roxana, Gnedovskaya, Elena V, Golechha, Mahaveer, Gupta, Rajeev, Gupta, Veer Bala, Gupta, Vivek Kumar, Haider, Mohammad Rifat, Hall, Brian J, Hamidi, Samer, Hanif, Asif, Hankey, Graeme J, Haque, Shafiul, Hartono, Risky Kusuma, Hasaballah, Ahmed I, Hasan, M Tasdik, Hassan, Amr, Hay, Simon I, Hayat, Khezar, Hegazy, Mohamed I, Heidari, Golnaz, Heidari-Soureshjani, Reza, Herteliu, Claudiu, Househ, Mowafa, Hussain, Rabia, Hwang, Bing-Fang, Iacoviello, Licia, Iavicoli, Ivo, Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen, Ilic, Irena M, Ilic, Milena D, Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi, Iso, Hiroyasu, Iwagami, Masao, Jabbarinejad, Roxana, Jacob, Louis, Jain, Vardhmaan, Jayapal, Sathish Kumar, Jayawardena, Ranil, Jha, Ravi Prakash, Jonas, Jost B, Joseph, Nitin, Kalani, Rizwan, Kandel, Amit, Kandel, Himal, Karch, André, Kasa, Ayele Semachew, Kassie, Gizat M, Keshavarz, Pedram, Khan, Moien AB, Khatib, Mahalaqua Nazli, Khoja, Tawfik Ahmed Muthafer, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kim, Min Seo, Kim, Yun Jin, Kisa, Adnan, Kisa, Sezer, Kivimäki, Mika, Koroshetz, Walter J, Koyanagi, Ai, Kumar, G Anil, Kumar, Manasi, Lak, Hassan Mehmood, Leonardi, Matilde, Li, Bingyu, Lim, Stephen S, Liu, Xuefeng, Liu, Yuewei, Logroscino, Giancarlo, Lorkowski, Stefan, Lucchetti, Giancarlo, Lutzky Saute, Ricardo, Magnani, Francesca Giulia, Malik, Ahmad Azam, Massano, João, Mehndiratta, Man Mohan, Menezes, Ritesh G, Meretoja, Atte, Mohajer, Bahram, Mohamed Ibrahim, Norlinah, Mohammad, Yousef, Mohammed, Arif, Mokdad, Ali H, Mondello, Stefania, Moni, Mohammad Ali Ali, Moniruzzaman, Md, Mossie, Tilahun Belete, Nagel, Gabriele, Naveed, Muhammad, Nayak, Vinod C, Neupane Kandel, Sandhya, Nguyen, Trang Huyen, Oancea, Bogdan, Otstavnov, Nikita, Otstavnov, Stanislav S, Owolabi, Mayowa O, Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra, Pashazadeh Kan, Fatemeh, Pasovic, Maja, Patel, Urvish K, Pathak, Mona, Peres, Mario F P, Perianayagam, Arokiasamy, Peterson, Carrie B, Phillips, Michael R, Pinheiro, Marina, Piradov, Michael A, Pond, Constance Dimity, Potashman, Michele H, Pottoo, Faheem Hyder, Prada, Sergio I, Radfar, Amir, Raggi, Alberto, Rahim, Fakher, Rahman, Mosiur, Ram, Pradhum, Ranasinghe, Priyanga, Rawaf, David Laith, Rawaf, Salman, Rezaei, Nima, Rezapour, Aziz, Robinson, Stephen R, Romoli, Michele, Roshandel, Gholamreza, Sahathevan, Ramesh, Sahebkar, Amirhossein, Sahraian, Mohammad Ali, Sathian, Brijesh, Sattin, Davide, Sawhney, Monika, Saylan, Mete, Schiavolin, Silvia, Seylani, Allen, Sha, Feng, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Shaji, KS, Shannawaz, Mohammed, Shetty, Jeevan K, Shigematsu, Mika, Shin, Jae Il, Shiri, Rahman, Silva, Diego Augusto Santos, Silva, João Pedro, Silva, Renata, Singh, Jasvinder A, Skryabin, Valentin Yurievich, Skryabina, Anna Aleksandrovna, Smith, Amanda E, Soshnikov, Sergey, Spurlock, Emma Elizabeth, Stein, Dan J, Sun, Jing, Tabarés-Seisdedos, Rafael, Thakur, Bhaskar, Timalsina, Binod, Tovani-Palone, Marcos Roberto, Tran, Bach Xuan, Tsegaye, Gebiyaw Wudie, Valadan Tahbaz, Sahel, Valdez, Pascual R, Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy, Vlassov, Vasily, Vu, Giang Thu, Vu, Linh Gia, Wang, Yuan-Pang, Wimo, Anders, Winkler, Andrea Sylvia, Yadav, Lalit, Yahyazadeh Jabbari, Seyed Hossein, Yamagishi, Kazumasa, Yang, Lin, Yano, Yuichiro, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yu, Chuanhua, Yunusa, Ismaeel, Zadey, Siddhesh, Zastrozhin, Mikhail Sergeevich, Zastrozhina, Anasthasia, Zhang, Zhi-Jiang, Murray, Christopher J L, and Vos, Theo

