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Leucostethus jota, sp. nov. (FIgS. 2, 3, 5) Holotype: MHUA-A 8138 (fIEld NumbER JMD 2063), AN AdulT mAlE fROm COlOmbIA, DEPARTmENT Of ANTIOquIA, MuNIcIPAlITy Of AlEjANdR��A, VEREdA El RESPAldO, JAguAS hydROElEcTRIc PROTEcTEd AREAS ���ISAGEN S.A., LA ARENOSA fOREST (6.39301, -75.036402; 1290 m.A.S.l), cOllEcTEd ON DEcEmbER 3, 2013 by JMD. Paratypes: All fROm COlOmbIA, DEPARTmENT Of ANTIOquIA. FROm MuNIcIPAlITy Of AlEjANdR��A, VEREdA El RESPAldO, JAguAS hydROElEcTRIc PROjEcT PROTEcTEd AREA ���ISAGEN S.A: MHUA-A 8137, AN AdulT fEmAlE cOllEcTEd ON 2013 by JMD (6.4012, -75.02605; 1305 m.A.S.l); MHUA-A 7411 (AN AdulT mAlE); MHUA-A 7396 (A Sub-AdulT mAlE) ANd MHUA-A 7419 (A Sub-AdulT mAlE) cOllEcTEd ON 2012 by CMZ (6.38871, -75.02335; 1272 m. A.S. l). FROm MuNIcIPAlITy Of AlEjANdR��A, VEREdA El CERRO, JAguAS hydROElEcTRIc PROTEcTEd AREAS ���ISAGEN S.A: MHUA-A 8140, AN AdulT fEmAlE cOllEcTEd ON 2013 by JMD (6.37183, -75.04276; 1295 m. A.S. l) ANd MHUA-A 7416, AN AdulT fEmAlE cOllEcTEd ON 2012 by CMZ (6.3693, -75.0252; 1286 m. A.S. l). FROm MuNIcIPAlITy Of SAN CARlOS, VEREdA El VERgEl: MHUA-A 8304, A Sub-AdulT mAlE cOllEcTEd ON 2013 by DIEgO A. AlzATE (6.136672, -75.056296, 1416 m. A.S. l). FROm MuNIcIPAlITy Of SAN CARlOS, VEREdA DOS QuEbRAdAS, CAldERAS hydROElEcTRIc PROTEcTEd AREAS: MHUA-A 10659, AN AdulT mAlE cOllEcTEd ON 2016 by CMM (6.15728, -75.04274; 1158 m.A.S.l); MHUA-A 10668, AN AdulT fEmAlE cOllEcTEd ON 2016 by CMM (6.15754, -75.04295, 1207 m. A.S. l) ANd MHUA-A 10664, AN AdulT mAlE cOllEcTEd ON 2016 by CMM (6.15763, -75.04316, 1210 m. A.S. l). FROm MuNIcIPAlITy Of GRANAdA, VEREdA LA MERcEd, CAldERAS hydROElEcTRIc PROjEcT PROTEcTEd AREA ���ISAGEN S.A: MHUA-A 10665, AN AdulT mAlE cOllEcTEd ON 2016 by CMM (6.13971, -75.06638; 1353 m.A.S.l). Etymology: ThE SPEcIfIc NAmE IS A NOuN IN APPOSITION mEANT AS PATRONym fOR JOhN JAIRO ESTRAdA LOzANO, kNOWN AS jota ThAT dENOTES ThE lETTER ���J��� IN SPANISh. JOhN JAIRO IS A COlOmbIAN hERPETOlOgIST WhO cONTRIbuTEd ENORmOuSly TO ThE fORmATION Of ThE MuSEO dE HERPETOlOg��A UNIVERSIdAd dE ANTIOquIA (MHUA). HE SET uP ThE RulES ANd PROTOcOlS fOR ThE muSEum ANd INSPIREd ThE fIRST hERPETOlOgISTS WhO bEgAN TO dEPOSIT ThEIR SPEcImENS AT ThE MHUA. Diagnosis: WE ASSIgNEd ThE NEW SPEcIES TO Leucostethus ON ThE bASIS Of OuR PhylOgENETIc RESulTS (FIguRE 1, APPENdIX 2). Leucostethus jota sp. nov. IS chARAcTERIzEd by ThE fOllOWINg cOmbINATION Of chARAcTERS: (1) mEdIum SIzEd, SVL fOR AdulT mAlES 16.1���21.6 mm (mEAN = 18.9 �� 1.16; N = 51), SVL fOR AdulT fEmAlES 17.9���23.3 mm (mEAN = 20.5 �� 1.39; N = 21); (2) dORSAl SkIN TEXTuRE POSTERIORly gRANulAR; (3) fINgER I ANd fINgER II SubEquAl IN lENgTh; (4) APPRESSEd fINgER IV REAchINg dISTAl hAlf Of dISTAl SubARTIculAR TubERclE Of fINgER III; lONgER ThAN fINgER II; (5) fINgER III SWOllEN IN AdulT mAlES (FIguRE 3B); NOT SWOllEN IN fEmAlES (FIguRE 3C); (6) fINgER lAckINg lATERAl fRINgES; (7) ThROAT, ANd ANTERIOR PORTION Of bElly WITh A dARk SPOTTEd PATTERN IN mAlES ANd ImmAculATE IN fEmAlES; (8) TESTES uSuAlly uNPIgmENTEd, mATuRE OVIducTS cONVOluTEd ANd PIgmENTEd; (9) TOES lAckINg fRINgES (FIguRE 3A); (10) bASAl WEbbINg bETWEEN TOES II���IV; (11) PAlE dORSOlATERAl STRIPE AbSENT; (12) STRAIghT PAlE VENTROlATERAl STRIPE PRESENT; (13) PAlE OblIquE lATERAl STRIPE cOmPlETE (EXTENdINg fROm gROIN TO EyE); (14) PAlE PARAclOAcAl mARkS AbSENT; (15) mEdIAl lINguAl PROcESS AbSENT; (16) mAXIllARy TEETh PRESENT; (17) VOmERINE TEETh AbSENT; (18) VOcAl SlITS PRESENT; (19) AdVERTISEmENT cAll cOmPOSEd Of A SINglE NOTE WITh A PEAk fREquENcy Of 4.40 KHz ANd EmITTEd AT A RATE Of 22 cAllS/mINuTE. Comparisons with other species: Leucostethus jota sp. nov. ShARES WITh L. fraterdanieli ThE SWEllINg Of fINgER III IN AdulT mAlES ANd ThE OccuRRENcE Of cONSPIcuOuS bRIghT flASh mARkS ON ThE AXIllA, gROIN, ANd cONcEAlEd SuRfAcES Of ThE ThIgh ANd ShANk buT dIffERS fROm L. fraterdanieli IN hAVINg PAlE VENTROlATERAl STRIPES (AbSENT IN L. fraterdanieli); A SOlId dARk bANd RuNNINg AlONg ThE flANkS Of ThE bOdy ANd hEAd (dIScONTINuOuS IN L. fraterdanieli); IN ThE cOlORATION Of ThE TESTES (ENTIREly PIgmENTEd IN L. fraterdanieli, FIguRE 4A, VS. uNPIgmENTEd WhITE IN L. jota sp. nov., FIguRE 4B); IN hAVINg lOWER cAll RATE (22 cAllS/mIN IN L. jota sp. nov., 98 cAllS/mIN IN L. fraterdanieli), A WIdER fREquENcy bANd (RANgINg fROm 3.7 TO 4.4 KHz IN L. jota sp. nov., ANd 3.1 TO 3.3 IN L. fraterdanieli) ANd IN hAVINg SmAllER bOdy SIzE: SVL fOR AdulT mAlES IN L. jota sp. nov. 16.1���21.6 mm (mEAN = 18.9 �� 1.16; N = 51), SVL fOR AdulT fEmAlES 17.9���23.3 mm (mEAN = 20.5 �� 1.39; N = 21); SVL fOR AdulT mAlES IN L. fraterdanieli 20.8���24.6 mm (mEAN= 23.1 �� 1.34; N= 8), SVL fOR AdulT fEmAlES 22.8���23.4 mm (mEAN = 23.1 �� 0.42; N= 2). ThE dISTINcTIVENESS Of L. jota sp. nov. ANd L. fraterdanieli IS fuRThER cORRObORATEd by uNcORREcTEd PAIRWISE dISTANcES Of 5.5% IN 16S ANd 17.8% IN CyT-b. Leucostethus jota sp. nov. dIffERS fROm C. furviventris, C. imbricolus, C. inguinalis, C. latinasus, C. panamansis, ANd C. pratti IN hAVINg A cOmPlETE PAlE OblIquE lATERAl STRIPE (EXTENdINg fROm gROIN mIdWAy TO EyE IN ThOSE SPEcIES ANd EXTENdINg fROm gROIN TO EyE IN Colostethus agilis, C. dysprosium, C. lynchi, C. mertensi, C. yaguara, Leucostethus argyrogaster, L. brachistriatus, L. fraterdanieli ANd L. fugax). Leucostethus jota sp. nov. fuRThER dIffERS fROm C. furviventris, C. pratti, ANd C. ucumari IN lAckINg A PAlE dORSOlATERAl STRIPE (PAlE dORSOlATERAl STRIPE AbSENT IN C. agilis, C. alacris, C. dysprosium, C. imbricolus, C. inguinalis, C. latinasus, C. lynchi, C. mertensi, C. panamansis, C. thorntoni, C. yaguara ANd Leucostethus argyrogaster, L. brachistriatus, L. fraterdanieli, L. fugax ANd C. ramirezi). AmONg SPEcIES Of dENdRObATIdS dISTRIbuTEd AlONg ThE NORThERN CENTRAl CORdIllERA Of COlOmbIA, Leucostethus jota sp. nov. mOST clOSEly RESEmblES Hyloxalus ramosi ANd Hyloxalus lehmanni. ThESE SPEcIES ARE SImIlAR IN bOdy SIzE ANd cOlORATION PATTERN TO ThE NEW TAXON. Leucostethus jota sp. nov. ShARES WITh H. ramosi ThE PRESENcE Of bOTh PAlE VENTROlATERAl ANd OblIquE lATERAl STRIPES ANd ThE AbSENcE Of A PAlE dORSOlATERAl STRIPE (VENTROlATERAl STRIPE AbSENT IN H. lehmanni MHUA-A 00267). HOWEVER, L. jota sp. nov. dIffERS fROm H. ramosi ANd H. lehmanni IN ThE lENgTh Of fINgERS I ANd II (Sub-EquAl IN L. jota sp. nov., EquAl IN H. ramosi ANd H. lehmanni), ThE PRESENcE Of TOE WEbbINg (bASAl WEbbINg bETWEEN TOES II-IV IN L. jota sp. nov., WEbbINg AbSENT IN H. ramosi ANd H. lehmanni), ThIRd fINgER SWOllEN IN mAlES (PRESENT IN L. jota sp. nov., AbSENT IN H. ramosi ANd H. lehmanni), ThE AbSENcE Of A blAck ARm glANd IN AdulT mAlES (PRESENT IN H. ramosi ANd H. lehmanni), ThE gRAy SPOTTEd PATTERN ON ThROATS Of mAlES (dARk SOlId IN H. ramosi, fORmEd by A SERIES Of mINuTE blAck dOTS dISTRIbuTEd AlONg ENTIRE VENTRAl SuRfAcE NOT cONTRASTINg WITh ThE VENTER cOlORATION IN H. lehmanni: MHUA-A 00267) ANd by ThE lOWER cAll RATE (22 cAllS/mIN IN L. jota sp. nov., 86 cAllS/mIN IN H. ramosi). FOR A SummARy Of dIAgNOSTIc chARAcTERS IN ThE SPEcIES Of Colostethus ANd Leucostethus SEE TAblE 4. Measurements of the holotype: SVL 19.3 mm; fOREARm lENgTh fROm PROXImAl EdgE Of PAlmAR TubERclE TO OuTER EdgE Of flEXEd ElbOW 4.8 mm; hANd lENgTh fROm PROXImAl EdgE Of PAlmAR TubERclE TO TIP Of fINgER III 5.2 mm; ShANk lENgTh fROm OuTER EdgES Of flEXEd kNEE TO hEEl 9.7 mm; fOOT lENgTh fROm PROXImAl EdgE Of OuTER mETATARSAl TubERclE TO TIP Of TOE IV 8.8 mm; hEAd WIdTh bETWEEN ANglE Of jAWS 6.7 mm; hEAd lENgTh dIAgONAlly fROm cORNER Of mOuTh TO TIP Of SNOuT 6.4 mm; EyE lENgTh fROm POSTERIOR TO ANTERIOR cORNER 2.8 mm; EyE TO NARIS dISTANcE fROm ANTERIOR cORNER Of EyE TO cENTER Of NARIS 2.5 mm; dISTANcE bETWEEN cENTERS Of NARES 2.9 mm; SNOuT lENgTh fROm ANTERIOR cORNER Of EyE TO TIP Of SNOuT 3.5 mm; INTERORbITAl dISTANcE 2.5 mm; dIAmETER