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1. First measurement of Gallium Arsenide as a low-temperature calorimeter

Author

Helis, D. L., Melchiorre, A., Puiu, A., Benato, G., Carniti, P., Continenza, A., Di Marco, N., Ferella, A., Ferrari, C., Giannesi, F., Gotti, C., Monticone, E., Pagnanini, L., Pessina, G., Pirro, S., Profeta, G., Rajteri, M., Settembri, P., Shaikina, A., Tresca, C., and Trotta, D.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

In this paper, we present the first measurement of a Gallium Arsenide crystal working as low-temperature calorimeter for direct Dark Matter (DM) searches within the DAREDEVIL (DARk-mattEr DEVIces for Low energy detection) project. In the quest for direct dark matter detection, innovative approaches to lower the detection thershold and explore the sub-GeV mass DM range, have gained high relevance in the last decade. This study presents the pioneering use of Gallium Arsenide (GaAs) as a low-temperature calorimeter for probing the dark matter-electron interaction channel. Our experimental setup features a GaAs crystal at ultralow temperature of 15 mK, coupled with a Neutron Transmutation Doped (NTD) thermal sensor for precise energy estimation. This configuration is the first step towards the detection of single electrons scattered by dark matter particles within the GaAs crystal, to significantly improve the sensitivity to low-mass dark matter candidates.

Published
2024
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2. Heisenberg's uncertainty principle in the PTOLEMY project: a theory update

Author

PTOLEMY Collaboration, Apponi, A., Betti, M. G., Borghesi, M., Boyarsky, A., Canci, N., Cavoto, G., Chang, C., Cheianov, V., Cheipesh, Y., Chung, W., Cocco, A. G., Colijn, A. P., D'Ambrosio, N., de Groot, N., Esposito, A., Faverzani, M., Ferella, A., Ferri, E., Ficcadenti, L., Frederico, T., Gariazzo, S., Gatti, F., Gentile, C., Giachero, A., Hochberg, Y., Kahn, Y., Lisanti, M., Mangano, G., Marcucci, L. E., Mariani, C., Marques, M., Menichetti, G., Messina, M., Mikulenko, O., Monticone, E., Nucciotti, A., Orlandi, D., Pandolfi, F., Parlati, S., Pepe, C., Heros, C. Pérez de los, Pisanti, O., Polini, M., Polosa, A. D., Puiu, A., Rago, I., Raitses, Y., Rajteri, M., Rossi, N., Rozwadowska, K., Rucandio, I., Ruocco, A., Strid, C. F., Tan, A., Teles, L. K., Tozzini, V., Tully, C. G., Viviani, M., Zeitler, U., and Zhao, F.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Condensed Matter - Other Condensed Matter, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We discuss the consequences of the quantum uncertainty on the spectrum of the electron emitted by the $\beta$-processes of a tritium atom bound to a graphene sheet. We analyze quantitatively the issue recently raised in [Cheipesh et al., Phys. Rev. D 104, 116004 (2021)], and discuss the relevant time scales and the degrees of freedom that can contribute to the intrinsic spread in the electron energy. We perform careful calculations of the potential between tritium and graphene with different coverages and geometries. With this at hand, we propose possible avenues to mitigate the effect of the quantum uncertainty., Comment: 14 pages, 5 figures

Published
2022
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3. Implementation and Optimization of the PTOLEMY Transverse Drift Electromagnetic Filter

Author

Apponi, A., Betti, M. G., Borghesi, M., Boscá, A., Calle, F., Canci, N., Cavoto, G., Chang, C., Chung, W., Cocco, A. G., Colijn, A. P., D'Ambrosio, N., de Groot, N., Faverzani, M., Ferella, A., Ferri, E., Ficcadenti, L., Garcia-Abia, P., Gomez-Tejedor, G. Garcia, Gariazzo, S., Gatti, F., Gentile, C., Giachero, A., Hochberg, Y., Kahn, Y., Kievsky, A., Lisanti, M., Mangano, G., Marcucci, L. E., Mariani, C., Martínez, J., Messina, M., Monticone, E., Nucciotti, A., Orlandi, D., Pandolfi, F., Parlati, S., Pedrós, J., Heros, C. Pérez de los, Pisanti, O., Polosa, A. D., Puiu, A., Rago, I., Raitses, Y., Rajteri, M., Rossi, N., Rozwadowska, K., Rucandio, I., Ruocco, A., Santorelli, R., Strid, C. F., Tan, A., Tully, C. G., Viviani, M., Zeitler, U., and Zhao, F.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The PTOLEMY transverse drift filter is a new concept to enable precision analysis of the energy spectrum of electrons near the tritium beta-decay endpoint. This paper details the implementation and optimization methods for successful operation of the filter. We present the first demonstrator that produces the required magnetic field properties with an iron return-flux magnet. Two methods for the setting of filter electrode voltages are detailed. The challenges of low-energy electron transport in cases of low field are discussed, such as the growth of the cyclotron radius with decreasing magnetic field, which puts a ceiling on filter performance relative to fixed filter dimensions. Additionally, low pitch angle trajectories are dominated by motion parallel to the magnetic field lines and introduce non-adiabatic conditions and curvature drift. To minimize these effects and maximize electron acceptance into the filter, we present a three-potential-well design to simultaneously drain the parallel and transverse kinetic energies throughout the length of the filter. These optimizations are shown, in simulation, to achieve low-energy electron transport from a 1 T iron core (or 3 T superconducting) starting field with initial kinetic energy of 18.6 keV drained to <10 eV (<1 eV) in about 80 cm. This result for low field operation paves the way for the first demonstrator of the PTOLEMY spectrometer for measurement of electrons near the tritium endpoint to be constructed at the Gran Sasso National Laboratary (LNGS) in Italy., Comment: 29 pages, 25 figures

Published
2021
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4. Development of a Josephson junction based single photon microwave detector for axion detection experiments

Author

Alesini, D, Babusci, D, Barone, C, Buonomo, B, Beretta, M M, Bianchini, L, Castellano, G, Chiarello, F, Di Gioacchino, D, Falferi, P, Felici, G, Filatrella, G, Foggetta, L G, Gallo, A, Gatti, C, Giazotto, F, Lamanna, G, Ligabue, F, Ligato, N, Ligi, C, Maccarrone, G, Margesin, B, Mattioli, F, Monticone, E, Oberto, L, Pagano, S, Paolucci, F, Rajteri, M, Rettaroli, A, Rolandi, L, Spagnolo, P, Toncelli, A, and Torrioli, G

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

Josephson junctions, in appropriate configurations, can be excellent candidates for detection of single photons in the microwave frequency band. Such possibility has been recently addressed in the framework of galactic axion detection. Here are reported recent developments in the modelling and simulation of dynamic behaviour of a Josephson junction single microwave photon detector. For a Josephson junction to be enough sensitive, small critical currents and operating temperatures of the order of ten of mK are necessary. Thermal and quantum tunnelling out of the zero-voltage state can also mask the detection process. Axion detection would require dark count rates in the order of 0.001 Hz. It is, therefore, is of paramount importance to identify proper device fabrication parameters and junction operation point., Comment: 7 pages, 9 figures

Published
2021
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5. Neutrino physics with the PTOLEMY project: active neutrino properties and the light sterile case

Author

PTOLEMY collaboration, Betti, M. G., Biasotti, M., Boscá, A., Calle, F., Cavoto, G., Chang, C., Cocco, A. G., Colijn, A. P., Conrad, J., D'Ambrosio, N., De Groot, N., de Salas, P. F., Faverzani, M., Ferella, A., Ferri, E., Garcia-Abia, P., García-Cortés, I., Gomez-Tejedor, G. Garcia, Gariazzo, S., Gatti, F., Gentile, C., Giachero, A., Gudmundsson, J. E., Hochberg, Y., Kahn, Y., Kievsky, A., Lisanti, M., Mancini-Terracciano, C., Mangano, G., Marcucci, L. E., Mariani, C., Martínez, J., Messina, M., Molinero-Vela, A., Monticone, E., Moroño, A., Nucciotti, A., Pandolfi, F., Parlati, S., Pastor, S., Pedrós, J., Heros, C. Pérez de los, Pisanti, O., Polosa, A. D., Puiu, A., Rago, I., Raitses, Y., Rajteri, M., Rossi, N., Rucandio, I., Santorelli, R., Schaeffner, K., Tully, C. G., Viviani, M., Zhao, F., and Zurek, K. M.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

