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El presente artículo evalúa la percepción de amenaza hacia la seguridad asociada al origen étnico de la inmigración en España a partir de la Encuesta Social Europea. El objetivo fue identificar qué factores de riesgo relacionados con el contacto influyen en la percepción de las amenazas a la seguridad vinculados con la inmigración. Asociado a esto, se distinguió el grado en que los españoles relacionan la inmigración con el aumento de la delincuencia. Los resultados muestran que el contacto con inmigrantes de origen musulmán puede ser un factor determinante en la percepción negativa de la seguridad., This article evaluates the perception of security threats associated with the ethnic origin of immigration in Spain, mainly based on the European Social Survey. The objective was to identify which contactrelated risk factors infl uence the perception of security threats related to immigration. Associated with this, we distinguished the degree to which Spaniards link immigration to increased crime. Results show that contact with migrants of Muslim origin can be a determining factor in the negative perception of security., Cet article évalue la perception de la menace à la sécurité associée à l’immigration en Espagne à travers l’enquête sociale européenne. Ainsi, cet article vise à déterminer quels facteurs de risque liés au contact peuvent exercer une infl uence dans la perception de la menace à la sécurité associée à l’immigration et à distinguer le degré de perception de cette menace. Notre objectif consiste à identifi er les facteurs de risque liés au contact avec les immigrants qui déterminent dans quelle mesure les Espagnols associent l’immigration à une augmentation de la criminalité. Les résultats montrent que le contact avec des migrants d’origine musulmane peut être un facteur déterminant dans la perception négative de la sécurité., Ayuda Margarita Salas, Ministerio de Universidades, Gobierno de España, Fondos Next-Generation EU de la Unión Europea

Reseña de Quagmire in Civil War obra de Jonah Shulhofer- Wohl donde se realiza un examen de los atolladeros que determinan la continuidad de los conflictos entre los beligerantes de una guerra civil.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common glioma and standard therapies can only slightly prolong the survival. Neo-vascularization is a potential target to image tumor microenvironment, as it defines its brain invasion. We investigate [[[[

Positive gamma-aminobutyric acid type B (GABAB) receptor modulators such as GS39783 have showed anxiolytic-like effects in several studies while such effects were absent in other studies. These conflicting findings led us hypothesize that the anxiolytic-like effects of such compounds depend on the individual basal anxiety and/or the anxiogenic properties of the used tests. The present study addresses this hypothesis by testing GS39783 effects on mice’s anxiety-like behavior in a light–dark box. We found that GS39783 had no effects on a whole-group level. However, after grouping the mice for their basal anxiety, GS39783 reduced anxiety-like behavior in the subgroup with highest basal anxiety. Moreover, GS39783 effects correlated with individual basal anxiety. Next, the anxiogenic properties of the light–dark box test were increased by prior stress exposure. Again, GS39783 was not effective on a whole-group level. However, GS39783 had an anxiolytic-like effect in the most stress-responsive subgroup. Moreover, GS39783 effects correlated with individual stress responsiveness. Finally, we show that GS39783 brain levels were within a behaviorally relevant range. Overall, our study demonstrates that GS39783 effects depend on individual basal anxiety and stress responsiveness. This suggests that anxiety tests should generally be designed to capture individual basal anxiety and/or stress responsiveness as well as individual compound effects.

The training offered to university teaching staff tends to be scant, voluntary and heavily oriented toward novice teachers. With the arrival of Covid-19 and the sudden switch to online teaching, training became an urgent need for teachers. In this context, some faculty members of the University of *anonimizado* created a multi-cohort faculty peer-training group for collaborative learning in multimodal teaching methods. This paper describes the initiative and analyses the impact of the training on participating faculty members. The authors used a mixed methods research strategy with a sequential approach. Results indicate that training action’s collaborative dynamics contributed to the general well-being of the participants, bringing about a reduction in their feelings of isolation, insecurity and lessening their perception that they lacked the skills required for the new situation. Also, intergenerational differences were detected in the effects the training had on more novice and more experienced teachers.

