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Background: There is inadequate high-quality evidence on thromboprophylaxis for patients undergoing surgery for abdominopelvic cancer. We surveyed physicians who treat patients with abdominopelvic cancer to determine current thromboprophylaxis practice patterns and to determine where research is needed. Methods: We created an online survey with questions on thromboprophylaxis topics, including type of thromboprophylaxis used, timing of initial thromboprophylaxis dose, use of thromboprophylaxis during chemotherapy, use of extended-duration thromboprophylaxis and areas for future research. The survey questions were reviewed by external content experts to ensure they were appropriate and relevant. Surgeons, thrombosis experts and medical oncologists who manage patients with abdominopelvic cancers at 1 large Canadian academic centre were invited to complete the survey between January and April 2019. Results: Of the 57 physicians invited, 42 (74%) completed the survey, including 27 surgeons (response rate 79%), 9 thrombosis experts (response rate 75%) and 6 medical oncologists (response rate 55%). Most surgeons (22 [82%]) reported using mechanical thromboprophylaxis, whereas only 1 thrombosis expert (11%) recommended mechanical thromboprophylaxis. There was substantial variability in the timing of the initial dose of thromboprophylaxis, with 9/10 urologists (90%) and all 7 general surgeons giving the first dose intraoperatively, and three-quarters of thoracic surgeons (3/4 [75%]), gynecologists (3/4 [75%]) and thrombosis experts (7/9 [78%]) starting thromboprophylaxis after surgery. All medical oncologists believed chemotherapy increases the risk of venous thromboembolism, but 4 (67%) reported that they do not routinely prescribe thromboprophylaxis owing to bleeding concerns. Most respondents (35/38 [92%]) felt there was a need for more research on thromboprophylaxis and indicated willingness to participate in future clinical trials. Conclusion: Variability exists in contemporary thromboprophylaxis practice patterns among physicians treating patients with abdominopelvic cancer. Future research is needed to standardize care and improve outcomes for patients. Contexte : On manque de donnees de qualite elevee sur la thromboprophylaxie chez les patients traites en chirurgie pour un cancer abdomino-pelvien. Nous avons sonde des medecins traitant ces patients afin de determiner les tendances actuelles relatives a cette pratique et pour cerner les besoins en recherche. Methodes : Nous avons cree un sondage en ligne sur la thromboprophylaxie, comprenant des questions sur le type utilise, le moment d'administration de la dose initiale, le recours durant la chimiotherapie, l'utilisation prolongee et les domaines de recherche a explorer. Les questions ont ete validees par des experts de contenu externes, qui ont veille a ce qu'elles soient appropriees et pertinentes. Des chirurgiens, des experts en thrombose et des oncologues qui s'occupent de patients atteints de cancers abdomino-pelviens dans un grand centre hospitalier universitaire canadien ont ete invites a remplir le sondage entrer janvier et avril 2019. Resultats : Des 57 medecins sollicites, 42 (74 %) ont repondu au sondage, dont 27 chirurgiens (taux de reponse de 79 %), 9 experts en thrombose (taux de reponse de 75 %) et 6 oncologues (taux de reponse de 55 %). La majorite des chirurgiens (22 [82 %]) recouraient a la thromboprophylaxie mecanique, alors qu'un seul expert en thrombose (11 %) recommandait cette pratique. Le moment d'administration de la dose initiale variait considerablement : 9 urologues sur 10 (90 %) et chacun des 7 chirurgiens generalistes administraient la premiere dose durant l'operation, alors que les trois quarts des chirurgiens thoraciques (3/4 [75 %]), des gynecologues (3/4 [75 %]) et des experts en thrombose (7/9 [78 %]) commencaient la thromboprophylaxie apres l'intervention. Tous les oncologues etaient d'avis que la chimiotherapie augmentait le risque de thromboembolie veineuse, mais 4 (67 %) ont indique qu'ils ne prescrivaient pas d'emblee de thromboprophylaxie en raison des risques de saignements. La plupart des repondants (35/38 [92 %]) consideraient qu'il faudrait etudier davantage la thromboprophylaxie et ont indique leur volonte de participer a d'eventuels essais cliniques. Conclusion : A l'heure actuelle, les pratiques liees a la thromboprophylaxie varient chez les medecins traitant des patients atteints de cancers abdomino-pelviens. Il fau-dra mener d'autres etudes pour normaliser la prestation des soins et ameliorer les resultats pour les patients., Venous thromboembolism (VTE), which includes pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis, is the leading cause of noncancer death among patients who undergo surgery for cancer. (1) Even when patients survive [...]