Of TymPANum 1.6 mm. Description of the holotype: A mEdIum SIzEd fROg, 19.3 mm SVL. VENTRAl ANd lATERAl SuRfAcES SmOOTh. DORSAl SuRfAcES WITh gRANulES ScATTEREd IRREgulARly IN SAcRAl REgION. HEAd bAREly WIdER ThAN lENgTh. SNOuT TRuNcATEd IN dORSAl VIEW; PROjEcTEd AbOVE ThE lEVEl Of ThE uPPER lIP IN lATERAl VIEW; ShORT (SNOuT EyE dISTANcE 13% Of ThE SVL). INTERORbITAl dISTANcE 37% Of hEAd WIdTh. CANThuS ROSTRAlIS gENTly ROuNdEd. LOREAl REgION flAT OR WEAkly cONcAVE, NOT SlOPINg TO lIPS. EyE dIAmETER 43% Of hEAd lENgTh. NARES SlIghTly PROTubERANT, dIREcTEd POSTEROdORSAlly. TymPANum WEll dEfINEd IN PRESERVEd SPEcImENS; cONcEAlEd POSTEROdORSAlly. DIAmETER Of TymPANum 59% Of EyE dIAmETER; POSTRIcTAl TubERclES AbSENT. MAXIllARy TEETh PRESENT. VOcAl SlITS PRESENT. HANd lENgTh 27% Of SVL ANd 1.10 TImES fOREARm lENgTh. FINgER dIScS WEAkly TO mOdERATEly EXPANdEd. FINgER III SWOllEN AlONg PREAXIAl SIdE. FINgERS lAckINg fRINgES. METAcARPAl fOld AbSENTS. FINgER I lONgER ThAN fINgER II; fINgER II EXTENdEd TO mIdlEVEl Of dISTAl SubARTIculAR TubERclE Of fINgER III; fINgER IV REAchINg dISTAl hAlf Of dISTAl SubARTIculAR TubERclE Of fINgER III. RElATIVE fINgER lENgThS IV Coloration of the holotype in preservative: (FIguRE 5A���C) DORSum PAlE bROWN WITh dARk bROWN blOTchES ANd gRANulES dARk bROWN. PAlE dORSOlATERAl STRIPE AbSENT. FlANk dARk bROWN, bROkEN by A cREAm OblIquE lATERAl STRIPE EXTENdINg fROm gROIN TO EyE. PAlE VENTROlATERAl STRIPE cREAm. PAlE POSTOculAR STRIPE cROSSINg ThE ANTEROVENTRAl ONE-hAlf TO TWO-ThIRdS Of ThE WEll-dEfINEd TymPANum. LOREAl REgION ANd SNOuT dARk bROWN. UPPER lIP dARk bROWN WITh gRAy dOTS. ThROAT WITh SPOTTEd PATTERN EXTENdINg OVER ANTERIOR PORTION Of chEST ANd bElly. LOWER lIP EdgE WITh A dARk bROWN STRIPE. DORSAl SuRfAcE Of uPPER ARm cREAm, lAckINg TRANSVERSE bANdS; ANTERIOR ANd POSTERIOR SuRfAcES cREAm; VENTRAlly cREAm. DORSAl, ANTERIOR, ANd POSTERIOR SuRfAcES Of fOREARm cREAm lAckINg TRANSVERSE bARS. CONcEAlEd SuRfAcE Of fOREARm WhITE. PAlmAR SuRfAcES bROWN. DORSAl SuRfAcE Of hANd cREAm WITh PAlE bROWN blOTchES ON fINgERS. DORSAl SuRfAcE Of ThIgh gRAy. VENTRAl SuRfAcE Of ThIgh ANd cONcEAlEd SuRfAcES Of ShANk ANd fOOT cREAm. PAlE PARAclOAcAl mARk AbSENT. PlANTAR SuRfAcES bROWN. Coloration of the holotype in life: (FIguRE 2) DORSum bROWN WITh A blAckISh bROWN INTERORbITAl STRIPE. SIdES Of hEAd ANd bOdy dARk bROWN. PAlE OblIquE lATERAl STRIPE cREAm WITh mINuTE REddISh lIghT SPOTS. GROIN, AXIllA ANd POSTERIOR TIP Of lATERAl STRIPE yEllOW. DORSAl SuRfAcE Of fORElImbS ORANgE. CONcEAlEd SuRfAcES Of lImbS yEllOW- ORANgE. DARk bROWN lONgITudINAl STRIPE ON ANTERIOR ANd POSTERIOR SuRfAcES Of fORElImb ANd ANTERIOR ANd POSTERIOR SuRfAcES Of ThIgh. POSTERIOR SuRfAcE Of ThIgh INdISTINcTly mOTTlEd bROWN ANd yEllOW. VENTRAl SuRfAcE Of ThIgh PAlE gRAy. DORSAl SuRfAcE Of TIbIA WITh TRANSVERSE bROWN bANdS. VENTRAl SuRfAcES Of lImbS cREAm. ThROAT, ANTERIOR PORTION Of chEST ANd lOWER lIP mARgIN WITh A gRAy SPOTTEd PATTERN. IRIS blAck WITh A bRONzE RINg AROuNd PuPIl WITh cOOPER SPOTS. Morphological variation: AdulT mAlES Of Leucostethus jota sp. nov., ARE SmAllER ThAN fEmAlES (SEE DIAgNOSIS SEcTION) ANd EXhIbIT VARIATION IN ThE SWEllINg Of ThIRd fINgER RANgINg fROm A WEAk PREAXIAl SWEllINg TO A STRONgER PREAXIAl SWEllINg (e.g., MHUAA-7924). AlThOugh uSuAlly uNPIgmENTEd, SOmE AdulT mAlES hAVE A WEAk EXTENT Of dARk PIgmENTATION SuRROuNdINg ThE SEmINIfEROuS TubulES (SEE FIguRE 2 IN TOlOSA et al. 2014). Bioacoustics: ThE AdVERTISEmENT cAll Of Leucostethus jota sp. nov. cONSISTS Of A mId-PITchEd WhISTlE SINglE NOTE (FIguRE 6C). EAch NOTE hAS A duRATION Of AbOuT 0.14 SEcONdS (Sd �� 0.02; N = 70) EmITTEd AT A RATE Of 21.80 cAllS/ mINuTE (Sd �� 2.91; N = 70), WITh cAll INTERVAlS Of 2.55 SEcONdS (Sd �� 0.88; N = 70). ThE OScIllOgRAm (FIguRE 6C) ShOWS A RhOmbOId ShAPE WhERE ThE NOTE hAS ThE lOWEST AmPlITudE IN ThE bEgINNINg ANd INcREASES AT ThE ENd Of ThE cAll. ThE fREquENcy RANgES bETWEEN 3.70 KHz (Sd �� 0.09) ANd 4.90 KHz (Sd �� 0.09), WITh A PEAk fREquENcy Of 4.40 KHz (Sd �� 0.14). ThE AdVERTISEmENT cAll Of L. jota sp. nov. IS REAdIly dISTINguIShEd fROm ThE cAll Of Leucostethus fraterdanieli by hAVINg bOTh hIghER fREquENcy ANd lOWER cAll RATE (FIgS. 6 C���D). A lIST Of ThE NumbER Of cAllS PER SPEcImEN Of ThE cOllEcTEd ANd uNcOllEcTEd cAllINg mAlES Of L. fraterdanieli ANd L. jota sp. nov. ARE ShOWN IN TAblE 5. COmPARISON bETWEEN ThE AdVERTISEmENT cAll PARAmETERS Of L. jota sp. nov. ANd ITS clOSEST RElATIVE SPEcIES L. fraterdanieli IS ShOWN IN TAblE 6 ANd FIgS. 6A���D. ThE PCA bASEd ON SPEcTRAl PARAmETERS ANd cAll duRATION ShOWN L. jota sp. nov. bE hIghly dISTINcT fROm L. fraterdanieli IN ThE AcOuSTIc SPAcE (FIguRE 7). ThE fIRST PC AXIS WAS mAINly cORRElATEd WITh cAll RATE ANd SPEcTRAl PARAmETERS (lOW fREquENcy, hIgh fREquENcy ANd PEAk fREquENcy) WhIlE ThE SEcONd PC AXIS WAS cORRElATEd WITh cAll duRATION (TAblE 7). Leucostethus jota sp. nov. IS A dIuRNAl SPEcIES WITh cAll AcTIVITy RANgINg fROm 06:00���18:00 h. ThE SPEcIES PRESENTS VARIATION IN dAIly TEmPORAl cAllINg PATTERN WITh TWO AVERAgE cAllINg INTENSITy PEAkS: IN ThE mORNINg AbOuT 09:00���10:00 h ANd IN ThE AfTERNOON AbOuT 14:00���15:00 h (FIguRE 8). WhEN ObSERVEd VOcAlIzINg (FIguRE 9A), AIR TEmPERATuRE RANgEd bETWEEN 21.0��C TO 32.1��C ANd RElATIVE humIdITy RANgEd fROm 87.8% TO 92.3%. IN AgONISTIc bEhAVIOR, ThE ENcOuNTER cAll Of Leucostethus jota sp. nov. cONSISTS Of A SEquENcE Of ThREE TO fOuR NOTES, EAch ONE WITh A duRATION Of 0.09 SEcONdS (Sd �� 0.03; N = 7), WITh cAll INTERVAlS Of 0.2 SEcONdS (Sd �� 0.01; N= 7). ThE fREquENcy RANgES bETWEEN 3.5 KHz (Sd �� 0.1) ANd 4.7 KHz (Sd �� 0.2), WITh A PEAk fREquENcy Of 4.0 KHz (Sd �� 0.2). Distribution and natural history: Leucostethus jota sp. nov. IS A lEAf-lITTER dWEllINg fROg ThAT lIVES NEAR SmAll STREAmS IN PREmONTANE WET fORESTS IN ThE muNIcIPAlITIES Of AlEjANdR��A, AmAlfI, GRANAdA, SAN CARlOS, SAN RAfAEl ANd SAN ROquE IN ThE DEPARTmENT Of ANTIOquIA, COlOmbIA ON ThE EASTERN VERSANT Of ThE NORThERN CENTRAl CORdIllERA bETWEEN 1158���1514 m.A.S.l (FIguRE 10). IT IS cOmmONly fOuNd clOSE TO ThE ROOTS Of VEgETATION ANd ON ThE lEAf lITTER ThAT fORmS hOlES INTO WhIch INdIVIduAlS mOVE TO WhEN dISTuRbEd. ThIS fROg SEEmS TO hAVE AN AggREgATEd SPATIAl dISTRIbuTION WhERE INdIVIduAlS fORm mIXEd-SEX gROuPS Of 2 TO 8 INdIVIduAlS. NEVERThElESS, WE hAVE ObSERVEd AgONISTIc ENcOuNTERS bETWEEN mAlES, chANgINg ThE VOcAlIzATION (SEE BIOAcOuSTIcS) ANd SOmETImES fIghTINg WITh kIckS. Leucostethus jota sp. nov. IS AcTIVE ThROughOuT ThE yEAR ANd hAS cONTINuOuS REPROducTION (TAdPOlES ANd cAllINg mAlES fOuNd AROuNd ThE yEAR). FEmAlES lAy bETWEEN 10 ANd 18 TERRESTRIAl EggS IN ThE lEAf lITTER ThAT ARE cAREd fOR mAlES uNTIl hATchINg, ThEN, mAlES cARRy TAdPOlES ON ThEIR dORSum uNTIl ThEy ARE RElEASEd INTO ThE WATER (FIguRE 9B). ThE dIET Of ThIS fROg IS cOmPOSEd mAINly Of ANTS ANd OThER hymENOPTERANS, ANd cOlEOPTERANS (MuRIllO et al. uNPublIShEd). A ShORT-TERm dEmOgRAPhIc STudy (MOlINA-ZuluAgA et al. 2014) fOuNd bOTh hIgh SuRVIVAl PRObAbIlITIES ANd POPulATION gROWTh RATES IN ThE POPulATION Of L. jota sp. nov. fROm muNIcIPAlITy Of AlEjANdR��A, lOcAlITy El Ed��N, SuggESTINg A STAblE dEmOgRAPhIc STATuS Of ThIS POPulATION fOR ThIS PERIOd. AT PRESENT, L. jota sp. nov. IS kNOWN TO OccuR IN ThE PROTEcTEd AREAS Of ThE hydROElEcTRIc PROjEcTS CAldERAS IN ThE muNIcIPAlITy Of SAN CARlOS ANd JAguAS IN ThE muNIcIPAlITy Of AlEjANdR��A WhIch fAVOR ITS cONSERVATION STATuS., Published as part of Marin, Carlos M., Molina-Zuluaga, Claudia, Restrepo, Adriana, Cano, Estefany & Daza, Juan M., 2018, A new species of Leucostethus (Anura: Dendrobatidae) from the eastern versant of the Central Cordillera of Colombia and the phylogenetic status of Colostethus fraterdanieli, pp. 359-380 in Zootaxa 4461 (3) on pages 364-371, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4461.3.3, http://zenodo.org/record/1460121