Published
2022
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10. Global, regional, and national burden of Parkinson's disease, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016

Author

Dorsey, E. Ray, Elbaz, Alexis, Nichols, Emma, Abbasi, Nooshin, Abd-Allah, Foad, Abdelalim, Ahmed, Adsuar, Jose C., Ansha, Mustafa Geleto, Brayne, Carol, Choi, Jee-Young J, Collado-Mateo, Daniel, Dahodwala, Nabila, Do, Huyen Phuc, Edessa, Dumessa, Endres, Matthias, Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad, Foreman, Kyle J, Gankpe, Fortune Gbetoho, Gupta, Rahul, Hamidi, Samer, Hankey, Graeme J., Hay, Simon I., Hegazy, Mohamed I, Hibstu, Desalegn T., Kasaeian, Amir, Khader, Yousef, Khalil, Ibrahim, Khang, Young-Ho, Kim, Yun Jin, Kokubo, Yoshihiro, Logroscino, Giancarlo, Massano, João, Mohamed Ibrahim, Norlinah, Mohammed, Mohammed A., Mohammadi, Alireza, Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar, Naghavi, Mohsen, Nguyen, Binh Thanh, Nirayo, Yirga Legesse, Ogbo, Felix Akpojene, Owolabi, Mayowa Ojo, Pereira, David M., Postma, Maarten J, Qorbani, Mostafa, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, Roba, Kedir T., Safari, Hosein, Safiri, Saeid, Satpathy, Maheswar, Sawhney, Monika, Shafieesabet, Azadeh, Shiferaw, Mekonnen Sisay, Smith, Mari, Szoeke, Cassandra E I, Tabarés-Seisdedos, Rafael, Truong, Nu Thi, Ukwaja, Kingsley Nnanna, Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy, Villafaina, Santos, weldegwergs, Kidu gidey, Westerman, Ronny, Wijeratne, Tissa, Winkler, Andrea S., Xuan, Bach Tran, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Feigin, Valery L, Vos, Theo, and Murray, Christopher J L

Published
2018
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13. LRRK2 N551K and R1398H variants are protective in Malays and Chinese in Malaysia: A case–control association study for Parkinson's disease

Author

Aroma Agape Gopalai, Jia Lun Lim, Hui‐Hua Li, Yi Zhao, Thien Thien Lim, Gaik B. Eow, Santhi Puvanarajah, Shanthi Viswanathan, Mohamed Ibrahim Norlinah, Zariah Abdul Aziz, Soo Kun Lim, Chong Tin Tan, Ai Huey Tan, Shen‐Yang Lim, Eng‐King Tan, and Azlina Ahmad Annuar

Subjects
LRRK2, N551K, Parkinson's disease, R1398H, Genetics, QH426-470
Abstract

Abstract Background The LRRK2 gene is associated with Parkinson's disease (PD) as a number of mutations within the gene have been shown to be susceptibility factors. Studies on various global populations have determined that mutations such as G2019S, G2385R, and R1628P in LRRK2 increase the risk of developing PD while the N551K‐R1398H haplotype is associated with conferring protection against developing PD. Here we report a study looking at the N551K and R1398H variants for the first time in the Malaysian population. Methods Cases (523) which conformed to the United Kingdom PD Brain Bank Criteria for PD were recruited through trained neurologists and age‐ and ethnically matched controls (491) were individuals free of any neurological disorder. The N551K and R1398H mutations were genotyped using the Taqman SNP genotyping assay. Results A significant protective association for N551K was found in those of Malay ancestry, with a protective trend seen for R1398H. A meta‐analysis of Chinese individuals in this cohort with other published cohorts of Chinese ancestry indicated a significant protective role for N551K and R1398H. Conclusion This study reports that the N551K‐R1398H haplotype is also relevant to the Malaysian population, with a significant protective effect found in those of Malay and Chinese ancestries.

