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Within the field of radiology, safeguarding against radiation is crucial, particularly in diagnostic procedures like X-rays, as radiation exposure holds the potential to harm cellular DNA. Presently, lead serves as the predominant material for radiation shielding. However, its usage raises environmental concerns owing to its toxic properties. The objective of this study is to investigate a radiation shielding alternative to lead and assess its efficacy in protecting against radiation. We examined the radiation absorption properties of material made from a composite of PBS and iodine contrast media in various proportions. Our findings indicate that the shielding material containing 75% iodine have the greatest ability to reduce radiation dose from X-rays but are still less than lead. Moreover, the PBS composite with iodine contrast media proved to be environmentally friendly, flexible, and exhibited excellent shielding performance in mitigating exposure during diagnostic X-ray procedures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In radiology it is necessary to use protective devices in radiological work to reduce the negative health effects of radiation. The objective of this study is to investigate an alternative lead-free radiation shielding material from PLA composite with BaSO4 and assess its efficacy in providing radiation protection. The findings indicate that the PLA composite containing 30% BaSO4 exhibited the most effective radiation absorption properties, with percentages of 92.15%, 89.26%, and 86.04% at X-ray energies of 40, 60, and 80 kVp, respectively. Moreover, the PLA composites containing BaSO4 are environmentally friendly providing suitable protection against low-dose radiation [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Radiation is useful but can be harmful to humans if used carelessly. Therefore, radiation protection equipment is necessary for workers. In this paper, we aim to study a cement composite with BaSO4/Bi2O3 for protection against X-rays and gamma rays. The shielding ability was measured using a diagnostic X-ray with energies of 60–120 keV and gamma rays of Cs-137, Ba-133, Co-57 and the morphology structure was determined including radiation protection properties. The results showed that Portland cement with a high concentration of BaSO4/Bi2O3 had the ability to absorb radiation from X-rays in the range of 95.54–99.87% and gamma energy in the range of 93.37–98.88%. Moreover, the composite of BaSO4/Bi2O3 induced a homogenous structure of Portland cement possibly affecting the strength of the material. In addition, Portland shielding can be designed for use in related applications in various energy ranges including ones that are environmentally friendly and suitable for the development of radiation protection in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Iodine contrast agents are essential for diagnostic purposes in radiology and have significant medical benefits. However, they pose a risk of causing allergic reactions or adverse cellular effects. In this study, we examine the in vitro effects of iodine contrast agents (Iopamiro 370, Ultravist 370, Visipaque 320, and Optiray 350) on cellular functions of human peripheral blood mononuclear. The findings reveal that a concentration of 50 mgI/ml of iodine contrast agents causes a 50% reduction in cell viability, but lower concentrations of 2.5, 5.0, and 10.0 mgI/ml do not affect the cell cycle. Furthermore, the contrast agents decrease oxidative stress levels in cells. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that iodine contrast agents can be used safely in appropriate concentrations for diagnostic purposes without affecting the cell cycle and preventing oxidative stress on normal cells. The insights gained from this study could aid in the development of diagnostic contrast agents in the future of medicine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In radiology, radiation shielding is important for protection especially with diagnostic radiation, such as diagnostic X-ray, because radiation exposure can damage cellular DNA. Currently, lead is the most common radiation shielding but it poses environmental hazards due to its toxicity. This research aims to study a non-lead radiation shielding and to evaluate its effectiveness of radiation protection. We studied radiation absorption properties from primary and secondary radiations from shielding composed of silicone rubber and BaSO4 and Bi2O3 in different proportions. The results showed that the shielding material at 70% BaSO4 and Bi2O3 has the ability to reduce radiation doses from 120 kVp X-rays and has absorption properties of 90.19, 94.87% in primary and 92.72, 97.48% in secondary radiation. In addition, the silicone rubber shielding materials mixed with BaSO4 and Bi2O3 are environment-friendly, flexible and have great shielding performance in reducing diagnostic X-ray exposure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The chest X-ray is a simple technique for routine medical examinations. Patients under investigation (PUI) might be exposed to radiation over the recommended dose due to the necessity of repeated X-rays. The aim of this research was to study the effects of repeated chest X-rays on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). The study determined characteristics of PBMCs by inverted microscope and flow cytometry after single and repeated X-ray exposure doses. The morphology of PBMCs showed cell differentiation to mesenchymal stromal cells throughout the plate and the trend of cells to differentiate in control groups more than single exposure and repeated irradiation. The cell growth of PBMCs was decreased after 10 days following repeated X-ray exposure as compared to controls. The overall results indicated that low-dose radiation from diagnostic X-rays affected PBMCs possibly indicating harmful radiation exposure. Future clinical studies will necessitate a larger sample size to more clearly assess cellular changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Interventional radiology is one of the most widely used treatment options for abdominal abnormality. Due to new dose limitations, radiation is a hazard that needs to be considered when choosing the international treatment technique. The aim of this study was to measure the effective/equivalent doses and to investigate the associated factors correlating with the doses during Transarterial Chemoembolization (TACE) and Percutaneous Transhepatic Biliary Drainage (PTBD) for radiologists, technologists and nurses involved with the treatment. This prospective study reports occupational dose per procedure of 57 cases (TACE = 42, PTBD = 15) in a Thailand hospital spanning one year. All staff included in this study wore 30 nanoDot Optically Stimulated Luminescence Dosimeter for measuring doses at 7 bodily locations. The average dose area product and cumulative doses was 151.3 Gy·cm2, 1,185.1 mGy during TACE and 21.3 Gy·cm2, 212.2 mGy during PTBD. The radiation exposure of the radiologists was significantly higher than technologists and nurses (p-value < 0.05). The lead protection equipment was a dose-reducing factor which decreased the dose up to 93%. The present study also contributes to the establishment of an individual dose location report and identifies significant correlations between associated factors and dose values. The left hand (1.2 mSv) and the left eye (1.1 mSv) showed maximum doses during the PTBD procedure. The exceeded dose over the limitation was observed in the left eye. We concluded that the dose feedback was able to increase awareness of the occupation staff. So, dose monitoring, updating education and regular training could be applied simply and effectively to improve skills, while reducing the occupational dose. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractIn medical practice, iodine contrast media are necessary for diagnostic techniques. However, it comes with a potential risk to the patient in the form of allergic reactions. The aim of this research is to study the effects of iodine contrast media on endothelial cells in an in vitro system at various concentrations, specifically investigating their impact on cell viability, cell cycle, and apoptosis in the treated cells within the field of diagnostic radiology. Our results showed that in iodine contrast media, when the concentration was within the range of 2.5-50 mgI/ml, cell viability decreased by 50%. Conversely, exposure to ioversol at concentrations between 12.5 and 50.0 mgI/ml resulted in a notable increase in the percentage of total apoptotic cells, including both early and late apoptosis. In conclusion, our in vitro investigation sheds light on the effect of iodinated contrast media on endothelial cell viability, cell cycle progression, and apoptosis. These findings contribute valuable insights to ensure the safety of their use, aligning with guidelines in radiological procedures. Further research and adherence to established guidelines are crucial for refining our understanding and promoting the safe application of iodinated contrast media in the field of radiology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]