The PTOLEMY project aims to develop a scalable design for a Cosmic Neutrino Background (CNB) detector, the first of its kind and the only one conceived that can look directly at the image of the Universe encoded in neutrino background produced in the first second after the Big Bang. The scope of the work for the next three years is to complete the conceptual design of this detector and to validate with direct measurements that the non-neutrino backgrounds are below the expected cosmological signal. In this paper we discuss in details the theoretical aspects of the experiment and its physics goals. In particular, we mainly address three issues. First we discuss the sensitivity of PTOLEMY to the standard neutrino mass scale. We then study the perspectives of the experiment to detect the CNB via neutrino capture on tritium as a function of the neutrino mass scale and the energy resolution of the apparatus. Finally, we consider an extra sterile neutrino with mass in the eV range, coupled to the active states via oscillations, which has been advocated in view of neutrino oscillation anomalies. This extra state would contribute to the tritium decay spectrum, and its properties, mass and mixing angle, could be studied by analyzing the features in the beta decay electron spectrum., Comment: Typos corrected; Matches version accepted by JCAP

Published
2019
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6. A Design for an Electromagnetic Filter for Precision Energy Measurements at the Tritium Endpoint

Author

Betti, M. G., Biasotti, M., Bosca, A., Calle, F., Carabe-Lopez, J., Cavoto, G., Chang, C., Chung, W., Cocco, A. G., Colijn, A. P., Conrad, J., D'Ambrosio, N., de Salas, P. F., Faverzani, M., Ferella, A., Ferri, E., Garcia-Abia, P., Gomez-Tejedor, G. Garcia, Gariazzo, S., Gatti, F., Gentile, C., Giachero, A., Gudmundsson, J., Hochberg, Y., Kahn, Y., Lisanti, M., Mancini-Terracciano, C., Mangano, G., Marcucci, L. E., Mariani, C., Martinez, J., Messina, M., Molinero-Vela, A., Monticone, E., Nucciotti, A., Pandolfi, F., Pastor, S., Pedros, J., Heros, C. Perez de los, Pisanti, O., Polosa, A., Puiu, A., Raitses, Y., Rajteri, M., Rossi, N., Santorelli, R., Schaeffner, K., Strid, C. F., Tully, C. G., Zhao, F., and Zurek, K. M.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

We present a detailed description of the electromagnetic filter for the PTOLEMY project to directly detect the Cosmic Neutrino Background (CNB). Starting with an initial estimate for the orbital magnetic moment, the higher-order drift process of ExB is configured to balance the gradient-B drift motion of the electron in such a way as to guide the trajectory into the standing voltage potential along the mid-plane of the filter. As a function of drift distance along the length of the filter, the filter zooms in with exponentially increasing precision on the transverse velocity component of the electron kinetic energy. This yields a linear dimension for the total filter length that is exceptionally compact compared to previous techniques for electromagnetic filtering. The parallel velocity component of the electron kinetic energy oscillates in an electrostatic harmonic trap as the electron drifts along the length of the filter. An analysis of the phase-space volume conservation validates the expected behavior of the filter from the adiabatic invariance of the orbital magnetic moment and energy conservation following Liouville's theorem for Hamiltonian systems.

Published
2018
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7. PTOLEMY: A Proposal for Thermal Relic Detection of Massive Neutrinos and Directional Detection of MeV Dark Matter

Author

Baracchini, E., Betti, M. G., Biasotti, M., Bosca, A., Calle, F., Carabe-Lopez, J., Cavoto, G., Chang, C., Cocco, A. G., Colijn, A. P., Conrad, J., D'Ambrosio, N., de Salas, P. F., Faverzani, M., Ferella, A., Ferri, E., Garcia-Abia, P., Gomez-Tejedor, G. Garcia, Gariazzo, S., Gatti, F., Gentile, C., Giachero, A., Gudmundsson, J., Hochberg, Y., Kahn, Y., Lisanti, M., Mancini-Terracciano, C., Mangano, G., Marcucci, L. E., Mariani, C., Martinez, J., Mazzitelli, G., Messina, M., Molinero-Vela, A., Monticone, E., Nucciotti, A., Pandolfi, F., Pastor, S., Pedros, J., Heros, C. Perez de los, Pisanti, O., Polosa, A., Puiu, A., Rajteri, M., Santorelli, R., Schaeffner, K., Tully, C. G., Raitses, Y., Rossi, N., Zhao, F., and Zurek, K. M.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We propose to achieve the proof-of-principle of the PTOLEMY project to directly detect the Cosmic Neutrino Background (CNB). Each of the technological challenges described in [1,2] will be targeted and hopefully solved by the use of the latest experimental developments and profiting from the low background environment provided by the LNGS underground site. The first phase will focus on the graphene technology for a tritium target and the demonstration of TES microcalorimetry with an energy resolution of better than 0.05 eV for low energy electrons. These technologies will be evaluated using the PTOLEMY prototype, proposed for underground installation, using precision HV controls to step down the kinematic energy of endpoint electrons to match the calorimeter dynamic range and rate capabilities. The second phase will produce a novel implementation of the EM filter that is scalable to the full target size and which demonstrates intrinsic triggering capability for selecting endpoint electrons. Concurrent with the CNB program, we plan to exploit and develop the unique properties of graphene to implement an intermediate program for direct directional detection of MeV dark matter [3,4]. This program will evaluate the radio-purity and scalability of the graphene fabrication process with the goal of using recently identified ultra-high radio-purity CO2 sources. The direct detection of the CNB is a snapshot of early universe dynamics recorded by the thermal relic neutrino yield taken at a time that predates the epochs of Big Bang Nucleosynthesis, the Cosmic Microwave Background and the recession of galaxies (Hubble Expansion). Big Bang neutrinos are believed to have a central role in the evolution of the Universe and a direct measurement with PTOLEMY will unequivocally establish the extent to which these predictions match present-day neutrino densities.

Published
2018

8. Thermal analysis of Josephson junctions array in cryocooler

Author

Durandetto, P., Monticone, E., Trinchera, B., Lolli, L., Serazio, D., Fretto, M., and Sosso, A.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Condensed Matter - Superconductivity
Abstract

Complex cryogenics is still a strong limitation to the spread of quantum voltage standards and cryogen-free operation is then particularly interesting for Josephson standards. The main difficulties in He-free refrigeration are related to chip thermalization. We tested different solutions and interface materials between the chip and the cooling surface, to improve thermal conduction. Some junctions were chosen as elements to dissipate electrical power, while some others were operated as on-chip temperature sensors. Indium foil between chip and Cu support was demonstrated to provide a good thermal interface suitable for programmable voltage standard operation. However, thermal conduction can be further increased by thermal contacting the chip at the top. Finally, general physical constraints in vacuum thermal contacts are analyzed in terms of known properties of thermal interfaces at cryogenics temperatures., Comment: Submitted to IEEE-Trans-AS - Major changes requested by referees

Published
2016

9. Towards joint reconstruction of noise and losses in quantum channels

Author

Piacentini, F., Avella, A., Traina, P., Lolli, L., Taralli, E., Monticone, E., Rajteri, M., Fukuda, D., Degiovanni, I. P., and Brida, G.

Subjects
Quantum Physics, Physics - Optics
Abstract

The calibration of a quantum channel, i.e. the determination of the transmission losses affecting it, is definitely one of the principal objectives in both the quantum communication and quantum metrology frameworks. Another task of the utmost relevance is the identification, e.g. by extracting its photon number distribution, of the noise potentially present in the channel. Here we present a protocol, based on the response of a photon-number-resolving detector at different quantum efficiencies, able to accomplish both of these tasks at once, providing with a single measurement an estimate of the transmission losses as well as the photon statistics of the noise present in the exploited quantum channel. We show and discuss the experimental results obtained in the practical implementation of such protocol, with different kinds and levels of noise., Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures

Published
2016
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11. Status of the SIMP Project: Toward the Single Microwave Photon Detection

Author

Alesini, D., Babusci, D., Barone, C., Buonomo, B., Beretta, M. M., Bianchini, L., Castellano, G., Chiarello, F., Di Gioacchino, D., Falferi, P., Felici, G., Filatrella, G., Foggetta, L. G., Gallo, A., Gatti, C., Giazotto, F., Lamanna, G., Ligabue, F., Ligato, N., Ligi, C., Maccarrone, G., Margesin, B., Mattioli, F., Monticone, E., Oberto, L., Pagano, S., Paolucci, F., Rajteri, M., Rettaroli, A., Rolandi, L., Spagnolo, P., Toncelli, A., and Torrioli, G.