Published
2019
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16. Genetic Movement Disorders Commonly Seen in Asians.

Author

Jagota, Priya, Lim, Shen‐Yang, Pal, Pramod Kumar, Lee, Jee‐Young, Kukkle, Prashanth Lingappa, Fujioka, Shinsuke, Shang, Huifang, Phokaewvarangkul, Onanong, Bhidayasiri, Roongroj, Mohamed Ibrahim, Norlinah, Ugawa, Yoshikazu, Aldaajani, Zakiyah, Jeon, Beomseok, Diesta, Cid, Shambetova, Cholpon, and Lin, Chin‐Hsien

Subjects
MOVEMENT disorders, GENETIC disorders, GENETIC pleiotropy, HEPATOLENTICULAR degeneration, GENETIC testing, SYMPTOMS
Abstract

The increasing availability of molecular genetic testing has changed the landscape of both genetic research and clinical practice. Not only is the pace of discovery of novel disease‐causing genes accelerating but also the phenotypic spectra associated with previously known genes are expanding. These advancements lead to the awareness that some genetic movement disorders may cluster in certain ethnic populations and genetic pleiotropy may result in unique clinical presentations in specific ethnic groups. Thus, the characteristics, genetics and risk factors of movement disorders may differ between populations. Recognition of a particular clinical phenotype, combined with information about the ethnic origin of patients could lead to early and correct diagnosis and assist the development of future personalized medicine for patients with these disorders. Here, the Movement Disorders in Asia Task Force sought to review genetic movement disorders that are commonly seen in Asia, including Wilson's disease, spinocerebellar ataxias (SCA) types 12, 31, and 36, Gerstmann‐Sträussler‐Scheinker disease, PLA2G6‐related parkinsonism, adult‐onset neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease (NIID), and paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia. We also review common disorders seen worldwide with specific mutations or presentations that occur frequently in Asians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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17. Neurological manifestations in SARS‐CoV ‐2 infection: A single‐center cross‐sectional study in Malaysia

Author

Tan, Hui Jan, primary, Goh, Cheon Han, additional, Khoo, Ching Soong, additional, Ng, Chen Fei, additional, Tan, Juen Kiem, additional, Wan Zaidi, Wan Asyraf, additional, Law, Zhe Kang, additional, Zulkifli, Muhamad Danial, additional, Md Rani, Shahrul Azmin, additional, Wan Yahya, Wan Nur Nafisah, additional, Remli, Rabani, additional, Mohamed Ibrahim, Norlinah, additional, Hod, Rozita, additional, Mohamed Mukari, Shahizon Azura, additional, Mohd Mustapha, Aida‐Widure Mustapha, additional, Kori, Najma, additional, and Periyasamy, Petrick, additional

Published
2022
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19. Brain MRI Volumetry Analysis in an Indonesian Family of SCA 3 Patients: A Case-Based Study

Author

Sobana, Siti Aminah, primary, Huda, Fathul, additional, Hermawan, Robby, additional, Sribudiani, Yunia, additional, Koan, Tan Siauw, additional, Dian, Sofiati, additional, Ong, Paulus Anam, additional, Dahlan, Nushrotul Lailiyya, additional, Utami, Nastiti, additional, Pusparini, Iin, additional, Gamayani, Uni, additional, Mohamed Ibrahim, Norlinah, additional, and Achmad, Tri Hanggono, additional

Published
2022
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22. Neurological manifestations in SARS‐CoV‐2 infection: A single‐center cross‐sectional study in Malaysia.

