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Rotary systems have been increasing in popularity as they are easy to use and time efficient. In this study we have used the Twisted adaptive files on several cases, as this system has an intuitive color code, increased flexibility, employs little maneuverability and therefore will assure a centered and complete shaping of the root canal, regardless of the root curvature. We have used the system on different types of teeth (upper, lower, frontal and lateral), giving highly satisfactory results in all cases, verified by a post‑operatory radiography. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Several types of metal-free ceramics have been developed to meet the patients demand for natural looking appearance restorations. Owing to their biocompatibility and good mechanical properties zirconia has been successfully used in recent years as a dental biomaterial. Due to its high opacity zirconia cores are generally covered with ceramic veneers that provide a more natural appearance but have frequent incidence of chipping. As an alternative to veneered zirconia full-contour zirconia restorations become more widely used nowadays. The paper reviews the current knowledge and scientific data of the zirconia use in dentistry in order to compare the zirconia based dental restorations with the metal-ceramic ones and also the two types of dental restoration based on zirconia, veneered or monolithic zirconia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The World Health Organization has a long tradition on the methodology and monitorization of oral health epidemiological investigations, even in the field of dental caries. According to the targets to be attained in 2020, at the age of 6 years, 80% of children should be cavity-free and, at the age of 12, DMFT should be no more than 1.5. Based on WHO targets for 2020, an epidemiological study was performed on school children affected by dental caries, aged between 7-12 years, from the rural areas of the Dolj County. Methodology: The study protocol included conventional and meticulous visual clinical examination of students, according to WHO methodology, in the Pedodontic Clinics of Craiova - Faculty of Medical Dentistry. Also calculated was the DMFT index, by analysis of the DT, MT, FT components, as well as the dmft index, by analysis of the dt, mt, ft components. Results: The mean indices of carious experience in temporary dentition decrease with age, due to the progressive disappearance of milk teeth. The DMFT index values are given, in particular, by components that indicate the number of teeth affected by caries and not of the blocked ones. Conclusions: The results obtained emphasize the need for dental health education programs at national and community level, the kindergartens and schools having a great potential to influence dental health care habits in children. Also emphasized was the need for regional prevention programs, as part of an overall national program, which has to consider the socio-economic and cultural factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The objective is to emphasize the existence of some correlations between the age of the diabetes, the type of medication and the apparition of apical periodontitis after an endodontic treatment. Material and method: The study included patients suffering from type II diabetes mellitus and it was made over a two-year period, when we evaluated the periodontal status of the patients that had an endodontic treatment due to gangrene diagnose. Results: The registered data were statically analyzed. We followed the evolution of the endodontically treated teeth depending on the age of the diabetes and the type of anti-hyperglycemic treatment. Conclusions: The level of glycemic control has an influence on the evolution of the endodontic treatments, as the decrease of the metabolic control may determine a long period endodontic failure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. Dentinal permeability is its property of allowing the passage of light, heat, cool air and chemical substances from the enamel-dentine junction to the dental pulp. Materials and methods. 22 whole teeth were de-mineralized in a formic acid 4M solution. The biologic material was fixed in 4% tampon formalin, then included in paraffin for the usual technique. 4 μm sections have been de-paraffined, hydrated in alcohol solutions and then colored with hematoxillin-eozine, Goldner Szekelly tri-chromic, PAS-hematoxillin. Ground section have been produced out of 8 teeth, then colored with methylene blue. Results. The obtained images allow us to emphasize a series of anatomic evidence, needed to understand the physiologic modifications of the dentinal permeability depending on the main parts of the tooth, but also on the depth and location of the cavities we could prepare during the treatment of the simple dental cavity. Debate. An important parameter of dentinal permeability is hydraulic conductance, defined as the filtering system of the dentinal liquid; it varies according to the regional localization of the dentine, to the width of the residual dentine and to the obliteration degree of the dentinal tubes. Conclusions. Dentinal permeability is the consequence of the existence of the dentinal tubes and fluid. It is not the same in all the areas of the tooth, a very important factor in the surgical and restorative treatment of the simple cavity lesions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy of the working length determined by two methods: using exclusively an apex locator or using an apex locator associated to a radiological exam. Method: The study was made on 59 radicular canals, divited in 2 groups depending on the method used to determine the working length. For the first group (25 radicular canals) the working length was determined using just the apex locator. For the second group (34 canals) the working length determined by the apex locator was confirmed by the radiological exam. The distance between the canal