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The present study identifies the features of the postmodern subject in Samuel Beckett's Krapp's Last Tape (1958), Sam Shepard's Buried Child (1978), and Tom Stoppard's Travesties (1975). The three plays beautifully showcase the sense of belonging and nonbelonging of modernist subjects to essentialism, and that is how such subjects move toward the postmodern belief in a lack of commitment to either absolute belonging or non-belonging. Dislocated memories, the textual and constructed nature of memories, schizophrenic characters, and their inclusive belonging to discursive oppositional points of binaries are the features around which the study will pursue its discussion. In its analysis, this study utilizes critical insights proposed in key texts in postmodernism and theories of subjectivity, namely Linda Hutcheon's A Poetics of Postmodernism (1988) and Politics of Postmodernism (1989) and Nick Mansfield's Subjectivity: Theories of the Self from Freud to Haraway (2000). In addition, this study also utilizes Amir Ali Nojoumian's A Brief Introduction to Modernism in Literature and A Brief Introduction to Postmodernism in Literature in order to enrich its take on modernism and postmodernism. The absence of a unified understanding of the past, the uneasy and hectic juxtaposition and superimposition of a series of contradictory narratives out of the past experiences of schizophrenic subjects, and the lack of belonging to -- or inclusive belonging to -- either side of the binaries are the key findings of this study, which reflect the transitional status of the characters' subjectivities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ophelia in William Shakespeare's Hamlet (2004) is a potent discursive site whose interpretive and critical valences have been salvaged through various adaptations of this play. Through the utilization of critical insights of critics, such as Jacques Lacan (1977), Elaine Showalter (1985), and commentators like David Leverenz (2004), Bridget Gellert Lyons (1977), and Philip Armstrong (1996), the study identifies Ophelia's schizophrenic characterization, her reminiscences of the past, and her representation through the play's iconographic values as the negotiable features for taping into Ophelia's multi-layered characterization. The study chooses Laurence Olivier's adaptation (1948) as the more theatrical rendition of the play next to two more modernized and experimental adaptations done by Michael Almereyda (2000) and Kenneth Branagh (1996) to discuss its identification of these discursively potent features in Ophelia's adapted renditions. While utilizing its main critical insights, the study would also use the interpretive readings of commentators, such as Amanda Rooks (2014), Jessica Maerz (2011) and Gulsen Teker (2006) on the cinematic and literary significance of each of the selected adaptations in the continuum of the adaptations done on Hamlet. In the study, it would be argued that although none of the adaptations could deny the patriarchal dominance over Ophelia, the more experimental ones by Branagh and especially Almereyda do manage to tap into the ambivalent points of resistance which Ophelia's characterization could create against this dominance. These ambivalent points expose the incomplete nature of strategies which are adopted by the patriarchy in containing and othering figures such as Ophelia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Jeff VanderMeer's Annihilation (2014), a unique relationship is established between a fecund and futuristic environment called Area X and a group of scientists commissioned to probe this area. While the scientists' initial response toward this area is human-centered and Anthropocenic, the conventional expectations of this initial response are severely shattered later in the novel. The present study believes that the various aspects of this shattering gives us a glimpse of the kind of relationship we could have with the environment in the Anthropocene, the human epoch. By utilizing the theoretical concepts in key secondary sources - such as Pieter Vermeulen's Literature and the Anthropocene (2020) and Benjamin Robertson's None of This Is Normal: The Fiction of Jeff VanderMeer (2018) - the study identifies that various demarcational means fail to fulfill their binary making function due to the vastness and unmappable nature of environments such as Area X. Accordingly, this failure constitutes the study's purpose in that it shows conventional paradigms of mankind's knowledge bodies could not delve into the cognizance and intentions of an amoral and un-registrable environment. This failure also shows recalcitrant areas such as Area X are already present and all encompassing around us. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Analysis of Dynamic Relationships between Financial assets is important in risk management and investment portfolio strategies. Investors try to diversify their assets in different markets in order to cover risk or optimize, and in this regard, they pay attention to the interaction between markets. In this research, the analysis of dynamic conditional correlation and Spillover of Volatility in the return of four cryptocurrencies including Bitcoin, Ethereum, Ripple and Litecoin from 16 Aug 2015 to 14 Jul 2022 has been done. The purpose of this research is to understand and identify the Volatility spillovers between the cryptocurrency market Coins and also to estimate the variable correlation over time between this category of assets with the pairwise dynamic conditional multivariate GARCH model. The results of this research show the existence of