Author

Tan, Hui Jan, Goh, Cheon Han, Khoo, Ching Soong, Ng, Chen Fei, Tan, Juen Kiem, Wan Zaidi, Wan Asyraf, Law, Zhe Kang, Zulkifli, Muhamad Danial, Md Rani, Shahrul Azmin, Wan Yahya, Wan Nur Nafisah, Remli, Rabani, Mohamed Ibrahim, Norlinah, Hod, Rozita, Mohamed Mukari, Shahizon Azura, Mohd Mustapha, Aida‐Widure Mustapha, Kori, Najma, and Periyasamy, Petrick

Subjects
NEUROLOGIC manifestations of general diseases, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, CROSS-sectional method, INFECTION, EPILEPSY, MELAS syndrome
Abstract

Background: Neurological involvement associated with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection has been reported from different regions of the world. However, data from South East Asia are scarce. We described the neurological manifestations and their associated factors among the hospitalized COVID‐19 patients from an academic tertiary hospital in Malaysia. Methods: A cross‐sectional observational study of hospitalized COVID‐19 patients was conducted. The neurological manifestations were divided into the self‐reported central nervous system (CNS) symptoms, stroke associated symptoms, symptoms of encephalitis or encephalopathy and specific neurological complications. Multiple logistic regression was performed using demographic and clinical variables to determine the factors associated with outcome. Results: Of 156 hospitalized COVID‐19 patients with mean age of 55.88 ± 6.11 (SD) years, 23.7% developed neurological complications, which included stroke, encephalitis and encephalopathy. Patients with neurological complications were more likely to have diabetes mellitus (p = 0.033), symptoms of stroke [limb weakness (p < 0.001), slurred speech (p < 0.001)]; and encephalitis or encephalopathy [confusion (p < 0.001), forgetfulness (p = 0.006) and seizure (p = 0.019)]. Unvaccinated patients had a 4.25‐fold increased risk of having neurological complications (adjusted OR = 4.25; 95% CI: 1.02, 17.71, p = 0.047). Anosmia and dysgeusia were less associated with neurological complications (adjusted OR = 0.22; 95% CI: 0.05, 0.96, p = 0.044). The odds of neurological complications were increased by 18% in patients with leukocytosis (adjusted OR = 1.18, 95% CI: 1.003, p = 0.0460). Conclusions: Stroke, encephalitis and encephalopathy were the common neurological complications from our study. Diabetes mellitus, presence of symptoms of stroke, symptoms of encephalitis or encephalopathy, leukocytosis, and being unvaccinated against COVID‐19 were the associated risk factors of developing neurological complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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27. The effects of intravenous infusion of autologous mesenchymal stromal cells in patients with subacute middle cerebral artery infarct: a phase 2 randomized controlled trial on safety, tolerability and efficacy

Author

Law, Zhe Kang, primary, Tan, Hui Jan, additional, Chin, Sze Piaw, additional, Wong, Chee Yin, additional, Wan Yahya, Wan Nur Nafisah, additional, Muda, Ahmad Sobri, additional, Zakaria, Rozman, additional, Ariff, Mohd Izhar, additional, Ismail, Nor Azimah, additional, Cheong, Soon Keng, additional, S Abdul Wahid, S. Fadilah, additional, and Mohamed Ibrahim, Norlinah, additional

Published
2021
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30. Nonmotor Symptoms in a Malaysian Parkinson’s Disease Population

Author

Shahrul Azmin, Abdul Manaf Khairul Anuar, Hui Jan Tan, Wan Yahya Nafisah, Azman Ali Raymond, Othman Hanita, Shamsul Azhar Shah, and Mohamed Ibrahim Norlinah

Subjects
Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system, RC346-429
Abstract

Background. The nonmotor symptoms are important determinants of health and quality of life in Parkinson’s disease but are not well recognized and addressed in clinical practice. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of nonmotor symptoms and their impact on quality of life in patients with Parkinson’s disease. Methods. This was a cross-sectional study among patients with idiopathic Parkinson’s disease. Exclusion criteria were a Mini Mental State Examination score of

Published
2014
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32. Restless Legs Syndrome and Its Associated Risk Factors in Parkinson’s Disease

Author

Shahrul Azmin, Abdul Manaf Khairul Anuar, Wan Yahya Nafisah, Hui Jan Tan, Azman Ali Raymond, Othman Hanita, Shamsul Azhar Shah, and Mohamed Ibrahim Norlinah

Subjects
Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system, RC346-429
Abstract

