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2. Making Sense of Monarchs: Toward Linking Phenomena & Scientific Argumentation with Cultural Relevance

Author

Mohl, Emily K., Tritz, Bethany M., Doud, Ella B, Galchutt, Emilia G., and Koomen, Michele J.

Abstract

We use the population decline of the monarch butterfly as a central phenomenon to support data analysis and scientific argumentation skills and to motivate inquiry and content learning in intermediate college-level biology courses. Students practice analyzing population trends, critically evaluate scientific articles that debate the causes and implications of those trends, and interpret data using key biological concepts in evolution and ecology. Students learn how to evaluate and reconcile conflicting information and use evidence and scientific reasoning to develop arguments about how communities should respond to the decline. Many of our students find the phenomenon engaging, probably because many of them come from the Upper Midwest and have witnessed or even reared monarch butterflies at home or in previous schooling. However, we draw upon ideas from culturally relevant science teaching to engage more of our students in critical analysis about the relevance of these topics to their communities, and we propose strategies for teaching about the monarch decline phenomenon in diverse contexts.

Published
2021
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4. Common milkweed seeds exhibit latitudinal clines more consistent with adaptation to growing season length than temperature

Author

Mohl, Emily K., primary, McCall, Andrew C., additional, Wood, Madelyn, additional, Sherman, Lauren, additional, Reid, Mari V., additional, Saunders, Patricia A., additional, Scanga, Sara E., additional, Danielson, Clara, additional, Fisher‐Reid, M. Caitlin, additional, Marella, Heather, additional, Garneau, Danielle E., additional, Stack Whitney, Kaitlin, additional, Cipollini, Kendra, additional, Styrsky, Jennifer Nesbitt, additional, Styrsky, John D., additional, Rasmussen, Spencer, additional, and Hopfensperger, Kristine N., additional

Published
2023
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9. Making Sense of Monarchs

Author

Mohl, Emily K., primary, Tritz, Bethany M., additional, Doud, Ella B., additional, Galchutt, Emilia G., additional, and Koomen, Michele J., additional

Published
2021
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10. Climate Drivers of Phenology (Project EDDIE)

Author

Mohl, Emily

Abstract

This activity explores the question: which species will be most affected by temperature changes, and how will changes in the phenology of one species affect its interaction with others as the climate warms.

Published
2021
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13. Natural enemy-mediated indirect interactions among prey species: potential for enhancing biocontrol services in agroecosystems

Author

Chailleux, Anaïs, Mohl, Emily K, Teixeira Alves, Mickaël, Messelink, Gerben J, Desneux, Nicolas, InVivo NSA, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Fonctionnement agroécologique et performances des systèmes de cultures horticoles (UPR HORTSYS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, University of Minnesota [Twin Cities] (UMN), University of Minnesota System-University of Minnesota System, Biological control of artificial ecosystems (BIOCORE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire océanologique de Villefranche-sur-mer (OOVM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire océanologique de Villefranche-sur-mer (OOVM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Mathematical Sciences [Bath], University of Bath [Bath], Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Observatoire océanologique de Villefranche-sur-mer (OOVM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire océanologique de Villefranche-sur-mer (OOVM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech [Sophia Antipolis] (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fonctionnement agroécologique et performances des systèmes de cultures horticoles (Cirad-Persyst-UPR 103 HORTSYS), Département Performances des systèmes de production et de transformation tropicaux (Cirad-PERSYST), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), University of Minnesota [Twin Cities], Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire océanologique de Villefranche-sur-mer (OOVM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire océanologique de Villefranche-sur-mer (OOVM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Wageningen University and Research Centre [Wageningen] (WUR)

Subjects
generalist predators, Écologie, soybean aphid, GTB Gewasgez. Bodem en Water, conservation biological control, apparent competition, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], generalist predator, orius-insidiosus hemiptera, alternative prey, quantitative food webs, Interactions biologiques, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], [INFO.INFO-AU]Computer Science [cs]/Automatic Control Engineering, Agent de lutte biologique, functional biodiversity, [MATH]Mathematics [math], Compétition biologique, WUR GTB Gewasgezondheid, Ravageur des plantes, food and beverages, corn leaf aphid, improving biological-control, H10 - Ravageurs des plantes, Lutte biologique, macrolophus-caliginosus, pest management, Agroécosystème, ecosystem services, intraguild predation
Abstract

