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Utilization of ionizing rays such as gamma-ray in polymers to correct their properties has attracted a great deal of attention from researchers. Accordingly, in this study, composites consisting of three different polypropylene melt flow indices as the composite matrix, maleic anhydride as the compatibilizer material, and poplar wood as the filler were exposed different doses of gamma-ray radiation in a variety of 0–75 kGy. The main purpose of this study is to investigatie the probable benefits of gamma-ray radiation for improving some of the physical and mechanical properties of composites and to investigate their morphological and thermal properties. The results indicated that the physical and mechanical properties could be improved significantly by increasing the melt flow index of the polypropylene. Also, radiation of gamma-ray improved the physical and mechanical properties of wood polymer composites while reducing the thermal stability. The uniformity of the micrographs obtained from the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) indicated the interaction between the polymer and wood fibers.