Published
2020
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12. High intrinsic energy resolution photon number resolving detectors

Author

Lolli, L., Taralli, E., Portesi, C., Monticone, E., and Rajteri, M.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Quantum Physics
Abstract

Transition Edge Sensors (TESs) are characterized by the intrinsic figure of merit to resolve both the energy and the statistical distribution of the incident photons. These properties lead TES devices to become the best single photon detector for quantum technology experiments. For a TES based on titanium and gold has been reached, at telecommunication wavelength, an unprecedented intrinsic energy resolution (0.113 eV). The uncertainties analysis of both energy resolution and photon state assignment has been discussed. The thermal properties of the superconductive device have been studied by fitting the bias curve to evaluate theoretical limit of the energy resolution.

Published
2013

13. Self consistent, absolute calibration technique for photon number resolving detectors

Author

Avella, A., Brida, G., Degiovanni, I. P., Genovese, M., Gramegna, M., Lolli, L., Monticone, E., Portesi, C., Rajteri, M., Rastello, M. L., Taralli, E., Traina, P., and White, M.

Subjects
Quantum Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics - Optics
Abstract

Well characterized photon number resolving detectors are a requirement for many applications ranging from quantum information and quantum metrology to the foundations of quantum mechanics. This prompts the necessity for reliable calibration techniques at the single photon level. In this paper we propose an innovative absolute calibration technique for photon number resolving detectors, using a pulsed heralded photon source based on parametric down conversion. The technique, being absolute, does not require reference standards and is independent upon the performances of the heralding detector. The method provides the results of quantum efficiency for the heralded detector as a function of detected photon numbers. Furthermore, we prove its validity by performing the calibration of a Transition Edge Sensor based detector, a real photon number resolving detector that has recently demonstrated its effectiveness in various quantum information protocols., Comment: 9 pages, 2 figures

Published
2011
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14. Effective gap at microwave frequencies in MgB2 thin films with strong interband scattering

Author

Ghigo, G., Botta, D., Chiodoni, A., Gozzelino, L., Gerbaldo, R., Laviano, F., Mezzetti, E., Monticone, E., and Portesi, C.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Superconductivity
Abstract

The microwave properties of polycrystalline MgB2 thin films prepared by the so-called in-situ method are investigated. The characterization of the films at microwave frequencies was obtained by a coplanar resonator technique. The analysis of the experimental data results in the determination of penetration depth, surface impedance and complex conductivity. The aim of this work is to set the experimental results in a consistent framework, involving the two-band model in the presence of impurity scattering. The energy gaps are calculated and the contribution of intra- and inter-band scattering is considered. From the comparison between the calculated gap values and the experimental data it turns out that the temperature dependence of the penetration depth can be accounted for by an effective mean energy gap, in agreement with the predictions of Kogan et al. [Phys. Rev. B 69, 132506 (2004)]. On the other hand, the temperature dependence of the real part of the microwave conductivity and of the surface resistance is accounted for by the single smaller gap, in agreement with the work of Jin et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 127006 (2003)]. Since these findings rely on the same calculated gap structure, the required consistency is fulfilled., Comment: 24 pages, 9 figures. Phys. Rev. B, in press

Published
2005
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15. Point-Contact Spectroscopy in MgB_2: from Fundamental Physics to Thin-Film Characterization

Author

Gonnelli, R. S., Daghero, D., Calzolari, A., Ummarino, G. A., Dellarocca, V., Stepanov, V. A., Kazakov, S. M., Karpinski, J., Portesi, C., Monticone, E., Ferrando, V., and Ferdeghini, C.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Superconductivity
Abstract

In this paper we highlight the advantages of using point-contact spectroscopy (PCS) in multigap superconductors like MgB_2, both as a fundamental research tool and as a non-destructive diagnostic technique for the optimization of thin-film characteristics. We first present some results of crucial fundamental interest obtained by directional PCS in MgB_2 single crystals, for example the temperature dependence of the gaps and of the critical fields and the effect of a magnetic field on the gap amplitudes. Then, we show how PCS can provide useful information about the surface properties of MgB_2 thin films (e.g. Tc, gap amplitude(s), clean or dirty-limit conditions) in view of their optimization for the fabrication of tunnel and Josephson junctions for applications in superconducting electronics., Comment: 11 pages, 7 figures; Proceedings of 6th EUCAS Conference (14-18 September 2003, Sorrento - Italy)

Published
2003
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16. Implementation and optimization of the PTOLEMY transverse drift electromagnetic filter

Author

Apponi, A., Betti, M. G., Borghesi, M., Boscá, A., Calle, F., Canci, N., Cavoto, G., Chang, C., Chung, W., Cocco, A. G., Colijn, A. P., D'Ambrosio, N., de Groot, N., Faverzani, M., Ferella, A., Ferri, E., Ficcadenti, L., Garcia-Abia, P., Gomez-Tejedor, G. Garcia, Gariazzo, S., Gatti, F., Gentile, C., Giachero, A., Hochberg, Y., Kahn, Y., Kievsky, A., Lisanti, M., Mangano, G., Marcucci, L. E., Mariani, C., Martínez, J., Messina, M., Monticone, E., Nucciotti, A., Orlandi, D., Pandolfi, F., Parlati, S., Pedrós, J., Heros, C. Pérez de los, Pisanti, O., Polosa, A. D., Puiu, A., Rago, I., Raitses, Y., Rajteri, M., Rossi, N., Rozwadowska, K., Rucandio, I., Ruocco, A., Santorelli, R., Strid, C. F., Tan, A., Tully, C. G., Viviani, M., Zeitler, U., Zhao, F., Apponi, A, Betti, M, Borghesi, M, Canci, N, Cavoto, G, Chang, C, Chung, W, Cocco, A, Colijn, A, D'Ambrosio, N, De Groot, N, Faverzani, M, Ferella, A, Ferri, E, Ficcadenti, L, Gariazzo, S, Gatti, F, Gentile, C, Giachero, A, Hochberg, Y, Kahn, Y, Kievsky, A, Lisanti, M, Mangano, G, Marcucci, L, Mariani, C, Messina, M, Monticone, E, Nucciotti, A, Orlandi, D, Pandolfi, F, Parlati, S, Perez De Los Heros, C, Pisanti, O, Polosa, A, Puiu, A, Rago, I, Raitses, Y, Rajteri, M, Rossi, N, Rozwadowska, K, Ruocco, A, Strid, C, Tan, A, Tully, C, Viviani, M, Zeitler, U, Zhao, F, Apponi, A., Betti, M. G., Borghesi, M., Canci, N., Cavoto, G., Chang, C., Chung, W., Cocco, A. G., Colijn, A. P., D'Ambrosio, N., de Groot, N., Faverzani, M., Ferella, A., Ferri, E., Ficcadenti, L., Gariazzo, S., Gatti, F., Gentile, C., Giachero, A., Hochberg, Y., Kahn, Y., Kievsky, A., Lisanti, M., Mangano, G., Marcucci, L. E., Mariani, C., Messina, M., Monticone, E., Nucciotti, A., Orlandi, D., Pandolfi, F., Parlati, S., P??rez de los Heros, C., Pisanti, O., Polosa, A. D., Puiu, A., Rago, I., Raitses, Y., Rajteri, M., Rossi, N., Rozwadowska, K., Ruocco, A., Strid, C. F., Tan, A., Tully, C. G., Viviani, M., Zeitler, U., and Zhao, F.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Mass spectrometers, Neutrino detectors, Particle detectors, Very low-energy charged particle detectors, Mass spectrometer, FOS: Physical sciences, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Very low-energy charged particle detector, Neutrino detector, Semiconductors and Nanostructures, High Energy Physics, Particle detector, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics
Abstract

