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Context: Simulation is a frequently used technique for interprofessional education, allowing students from multiple professions to work together in providing quality patient care. However, little is known about the impact of interprofessional simulation with the inclusion of athletic training students because of the lack of literature. Objective: This study explored the impact of an interprofessional simulation on athletic training, nursing, and occupational therapy students' attitudes toward interprofessional collaboration after participation in an interprofessional simulation. Design: Quasi-experimental mixed-methods study, using a single-group, pretest-posttest design. The quantitative results are reported here. Setting: Private mid-sized Midwestern university. Participants: Seventy-nine students, representing athletic training, nursing, and occupational therapy, participated in the simulation; 32 of these students completed pretest/posttest questionnaires. Intervention: Students in all professions cared for or observed the care of a standardized patient from the time of a spinal cord injury on the football field through an ambulance ride and subsequent emergency and inpatient care. Students completed pretest/posttest questionnaires in the week before and immediately after the simulation. Main Outcome Measure: The Jefferson Scale of Attitudes Toward Interprofessional Collaboration (JeffSATIC) measured attitudes toward interprofessional collaboration. It consists of 2 subscales: Accountability and Working Relationships. Higher scores indicated more orientation toward teamwork and collaboration. Results: Participants demonstrated significant change on the JeffSATIC's Working Relationship subscale (P = 0.003). The Cohen d effect size was calculated for presimulation and postsimulation change, which showed a medium effect for the overall scale (d = 0.46), a negligible effect for the Accountability subscale (d = 0.02), and a large effect for the Working Relationship subscale (d = 0.79). Conclusions: This study demonstrates the utility of the simulation in improving attitudes toward interprofessional working relationships. Further research should explore the differences noted between athletic training students and other health care profession students.

Context: This study explored health care students' experiences after participation in an interprofessional simulation. Interprofessional education incorporates students from several health care professions in a controlled, collaborative learning environment. Athletic training students are not well represented in interprofessional education literature. Objective: This study sought to explore the attitudes of athletic training, nursing, and occupational therapy students toward other professions after their participation in an interprofessional simulation. Design: This article describes the results of the qualitative portion of a mixed-methods study. Focus group discussions related to elements of the Interprofessional Attitude Scale to explore participants' attitudes toward other professions. Researchers analyzed transcribed focus group discussions for themes. Setting: This study occurred in a private midsized Midwestern university. Patients or Other Participants: Seventy-nine students, representing athletic training, nursing, and occupational therapy, participated in the simulation; a sample of 13 of these participated in the focus groups. Intervention(s): Students in all professions cared for or observed the care of a standardized patient from the time of a spinal cord injury on the football field through an ambulance ride and subsequent emergency and inpatient care. Students collaborated and communicated with one another. Faculty conducted debriefing after the simulation and before the focus groups. Main Outcome Measure(s): Focus groups included relevant questions from the Interprofessional Attitudes Scale, and themes were identified from participants' responses. Results: Researchers identified 4 themes from the focus group discussions--collaboration, respect, knowledge of other professions, and communication. These themes also mirror elements of the Interprofessional Education Collaborative's core competencies of interprofessional collaborative practice. Conclusions: After the simulation, students expressed positive attitudes toward other professions. This study suggests that athletic training, nursing, and occupational therapy students have positive attitudes toward each other's professions after an interprofessional simulation activity.