Spain is a constitutional monarchy with a national government and a king, however power largely rests with the 17 autonomous communities, each with executive and judicial powers, and their own parliaments, assembled from 50 provinces which also have their own devolved powers. This contribution briefly summarizes the central aspects of Spain’s response towards the COVID-19 pandemic crisis, examining the main measures proposed by the Government of Spain to mitigate the effects of the crisis. It highlights the increasing political polarization that has taken place within Spain as a result of COVID-19., España es una monarquía constitucional con un gobierno nacional y un rey, sin embargo, el poder recae en gran medida en las 17 comunidades autónomas, cada una con poderes ejecutivo y judicial, y sus propios parlamentos, reunidos en 50 provincias que también tienen sus propios poderes delegados. Esta contribución resume brevemente los aspectos centrales de la respuesta de España a la crisis pandémica del COVID-19, examinando las principales medidas propuestas por el Gobierno de España para paliar los efectos de la crisis. Destaca la creciente polarización política que se ha producido en España como consecuencia del COVID-19., HADRI/Western Sydney University

The increased expression of gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor (GnRH‐R) in brain has been strongly linked to Alzheimer disease. Therefore, the development of radiolabeled imaging agents for GnRH‐R is relevant for early diagnosis of Alzheimer disease. We have recently disclosed the discovery of two promising compounds displaying nanomolar‐range affinity for the GnRH‐R. In the present study, a preclinical evaluation of the compound properties was performed to evaluate their potential as single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) radiotracers for imaging the GnRH‐receptor. The compounds were assessed in vitro by performing serum stability analysis by human and rat serum, metabolic profiling by human liver microsomes, and exploratory rat brain autoradiography. The investigated compounds displayed satisfactory stability against human, rat serum, and liver microsomal metabolism, which favors their potential as SPECT‐imaging agents. Additionally, we identified and quantified the formation rate of the metabolites by fragmentation of up to five mass spectrometric stages. The GnRH‐R rat brain specificity of these compounds was tested in competition with a known ligand for the receptor and the in vitro autoradiography confirmed that compounds 3 and 4 binds to rat GnRH‐R in different rat brain regions.

Este artículo analiza las percepciones hacia la inmigración en España a través de las dos últimas rondas de la Encuesta Social Europea. Partiendo de la investigación en confl ictos, se propone una nueva metodología de análisis combinado entre Epidemiología Social del Confl icto y el método Transcend. El objetivo de este estudio será tanto comprobar la adecuación y viabilidad de esta propuesta como evaluar la evolución de la percepción hacia la inmigración en España en los últimos años. Gracias a ello se han planteado una serie de propuestas terapéuticas más efi caces para afrontar su discriminación y rechazo., This article analyses the perceptions of immigration in Spain through the last two rounds of the European Social Survey. A new methodology of combined analysis of the Social Epidemiology of the Confl ict and the Transcend method is proposed from confl ict research. The objective of this study is to verify the suitability and viability of this approach and to evaluate the evolution of the perception toward immigration in Spain in recent years. As a result, more eff ective therapeutic measures have been proposed to face their discrimination and social rejection., Cet article analyse les perceptions de l’immigration en Espagne à partir des deux dernières versions de l’Enquête sociale européenne. Il propose une nouvelle méthodologie d’analyse qui combine l’épidémiologie sociale du confl it et la méthode Transcend. Son objectif est de confi rmer l’adéquation et la viabilité de ceĴ e proposition de recherche pour évaluer l’évolution de la perception de l’immigration en Espagne au cours des dernières années. CeĴ e analyse combinée permet de considérer une série de propositions thérapeutiques plus effi caces pour faire face à la discrimination et au refus de l’immigration.