The PTOLEMY transverse drift filter is a new concept to enable precision analysis of the energy spectrum of electrons near the tritium beta-decay endpoint. This paper details the implementation and optimization methods for successful operation of the filter. We present the first demonstrator that produces the required magnetic field properties with an iron return-flux magnet. Two methods for the setting of filter electrode voltages are detailed. The challenges of low-energy electron transport in cases of low field are discussed, such as the growth of the cyclotron radius with decreasing magnetic field, which puts a ceiling on filter performance relative to fixed filter dimensions. Additionally, low pitch angle trajectories are dominated by motion parallel to the magnetic field lines and introduce non-adiabatic conditions and curvature drift. To minimize these effects and maximize electron acceptance into the filter, we present a three-potential-well design to simultaneously drain the parallel and transverse kinetic energies throughout the length of the filter. These optimizations are shown, in simulation, to achieve low-energy electron transport from a 1 T iron core (or 3 T superconducting) starting field with initial kinetic energy of 18.6 keV drained to, 29 pages, 25 figures

Published
2022

18. TES Microcalorimeters for PTOLEMY

Author

Rajteri, M, Biasotti, M, Faverzani, M, Ferri, E, Filippo, R, Gatti, F, Giachero, A, Monticone, E, Nucciotti, A, Puiu, A, Rajteri M., Biasotti M., Faverzani M., Ferri E., Filippo R., Gatti F., Giachero A., Monticone E., Nucciotti A., Puiu A., Rajteri, M, Biasotti, M, Faverzani, M, Ferri, E, Filippo, R, Gatti, F, Giachero, A, Monticone, E, Nucciotti, A, Puiu, A, Rajteri M., Biasotti M., Faverzani M., Ferri E., Filippo R., Gatti F., Giachero A., Monticone E., Nucciotti A., and Puiu A.

Abstract

The PTOLEMY project is devoted to directly detect the cosmic neutrino background. A key point for the project success is the development of a device which is capable of detecting electrons with an energy resolution lower than 0.05 eV. Microcalorimeters based on transition-edge sensors are among the best candidates since they already reach 0.11 eV of energy resolution for telecomm photons. To further improve the energy resolution, while maintaining a suitable saturation energy, it is necessary to reduce the transition temperature. This could be achieved by proximity effect of a normal-superconducting bilayer. To this aim, TiAu very thin films are under development to demonstrate the feasibility of reaching 0.05 eV energy resolution for light pulses of few eV. Thanks to the high electron stopping power of metals, the penetration depth of low energy incident electrons is limited to few nanometers and, with respect to visible light, we expect a high detection efficiency, while keeping similar dark counts and energy resolution.

Published
2020

19. Heisenberg's uncertainty principle in the PTOLEMY project : A theory update

Author

Apponi, A., Betti, M. G., Borghesi, M., Boyarsky, A., Canci, N., Cavoto, G., Chang, C., Cheianov, V, Cheipesh, Y., Chung, W., Cocco, A. G., Colijn, A. P., D'Ambrosio, N., de Groot, N., Esposito, A., Faverzani, M., Ferella, A., Ferri, E., Ficcadenti, L., Frederico, T., Gariazzo, S., Gatti, F., Gentile, C., Giachero, A., Hochberg, Y., Kahn, Y., Lisanti, M., Mangano, G., Marcucci, L. E., Mariani, C., Marques, M., Menichetti, G., Messina, M., Mikulenko, O., Monticone, E., Nucciotti, A., Orlandi, D., Pandolfi, F., Parlati, S., Pepe, C., Pérez de los Heros, Carlos, Pisanti, O., Polini, M., Polosa, A. D., Puiu, A., Rago, I, Raitses, Y., Rajteri, M., Rossi, N., Rozwadowska, K., Rucandio, I, Ruocco, A., Strid, C. F., Tan, A., Teles, L. K., Tozzini, V, Tully, C. G., Viviani, M., Zeitler, U., Zhao, F., Apponi, A., Betti, M. G., Borghesi, M., Boyarsky, A., Canci, N., Cavoto, G., Chang, C., Cheianov, V, Cheipesh, Y., Chung, W., Cocco, A. G., Colijn, A. P., D'Ambrosio, N., de Groot, N., Esposito, A., Faverzani, M., Ferella, A., Ferri, E., Ficcadenti, L., Frederico, T., Gariazzo, S., Gatti, F., Gentile, C., Giachero, A., Hochberg, Y., Kahn, Y., Lisanti, M., Mangano, G., Marcucci, L. E., Mariani, C., Marques, M., Menichetti, G., Messina, M., Mikulenko, O., Monticone, E., Nucciotti, A., Orlandi, D., Pandolfi, F., Parlati, S., Pepe, C., Pérez de los Heros, Carlos, Pisanti, O., Polini, M., Polosa, A. D., Puiu, A., Rago, I, Raitses, Y., Rajteri, M., Rossi, N., Rozwadowska, K., Rucandio, I, Ruocco, A., Strid, C. F., Tan, A., Teles, L. K., Tozzini, V, Tully, C. G., Viviani, M., Zeitler, U., and Zhao, F.

Abstract

We discuss the consequences of the quantum uncertainty on the spectrum of the electron emitted by the beta-processes of a tritium atom bound to a graphene sheet. We analyze quantitatively the issue recently raised by Cheipesh, Cheianov, and Boyarsky [Phys. Rev. D 104, 116004 (2021)], and discuss the relevant timescales and the degrees of freedom that can contribute to the intrinsic spread in the electron energy. We perform careful calculations of the potential between tritium and graphene with different coverages and geometries. With this at hand, we propose possible avenues to mitigate the effect of the quantum uncertainty.

Published
2022
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22. The CorWave LVAD - Synchronized Pulsatility with Improved Hemodynamics

Author

Snyder, T.A., primary, Cornat, F., additional, Jem, N., additional, Pruvost, R., additional, Marino, D., additional, Benoit, S., additional, Monticone, E., additional, Fagot, L., additional, Condemi, F., additional, Tesser, F., additional, Olive, A., additional, Quenlenn, P., additional, Polverelli, L., additional, Massiot, A., additional, Silva, F., additional, Danfakha, M., additional, and Botterbusch, C., additional

Published
2022
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23. A design for an electromagnetic filter for precision energy measurements at the tritium endpoint