Caecilia thompsoni Boulenger, 1902: Figure 7A Caecilia thompsoni Boulenger 1902: 152. Material examined. Table 1. A large caecilian with generally cylindrical body; eye in an open orbit and tentacular aperture below nostril, close to the anterior portion of the face (Lynch 1999). Caecilia thompsoni is readily distinguished from C. subnigricans (another species known from Magdalena river valley) by having a longer body (up to 1.5 m in C. thompsoni; 0.35–0.37 m in C. subnigricans) and more primary (187–240 in C. thompsoni; 145–169 in C. subnigricans) and secondary annuli (26–30 in C. thompsoni; 6–27 in C. subnigricans), Published as part of Restrepo, Adriana, Molina-Zuluaga, Claudia, Hurtado, Juan P., Marín, Carlos M. & Daza, Juan M., 2017, Amphibians and reptiles from two localities in the northern Andes of Colombia, pp. 203-237 in Check List 13 (4) on page 217, DOI: 10.15560/13.4.203, {"references":["Boulenger GA (1902) Descriptions of two new South-American apodal batrachians. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 7 th series 10: 152 - 153.","Lynch JD, Rueda-Almonacid JV (1999) New species of frogs from low and moderate elevations from the Caldas transect of the eastern flank of the Cordillera Central. Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicas y Naturales 23: 307 - 314."]}