obturation limit and the radiological apex was measured in millimeters for each canal and we calculated and registered the average. The registered data were statistically analyzed. Results: For the first group we obtained an average of 0,447 mm of the distance between the canal obturation limit and the radiological apex. For the second group the average was 0,368 mm, the average of the total number of necessary radiographies was 3,2. There were no significant differences between the 2 groups. Conclusions: The use of an apex locator to determine the working length is important in endodontics and this study indicates that there are no major differences for the canal obturations realized after the determinate working length between the two methods. A correct working length determination with a well-calibrated apex locator can avoid the necessity of radiological control during the endodontic treatment. This method can be used for patients that cannot be exposed to repeated radiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introductions. The vicious habit of sucking the thumb is an etiological factor of Angle Class II/1 malocclusion. Case presentation. In the clinical case that we intend to present, the main goal of the treatment was to recover the occlusion and the functions of the dento-maxillary complex. The treatment relied on the use of a fixed appliance. The sagittal inocclusion was thus reduced and the parameters of occlusion were brought to normality. Conclusions. We consider that the period of orthodontic treatment was reduced because the climax of the bones growth took place at the same time with the eruption of the 12-year-old molars. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of dental caries of first permanent molars in a group of children of Craiova. The sample of the study consisted of 83 children aged 7-15 years. The children were examined in a dental office and for each patient it had been analyzed the clinical status of first permanent molars, and it had been calculated the DMFT index. 332 of first permanent molars of 83 children were examined. The percentage of caries damages of first permanent molars was: 6% of girls and 12% of boys had extractions, 21% of girls and 51% of boys had very damaged molars, 38% of girls and 66% of boys had at least one cavity of first permanent molars. The prevalence of caries increases with age, and the extracted molars were found to the children aged 10-15 years. The prevalence of first permanent molars caries is high. The study reveals high percentage of damaged and lost molars to the children aged under 15 years. It is necesary to apply preventive methods in order to improve children's oral health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of our study is to evaluate the relationship between diabetes mellitus an periodontal disease and to investigate the effect of azithromycin, as an adjunct to non-surgical periodontal treatment, on glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and periodontal status in diabetic patients with chronic periodontitis. Materials and methods. The study was carried out on 63 patients diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. In all cases non-surgical periodontal treatment was carried out and systemic antibiotherapy was prescribed. Clinical periodontal parameters and HbA1c levels were evaluated as baseline and at follow-up sessions at one month, 3, 6 months. Results. The longer the duration of the disease the poorer blood glucose control, since the HbA1c levels were seen to increase, mean values been 9,2% especially in older patients with diabetes longer than 10 years. All clinical parameters were improved at follow-up examination, both groups demonstrated similar improvements. The azithromycin group maintained the results through the 6 months period with a higher percentage of deep pockets resolved. Reduced values of HbA1c levels were obtained in both group regardless the baseline values. Conclusions. A decrease in HbA1c values was observed after periodontal treatment, thus indicating improved blood glucose control in diabetics with chronic periodontitis. All clinical periodontal parameters were improved after systemic antibiotherapy and non-surgical periodontal treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Third molar morphology is very complex due to the variety of shapes and also to the number of roots and canals, which makes its treatment a real challenge and trial for the practitioner. Objectives: This study aims to analysing the internal radicular morphology of three molars, using a contrastive substance injected on the channel and the technique of teeth transparency. Materials and method: 38 teeth extracted on various reasons were studied after removing the dental pulp. An intracanalicular injection of a contrast substance (China ink) followed. The teeth were decalcified using nitric acid and were subsequently made transparent by using methil salicilate in order to point out aspects of internal radicular anatomy. Results: Third maxillary molars presented Ventucci types II and IV canals for mesio-vestibulary root, Ventucci I type canals for disto-vestibular and palatal roots. Intercanalicular communication was frequntly found at the level of the mesio root and lateral canals were found especially in the apical third. Conclusions: Knowledge of internal radicular morphology considerably improves the therapeutic vision leading to the suceess of endodontic treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We realized an ultrastructural study of the cells of the dental pulp, having in view their particularities relative to other types of conjunctive tissue. For this purpose, we selected five cases represented by teeth without subjective or objective symptomatology. Within the paper there are exposed the morphological aspects observed by means of electron microscopy. The results are then discussed in relation with a series of observations made by other researchers regarding the particularities of the pulp cells structures.