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El tigre de los almendros ha sido reportado en algunas áreas de Argentina, afectando álamos y sauces. Este insecto es una pequeña chinche, de 2 a 2,5 mm de longitud. De forma ovalada y color marrón grisáceo, con manchas en las alas. La ninfa es de apariencia similar, más pequeña y carece de alas. Se agrupan en colonias, en el envés de las hojas, y pasan por 5 estadios. EEA La Consulta Fil: Holgado, Miriam. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina Fil: Quiroga, Viviana. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina Fil: Riquelme, Andres. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina

Bu çalışma ile 2009-2011 yılları arasında Diyarbakır ve Mardin illerinde badem ağaçlarında önemli zararlara yol açan Monosteira lobulifera Reuter (Hemiptera: Tingidae) ile kavak ve söğüt ağaçlarında önemli zararlara yol açan M. unicostata (Mulsant & Rey)’nın (Hemiptera: Tingidae) ergin popülasyon gelişimi belirlenmiştir. Popülasyon gelişiminin takibi için gözle kontrol ve darbe yöntemi uygulanmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda, M. lobulifera’nın badem ağaçları üzerindeki ergin popülasyon yoğunluğu Çermik (Diyarbakır) ilçesinde 2010 yılında 31 Temmuz (131 ergin), 2011 yılında 13 Ağustos (130 ergin); Artuklu (Mardin) ilçesinde 2010 yılında 22 Ağustos (579 ergin), 2011 yılında 17 Eylül (498 ergin); Yeşilli (Mardin) ilçesinde 2010 yılında 15 Ağustos (550 ergin) ve 2011 yılında 21 Ağustos (556 ergin) tarihinde tepe noktasına ulaşmıştır. Monosteira unicostata’nın kavak üzerindeki ergin popülasyon yoğunluğu Mazıdağı (Mardin) ilçesinde 2010 yılında 4 Eylül (360 ergin), 2011 yılında 5 Eylül (400 ergin); Artuklu (Mardin) ilçesinde 2010 yılında 4 Eylül (161 ergin) ve 2011 yılında 5 Eylül (158 ergin) tarihinde tepe noktasına ulaşmıştır. M. unicostata’nın söğüt ağaçlarındaki ergin popülasyon yoğunluğu Mazıdağı (Mardin) ilçesinde 2010 yılında 4 Eylül (326 ergin), 2011 yılında 17 Eylül (450 ergin); Artuklu (Mardin) ilçesinde 2010 yılında 4 Eylül (106 ergin) ve 2011 yılında 17 Eylül (98 ergin) tarihinde tepe noktasına ulaşmıştır., In this study, the adult population development of Monosteira lobulifera Reuter (Hemiptera: Tingidae) which causes serious damage on almond and M. unicostata (Mulsant & Rey) (Hemiptera: Tingidae) which causes serious damage on poplar and willow trees was determined in Diyarbakır and Mardin provinces between 2009 and 2011. In the study, visual inspection and shaking method were used to monitor the population development of two pests. As a result of the study, the adult population density of M. lobulifera on almond trees reached peak level on July 31, 2010 (131 adults) and on August 13, 2011 (130 adults) in Çermik (Diyarbakır) district; on August 22, 2010 (579 adults) and on September 17, 2011 (498 adults) in Artuklu (Mardin) district; on August 15, 2010 (550 adults) and on August 21, 2011 (556 adults) in Yeşilli (Mardin) district. The adult population density of M. unicostata on poplar trees reached peak level on September 4, 2010 (360 adults) and on September 5, 2011 (400 adults) in Mazıdağı (Mardin) district; on September 4, 2010 (161 adults) and on September 5, 2011 (158 adults) in Artuklu (Mardin) district. The adult population density of M. unicostata on willow trees reached peak level on September 4, 2010 (326 adults) and on September 17, 2011 (450 adults) in Mazıdağı (Mardin) district; on September 4, 2010 (106) and on September 17, 2011 (98 adults) in Artuklu (Mardin) district.

