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This paper investigates the dynamics of immune response and autoimmunity with particular emphasis on the role of regulatory T cells (Tregs), T cells with different activation thresholds, and cytokines in mediating T cell activity. Analysis of the steady states yields parameter regions corresponding to regimes of normal clearance of viral infection, chronic infection, or autoimmune behavior, and the boundaries of stability and bifurcations of relevant steady states are found in terms of system parameters. Numerical simulations are performed to illustrate different dynamical scenarios, and to identify basins of attraction of different steady states and periodic solutions, highlighting the important role played by the initial conditions in determining the outcome of immune interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information on a study concerning the feasibility of utilizing near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging with indocyanine green for super-selective arterial clamping in pure laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN). It mentions that tumor exposure, hilar dissection and clamping, and preparation of the tumor for excision were carried out as previously described.

This paper proposes and analyses a mathematical model for the problem of distribution of a finite number of irradiation sources during radiotherapy in continuous environments to maximize the minimal cumulative effects. A new algorithm based on nondifferentiable optimization techniques has been developed to solve this problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]