Introduction. Restless legs syndrome has been shown to negatively impact the quality of life of patients. Studies have shown an association between restless legs syndrome and Parkinson’s disease. We attempted to investigate the prevalence of restless legs syndrome in Parkinson’s disease patients and to identify associated risk factors. Method. This was a cross-sectional study among patients with idiopathic Parkinson’s disease. Exclusion criterion was a Mini Mental State Examination score of less than 21/30. The International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group criterion was used to identify patients with restless legs syndrome. Results. A total of 113 patients were recruited. The prevalence rate of restless legs syndrome in our cohort was 9.7% and was significantly associated with a younger onset of Parkinson’s disease (P=0.023), male gender (P=0.045), higher Mini Mental State Examination score (P=0.004), and less advanced Hoehn & Yahr stage (P=0.014). Conclusion. The prevalence rate of restless legs syndrome in our Parkinson’s disease population is in keeping with other studies published worldwide. The significance of the association between a younger onset of Parkinson’s disease and restless legs syndrome needs to be further investigated.

Published
2013
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33. LRRK2 N551K and R1398H variants are protective in Malays and Chinese in Malaysia: A case–control association study for Parkinson's disease

Author

Chong Tin Tan, Ai Huey Tan, Gaik Bee Eow, Azlina Ahmad Annuar, Zariah Abdul Aziz, Shanthi Viswanathan, Shen-Yang Lim, Aroma Agape Gopalai, Yi Zhao, Thien Thien Lim, Soo Kun Lim, Huihua Li, Jia Lun Lim, Mohamed Ibrahim Norlinah, Eng-King Tan, and Santhi Datuk Puvanarajah

Subjects
Male, 0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Parkinson's disease, Genotype, lcsh:QH426-470, Disease, Neurological disorder, 030105 genetics & heredity, Leucine-Rich Repeat Serine-Threonine Protein Kinase-2, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, R1398H, Asian People, Internal medicine, Genetics, Humans, Medicine, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Molecular Biology, Genetics (clinical), Malay, business.industry, Haplotype, Malaysia, Parkinson Disease, LRRK2, Original Articles, Middle Aged, Prognosis, medicine.disease, N551K, language.human_language, SNP genotyping, lcsh:Genetics, 030104 developmental biology, Haplotypes, Case-Control Studies, Mutation, Cohort, language, Female, Original Article, business, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

Background The LRRK2 gene is associated with Parkinson's disease (PD) as a number of mutations within the gene have been shown to be susceptibility factors. Studies on various global populations have determined that mutations such as G2019S, G2385R, and R1628P in LRRK2 increase the risk of developing PD while the N551K‐R1398H haplotype is associated with conferring protection against developing PD. Here we report a study looking at the N551K and R1398H variants for the first time in the Malaysian population. Methods Cases (523) which conformed to the United Kingdom PD Brain Bank Criteria for PD were recruited through trained neurologists and age‐ and ethnically matched controls (491) were individuals free of any neurological disorder. The N551K and R1398H mutations were genotyped using the Taqman SNP genotyping assay. Results A significant protective association for N551K was found in those of Malay ancestry, with a protective trend seen for R1398H. A meta‐analysis of Chinese individuals in this cohort with other published cohorts of Chinese ancestry indicated a significant protective role for N551K and R1398H. Conclusion This study reports that the N551K‐R1398H haplotype is also relevant to the Malaysian population, with a significant protective effect found in those of Malay and Chinese ancestries.

Published
2019

40. Lack of Association between the LRRK2 A419V Variant and Asian Parkinson’s Disease

Author

Aroma Agape Gopalai, Shen Yang Lim, Zariah Abdul Aziz, Soo Kun Lim, Li Ping Tan, Yip Boon Chong, Chong Tin Tan, Santhi Puvanarajah, Shanti Viswanathan, Rishikesan Kuppusamy, Ai Huey Tan, Thien Thien Lim, Gaik Bee Eow, Mohamed Ibrahim Norlinah, Hui Hua Li, Yi Zhao, and Azlina Ahmad-Annuar

Subjects
General Medicine
Abstract

Introduction: The G2385R and R1628P LRRK2 gene variants have been associated with an increased risk of Parkinson’s disease (PD) in the Asian population. Recently, a new LRRK2 gene variant, A419V, was reported to be a third risk variant for PD in Asian patients. Our objective was to investigate this finding in our cohort of Asian subjects. Materials and Methods: Eight hundred and twenty-eight subjects (404 PD patients, and 424 age and gender-matched control subjects without neurological disorders) were recruited. Genotyping was done by Taqman® allelic discrimination assay on an Applied Biosystems 7500 Fast Real-Time PCR machine. Results: The heterozygous A419V genotype was found in only 1 patient with PD, compared to 3 in the control group (0.4% vs 1.3%), giving an odds ratio of 0.35 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.01 to 3.79; P = 0.624). Conclusion: A419V is not an important LRRK2 risk variant in our Asian cohort of patients with PD. Our data are further supported by a literature review which showed that 4 out of 6 published studies reported a negative association of this variant in PD. Key words: Asian, A419V, Genetics, LRRK2, Parkinson’s disease