Author

Betti, M, Biasotti, M, Boscá, A, Calle, F, Carabe-Lopez, J, Cavoto, G, Chang, C, Chung, W, Cocco, A, Colijn, A, Conrad, J, D’Ambrosio, N, de Salas, P, Faverzani, M, Ferella, A, Ferri, E, Garcia-Abia, P, Gomez-Tejedor, G, Gariazzo, S, Gatti, F, Gentile, C, Giachero, A, Gudmundsson, J, Hochberg, Y, Kahn, Y, Lisanti, M, Mancini-Terracciano, C, Mangano, G, Marcucci, L, Mariani, C, Martínez, J, Messina, M, Molinero-Vela, A, Monticone, E, Nucciotti, A, Pandolfi, F, Pastor, S, Pedrós, J, de los Heros, C, Pisanti, O, Polosa, A, Puiu, A, Raitses, Y, Rajteri, M, Rossi, N, Santorelli, R, Schaeffner, K, Strid, C, Tully, C, Zhao, F, Zurek, K, Betti, M. G., Biasotti, M., Boscá, A., Calle, F., Carabe-Lopez, J., Cavoto, G., Chang, C., Chung, W., Cocco, A. G., Colijn, A. P., Conrad, J., D’Ambrosio, N., de Salas, P. F., Faverzani, M., Ferella, A., Ferri, E., Garcia-Abia, P., Gomez-Tejedor, G. Garcia, Gariazzo, S., Gatti, F., Gentile, C., Giachero, A., Gudmundsson, J. E., Hochberg, Y., Kahn, Y., Lisanti, M., Mancini-Terracciano, C., Mangano, G., Marcucci, L. E., Mariani, C., Martínez, J., Messina, M., Molinero-Vela, A., Monticone, E., Nucciotti, A., Pandolfi, F., Pastor, S., Pedrós, J., de los Heros, C. Pérez, Pisanti, O., Polosa, A. D., Puiu, A., Raitses, Y., Rajteri, M., Rossi, N., Santorelli, R., Schaeffner, K., Strid, C. F., Tully, C. G., Zhao, F., Zurek, K. M., Betti, M, Biasotti, M, Boscá, A, Calle, F, Carabe-Lopez, J, Cavoto, G, Chang, C, Chung, W, Cocco, A, Colijn, A, Conrad, J, D’Ambrosio, N, de Salas, P, Faverzani, M, Ferella, A, Ferri, E, Garcia-Abia, P, Gomez-Tejedor, G, Gariazzo, S, Gatti, F, Gentile, C, Giachero, A, Gudmundsson, J, Hochberg, Y, Kahn, Y, Lisanti, M, Mancini-Terracciano, C, Mangano, G, Marcucci, L, Mariani, C, Martínez, J, Messina, M, Molinero-Vela, A, Monticone, E, Nucciotti, A, Pandolfi, F, Pastor, S, Pedrós, J, de los Heros, C, Pisanti, O, Polosa, A, Puiu, A, Raitses, Y, Rajteri, M, Rossi, N, Santorelli, R, Schaeffner, K, Strid, C, Tully, C, Zhao, F, Zurek, K, Betti, M. G., Biasotti, M., Boscá, A., Calle, F., Carabe-Lopez, J., Cavoto, G., Chang, C., Chung, W., Cocco, A. G., Colijn, A. P., Conrad, J., D’Ambrosio, N., de Salas, P. F., Faverzani, M., Ferella, A., Ferri, E., Garcia-Abia, P., Gomez-Tejedor, G. Garcia, Gariazzo, S., Gatti, F., Gentile, C., Giachero, A., Gudmundsson, J. E., Hochberg, Y., Kahn, Y., Lisanti, M., Mancini-Terracciano, C., Mangano, G., Marcucci, L. E., Mariani, C., Martínez, J., Messina, M., Molinero-Vela, A., Monticone, E., Nucciotti, A., Pandolfi, F., Pastor, S., Pedrós, J., de los Heros, C. Pérez, Pisanti, O., Polosa, A. D., Puiu, A., Raitses, Y., Rajteri, M., Rossi, N., Santorelli, R., Schaeffner, K., Strid, C. F., Tully, C. G., Zhao, F., and Zurek, K. M.

Abstract

We present a detailed description of the electromagnetic filter for the PTOLEMY project to directly detect the Cosmic Neutrino Background (CNB). Starting with an initial estimate for the orbital magnetic moment, the higher-order drift process of E×B is configured to balance the gradient-B drift motion of the electron in such a way as to guide the trajectory into the standing voltage potential along the mid-plane of the filter. As a function of drift distance along the length of the filter, the filter zooms in with exponentially increasing precision on the transverse velocity component of the electron kinetic energy. This yields a linear dimension for the total filter length that is exceptionally compact compared to previous techniques for electromagnetic filtering. The parallel velocity component of the electron kinetic energy oscillates in an electrostatic harmonic trap as the electron drifts along the length of the filter. An analysis of the phase-space volume conservation validates the expected behavior of the filter from the adiabatic invariance of the orbital magnetic moment and energy conservation following Liouville's theorem for Hamiltonian systems.

Published
2019

24. Neutrino physics with the PTOLEMY project: Active neutrino properties and the light sterile case

Author

Betti, M, Biasotti, M, Bosca, A, Calle, F, Canci, N, Cavoto, G, Chang, C, Cocco, A, Colijn, A, Conrad, J, D'Ambrosio, N, De Groot, N, De Salas, P, Faverzani, M, Ferella, A, Ferri, E, Garcia-Abia, P, Garcia-Cortes, I, Gomez-Tejedor, G, Gariazzo, S, Gatti, F, Gentile, C, Giachero, A, Gudmundsson, J, Hochberg, Y, Kahn, Y, Kievsky, A, Lisanti, M, Mancini-Terracciano, C, Mangano, G, Marcucci, L, Mariani, C, Martinez, J, Messina, M, Molinero-Vela, A, Monticone, E, Morono, A, Nucciotti, A, Pandolfi, F, Parlati, S, Pastor, S, Pedros, J, De Los Heros, C, Pisanti, O, Polosa, A, Puiu, A, Rago, I, Raitses, Y, Rajteri, M, Rossi, N, Rucandio, I, Santorelli, R, Schaeffner, K, Tully, C, Viviani, M, Zhao, F, Zurek, K, Betti M. G., Biasotti M., Bosca A., Calle F., Canci N., Cavoto G., Chang C., Cocco A. G., Colijn A. P., Conrad J., D'Ambrosio N., De Groot N., De Salas P. F., Faverzani M., Ferella A., Ferri E., Garcia-Abia P., Garcia-Cortes I., Gomez-Tejedor G. G., Gariazzo S., Gatti F., Gentile C., Giachero A., Gudmundsson J. E., Hochberg Y., Kahn Y., Kievsky A., Lisanti M., Mancini-Terracciano C., Mangano G., Marcucci L. E., Mariani C., Martinez J., Messina M., Molinero-Vela A., Monticone E., Morono A., Nucciotti A., Pandolfi F., Parlati S., Pastor S., Pedros J., De Los Heros C. P., Pisanti O., Polosa A. D., Puiu A., Rago I., Raitses Y., Rajteri M., Rossi N., Rucandio I., Santorelli R., Schaeffner K., Tully C. G., Viviani M., Zhao F., Zurek K. M., Betti, M, Biasotti, M, Bosca, A, Calle, F, Canci, N, Cavoto, G, Chang, C, Cocco, A, Colijn, A, Conrad, J, D'Ambrosio, N, De Groot, N, De Salas, P, Faverzani, M, Ferella, A, Ferri, E, Garcia-Abia, P, Garcia-Cortes, I, Gomez-Tejedor, G, Gariazzo, S, Gatti, F, Gentile, C, Giachero, A, Gudmundsson, J, Hochberg, Y, Kahn, Y, Kievsky, A, Lisanti, M, Mancini-Terracciano, C, Mangano, G, Marcucci, L, Mariani, C, Martinez, J, Messina, M, Molinero-Vela, A, Monticone, E, Morono, A, Nucciotti, A, Pandolfi, F, Parlati, S, Pastor, S, Pedros, J, De Los Heros, C, Pisanti, O, Polosa, A, Puiu, A, Rago, I, Raitses, Y, Rajteri, M, Rossi, N, Rucandio, I, Santorelli, R, Schaeffner, K, Tully, C, Viviani, M, Zhao, F, Zurek, K, Betti M. G., Biasotti M., Bosca A., Calle F., Canci N., Cavoto G., Chang C., Cocco A. G., Colijn A. P., Conrad J., D'Ambrosio N., De Groot N., De Salas P. F., Faverzani M., Ferella A., Ferri E., Garcia-Abia P., Garcia-Cortes I., Gomez-Tejedor G. G., Gariazzo S., Gatti F., Gentile C., Giachero A., Gudmundsson J. E., Hochberg Y., Kahn Y., Kievsky A., Lisanti M., Mancini-Terracciano C., Mangano G., Marcucci L. E., Mariani C., Martinez J., Messina M., Molinero-Vela A., Monticone E., Morono A., Nucciotti A., Pandolfi F., Parlati S., Pastor S., Pedros J., De Los Heros C. P., Pisanti O., Polosa A. D., Puiu A., Rago I., Raitses Y., Rajteri M., Rossi N., Rucandio I., Santorelli R., Schaeffner K., Tully C. G., Viviani M., Zhao F., and Zurek K. M.

Abstract

The PTOLEMY project aims to develop a scalable design for a Cosmic Neutrino Background (CNB) detector, the first of its kind and the only one conceived that can look directly at the image of the Universe encoded in neutrino background produced in the first second after the Big Bang. The scope of the work for the next three years is to complete the conceptual design of this detector and to validate with direct measurements that the non-neutrino backgrounds are below the expected cosmological signal. In this paper we discuss in details the theoretical aspects of the experiment and its physics goals. In particular, we mainly address three issues. First we discuss the sensitivity of PTOLEMY to the standard neutrino mass scale. We then study the perspectives of the experiment to detect the CNB via neutrino capture on tritium as a function of the neutrino mass scale and the energy resolution of the apparatus. Finally, we consider an extra sterile neutrino with mass in the eV range, coupled to the active states via oscillations, which has been advocated in view of neutrino oscillation anomalies. This extra state would contribute to the tritium decay spectrum, and its properties, mass and mixing angle, could be studied by analyzing the features in the beta decay electron spectrum.