Anolis sulcifrons Cope, 1899: Figure 8E Anolis sulcifrons Cope 1899: 6. Material examined. Table 2., Published as part of Restrepo, Adriana, Molina-Zuluaga, Claudia, Hurtado, Juan P., Marín, Carlos M. & Daza, Juan M., 2017, Amphibians and reptiles from two localities in the northern Andes of Colombia, pp. 203-237 in Check List 13 (4) on page 218, DOI: 10.15560/13.4.203, {"references":["Cope ED (1899) Contributions to the herpetology of New Granada and Argentina, with descriptions of new forms. Philadelphia Museums Science Bulletin 1: 1 - 19."]}

Xenodon rabdocephalus (Wied-Neuwied, 1824): Figure 14A Coluber rabdocephalus Wied-Neuwied 1824: 668. Xenodon rabdocephalus — Duméril et al. 1854: 758., Published as part of Restrepo, Adriana, Molina-Zuluaga, Claudia, Hurtado, Juan P., Marín, Carlos M. & Daza, Juan M., 2017, Amphibians and reptiles from two localities in the northern Andes of Colombia, pp. 203-237 in Check List 13 (4) on page 225, DOI: 10.15560/13.4.203, {"references":["Wied-Neuwied M (1824) Verzeichniss der Amphibien, welche im zweyten Bande der Naturgeschichte Brasiliens vom Prinz Max von Neuwied warden beschrieben warden. Isis von Oken 14: 661 - 673.","Dumeril AMC, Bibron G, Dumeril AHA (1854) Erpetologie generale ou Histoire Naturelle complete des Reptiles. Vol. 7. Librarie Encly- clope de Roret, Paris, 488 pp."]}