the two-way Spillovers effects among all investigated cryptocurrencies. Also, due to the fact that during the crisis, the correlation between the examined cryptocurrencies has increased significantly, evidence of the existence of asymmetric effects between the investigated cryptocurrencies can be confirmed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper introduces an accurate transformer core model, using the Preisach theory, to represent the core magnetization characteristic. This modeling approach provides the required precision to match major and minor hysteresis loops of the model with those of the actual transformer core material. Using the proposed model, the ferroresonance phenomenon of a voltage transformer (VT) is simulated and compared to the corresponding experimental results. In addition, the simulated ferroresonance behavior of the VT based on: 1) the Electromagnetic Transients Program (EMTP)-RV hysteric reactor model, 2) the EMTP reactor type-96 model, and 3) a single-valued polynomial as magnetization characteristic, is also deduced and compared with the proposed model and the experimental results. The investigations conclude that the proposed model provides the most accurate results in terms of the VT core losses and the VT voltage waveforms and their peak values during 1) normal operating conditions, 2) ferroresonance transients and jumping from normal to ferroresonance operating conditions, and 3) ferroresonance steady-state conditions. Furthermore, higher accuracy of the proposed model in representing the hysteresis loop provides the highest and the most accurate bifurcation point and the transient loss when compared with other models. This paper also concludes that major and minor hysteresis loops must be represented in the core model to accurately simulate ferroresonance phenomenon of the VT. Index Terms--Bifurcation, ferroresonance, hysteresis, minor loops, power loss, Preisach theory, transformer.

This paper presents a new and accurate Current Transformer (CT) model for the analysis of electromagnetic transients, based on representation of core magnetization characteristics using the Preisach Theory. Unlike the existing CT models, the proposed model determines shapes of hysteresis minor loops independent of the hysteresis major loop. This results in a higher precision and more flexibility to fit the model hysteresis loops with the actual core material hysteresis loops of the CT. The proposed model has been implemented in the PSCAD/EMTDC software environment. As an application of the model, transient behavior of a CT due to a fault and its subsequent reclosure attempts is investigated and compared with the Electromagnetic Transients Program Reactor Type-96 based CT model and the IEEE Power System Relaying Committee CT model. Time-domain simulation studies show that the transient behavior of the CT is significantly different, if different hysteresis minor loop trajectories but the same hysteresis major loop are adopted. This paper concludes that both hysteresis major and minor loops must be represented to accurately simulate performance of a CT for the reported case studies. Index Terms--Auto-recloser, current transformer (CT), hysteresis, Preisach theory, remnant flux.

The magnetic hysteresis phenomenon plays an important role in the ferroresonance behavior of a transformer. However, most existing transformer models for the analysis of the ferroresonance phenomenon either ignore the hysteresis effects or represent it based on the hysteresis major loop and scale it for lower current levels. Such a modeling approach does not reflect the actual physical behavior of the magnetic core with respect to the ferroresonance phenomenon. This paper, based on Preisach theory, introduces an accurate model of hysteretic inductor to represent a single-phase transformer for the investigation of the ferroresonance phenomenon. Based on the developed model, time-domain simulation studies show that even in the case of a single-phase transformer where no magnetic coupling exists between the three-phases, all known types of ferroresonance, including fundamental, sub-harmonic, quasi-periodic and chaotic modes, may occur. The effects of hysteresis and its initial conditions, grading capacitors and transformer winding capacitance on occurrence of ferroresonance and its change of mode are also discussed. Index Terms--Ferroresonance, grading capacitor, hysteresis, initial conditions, power transformer, Preisach theory.

Short circuit currents or forces during transport can cause mechanical displacements of transformer windings. The transfer function method is presented as a tool to detect these displacements. In order to be able to evaluate the measurements, the correlation between the characteristics of transfer functions and possible damages must be known. Axial displacement and radial deformation of transformer windings have been studied in this research work using two test transformers. The primary winding of the first transformer for axial displacement has 31 double disk coils (1.3 MVA, 10 kV) and the secondary winding is a four layer winding. The second transformer for the study of radial deformation has 30 double disk coils (1.2 MVA, 10 kV) as primary winding and a one layer winding as secondary winding. The detailed mathematical models were developed for the test objects and a comparison was carried out between measured and calculated results. It is shown that this model can present the behavior of the transformer windings in the frequency domain in the case of sound and displaced conditions. Index Terms--Diagnose, mechanical displacements, modeling, transfer function, transformer windings.