Published
2019

29. Progress in the Development of the Pulsatile CorWave LVAD

Author

Botterbusch, C., primary, Barabino, N., additional, Cornat, F., additional, Jem, N., additional, Pruvost, R., additional, Marino, D., additional, Benoit, S., additional, Monticone, E., additional, Polverelli, L., additional, Snyder, T., additional, Loobuyck, V., additional, Rauch, A., additional, Susen, S., additional, and Vincentelli, A., additional

Published
2021
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32. Fabrication and characterization of a cryogenic AC-DC converter

Author

Monticone, E., Pogliano, U., and Bennici, E.

Subjects
Analog to digital converters -- Research, Business, Electronics, Electronics and electrical industries
Abstract

A study of the development of a transition edge sensor is presented with emphasis on its properties. The performance of this cryogenic AC-DC converter at low voltages is described and analysed.

Published
2001

33. Development of a Josephson junction based single photon microwave detector for axion detection experiments

Author

Alesini, D, primary, Babusci, D, additional, Barone, C, additional, Buonomo, B, additional, Beretta, M M, additional, Bianchini, L, additional, Castellano, G, additional, Chiarello, F, additional, Di Gioacchino, D, additional, Falferi, P, additional, Felici, G, additional, Filatrella, G, additional, Foggetta, L G, additional, Gallo, A, additional, Gatti, C, additional, Giazotto, F, additional, Lamanna, G, additional, Ligabue, F, additional, Ligato, N, additional, Ligi, C, additional, Maccarrone, G, additional, Margesin, B, additional, Mattioli, F, additional, Monticone, E, additional, Oberto, L, additional, Pagano, S, additional, Paolucci, F, additional, Rajteri, M, additional, Rettaroli, A, additional, Rolandi, L, additional, Spagnolo, P, additional, Toncelli, A, additional, and Torrioli, G, additional

Published
2020
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34. Acute and Chronic Pre-Clinical Implants of the CorWave LVAD: Hydraulic, Hemocompatibility and Hemodynamic Results

Author

Botterbusch, C., primary, Barabino, N., additional, Cornat, F., additional, Jem, N., additional, Pruvost, R., additional, Marino, D., additional, Benoit, S., additional, Arkab, A., additional, Monticone, E., additional, Polverelli, L., additional, Snyder, T.A., additional, Loobuyck, V., additional, Susen, S., additional, and Vincentelli, A., additional

Published
2020
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35. TES Microcalorimeters for PTOLEMY

Author

Rajteri, M., primary, Biasotti, M., additional, Faverzani, M., additional, Ferri, E., additional, Filippo, R., additional, Gatti, F., additional, Giachero, A., additional, Monticone, E., additional, Nucciotti, A., additional, and Puiu, A., additional

Published
2019
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36. Niobium Josephson junction bolometers for optical detection in the visible-infrared region

Author

Monticone, E., Lacquaniti, V., Steni, R., Rajteri, M., Rastello, M.L., Parlato, L., and Ammendola, G.

Subjects
Infrared detectors -- Models, Josephson junction -- Analysis, Semiconductors -- Junctions, Superconductive devices -- Analysis, Superconductors -- Analysis, Business, Electronics, Electronics and electrical industries
Abstract

A study proposes a comprehensive bolometric thermal model to explain the behavior of junctions on different substrates. Findings derived from the model were compared to experimental measurements, at liquid helium temperatures, of superconductor-insulator-superconductor Nb/Al-AlOx/Nb Josephson tunnel junctions irradiated by a diode laser under a number of conditions of chopping frequency and light intensity and substrates.

Published
1999

37. Nb-based SNS junctions with Al and TaO(sub x) barriers for a programmable Josephson voltage standard

Author

Lacquaniti, V., Gonzini, S., Maggi, S., Monticone, E., Steni, R., and Andreone, D.

Subjects
Josephson junction -- Research, Superconductors -- Research, Voltage -- Standards, Business, Electronics, Electronics and electrical industries
Abstract

Two different Nb-based superconductor-normal metal-superconductor (SNS) devices were fabricated for the development of a programmable Josephson voltage standard. The technology involving Nb/Al/Nb SNS junctions allows the use of junction areas suitable for large arrays without the need of micrometer-scale photolithographic resolution. The other technology using Nb/TaO(sub x)/Nb seems to be suitable for arrays with junction dimensions similar to those used in 1 and 10 V dc standards at 70 GHz or lower.

Published
1999

40. Magnetic field behavior of vertical stacks of Josephson junctions with large idle regions

Author

Andreone, D., Lacquaniti, V., Maggi, S., Monticone, E., and Steni, R.

Subjects
Josephson junction -- Research, Magnetic fields -- Research, Business, Electronics, Electronics and electrical industries
Abstract

A study was conducted on the magnetic field behavior of the critical currents of vertical stacks of two Nb/Al-AlOx/Nb Josephson junctions with large idle regions. The intermediate Nb electrode's thickness was smaller than the London penetration depth to provide close coupling of the two junctions. Results reveal the existence of a clear and nearly periodic current locking effect independent of the idle region's dimensions.

Published
1997

41. Analysis of the interfaces of stacked Josephson junctions by atomic force microscopy

Author

Lacquaniti, V., Maggi, S., Monticone, E., and Steni, R.

Subjects
Atomic force microscopy -- Usage, Josephson junction -- Research, Business, Electronics, Electronics and electrical industries
Abstract

Atomic force microscopy was used to analyze the surface properties of vertically-stacked Nb/(Al-AlOx/Nb)n Josephson junctions. Results reveal that the AlOx layers' roughness are nearly constant and are not dependent on the Nb films' surface features. Results, which were validated through anodization spectroscopy profiles, also show that the rms roughness increases small sampling lengths.

Published
1997

42. Neutrino physics with the PTOLEMY project : active neutrino properties and the light sterile case

Author

Betti, M. G., Biasotti, M., Bosca, A., Calle, F., Canci, N., Cavoto, G., Chang, C., Cocco, A. G., Colijn, A. P., Conrad, J., D'Ambrosio, N., De Groot, N., de Salas, P. F., Faverzani, M., Ferella, A., Ferri, E., Garcia-Abia, P., Garcia-Cortes, I, Garcia Gomez-Tejedor, G., Gariazzo, S., Gatti, F., Gentile, C., Giachero, A., Gudmundsson, J. E., Hochberg, Y., Kahn, Y., Kievsky, A., Lisanti, M., Mancini-Terracciano, C., Mangano, G., Marcucci, L. E., Mariani, C., Martinez, J., Messina, M., Molinero-Vela, A., Monticone, E., Morono, A., Nucciotti, A., Pandolfi, F., Parlati, S., Pastor, S., Pedros, J., Pérez de los Heros, Carlos, Pisanti, O., Polosa, A. D., Puiu, A., Rago, I, Raitses, Y., Rajteri, M., Rossi, N., Rucandio, I, Santorelli, R., Schaeffner, K., Tully, C. G., Viviani, M., Zhao, F., Zurek, K. M., Betti, M. G., Biasotti, M., Bosca, A., Calle, F., Canci, N., Cavoto, G., Chang, C., Cocco, A. G., Colijn, A. P., Conrad, J., D'Ambrosio, N., De Groot, N., de Salas, P. F., Faverzani, M., Ferella, A., Ferri, E., Garcia-Abia, P., Garcia-Cortes, I, Garcia Gomez-Tejedor, G., Gariazzo, S., Gatti, F., Gentile, C., Giachero, A., Gudmundsson, J. E., Hochberg, Y., Kahn, Y., Kievsky, A., Lisanti, M., Mancini-Terracciano, C., Mangano, G., Marcucci, L. E., Mariani, C., Martinez, J., Messina, M., Molinero-Vela, A., Monticone, E., Morono, A., Nucciotti, A., Pandolfi, F., Parlati, S., Pastor, S., Pedros, J., Pérez de los Heros, Carlos, Pisanti, O., Polosa, A. D., Puiu, A., Rago, I, Raitses, Y., Rajteri, M., Rossi, N., Rucandio, I, Santorelli, R., Schaeffner, K., Tully, C. G., Viviani, M., Zhao, F., and Zurek, K. M.