Coniophanes fissidens (Günther, 1858): Figure 12D Coronella fissidens Günther 1858: 36. Coniophanes fissidens — Pérez-Santos and Moreno 1988: 127. Material examined. Table 2. Erythrolamprus epinephelus (Cope, 1862): Figure 12E Liophis epinephalus Cope 1862: 78. Erythrolamprus epinephelus — Grazziotin et al. 2012: 21. Material examined. Table 2. Erythrolamprus melanotus (Shaw, 1802): Figure 12F Coluber melanotus Shaw 1802: 534. Erythrolamprus melanotus — Grazziotin et al. 2012: 21. This medium-sized species may be recognized by having 17-17-15 smooth dorsal scale rows. Its dorsal ground color is light brown and yellowish, with 3 dorsal dark brown lines that extend from the neck to the tail. The 2 more lateral lines, running along the fourth and fifth dorsal rows, begin as series of points and the vertebral line one is about 5 scale rows wide (Dixon and Michaud 1992). Ventral coloration is white or light yellow (Dixon and Michaud 1992). The most similar sympatric species is Erythrolamprus epinephelus, which differs in having a grayish ground color with mainly transversal blotches or bands, 2 lateral dark lines that begin only in the posterior portion of the body extending to the tail, and frequently a reddish to yellowish venter with black blotches (Dixon 1983). Erythrolamprus pseudocorallus Roze, 1959: Figure 12G Erythrolamprus pseudocorallus Roze 1959: 530. Material examined. Table 2. Imantodes cenchoa (Linnaeus, 1758): Figure 12H Coluber cenchoa Linnaeus 1758: 226. Material examined. Table 2., Published as part of Restrepo, Adriana, Molina-Zuluaga, Claudia, Hurtado, Juan P., Marín, Carlos M. & Daza, Juan M., 2017, Amphibians and reptiles from two localities in the northern Andes of Colombia, pp. 203-237 in Check List 13 (4) on page 225, DOI: 10.15560/13.4.203, {"references":["Gunther A (1858) Catalogue of Colubrine Snakes of the Bitish Museum. London, Printed by order of the Trustees, 318 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 13272","Perez-Santos C, Moreno AG (1988) Ofidios de Colombia. Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali. Torino, 517 pp.","Cope ED (1862) Catalogues of the reptiles obtained during the explo- rations of the Parana, Paraguay, Vermeio and Uraguay Rivers, by Capt. Thos. J. Page, U. S. N.; and of those procured by Lieut. N. Michler, U. S. Top. Eng., Commander of the expedition conducting the survey of the Atrato River. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 14: 346 - 359.","Grazziotin FG, Zaher H., Murphy RW, Scrocchi G, Benavides MA, Zhang Y, Bonatto SL (2012) Molecular phylogeny of the New World Dipsadidae (Serpentes: Colubroidea): a reappraisal. Cladistics 28 (5): 437 - 459. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 0031.2012.00393. x","Shaw G (1802) General Zoology, or Systematic Natural History. Vol. 3, part 2. London, G. Kearsley, Thomas Davison, 313 - 615.","Dixon JR, Michaud EJ (1992) Shaw's black-backed snake (Liophis melanotus) (Serpentes: Colubridae) of northern South America. Journal of Herpetology 26 (3): 250 - 259. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 1564878","Dixon JR (1983) A first record for an Amazonian snake similar to the Eastern Brazilian Liophis. Copeia 1983 (3): 791 - 802. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 1441003","Roze JA (1959) El genero Erythrolamprus Wagler (Serpentes; Colubri- dae) en Venezuela. Acta Biologica Venezuelica 2: 523 - 534.","Linnaeus C (1758) Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, Secundum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, cum Characteribus, Differentiis, Syninymis, Locis. 10 th Edition. Volume 1. L. Salvii. Stockholm, 881 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 542"]}