This study was carried out in the localities of Datça, Fethiye, Seydikemer (Mugla) and Akhisar, Kula (Manisa) where almond plantations are common in Aegean region from 2014 to 2016. During this study, 63 insect species belonging to 18 families from Hemiptera order were found. Among these insects 15 species feed in almond trees. For the first time, Typhlocyba rosae and Zygina discolor were identified to feed in almond trees in Turkey in this study. T. rosae and Z. discolour feed on and under the leaves this situation lead to leaves turn into whitish. It was concluded that Monosteira unicostata, which has the highest population density among species., Bu çalışma, 2014-2016 yılları arasında Ege Bölgesi'nde badem yetiştiriciliğinin yaygın olduğu Datça, Fethiye, Seydikemer (Muğla) ve Akhisar, Kula (Manisa) ilçelerinde yapılmıştır. Bu çalışma sırasında Hemiptera takımına bağlı 18 familyaya ait 63 böcek türü bulunmuştur. Bu böcekler arasında 15 tür badem ağaçlarında beslendiği saptanmıştır. Typhlocyba rosae ve Zygina discolor türlerinin Türkiye'de badem ağaçlarında beslenmeleri ilk kez bu çalışma ile tespit edilmiştir. Typhlocyba rosae ve Z. discolor yaprakların üzerinde ve altında renk solması yapar ve bu durum yaprakların beyazımsı hale gelmesine neden olur. Türler arasında en yüksek popülasyona sahip olan türün Monosteira unicostata olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır

Monosteira unicostata (Mulsant & Rey, 1852) Material examined: EUROPEAN TURKEY: Edirne province: Keşan, Doğanca, 250 m, 19.07.2016, 1♀; Karahisar, 190 m, 15♀♀, 12♂♂; Paşayiğit, 80 m, 20.07.2 016, 1♂; Kırklareli province: Lüleburgaz, Düğüncübaşı, 270 m, 17.07.2016, 1♀, 1♂; Tekirdağ province: Çorlu, 120 m, 16.07.2016, 4♂♂. Asian Turkey: Horváth (1906), Seidenstücker (1954), Hoberlandt (1956), Linnavuori (1965, as Monosteira pardoi), Önder & Adıguzel (1979), Lodos & Önder (1983), Péricart (1983), Péricart & Golub (1996), Önder et al. (2006), Bolu (2002, 2007), Maral et al. (2013), Matoq et al. (2014). European Turkey: Hoberlandt (1956), Lodos & Önder (1983), this study. Comments: This Holomediterranean species has been reported from Asia Minor by Horváth (1906) without a locality and is widely distributed in Anatolia. It was found on Salix sp. in 5 different localities in Turkish Thrace and the extensive damage it caused on Salix was observed., Published as part of Dursun, Ahmet & Fent, Meral, 2017, Annotated Checklist of Tingidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) in Turkey with new records for the faunas of Europe and Turkish Thrace, pp. 465-491 in Zootaxa 4347 (3) on page 478, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4347.3.3, http://zenodo.org/record/1048601, {"references":["Horvath, G. (1906) Synopsis Tingitidarum Regionis palaearcticae. Annales Historico - - Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici, 4, 1 - 117.","Seidenstucker, G. (1954) Monanthia triconula n. sp. und einigen Tingiden aus der sudlichen Turkei. Revue de la Faculte des Sciences de l'Universite d'Istanbul, Serie B., Sciences Naturelles, 19 (3), 231 - 236.","Hoberlandt, L. (1956) Results of the Zoological Scientific Expedition of the National Museum in Prague to Turkey. 18. Hemiptera IV. Terrestrial Hemiptera- Heteroptera of Turkey. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae, Supplementum, 3 (1955), 1 - 264.","Linnavuori, R. (1965) Studies of the South and East Mediterranen Hemipterous Fauna III, Hemipterological Observations from Turkey. Acta Entomologica Fennica, 21, 44 - 61.","Onder, F. & Adiguzel, N. (1979) Some Heteroptera collected by light trap in Diyarbakir (Turkey). Turkish Journal of Plant Protection, 3 (1), 25 - 34.","Lodos, N. & Onder, F. (1983) Preliminary List of Tingidae with Notes on Distribution and Importance of Species in Turkey. Ege Universitesi Ziraat Fakultesi Yayinlari, 449, 1 - 51.","Pericart, J. (1983) Hemipteres Tingidae Euro-Mediterraneens. Faune de France 69. Federation Francaise des Societes de Sciences Naturelles, Paris, 618 pp.","Pericart, J. & Golub, V. (1996) Superfamily Tingoidea Laporte, 1832. In: Aukema, B. & Rieger, Ch. (Eds.), Catalogue of the Heteroptera of the Palaearctic Region. Vol. 2. Cimicomorpha I. The Netherlands Entomological Society, Amsterdam, pp. 3 - 78.","Onder, F., Karsavuran, Y., Tezcan, S. & Fent, M. (2006) Turkiye Heteroptera (Insecta) Katalo g u. (Heteroptera (Insecta) catalogue of Turkey). Ege Universitesi Ziraat Fakultesi, Izmir, 164 pp. [in Turkish, English title and forword]","Bolu, H. (2002) Guneydogu Anadolu Bolgesi antepfistigi alanlarindaki bocek ve akar faunasinin saptanmasi (Investigations on the fauna of insects and mites in pistachio areas in South Eastern Anatolia Region of Turkey) Turkiye Entomoloji Dergisi, 26 (3), 197 - 208. [in Turkish]","Bolu, H. (2007) Population dynamics of Lacebugs (Heteroptera: Tingidae) and its natural enemies in almond orchards of Turkey. Journal of the Entomological Research Society, 9 (1), 33 - 37.","Maral, H., Ulusoy, M. R., Bolu, H. & Guilbert, E. (2013) Faunistic studies on Tingidae (Hemiptera) species of Diyarbakir, Mardin and Elazig provinces. Turkish Bulletin of Entomology, 3 (4), 139 - 155."]}