Abstract

The PTOLEMY project aims to develop a scalable design for a Cosmic Neutrino Background (CNB) detector, the first of its kind and the only one conceived that can look directly at the image of the Universe encoded in neutrino background produced in the first second after the Big Bang. The scope of the work for the next three years is to complete the conceptual design of this detector and to validate with direct measurements that the non-neutrino backgrounds are below the expected cosmological signal. In this paper we discuss in details the theoretical aspects of the experiment and its physics goals. In particular, we mainly address three issues. First we discuss the sensitivity of PTOLEMY to the standard neutrino mass scale. We then study the perspectives of the experiment to detect the CNB via neutrino capture on tritium as a function of the neutrino mass scale and the energy resolution of the apparatus. Finally, we consider an extra sterile neutrino with mass in the eV range, coupled to the active states via oscillations, which has been advocated in view of neutrino oscillation anomalies. This extra state would contribute to the tritium decay spectrum, and its properties, mass and mixing angle, could be studied by analyzing the features in the beta decay electron spectrum.

Published
2019
Full Text
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43. A design for an electromagnetic filter for precision energy measurements at the tritium endpoint

Author

Betti, M. G., Biasotti, M., Bosca, A., Calle, F., Carabe-Lopez, J., Cavoto, G., Chang, C., Chung, W., Cocco, A. G., Colijn, A. P., Conrad, J., D'Ambrosio, N., de Salas, P. F., Faverzani, M., Ferella, A., Ferri, E., Garcia-Abia, P., Garcia Gomez-Tejedor, G., Gariazzo, S., Gatti, F., Gentile, C., Giachero, A., Gudmundsson, J. E., Hochberg, Y., Kahn, Y., Lisanti, M., Mancini-Terracciano, C., Mangano, G., Marcucci, L. E., Mariani, C., Martinez, J., Messina, M., Molinero-Vela, A., Monticone, E., Nucciotti, A., Pandolfi, F., Pastor, S., Pedros, J., Pérez de los Heros, Carlos, Pisanti, O., Polosa, A. D., Puiu, A., Raitses, Y., Rajteri, M., Rossi, N., Santorelli, R., Schaeffner, K., Strid, C. F., Tully, C. G., Zhao, F., Zurek, K. M., Betti, M. G., Biasotti, M., Bosca, A., Calle, F., Carabe-Lopez, J., Cavoto, G., Chang, C., Chung, W., Cocco, A. G., Colijn, A. P., Conrad, J., D'Ambrosio, N., de Salas, P. F., Faverzani, M., Ferella, A., Ferri, E., Garcia-Abia, P., Garcia Gomez-Tejedor, G., Gariazzo, S., Gatti, F., Gentile, C., Giachero, A., Gudmundsson, J. E., Hochberg, Y., Kahn, Y., Lisanti, M., Mancini-Terracciano, C., Mangano, G., Marcucci, L. E., Mariani, C., Martinez, J., Messina, M., Molinero-Vela, A., Monticone, E., Nucciotti, A., Pandolfi, F., Pastor, S., Pedros, J., Pérez de los Heros, Carlos, Pisanti, O., Polosa, A. D., Puiu, A., Raitses, Y., Rajteri, M., Rossi, N., Santorelli, R., Schaeffner, K., Strid, C. F., Tully, C. G., Zhao, F., and Zurek, K. M.

Abstract

We present a detailed description of the electromagnetic filter for the PTOLEMY project to directly detect the Cosmic Neutrino Background (CNB). Starting with an initial estimate for the orbital magnetic moment, the higher-order drift process of E x B is configured to balance the gradient-B drift motion of the electron in such a way as to guide the trajectory into the standing voltage potential along the mid-plane of the filter. As a function of drift distance along the length of the filter, the filter zooms in with exponentially increasing precision on the transverse velocity component of the electron kinetic energy. This yields a linear dimension for the total filter length that is exceptionally compact compared to previous techniques for electromagnetic filtering. The parallel velocity component of the electron kinetic energy oscillates in an electrostatic harmonic trap as the electron drifts along the length of the filter. An analysis of the phase-space volume conservation validates the expected behavior of the filter from the adiabatic invariance of the orbital magnetic moment and energy conservation following Liouville's theorem for Hamiltonian systems. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Published
2019
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44. Neutrino physics with the PTOLEMY project: Active neutrino properties and the light sterile case

Author

Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Generalitat Valenciana, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (España), Swedish Research Council, Simons Foundation, John Templeton Foundation, European Commission, Betti, M.G., Biasotti, M., Boscá, A., Calle, F., Canci, N., Cavoto, G., Chang, C., Cocco, A.G., Colijn, A.P., Conrad, J., D'Ambrosio, N., De Groot, N., De Salas, P.F., Faverzani, M., Ferella, A., Ferri, E., Garcia-Abia, P., García-Cortés, I., García, Gustavo, Gariazzo, S., Gatti, Flavio, Gentile, C., Giachero, A., Gudmundsson, Jon E., Hochberg, Y., Kahn, Y., Kievsky, A., Lisanti, M., Mancini-Terracciano, C., Mangano, G., Marcucci, L.E., Mariani, C., Martínez, J., Messina, M., Molinero-Vela, A., Monticone, E., Moroño, A., Nucciotti, A., Pandolfi, F., Parlati, S., Pastor, S., Pedrós, J., De Los Heros, C.P., Pisanti, O., Polosa, A.D., Puiu, A., Rago, I., Raitses, Y., Rajteri, M., Rucandio, I., Santorelli, R., Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Generalitat Valenciana, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (España), Swedish Research Council, Simons Foundation, John Templeton Foundation, European Commission, Betti, M.G., Biasotti, M., Boscá, A., Calle, F., Canci, N., Cavoto, G., Chang, C., Cocco, A.G., Colijn, A.P., Conrad, J., D'Ambrosio, N., De Groot, N., De Salas, P.F., Faverzani, M., Ferella, A., Ferri, E., Garcia-Abia, P., García-Cortés, I., García, Gustavo, Gariazzo, S., Gatti, Flavio, Gentile, C., Giachero, A., Gudmundsson, Jon E., Hochberg, Y., Kahn, Y., Kievsky, A., Lisanti, M., Mancini-Terracciano, C., Mangano, G., Marcucci, L.E., Mariani, C., Martínez, J., Messina, M., Molinero-Vela, A., Monticone, E., Moroño, A., Nucciotti, A., Pandolfi, F., Parlati, S., Pastor, S., Pedrós, J., De Los Heros, C.P., Pisanti, O., Polosa, A.D., Puiu, A., Rago, I., Raitses, Y., Rajteri, M., Rucandio, I., and Santorelli, R.

Abstract

The PTOLEMY project aims to develop a scalable design for a Cosmic Neutrino Background (CNB) detector, the first of its kind and the only one conceived that can look directly at the image of the Universe encoded in neutrino background produced in the first second after the Big Bang. The scope of the work for the next three years is to complete the conceptual design of this detector and to validate with direct measurements that the non-neutrino backgrounds are below the expected cosmological signal. In this paper we discuss in details the theoretical aspects of the experiment and its physics goals. In particular, we mainly address three issues. First we discuss the sensitivity of PTOLEMY to the standard neutrino mass scale. We then study the perspectives of the experiment to detect the CNB via neutrino capture on tritium as a function of the neutrino mass scale and the energy resolution of the apparatus. Finally, we consider an extra sterile neutrino with mass in the eV range, coupled to the active states via oscillations, which has been advocated in view of neutrino oscillation anomalies. This extra state would contribute to the tritium decay spectrum, and its properties, mass and mixing angle, could be studied by analyzing the features in the beta decay electron spectrum.