Anolis auratus Daudin, 1802: Figure 8C Anolis auratus Daudin 1802: 89. Material examined. Table 2., Published as part of Restrepo, Adriana, Molina-Zuluaga, Claudia, Hurtado, Juan P., Marín, Carlos M. & Daza, Juan M., 2017, Amphibians and reptiles from two localities in the northern Andes of Colombia, pp. 203-237 in Check List 13 (4) on page 218, DOI: 10.15560/13.4.203, {"references":["Daudin FM (1802) Histoire Naturelle, Generale et Particuliere des Reptiles, Vol 4. F. Dufart, Paris, 426 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 60678"]}

Anolis vittigerus Cope, 1862 Anolis vittigerus Cope 1862: 179. Material examined. Table 2., Published as part of Restrepo, Adriana, Molina-Zuluaga, Claudia, Hurtado, Juan P., Marín, Carlos M. & Daza, Juan M., 2017, Amphibians and reptiles from two localities in the northern Andes of Colombia, pp. 203-237 in Check List 13 (4) on page 218, DOI: 10.15560/13.4.203, {"references":["Cope ED (1862) Catalogues of the reptiles obtained during the explo- rations of the Parana, Paraguay, Vermeio and Uraguay Rivers, by Capt. Thos. J. Page, U. S. N.; and of those procured by Lieut. N. Michler, U. S. Top. Eng., Commander of the expedition conducting the survey of the Atrato River. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 14: 346 - 359."]}

The northern Andes are a geographically, climatically, and ecologically complex area that harbors a high number of species and presents a high level of endemism. However, the landscape of this region has been highly transformed by human activities, including agriculture, cattle grazing, urbanization, and recently, the construction of large infrastructure projects. This study presents a list of amphibians and reptiles compiled from field surveys carried out between 2006 and 2016 in the protected areas surrounding 2 hydroelectric projects located on the eastern flank of the northern Cordillera Central in Colombia. The checklist is comprised of 101 species (43 amphibians and 58 reptiles), including 17 endemic to Colombia and 4 threatened species. The high species density, high representativeness of the regional biodiversity, and high level of amphibian endemism make these 2 protected areas important for conservation of the regional herpetofauna.

Leptodactylus fuscus (Schneider, 1799): Figure 6F Rana fusca Schneider 1799: 130. Leptodactylus fuscus — Heyer 1968: 160. Material examined. Table 1. Leptodactylus savagei Heyer, 2005: Figure 6G Leptodactylus savagei Heyer 2005: 330. Bolitoglossa ramosi Brame & Wake, 1972: Figure 6H Bolitoglossa ramosi Brame and Wake 1972: 9. Material examined. Table 1., Published as part of Restrepo, Adriana, Molina-Zuluaga, Claudia, Hurtado, Juan P., Marín, Carlos M. & Daza, Juan M., 2017, Amphibians and reptiles from two localities in the northern Andes of Colombia, pp. 203-237 in Check List 13 (4) on page 217, DOI: 10.15560/13.4.203, {"references":["Schneider JG (1799) Historia Amphibiorum Naturalis et Literarariae, Fasciculus Primus. Continens Ranas, Calamitas, Bufones, Sala- mandras et Hydros in Genera et Species Descriptos Notisque suis Distinctos. Friederici Frommanni, Jenna, 290 pp. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 4270","Heyer WR (1968) The proper name for the type-species of the genus Leptodactylus. Copeia 1968: 160 - 162.","Heyer WR (2005) Variation and taxonomic clarification of the large spe- cies of the Leptodactylus pentadactylus species group (Amphibia: Leptodactylidae) from Middle America, northern South America, and Amazonia. Arquivos de Zoologia 37: 269 - 348.","Brame AH, Wake DB (1972) New species of salamanders (genus Bolitoglossa) from Colombia, Ecuador, and Panama. Contributions in Science, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County 219: 1 - 34."]}

Anolis tropidogaster Hallowell, 1956: Figure 8F Anolis tropidogaster Hallowell 1956: 224., Published as part of Restrepo, Adriana, Molina-Zuluaga, Claudia, Hurtado, Juan P., Marín, Carlos M. & Daza, Juan M., 2017, Amphibians and reptiles from two localities in the northern Andes of Colombia, pp. 203-237 in Check List 13 (4) on page 218, DOI: 10.15560/13.4.203

Leptodeira septentrionalis Kennicott, 1859: Figure 13A Leptodeira septentrionalis Kennicott in Baird 1859: 16. Material examined. Table 2., Published as part of Restrepo, Adriana, Molina-Zuluaga, Claudia, Hurtado, Juan P., Marín, Carlos M. & Daza, Juan M., 2017, Amphibians and reptiles from two localities in the northern Andes of Colombia, pp. 203-237 in Check List 13 (4) on page 225, DOI: 10.15560/13.4.203, {"references":["Baird SF (1859) Reptiles of the boundary. In: United States and Mexi- can Boundary Survey under the Order of Lieut. Col. W. H. Emory, Major First Cavalry, and United States Commissioner. 2, Rept, Pt 2. Department of the Interior, Washington DC, 35 pp."]}

Epicrionops parkeri (Dunn, 1942): Figure 7C Rhinatrema parkeri Dunn 1942: 458. Epicrionops parkeri — Taylor 1968: 216. Material examined. Table 1. A bicolored caecilian with well-developed tail; lateral stripe yellow, cream or white from head or second collar onto tail; stripe ending at posterior level of vent; subcaudal region dark lilac to blackish (Taylor 1968). Epicrionops parkeri differs from E. bicolor (a species with similar coloration pattern distributed in Colombia) by having a larger body length and 198 primary annuli (in contrast to 117–135 primary annuli in E. bicolor)., Published as part of Restrepo, Adriana, Molina-Zuluaga, Claudia, Hurtado, Juan P., Marín, Carlos M. & Daza, Juan M., 2017, Amphibians and reptiles from two localities in the northern Andes of Colombia, pp. 203-237 in Check List 13 (4) on page 217, DOI: 10.15560/13.4.203, {"references":["Dunn ER (1942) The American caecilians. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University 91: 439 - 540.","Taylor EH (1968) The Caecilians of the World: A Taxonomic Review. University of Kansas Press, Lawrence, 848 pp."]}