La provincia de Almería en su conjunto ha experimentado en las últimas cuatro décadas un nivel de desarrollo sin precedentes situándose entre las provincias más competitivas del conjunto del territorio nacional. Mucho ha tenido que ver el desarrollo de la agricultura intensiva bajo plástico la cual ha propiciado la conformación del clúster agroindustrial más importante del conjunto de España y posiblemente de Europa. Este fenómeno de crecimiento ha sido en gran parte producido por las consecutivas oleadas de migrantes los cuales han contribuido de manera decisiva a la bonanza económica de la zona con el consecuente incremento del nivel de bienestar. La apertura de la fronteras ante la inmigración no siempre conlleva implícita la aceptación de los inmigrantes por parte de las sociedades de acogida. Cuando se es un inmigrante económico, procedente de países generalmente con estructuras económicas deficitarias, con una cultura diferente a la del país de destino, no es fácil adaptarse. La intensidad con que los flujos migratorios se presentan en la actualidad dentro del espacio europeo esta generando una alarma general en la población autóctona. A todo ello se le suma el miedo a la pérdida de la identidad nacional y cultural o la sensación de competición por recursos ya sean materiales o simbólicos. Dichos procesos a menudo vienen a estar motivados por actitudes prejuiciosas. Así pues, el objetivo de este trabajo fue el de analizar como los habitantes de El Ejido (Almería) se enfrentaban al problema de la inmigración y los inmigrantes, analizando que factores aumentaban el riesgo del rechazo y cuales podrían ser los perfiles más propensos a tener actitudes negativas. Para ello se diseñó un trabajo de campo por encuesta con el propósito de indagar sobre diversas cuestiones relacionadas con la percepción de amenaza exogrupal que tienen que ver directa o indirectamente con el grado de aceptación de la inmigración y los inmigrantes y que pueden ser determinantes en la modulación de la respuesta hacia las actitudes hacia este fenómeno. A fin de analizar los datos se diseñaron una serie consecutiva de modelos de regresión logística con el proposito de detectar los perfiles de riesgo sociodemográficos más proclives al rechazo así como los factores de riesgo que pueden ser determinantes en la modulación de las actitudes. Los resultados indicaron que factores sociodemográficos así como factores relacionados con la percepción de amenaza exogrupal pueden funcionar como desencadenantes de una actitud reacia hacia la presencia de personas inmigrantes de diferente nacionalidad, grupo étnico, religión, cultura y clase social., The province of Almeria as a whole has experienced an unprecedented level of development in the last four decades, ranking among the most competitive provinces in the whole of the national territory. In this sense, much has contributed the development of intensive agriculture under plastic that has led this territory to be of the most important agro-industrial cluster in Spain and possibly in Europe. This phenomenon of growth has been largely produced by consecutive waves of migrants which have contributed decisively to the economic boom of the area with the consequent increase in the level of welfare. The opening of borders to immigration does not always imply the acceptance of immigrants by host societies. When are an economic immigrants, coming from countries with generally deficient economic structures, with a culture different from that of the country of destination, it is not easy to adapt. The intensity with which migratory flows present themselves at present within the European space is generating a general alarm in the native population. To all this is added the fear of the loss of national and cultural identity or the feeling of competition for resources, whether material or symbolic. These processes often come to be motivated by prejudiced attitudes. Thus, the objective of this work was to analyze how the inhabitants of El Ejido (Almeria) faced to the problem of immigration and immigrants, analyzing which factors increased the risk of rejection and which could be the profiles most likely to have negative attitudes. In order to this, a fieldwork was designed by survey with the purpose of investigating various issues related to the perceptions of differents exogrupal threats that have to do directly or indirectly with the degree of acceptance of phenomenos related to immigration and immigrants and that may be determinants in the modulation of the response towards attitudes toward immigration and immigrants. After this, logistic regression models were designed in order to detect the sociodemographic risk profiles most prone to rejection as well as the risk factors that can be determinant in the modulation of attitudes. The results indicated that sociodemographic factors as well as factors related to the perception of exogrupal threat can function as triggers of a reluctant attitude towards the presence of immigrants of different nationality, ethnic group, religion, culture and social class., Tesis Univ. Granada.