Se cita a la especie paleártica Monosteira unicostata (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Tingidae), por primera vez para el nuevo mundo, con materiales provenientes de la provincia de Mendoza, República Argentina. Fueron encontradas sobre Salicaceae. Se muestran imágenes del material colectado, así como la ubicación geográfica de los sitios de muestreo. Se comenta brevemente la importancia de la aparición de esta especie en esa región. The Palaearctic species Monosteira unicostata (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Tingidae) is cited for the first time for the new world, with materials from the province of Mendoza, Argentina. They were found on Salicaceae. Images of the collected material are shown as well as the geographical location of the sampling sites. The importance of the appearance of this species in the region is briefly discussed. Fil: Carpintero, Diego Leonardo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia"; Argentina. Universidad Maimónides. Departamento de Ciencias Naturales y Antropología ; Argentina Fil: López Plantey, Rodrigo Javier. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina Fil: Quiroga, Viviana N.. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina Fil: Holgado, Miriam G.. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina

Monosteira unicostata is reported as established in British Columbia, and thus is a new alien species in North America. It has also been intercepted in Ontario on imported grapes. A description of M. unicostata and a key to the genera of Tingidae in Canada are provided to help distinguish this adventive species from other Canadian Tingidae. This brings the total adventitive Tingidae in this country to six.

Monosteira unicostata (Mulsant & Rey, 1852) Widely distributed in arid territories of the Palearctic from North Africa and south Europe to Mongolia (P��ricart & Golub, 1996). Known from Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, Henan, and Xinjiang provinces (Jing, 1981; Hua, 2001). Material examined. 1 3, Fukang, 11.VII. 2005 (Bai X.); 1 ��, Jinghe Aibihu, 23.VII. 2005 (Cai W.); 4 3 6 ��, Ginghe Aibihu, 14.VII. 2005 (Bai X.); Yili, 14.VII. 2005 (Luo ZH); 1 3, Hejing Gongnaisi, 20.VII. 2005 (Bai X.); 1 ��, Kuerte 26 tuan, 13.VII. 2005 (Luo ZH); 147 tuan, north of Shihezi, Plant Protection office, poplar, 29.VII. 2010. (N. Vinokurov); Guerbantonggute Desert, 65 km N of Urumchi, 460 m (44 �� 27 ' N; 87 �� 52 ' E), poplar, 02.VIII. 2010 (N. Vinokurov), Published as part of Golub, Victor B., Luo, Zhaohui & Vinokurov, Nikolai N., 2012, Studies of True Bugs of Xinjiang, Western China. II. Cimicomorpha: Lace Bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Tingidae: Tinginae), pp. 69-82 in Zootaxa 3580 on pages 78-79, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.214442, {"references":["Pericart, J. A. & Golub, V. B. (1996) Superfamily Tingoidea Laporte, 1832. In: Catalogue of the Heteroptera of Palearctic Region. Aukema, B. & Rieger, Ch. (Eds). Vol. 2. Cimicomorpha I: 3 - 83. Netherland's Entomological Society. Wageningen.","Jing, X. L. (1981) Tingidae. In: Hsiao, T. Y. & al. A handbook for determination of the Chinese Hemiptera-Heteroptera. II. Science Press, Beijing (in Chinese), pp. 271 - 368.","Hua, L. (2001) Order Hemiptera. In: Insects of China, pp. 162 - 216."]}