Urotheca fulviceps (Cope, 1886): Figure 13H Rhadinaea fulviceps Cope 1886: 279. Urotheca fulviceps — Savage and Crother 1989: 343. Material examined. Table 2., Published as part of Restrepo, Adriana, Molina-Zuluaga, Claudia, Hurtado, Juan P., Marín, Carlos M. & Daza, Juan M., 2017, Amphibians and reptiles from two localities in the northern Andes of Colombia, pp. 203-237 in Check List 13 (4) on page 225, DOI: 10.15560/13.4.203, {"references":["Cope ED (1886) Thirteenth contribution to the herpetology of tropical America. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 23: 271 - 287.","Savage JM, Crother BI (1989) The status of Pliocercus and Urotheca (Serpentes: Colubridae), with a review of included species of coral snake mimics. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 95: 335 - 362. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1989. tb 02315. x"]}

Hyloscirtus palmeri (Boulenger, 1908): Figure 5F Hyla palmeri Boulenger 1908: 515. Hyloscirtus palmeri — Faivovich et al. 2005: 85. Material examined. Table 1. Phyllomedusa venusta Duellman & Trueb, 1967: Figure 5G Phyllomedusa venusta Duellman and Trueb 1967: 128. Material examined. Table 1., Published as part of Restrepo, Adriana, Molina-Zuluaga, Claudia, Hurtado, Juan P., Marín, Carlos M. & Daza, Juan M., 2017, Amphibians and reptiles from two localities in the northern Andes of Colombia, pp. 203-237 in Check List 13 (4) on page 214, DOI: 10.15560/13.4.203, {"references":["Boulenger GA (1908) Descriptions of new batrachians and reptiles dis- covered by Mr. M. G. Palmer in south-western Colombia. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 8 th series 2: 515 - 522.","Faivovich J, Haddad CFB, Garcia PCA, Frost DR, Campbell JA, Wheeler WC (2005) Systematic review of the frog family Hyli- dae, with special reference to Hylinae: a phylogenetic analysis and taxonomic revision. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 294: 1 - 240.","Duellman WE, Trueb L (1967) Two new species of tree frogs (genus Phyllomedusa) from Panama. Copeia 1967: 125 - 131. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 1442184"]}

Ninia atrata (Hallowell, 1845): Figure 13B Coluber atratus Hallowell 1845: 245. Ninia atrata — Cope 1860: 340. Material examined. Table 2. Ninia tereseitae Angarita-Sierra & Lynch, 2017: Figure 13C Ninia tereseitae Angarita-Sierra and Lynch (2017): 478. Material examined. Table 2. Oxyrhopus petolarius (Linnaeus, 1758): Figure 13D Coluber petola Linnaeus 1758: 225. Oxyrhopus petolarius — Duméril and Bibron 1854: 1033. Material examined. Table 2. Rhadinaea decorata (Günther, 1858): Figure 13E Coronella decorata Günther 1858: 35. Rhadinaea decorata — Taylor 1949: 196. Material examined. Table 2. This small, brown snake has a white, black-bordered line that goes from the postoculars through the fifth and sixth dorsal rows to the tip of the tail. The vertebral region is a little paler than below the lines. Specimens of Rhadinaea decorata often have a subpreocular scale and 110–134 ventral scales (Myers 1974). The most similar species in the region is Urotheca fulviceps, which has a reddish or purple head band, a pale line running along the first and second dorsal scale rows and more than 136 ventrals., Published as part of Restrepo, Adriana, Molina-Zuluaga, Claudia, Hurtado, Juan P., Marín, Carlos M. & Daza, Juan M., 2017, Amphibians and reptiles from two localities in the northern Andes of Colombia, pp. 203-237 in Check List 13 (4) on page 225, DOI: 10.15560/13.4.203, {"references":["Hallowell E (1845) Descriptions of reptiles from South America, sup- posed to be new. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 2: 241 - 247.","Angarita-Sierra T, Lynch JD (2017) A new species of Ninia (Serpen- tes: Dipsadidae) from Choco-Magdalena biogeographical prov- ince, western Colombia. Zootaxa 4244 (4): 478 - 492. http: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4244.4.2","Linnaeus C (1758) Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, Secundum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, cum Characteribus, Differentiis, Syninymis, Locis. 10 th Edition. Volume 1. L. Salvii. Stockholm, 881 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 542","Dumeril AMC, Bibron G, Dumeril AHA (1854) Erpetologie generale ou Histoire Naturelle complete des Reptiles. Vol. 7. Librarie Encly- clope de Roret, Paris, 488 pp.","Gunther A (1858) Catalogue of Colubrine Snakes of the Bitish Museum. London, Printed by order of the Trustees, 318 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 13272","Taylor EH (1949) A preliminary account of the herpetology of the state of San Luis Potosi, Mexico. University of Kansas Science Bulletin 33 (2): 169 - 215.","Myers CW (1974) The systematics of Rhadinaea (Colubridae), a genus of new world snakes. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 153 (1): 1 - 262."]}

Clelia clelia (Daudin, 1803): Figure 12C Coluber clelia Daudin 1803: 330. Clelia clelia — Zaher 1996: 301., Published as part of Restrepo, Adriana, Molina-Zuluaga, Claudia, Hurtado, Juan P., Marín, Carlos M. & Daza, Juan M., 2017, Amphibians and reptiles from two localities in the northern Andes of Colombia, pp. 203-237 in Check List 13 (4) on page 225, DOI: 10.15560/13.4.203, {"references":["Daudin FM (1803) Histoire Naturelle Generale et Particuliere des Rep- tiles. Vol. 6. F. Dufart, Paris, 426 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 60678","Zaher H (1996) A new genus and species of pseudoboine snake, with a revision of the genus Clelia (Serpentes, Xenodontinae). Bolletino dei Musei Regionale Sciencia naturali di Torino 14: 289 - 337."]}

Anolis fuscoauratus D’Orbigny, 1837 Anolis fuscoauratus D’Orbigny in Duméril and Bibron 1837: 110. Material examined. Table 2., Published as part of Restrepo, Adriana, Molina-Zuluaga, Claudia, Hurtado, Juan P., Marín, Carlos M. & Daza, Juan M., 2017, Amphibians and reptiles from two localities in the northern Andes of Colombia, pp. 203-237 in Check List 13 (4) on page 218, DOI: 10.15560/13.4.203, {"references":["Dumeril AMC, Bibron G (1837) Erpetologie Generale ou Histoire Naturelle Complete des Reptiles. Vol. 4. Libr. Encyclopedique Roret, Paris, 570 pp."]}