Published
2013

41. Review of Emotion Recognition in Stroke Patients

Author

Murugappan Murugappan, Mohamad Khairiyah, Kenneth Sundaraj, Mohamed Ibrahim Norlinah, and Rajamanickam Yuvaraj

Subjects
Cognitive Neuroscience, media_common.quotation_subject, Decision Making, Emotions, Brain damage, Neuropsychological Tests, Lateralization of brain function, Emotion perception, medicine, Humans, media_common, Facial expression, Social perception, Communication, Neuropsychology, Recognition, Psychology, Social relation, Facial Expression, Stroke, Psychiatry and Mental health, Treatment Outcome, Social Perception, Feeling, Empathy, Geriatrics and Gerontology, medicine.symptom, Psychology, Cognitive psychology
Abstract

Objective: Patients suffering from stroke have a diminished ability to recognize emotions. This paper presents a review of neuropsychological studies that investigated the basic emotion processing deficits involved in individuals with interhemispheric brain (right, left) damage and normal controls, including processing mode (perception) and communication channels (facial, prosodic-intonational, lexical-verbal). Methods: An electronic search was conducted using specific keywords for studies investigating emotion recognition in brain damage patients. The PubMed database was searched until March 2012 as well as citations and reference lists. 92 potential articles were identified. Results: The findings showed that deficits in emotion perception were more frequently observed in individuals with right brain damage than those with left brain damage when processing facial, prosodic and lexical emotional stimuli. Conclusion: These findings suggest that the right hemisphere has a unique contribution in emotional processing and provide support for the right hemisphere emotion hypothesis. Significance: This robust deficit in emotion recognition has clinical significance. The extent of emotion recognition deficit in brain damage patients appears to be correlated with a variety of interpersonal difficulties such as complaints of frustration in social relations, feelings of social discomfort, desire to connect with others, feelings of social disconnection and use of controlling behaviors.

Published
2013

42. PARK16 is associated with PD in the Malaysian population

Author

Yi Zhao, Zariah Abdul Aziz, Viswanathan Shanthi, Puvanarajah Santhi, Gaik Bee Eow, Chong Tin Tan, Thien T hien Lim, Ai Huey Tan, Mohamed Ibrahim Norlinah, Aroma Agape Gopalai, Eng-King Tan, Azlina Ahmad-Annuar, Huihua Li, Soo Kun Lim, and Shen-Yang Lim

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Oncology, Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, Locus (genetics), Logistic regression, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, Internal medicine, Ethnicity, Medicine, SNP, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Allele, Genetics (clinical), Alleles, Genetic Association Studies, Aged, Genetics, Aged, 80 and over, business.industry, Malaysia, Parkinson Disease, Odds ratio, Middle Aged, Psychiatry and Mental health, 030104 developmental biology, Meta-analysis, Cohort, Female, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract

PARK16 was identified as a risk factor for Parkinson's disease in a Japanese cohort; however, subsequent studies in the other populations including the Chinese, European, Caucasian, and Chilean have shown a protective role instead. To investigate this locus in our Malaysian cohort, 1,144 individuals were screened for five SNPs in the PARK16 locus and logistic regression analysis showed that the A allele of the rs947211 SNP reduced the risk of developing PD via a recessive model (Odds ratio 0.57, P-value 0.0003). Pooled analysis with other Asian studies showed that A allele of the rs947211 SNP decreased the risk of developing PD via a recessive model (Odds ratio 0.71, P-value 0.0001). In addition, when meta-analysis was performed with other Asian population, three SNPs (rs823128, rs823156, and rs11240572) reduced risk of developing PD via a dominant model. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Published
2015

44. Biochemical aspirin resistance in stroke patients - a cross-sectional single centre study

Author

Shahrul, Azmin, Ramesh, Sahathevan, Remli, Rabani, Wan Y, Nafisah, Hui J, Tan, Azman A, Raymond, Basri B, Hamidon, Azhar S, Shamsul, and Mohamed Ibrahim, Norlinah