Monosteira unicostata (Mulsant & Rey, 1852) Distribution in Iran. Golestan (Heiss 2002), Isfahan (Jafari et al. 2002), Kerman (Barkhordari et al. 1981), Khorasan (Modarres Awal 1997a; Linnavuori & Modarres Awal 1999), Mazandaran (Heiss 2002; Samin & Linnavuori 2011), Tehran (Babmorad et al. 2000, 2002, 2007; Babmorad & Sadeghi 2004; Ahadiyat et al. 2010a). Host records from Iran. Tamarix (Barkhordari et al. 1981; Modarres Awal 1997a), Populus alba (Salicaceae) (Linnavuori & Modarres Awal 1999), Salix sp. (Heiss 2002), P. nigra, P. deltoides, P. alba, P. x. euramericana (Babmorad & Sadeghi 2004; Babmorad et al. 2002, 2007, 2008); Populus alba, P. deltoides missouriensis, P. euramericana grandis, P. , P. nigra, Salix acmophylla, S. alba, S. elbursensis, S. fragilis (Ahadiyat et al. 2010a,b, tolerance studies). General distribution. Holomediterranean, extending to Central Asia and North-East China; in South Africa probably introduced (Péricart & Golub 1996)., Published as part of Montemayor, I. & Linnavuori, E., 2012, An annotated catalogue of the Iranian Tingidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera), pp. 22-39 in Zootaxa 3207 on page 30, {"references":["Heiss, E. (2002) Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Wanzenfauna (Heteroptera) Irans, I. Pp. 87 - 97. In: Gutleb, B. & Wieser, C. H. (eds.): Ergebnisse einer zoologischen Exkursion in den Nordiran, 2001. Carinthia II, 112, 33 - 140.","Jafari, M., Sadeghi, S. E., Babmorad, M. & Daneshvar, H. A. (2002) An investigation on some biological characteristic of poplar lace bug, Monosteira unicostata (Mulsant & Rey) in Isfahan province. Proceedings of the 2 nd National Plant Protection Conference on Forests and Rangelands (In Forests and Afforestations). Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Peykan-shahr, 26 - 27 February 2002, pp. 50 - 51.","Modarres Awal, M. (1997 a) Tingidae (Heteroptera). P. 84. In: List of agricultural pests and their natural enemies in Iran. Ferdowsi University Press, 429 pp.","Linnavuori, R. E. & Modarres Awal, M. (1999) Studies on the Heteroptera of the Khorasan province in N. E. Iran. III. Cimicomorpha: Tingidae and Pentatomomorpha: Berytidae. Entomologica Fennica, 9, 233 - 234.","Samin, N. & Linnavuori, R. E. (2011) A contribution to the Tingidae (Heteroptera) from north and northwestern Iran. Entomofauna, 32 (25), 373 - 380.","Babmorad, M., Bagheri Zenous, E. & Abai, M. (2000) Life-history study of poplar lace bug, Monosteira unicostata (Muls. & Rey) Tingidae in Karaj. In: Proceedings of 14 th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, 5 - 8 September 2000. Isfahan University of Technology, p. 132.","Babmorad, M. & Sadeghi, S. E. (2004) Pests associated with poplar clones and species in Karaj. Iranian Journal of Forest and Range Protection Research, 2, 1 - 21. (in Persian with English summary).","Ahadiyat, A., Sadeghi, S. E., Ostovan, H., Moharramipour, S., Ganbalani, G. N. & Zeinali, S. (2010 a) Antixenosis component of resistance in poplar species and clones (Populus spp.) to the willow and poplar lace-bug, Monosteira unicostata (Mulsant & Rey) (Hemiptera: Tingidae). Munis Entomology & Zoology, 5 (Supplement), 1125 - 1135.","Babmorad, M., Abaii, M. & Yarmand, H. (2002) Hosts of poplar lacebug, Monosteira unicostata and preliminary study on its host preference in Karaj. Proceedings of the 2 nd National Plant Protection Conference on Forests and Rangelands (In Forests and Afforestations). Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Peykan-shahr, 26 - 27 February 2002, p. 42.","Babmorad, M., Azizkhani, E., Omid, R. & Farshiani, M. E. (2007) Poplar lace bug (Monosteira unicostata) damage on different poplar species and clones in Karaj. Iranian Journal of Forest and Range Protection Research, 4, 103 - 112. (in Persian with English summary).","Babmorad, M., Sadeghi, S. E., Heshamzadeh, M., Omid, R., Farshiani, E., Yarmand, H. & Zeinali, S. (2008) A comparative study of poplar lace bug, Monosteira unicostata (Muls. & Rey) damage on different poplar species and clones in Karaj. In: Proceedings of 18 th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, 24 - 27 August 2008. University of Bu-Ali Sina Hamadan, p. 296.","Pericart, J. & Golub, V. B. (1996) Tingidae Laporte, 1832 - lacebugs. Pp. 3 - 77. In: Aukema, B. & Rieger, Ch. (eds.) Catalogue of the Heteroptera of the Palearctic Region. Vol. 2. Cimicomorpha I. The Netherlands Entomological Society, Amsterdam, xiv + 361 pp."]}