Understanding how arthropod pests and their natural enemies interact in complex agroecosystems is essential for pest management programmes. Theory predicts that prey sharing a predator, such as a biological control agent, can indirectly reduce each other's density at equilibrium (apparent competition). From this premise, we (i) discuss the complexity of indirect interactions among pests in agroecosystems and highlight the importance of natural enemy-mediated indirect interactions other than apparent competition, (ii) outline factors that affect the nature of enemy-mediated indirect interactions in the field and (iii) identify the way to manipulate enemy-mediated interactions for biological control. We argue that there is a need to increase the link between community ecology theory and biological control to develop better agroecological methods of crop protection via conservation biological control. In conclusion, we identify (i) interventions to be chosen depending on agroecosystem characteristics and (ii) several lines of research that will improve the potential for enemy-mediated indirect interactions to be applied to biological control. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry

Published
2014

15. The multi-trophic context of plant defense: ecological and evolutionary implications of variation in milkweeds

Author

Mohl, Emily Katherine

Subjects
Aphis nerii, Coevolution, Milkweed, Plant defense, Tri-trophic interactions, Trophic cascades, Ecology, evolution and behavior
Abstract

Plants exhibit great diversity in defense-related traits, such as toxins and spines. Most explanations for this variation assume that such traits are costly because they require resources to produce and maintain; however, controlled experiments frequently fail to document costs of plant defenses. One explanation for this pattern is that ecological context matters. I develop the hypothesis that certain plant traits impose ecological costs in a multi-trophic context because they disrupt predation on herbivores. Because milkweed plants are toxic and harbor specialist herbivores that sequester the toxins to defend themselves against generalist predators, I expect plants to incur ecological costs of defense in this system. I investigate the impact of variation among milkweed species on the ecology and evolution of predators that consume herbivores, testing for costs of defense in a multi-trophic context. I show that plants can strongly impact the preference and performance of some predators and generate patterns consistent with ecological costs of defense. However, I also demonstrate that other traits and processes, such as plant tolerance of herbivory and predator tolerance of plant-derived defense, may have the potential to mitigate such ecological costs. Consequently, ecological costs of defense are unlikely to be fixed but are instead subject to coevolutionary dynamics. As introductions, extinctions, and range shifts change the pool of potentially interacting species, a more predictive understanding of the way individual traits affect, and are affected by, the community context in which they occur will improve our ability to prioritize and manage human impacts on these systems.

Published
2014

16. Natural enemy-mediated indirect interactions among prey species: potential for enhancing biocontrol services in agroecosystems.

Author

Chailleux A, Mohl EK, Teixeira Alves M, Messelink GJ, and Desneux N

Subjects
Agriculture methods, Animals, Food Chain, Arthropods physiology, Ecosystem, Pest Control, Biological methods, Population Dynamics, Predatory Behavior physiology
Abstract

Understanding how arthropod pests and their natural enemies interact in complex agroecosystems is essential for pest management programmes. Theory predicts that prey sharing a predator, such as a biological control agent, can indirectly reduce each other's density at equilibrium (apparent competition). From this premise, we (i) discuss the complexity of indirect interactions among pests in agroecosystems and highlight the importance of natural enemy-mediated indirect interactions other than apparent competition, (ii) outline factors that affect the nature of enemy-mediated indirect interactions in the field and (iii) identify the way to manipulate enemy-mediated interactions for biological control. We argue that there is a need to increase the link between community ecology theory and biological control to develop better agroecological methods of crop protection via conservation biological control. In conclusion, we identify (i) interventions to be chosen depending on agroecosystem characteristics and (ii) several lines of research that will improve the potential for enemy-mediated indirect interactions to be applied to biological control., (© 2014 Society of Chemical Industry.)

Published
2014
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