FM bandwidth Modulation is an important parameter in voltage-controlled oscillators. The importance of this parameter is especially evident in cases in which the loop bandwidth of phase locked loops is comparable with the FM bandwidth of the oscillator. In this paper, a practical method for measuring the FM bandwidth of a voltage-controlled oscillator is presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the most important components in telecommunication systems and radar activities are frequency synthesizers. Among the important parameters of a frequency synthesizer are phase noise, frequency resolution, programming speed, scanning rate and spur level in the output spectrum of the system. Typically, it is not possible for a frequency synthesizer to reach all of these parameters simultaneously. In other words, there are trade-offs between desired parameters. Among the structures of frequency synthesizers that can be used to achieve the optimal point for these parameters are multi-loop phase lock loop. In this paper, by presenting the noise model of different elements of a frequency synthesizer, simulations related to the achievable phase noise for a sample synthesizer in the X band are presented and finally the results of implementation of a sample synthesizer are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study presents two different methods under uniform and non‐uniform pollution layer in order to measure and calculate the leakage current (LC) of silicone rubber insulators. Experimental test for evaluating the LC analysis of polluted insulator have been done in a laboratory clean fog chamber. The electric field and potential distributions were obtained from finite element method software for 3D models. The mathematical background and circuit theory are described in details by a section of insulator and using the extended form factor formula. The surface conductivity used in the calculations was extracted from the measured LC after wetting rate. LC characteristics under 1 : 1, 1 : 2, 1 : 5 and 1 : 10 ratios of top to bottom surface salt deposit density on polymeric insulators are studied. To verify the proposed models of this study, the results of experimental data and two other approaches are compared with together before dry‐band formation. Moreover, a dynamic LC model under uniform pollution layer has been introduced and extended in order to calculate the LC when the formation of dry‐bands along the insulator surface occurs. The dynamic model is drawn from experimental data and measured surface conductivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cyberpunk is one of the most recent subgenres to emerge in science fiction. In the represented world of this subgenre, information is the constituting element of all the flows, frameworks and interactions. Within the cyberpunk world, information exercises both fluidity and formability in its manipulations. The fluidity occurs when information manipulates different aspects of the represented world through commodifying and simulative operations, and the formability and containment of the fluidity occur when the conventional conceptualizations of aspects such as time and labor resist losing ground to simulations and its various informational manipulations. As a result, an uneasy coexistence of formability and fluidity is materialized in various aspects of the cyberpunk world, a coexistence which the present study will address as formable fluidity. Through reviewing some key works in the subgenre, the present study investigates the impact of the formable fluidity on the temporal and the occupational aspects of the presented world in cyberpunk fiction. The study assumes that due to the highly fluid and speculative nature of information in cyberpunk fiction, time loses its durational historicity. This subgenre also favors modalities of ownership, capital and labor which have the highest level of mobility and networking, with the commitment to conventional fixities and centralities in the occupational aspects becoming contingent, unstable and temporary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sickness absenteeism is a major problem among organizations and healthcare units, causing loss of work-hours and reduced productivity in workplaces. Previous studies have shown that several factors are associated with sickness absenteeism, including social conditions, workplace/organizational conditions, and employees’ characteristics. Other studies have shown that psychological disorders, such as depression and anxiety, as well as musculoskeletal disorders are the main causes of medical absenteeism. The present study was designed to investigate sickness absenteeism in the employees of an auto plant in order to evaluate the occupational health of the employees based on the basic indicators of absenteeism. An institutional-based cross-sectional study was organized in 2016 to evaluate the intensity of sickness absenteeism and its associated factors among auto plant employees in Tehran, Iran. Stratified sampling and simple random sampling techniques were used to select the participants. Data was collected from questionnaires, medical records, and employees’ attendance system. Multivariable analyses were employed to investigate the effect of the explanatory variables on the dependent variable. The frequency of medical absenteeism among employees was 11.3%. According to the results, 26.8% of medical absenteeism was more than 15 days. Smoking and workplace groups were significantly associated with sickness absenteeism. Our study found that smoking and working in the Trunk 1 Department of the auto plant were significant risk factors for sickness absence among employees. In general, absenteeism is a complex and multifactorial phenomenon in real need of evaluation to identify and control its effective factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]