Importance: The Integrative Medication Self-Management Intervention (IMedS) is a manualized occupational therapy intervention designed to improve adherence to medications. The intervention influences medication adherence and facilitates new medication habits and routines; however, it has not been tested in a community clinical setting. Objective: To test the efficacy of the IMedS to address medication adherence rates among community-dwelling adults with hypertension (HTN), Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), or both. Design: Randomized controlled trial using a pretest–posttest control group design. Setting: Primary care clinic in a large federally qualified health center. Participants: Adults with uncontrolled HTN, T2DM, or both. Intervention: Participants were divided into two groups: The control group received treatment as usual (TAU) per the primary care protocol, and the intervention IMedS group received TAU and the IMedS intervention. Outcomes and Measures: Primary outcome: seven-item version of the Adherence to Refills and Medication Scale (ARMS–7), pill count, blood pressure, hemoglobin A1c, or all of these. Results: The proportion of adherent participants increased in both groups, but between groups, changes were not statistically significant. Post hoc comparisons of the results of a mixed analysis of variance for ARMS–7 measurements indicated that the occupational therapy intervention had a unique effect, compared with that for the TAU control group (dc = 0.65). Effect scores for pill count (d = 0.55) also suggested that the occupational therapy intervention positively affected adherence. Conclusions and Relevance: Occupational therapists can provide assessment and intervention to positively influence medication adherence in a primary care setting. What This Article Adds: This article provides a better understanding of the occupational therapist's role in addressing medication management and adherence on the interdisciplinary primary care medical team. Occupational therapists can provide assessment using the Integrative Medication Self-Management Intervention (IMedS) to positively influence medication adherence in a primary care setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Creating innovative community-based programs for those living with and beyond cancer has the potential to improve outcomes; however, little has been done to explore these programs with participants that have various cancer diagnoses. We evaluated the impact of a 4-week community Occupational Therapy Health and Wellness Program (OT-HAWP) on self-perceived satisfaction and performance of daily activities, health-related quality of life, sleep quality, and fatigue among adults living with and beyond various cancer diagnoses. An uncontrolled, prospective, one-group pretest-posttest design was used. Participants completed patient reported measures of occupational performance and satisfaction (Canadian Occupational Performance Measure [COPM]), global health related quality of life (Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System-Global Health [PROMIS® Global Health]), sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index [PSQI]), and the effect of fatigue on activities (Multidimensional Assessment of Fatigue [MAF]) before and after the program completion. Data was fully collected on 34 participants with various cancer diagnoses. For all outcomes, there was a statistically significant improvement after participating in the OT-HAWP program. Effect sizes range from small (0.46) to large (1.28). The OT-HAWP has the potential to improve self-reported occupational performance and satisfaction, global health-related quality of life, sleep quality, and fatigue in adults living with and beyond cancer in the community. Efficacy studies exploring community-based interventions are warranted to support legislation for improved access to care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To determine the reliability and validity of the upper extremity function and pain scales of the Pediatric Outcomes Data Collecton Instrument (PODCI UEF and PODCI P) as an outcome measure in adolescents with Hypermobility Spectrum Disorder (HSDs). An observational study using a cross-section design was conducted. A convenience sample of 83 adolescents (age 11–18 years) with HSDs were recruited. Test-retest reliability of the PODCI UEF and PODCI P was examined using Lin's concordance correlation coefficient (ρc). Concurrent validity was established by comparing the PODCI UEF to the PROMIS Pediatric Upper Extremity-Short Form (PROMIS PUE-SF) and comparing the PODCI P to Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) using Spearman rho correlations. There was high test-retest reliability for the PODCI UEF, ρc = 0.81 (p < 0.001) and moderate test-retest reliability for the PODCI P, ρc = 0.68 (p < 0.001). There was a strong correlation between the PODCI UEF and the PROMIS PUE-SF, rs = 0.80 (p < 0.001) and a moderate inverse relationship rs = −0.73 (p < 0.001) between PODCI P and NRS scores (n = 150). The PODCI UEF and PODCI P may be a valid and reliable outcome measure in adolescents with HSDs. Adolescents with joint hypermobility can have chronic pain, fatigue, and decreased participation in daily activities. Clinical use of valid and reliable outcome measures to measure change may assist in planning care and identifying best practice for the management of HSDs. The PODCI was designed to be used as an outcome measure for chronic musculoskeletal conditions and has demonstrated test-retest reliability, validity, and responsiveness to change in other pediatric populations. The PODCI may be a valid and reliable outcome measure in adolescents with HSDs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research into intergenerational communications and its influence on consumer preferences and attitudes Results from IGEN scales are covered.