Monosteira unicostata (Mulsant & Rey, 1852) Material examined. FARS: Dasht-e-Arzhan, 2 specimens, 16.–17.vi.2002; Fasa–Mianjangal, 1 specimen, 18.– 19.vi.2006; 15 km E of Sarvestan, 4 specimens, 13.–16.vi.2003; Takht-e-Jamshid, 1 specimen, 14.–15.vi.2002; Zarqan Bamon Nat. Park, 1650 m a.s.l., 3 specimens, 13.–14.vi.1996. KOHGILUYEH & BOYERAHMAD: Samirun, 2 specimens, 11.–12.vi.2003. WEST AZERBAIJAN: Nushin Sar near Urumiyeh, 1 specimen, 25.–27.vi.2006. Comments. Recorded e.g. on Crataegus, Populus and Prunus. Holomediterranean, extending to Central Asia and China., Published as part of Linnavuori, Rauno E., 2011, Studies on the Cimicomorpha and Pentatomomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Khuzestan and the adjacent provinces of Iran, pp. 21-48 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 51 (1) on page 25, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5327510

A monosteira, Monostelro unicostata (Mulsant & Rey, 1852), e considerada uma praga importante da amendoeira. Contudo, em Portugal, são escassos os conhecimentos acerca da sua biologia e dos estragos que ocasiona. Neste sentido, com o presente trabalho pretendeu-se par um lado estudar o cicio biológico do insecto em amendoeira no Planalto Mirandês, e por outro lado proceder a uma avaliação dos estraagos causados pela praga. O trabalho decorreu em 2007 e 2008 num amendoal localizado em Vilarinho dos Galegos (Mogadouro) onde, com periodicidade semanal ou quinzenal, se procedeu a recolha de 20 folhas em 20 árvores para observação (i) da existência de ovos, ninfas e adultos de monosteira e (ii) do numero de folhas com estragos visíveis. Paralelamente, e com periodicidade aproximadamente quinzenal foi realizada a técnica de pancadas em 25 arvores escolhidas aleatoriamente na parcela para quantificação dos adultos da praga.

The poplar lace bug, Monosteira unicostata (Mulsant & Rey), is one of the most important pests of almond trees in the Mediterranean area. The developmental times and survival of the immature stages of this tingid were determined at 16, 19, 22, 25, 28, 31, 34, 35.5, 37 and 39°C, 60 ± 10% relative humidity and under a 16L : 8D photoperiod. At 16 and 39°C, 100% mortality was recorded during immature development, with the egg, first and second nymphal instars the most susceptible. The lowest mortality was recorded at 28°C (9.8%). As temperature increased, the total developmental period decreased and the shortest duration was recorded at 34°C (12.1-12.2 d). At 37°C, the developmental time was slightly longer (12.5-13.0 d). The thermal requirement for complete devel- opment, from egg to adult, was 229.2 DD. Several non-linear models were fitted to the developmental rate data recorded for the range of temperatures tested. Selection criteria indicated that the Lactin model best described the relationship between developmental rate and temperature. It predicted lower and upper thermal thresholds for the complete preimaginal period of 14.8 and 39.1°C, respectively. Models were validated by comparing their predictions for the total preimaginal period with the developmental times recorded at three different fluctuating temperature regimes. The Lactin model again best fitted the actual durations recorded. This model could be used in IPM programs for predicting the moment of occurrence of the most damaging generations of this species.