1. Heparan sulfate deficiency disrupts developmental angiogenesis and causes congenital diaphragmatic hernia
- Author
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Zhang, Bing, Xiao, Wenyuan, Qiu, Hong, Zhang, Fuming, Moniz, Heather A, Jaworski, Alexander, Condac, Eduard, Gutierrez-Sanchez, Gerardo, Heiss, Christian, Clugston, Robin D, Azadi, Parastoo, Greer, John J, Bergmann, Carl, Moremen, Kelley W, Li, Dean, Linhardt, Robert J, Esko, Jeffrey D, and Wang, Lianchun
- Subjects
Biochemistry and Cell Biology ,Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ,Biological Sciences ,Pediatric ,Lung ,Congenital Structural Anomalies ,Perinatal Period - Conditions Originating in Perinatal Period ,Preterm ,Low Birth Weight and Health of the Newborn ,Digestive Diseases ,Genetics ,Infant Mortality ,Rare Diseases ,Animals ,Apoptosis ,Cell Hypoxia ,Cell Movement ,Cell Proliferation ,Cell Survival ,Diaphragm ,Endothelial Cells ,Female ,Genetic Association Studies ,Heparitin Sulfate ,Hernia ,Diaphragmatic ,Hernias ,Diaphragmatic ,Congenital ,Male ,Membrane Proteins ,Mice ,Mice ,Knockout ,Neovascularization ,Physiologic ,Nerve Tissue Proteins ,Penetrance ,Receptors ,Cell Surface ,Receptors ,Immunologic ,Signal Transduction ,Sulfotransferases ,Tendons ,Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ,Medical and Health Sciences ,Immunology ,Biological sciences ,Biomedical and clinical sciences ,Health sciences - Abstract
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a common birth malformation with a heterogeneous etiology. In this study, we report that ablation of the heparan sulfate biosynthetic enzyme NDST1 in murine endothelium (Ndst1ECKO mice) disrupted vascular development in the diaphragm, which led to hypoxia as well as subsequent diaphragm hypoplasia and CDH. Intriguingly, the phenotypes displayed in Ndst1ECKO mice resembled the developmental defects observed in slit homolog 3 (Slit3) knockout mice. Furthermore, introduction of a heterozygous mutation in roundabout homolog 4 (Robo4), the gene encoding the cognate receptor of SLIT3, aggravated the defect in vascular development in the diaphragm and CDH. NDST1 deficiency diminished SLIT3, but not ROBO4, binding to endothelial heparan sulfate and attenuated EC migration and in vivo neovascularization normally elicited by SLIT3-ROBO4 signaling. Together, these data suggest that heparan sulfate presentation of SLIT3 to ROBO4 facilitates initiation of this signaling cascade. Thus, our results demonstrate that loss of NDST1 causes defective diaphragm vascular development and CDH and that heparan sulfate facilitates angiogenic SLIT3-ROBO4 signaling during vascular development.
- Published
- 2014