Published
2019

45. A design for an electromagnetic filter for precision energy measurements at the tritium endpoint

Author

Simons Foundation, John Templeton Foundation, Betti, M.G., Biasotti, M., Boscá, A., Calle, F., Carabe-Lopez, J., Cavoto, G., Chang, C., Chung, W., Cocco, A.G., Colijn, A.P., Conrad, J., D'Ambrosio, N., De Salas, P.F., Faverzani, M., Ferella, A., Ferri, E., Garcia-Abia, P., Gomez-Tejedor, G.G., Gariazzo, S., Gatti, Flavio, Gentile, C., Giachero, A., Gudmundsson, Jon E., Hochberg, Y., Kahn, Y., Lisanti, M., Mancini-Terracciano, C., Mangano, G., Marcucci, L.E., Mariani, C., Martínez, J., Messina, M., Molinero-Vela, A., Monticone, E., Nucciotti, A., Pandolfi, F., Pastor, Sergio, Pedrós, J., De Los Heros, C.P., Pisanti, O., Polosa, A.D., Puiu, A., Raitses, Y., Rajteri, M., Rossi, N., Santorelli, R., Schaeffner, K., Strid, C.F., Tully, C.G., Simons Foundation, John Templeton Foundation, Betti, M.G., Biasotti, M., Boscá, A., Calle, F., Carabe-Lopez, J., Cavoto, G., Chang, C., Chung, W., Cocco, A.G., Colijn, A.P., Conrad, J., D'Ambrosio, N., De Salas, P.F., Faverzani, M., Ferella, A., Ferri, E., Garcia-Abia, P., Gomez-Tejedor, G.G., Gariazzo, S., Gatti, Flavio, Gentile, C., Giachero, A., Gudmundsson, Jon E., Hochberg, Y., Kahn, Y., Lisanti, M., Mancini-Terracciano, C., Mangano, G., Marcucci, L.E., Mariani, C., Martínez, J., Messina, M., Molinero-Vela, A., Monticone, E., Nucciotti, A., Pandolfi, F., Pastor, Sergio, Pedrós, J., De Los Heros, C.P., Pisanti, O., Polosa, A.D., Puiu, A., Raitses, Y., Rajteri, M., Rossi, N., Santorelli, R., Schaeffner, K., Strid, C.F., and Tully, C.G.

Abstract

We present a detailed description of the electromagnetic filter for the PTOLEMY project to directly detect the Cosmic Neutrino Background (CNB). Starting with an initial estimate for the orbital magnetic moment, the higher-order drift process of E×B is configured to balance the gradient-B drift motion of the electron in such a way as to guide the trajectory into the standing voltage potential along the mid-plane of the filter. As a function of drift distance along the length of the filter, the filter zooms in with exponentially increasing precision on the transverse velocity component of the electron kinetic energy. This yields a linear dimension for the total filter length that is exceptionally compact compared to previous techniques for electromagnetic filtering. The parallel velocity component of the electron kinetic energy oscillates in an electrostatic harmonic trap as the electron drifts along the length of the filter. An analysis of the phase-space volume conservation validates the expected behavior of the filter from the adiabatic invariance of the orbital magnetic moment and energy conservation following Liouville's theorem for Hamiltonian systems.

Published
2019

46. Investigation of Ti/Pd bilayer for single photon detection

Author

Taralli, E., Portesi, C., Rocci, R., Rajteri, M., and Monticone, E.

Subjects
Palladium -- Electric properties, Palladium -- Thermal properties, Photon detectors -- Evaluation, Silicon nitride -- Electric properties, Silicon nitride -- Thermal properties, Titanium alloys -- Electric properties, Titanium alloys -- Thermal properties, Business, Electronics, Electronics and electrical industries
Published
2009

47. Superconducting Mg[B.sub.2] nanostructures fabricated by electron beam lithography

Author

Monticone, E., Portesi, C., Borini, S., Taralli, E., and Rajteri, M.

Subjects
Lithography, Electron beam -- Usage, Integrated circuit fabrication -- Analysis, Magnesium compounds -- Electric properties, Integrated circuit fabrication, Business, Electronics, Electronics and electrical industries
Abstract

The fabrication of Mg[B.sub.2] meander lines with width ranging from 250 to 500 nm by using electron beam lithography (EBL)-based technique which were observed to maintain good superconducting properties are reported.

Published
2007

48. Neutrino physics with the PTOLEMY project: active neutrino properties and the light sterile case

Author

Betti, M.G., primary, Biasotti, M., additional, Boscá, A., additional, Calle, F., additional, Canci, N., additional, Cavoto, G., additional, Chang, C., additional, Cocco, A.G., additional, Colijn, A.P., additional, Conrad, J., additional, D'Ambrosio, N., additional, Groot, N. De, additional, de Salas, P.F., additional, Faverzani, M., additional, Ferella, A., additional, Ferri, E., additional, Garcia-Abia, P., additional, García-Cortés, I., additional, Gomez-Tejedor, G. Garcia, additional, Gariazzo, S., additional, Gatti, F., additional, Gentile, C., additional, Giachero, A., additional, Gudmundsson, J.E., additional, Hochberg, Y., additional, Kahn, Y., additional, Kievsky, A., additional, Lisanti, M., additional, Mancini-Terracciano, C., additional, Mangano, G., additional, Marcucci, L.E., additional, Mariani, C., additional, Martínez, J., additional, Messina, M., additional, Molinero-Vela, A., additional, Monticone, E., additional, Moroño, A., additional, Nucciotti, A., additional, Pandolfi, F., additional, Parlati, S., additional, Pastor, S., additional, Pedrós, J., additional, Heros, C. Pérez de los, additional, Pisanti, O., additional, Polosa, A.D., additional, Puiu, A., additional, Rago, I., additional, Raitses, Y., additional, Rajteri, M., additional, Rossi, N., additional, Rucandio, I., additional, Santorelli, R., additional, Schaeffner, K., additional, Tully, C.G., additional, Viviani, M., additional, Zhao, F., additional, and Zurek, K.M., additional

Published
2019
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49. A design for an electromagnetic filter for precision energy measurements at the tritium endpoint

Author

Betti, M.G., primary, Biasotti, M., additional, Boscá, A., additional, Calle, F., additional, Carabe-Lopez, J., additional, Cavoto, G., additional, Chang, C., additional, Chung, W., additional, Cocco, A.G., additional, Colijn, A.P., additional, Conrad, J., additional, D’Ambrosio, N., additional, de Salas, P.F., additional, Faverzani, M., additional, Ferella, A., additional, Ferri, E., additional, Garcia-Abia, P., additional, Gomez-Tejedor, G. Garcia, additional, Gariazzo, S., additional, Gatti, F., additional, Gentile, C., additional, Giachero, A., additional, Gudmundsson, J.E., additional, Hochberg, Y., additional, Kahn, Y., additional, Lisanti, M., additional, Mancini-Terracciano, C., additional, Mangano, G., additional, Marcucci, L.E., additional, Mariani, C., additional, Martínez, J., additional, Messina, M., additional, Molinero-Vela, A., additional, Monticone, E., additional, Nucciotti, A., additional, Pandolfi, F., additional, Pastor, S., additional, Pedrós, J., additional, de los Heros, C. Pérez, additional, Pisanti, O., additional, Polosa, A.D., additional, Puiu, A., additional, Raitses, Y., additional, Rajteri, M., additional, Rossi, N., additional, Santorelli, R., additional, Schaeffner, K., additional, Strid, C.F., additional, Tully, C.G., additional, Zhao, F., additional, and Zurek, K.M., additional

Published
2019
Full Text
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50. Properties of bilayers based on Mo films for transition-edge sensors

Author

Rajteri, M., Monticone, E., Gandini, C., Portesi, C., Rocci, R., and Bodoardo, S.

Subjects
Dielectric films -- Research, Thin films -- Research, Superconductive devices -- Research, Silicon nitride -- Research, Molybdenum -- Electric properties, Molybdenum -- Structure, Business, Electronics, Electronics and electrical industries
Abstract

Investigating the electrical and structural properties of Mo and Mo/Ag films deposited by e-beam on silicon nitride is presented. An increasing disorder in the Mo/Ag and reduced proximity coupling between Mo and Ag could be the reason for the unexpected behavior.

Published
2003

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