Subjects
ischaemic stroke, aspirin resistance, Asia, aspirin, risk factors, Original Article, developing countries, antiplatelet therapy
Abstract

Background: Aspirin use is known to reduce the recurrence of stroke. However, the clinical response to aspirin has been mixed. The rate of stroke recurrence whilst on aspirin treatment is still unacceptably high. A plausible explanation for this may be resistance to the effects of aspirin. The causes of aspirin resistance are manifold and multi-factorial. We conducted a study to investigate the prevalence rate of biochemical aspirin resistance in a cohort of aspirin-naïve stroke patients. We also sought to determine the inherent factors that may predispose towards the development of aspirin resistance. Method: This was a cross-sectional, observational study conducted on patients admitted to our centre with an acute stroke who were aspirin-naïve. The diagnosis of an acute stroke was confirmed by clinical history and brain imaging. Fifty consecutive patients were prospectively enrolled. Socio-demographic data were collected and baseline blood investigations were performed. Patients were tested for biochemical aspirin resistance using Multiplate platelet analyser (Dynabyte, Munich, Germany) after 5 doses of aspirin, corresponding to a total dose of 900 mg. Results: The median age of patients was 65.5 years and 54 % of patients were female. There were 11 smokers; of these 10 were male. Twenty-six (52 %) patients were Chinese, 21 (41 %) were Malay and 3 (6.0 %) were Indian. Aspirin resistance was present in 14 % of our patients. There was an inverse relationship between the presence of aspirin resistance and plasma HDL levels (r = -0.394; p = 0.005). There was no relationship observed between aspirin resistance and total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, HbA1c, ALT, ALP, urea and creatinine levels. There were no significant differences in demographic profiles or smoking status between the aspirin resistant and non-aspirin resistant groups. We did not find any link between ethnicity and aspirin resistance. Conclusions: Our results indicate that a lower HDL level is associated with biochemical aspirin resistance. This may increase platelet aggregation and consequently increase the risk of a recurrent stroke. The clinical implications for aspirin resistance are far reaching. Any evidence that correctable factors may negatively influence the action of aspirin warrants further investigation. The prevalence rate of biochemical aspirin resistance in our study is comparable to the findings in other studies performed in an Asian population. Further research is required to determine how our findings translate into clinical aspirin resistance and stroke recurrence.

Published
2013

45. Stroke thrombolysis at 5.5 hours based on computed tomography perfusion

Author

Ramesh, Sahathevan, Shahrul, Azmin, Sivakumar, Palaniappan, Wan Yahya, Nafisah, Hui Jan, Tan, Mohamed Ibrahim, Norlinah, and Mukari, Shahizon

Subjects
Case Report
Abstract

A young man was admitted with sudden onset of right-sided weakness. He was assessed in the emergency department, and an immediate computed tomography (CT) perfusion study of the brain was arranged, which showed a left middle cerebral artery territory infarct with occlusion of the M1 segment. There was a significant penumbra measuring approximately 50% of the arterial territory. By the time his assessment was completed, it was 5.5 hours from the onset of symptoms. He was nonetheless administered intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) based on the significant penumbra. He was discharged from the hospital after one week with significant residual deficit. At 2 months clinic follow-up, he showed almost complete recovery with a Modified Rankin Score of 1. We hope to demonstrate that a significant penumbra is an important determinant for good neurological recovery and outcome following stroke thrombolysis, even when patients present outside the 4.5 hours onset-to-treatment time window.

Published
2013

46. DRD and GRIN2B polymorphisms and their association with the development of impulse control behaviour among Malaysian Parkinson’s disease patients

Author

Zainal Abidin, Shahidee, primary, Tan, Eng Liang, additional, Chan, Soon-Choy, additional, Jaafar, Ameerah, additional, Lee, Alex Xuen, additional, Abd Hamid, Mohd Hamdi Noor, additional, Abdul Murad, Nor Azian, additional, Pakarul Razy, Nur Fadlina, additional, Azmin, Shahrul, additional, Ahmad Annuar, Azlina, additional, Lim, Shen Yang, additional, Cheah, Pike-See, additional, Ling, King-Hwa, additional, and Mohamed Ibrahim, Norlinah, additional

Published
2015
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