Anolis aff. granuliceps: Figure 8D Material examined. Table 2., Published as part of Restrepo, Adriana, Molina-Zuluaga, Claudia, Hurtado, Juan P., Marín, Carlos M. & Daza, Juan M., 2017, Amphibians and reptiles from two localities in the northern Andes of Colombia, pp. 203-237 in Check List 13 (4) on page 218, DOI: 10.15560/13.4.203

Microcaecilia pricei (Dunn, 1944): Figure 7B Gymnopis pricei Dunn 1944: 473. Microcaecilia pricei — Wilkinson, O’Connor and Nassbaum 2013: 7. Material examined. Table 1., Published as part of Restrepo, Adriana, Molina-Zuluaga, Claudia, Hurtado, Juan P., Marín, Carlos M. & Daza, Juan M., 2017, Amphibians and reptiles from two localities in the northern Andes of Colombia, pp. 203-237 in Check List 13 (4) on page 217, DOI: 10.15560/13.4.203, {"references":["Dunn ER (1944) Notes in Colombian herpetology, III. Caldasia 2: 473 - 474."]}

Scinax rostratus (Peters, 1863): Figure 6A Hyla rostrata Peters 1863 a: 466. Scinax rostratus — Köhler and Böhme 1996: 139. Material examined. Table 1. A moderate-sized hylid frog characterized by a conspicuous acuminate and projecting snout in dorsal view, protruding in lateral view (Duellman 1970). Scinax rostratus is readily distinguished from Scinax ruber and Smilisca sila (both species occurring in the Magdalena river valley) by the combination of its characteristic snout and coloration pattern (surfaces of thighs yellow or pale orange with black or dark brown markings in S. rostratus; distinct black and white markings on posterior thighs in S. ruber; blue spots on flanks and posterior surfaces of the thighs in S. sila)., Published as part of Restrepo, Adriana, Molina-Zuluaga, Claudia, Hurtado, Juan P., Marín, Carlos M. & Daza, Juan M., 2017, Amphibians and reptiles from two localities in the northern Andes of Colombia, pp. 203-237 in Check List 13 (4) on page 214, DOI: 10.15560/13.4.203, {"references":["Peters WCH (1863) Fernere Mittheilungen uber neue Batrachier. Monatsberichte der Koniglich Preussischen Akademie der Wissen- schaften zu Berlin 1863: 445 - 470.","Kohler J, Bohme W (1996) Anuran amphibians from the region of Pre-Cambrian rock outcrops (inselbergs) in northeastern Bolivia, with a note on the gender of Scinax Wagler, 1830 (Hylidae). Revue Francaise d'Aquariologie, Herpetologie 23: 133 - 140.","Duellman WE (1970) The hylid frogs of Middle America. Monograph of the Museum of Natural History, the University of Kansas 1: 1 - 753. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 2835"]}

The minimum size of sexual maturity and sexual dimorphism are important life history traits useful to study and understand the population dynamics of any species. In this study, we determined the minimum size at sexual maturity and the existence of sexual dimorphism in a population of the rocket-frog, Colostethus aff. fraterdanieli, by means of morphological and morphometric data and macro and microscopic observation of the gonads. Females attained sexual maturity at 17.90 ± 0.1 mm snout-vent length (SVL), while males attained sexual maturity at 16.13 ± 0.06 mm SVL. Females differed from males in size, shape and throat coloration. Males were smaller than females and had a marked and dark throat coloration that sometimes extended to the chest, while females lacked this characteristic, with a throat either immaculate or weakly pigmented. In this study, we describe some important aspects of the reproductive ecology of a population of C. aff. fraterdanieli useful as a baseline for other more specialized studies. El tamaño mínimo de madurez sexual y el dimorfismo sexual son importantes características de historia de vida, útiles para estudiar y comprender la dinámica poblacional de cualquier especie. En este estudio, determinamos el tamaño mínimo de madurez sexual y la existencia de dimorfismo sexual en una población de la ranita cohete, Colostethus aff. fraterdanieli, a través de datos morfológicos y morfométricos y de observaciones macro y microscópicas de las gónadas. Las hembras alcanzan la madurez sexual a los 17,90 ± 0,1 mm de longitud rostro cloaca (SVL), mientras que los machos alcanzan la madurez sexual sobre los 16,13 ± 0,06 mm (SVL). Las hembras difirieron de los machos en tamaño, forma y coloración de la garganta. Los machos fueron más pequeños que las hembras y tuvieron una marcada y oscura coloración gular que algunas veces se extiende hasta el pecho, mientras que las hembras carecen de esta característica, con una garganta inmaculada o débilmente manchada. En este estudio, describimos algunos aspectos importantes de la ecología reproductiva de una población de C. aff. fraterdanieli útiles como línea base para otros estudios más especializados.

The minimum size of sexual maturity and sexual dimorphism are important life history traits useful to study and understand the population dynamics of any species. In this study, we determined the minimum size at sexual maturity and the existence of sexual dimorphism in a population of the rocket-frog, Colostethus aff. fraterdanieli, by means of morphological and morphometric data and macro and microscopic observation of the gonads. Females attained sexual maturity at 17.90 ± 0.1 mm snout-vent length (SVL), while males attained sexual maturity at 16.13 ± 0.06 mm SVL. Females differed from males in size, shape and throat coloration. Males were smaller than females and had a marked and dark throat coloration that sometimes extended to the chest, while females lacked this characteristic, with a throat either immaculate or weakly pigmented. In this study, we describe some important aspects of the reproductive ecology of a population of C. aff. fraterdanieli useful as a baseline for other more specialized studies. RESUMEN: El tamaño mínimo de madurez sexual y el dimorfismo sexual son importantes características de historia de vida, útiles para estudiar y comprender la dinámica poblacional de cualquier especie. En este estudio, determinamos el tamaño mínimo de madurez sexual y la existencia de dimorfismo sexual en una población de la ranita cohete, Colostethus aff. fraterdanieli, a través de datos morfológicos y morfométricos y de observaciones macro y microscópicas de las gónadas. Las hembras alcanzan la madurez sexual a los 17,90 ± 0,1 mm de longitud rostro cloaca (SVL), mientras que los machos alcanzan la madurez sexual sobre los 16,13 ± 0,06 mm (SVL). Las hembras difirieron de los machos en tamaño, forma y coloración de la garganta. Los machos fueron más pequeños que las hembras y tuvieron una marcada y oscura coloración figular que algunas veces se extiende hasta el pecho, mientras que las hembras carecen de esta característica, con una garganta inmaculada o débilmente manchada. En este estudio, describimos algunos aspectos importantes de la ecología reproductiva de una población de C. aff. fraterdanieli útiles como línea base para otros estudios más especializados.