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International audience; To evaluate hemodynamic markers obtained by accelerated GRAPPA (R = 2, 3, 4) and compressed sensing (R = 7.6) 4D flow MRI sequences under complex flow conditions. Methods: The accelerated 4D flow MRI scans were performed on a pulsatile flow phantom, along with a nonaccelerated fully sampled k-space acquisition. Computational fluid dynamics simulations based on the experimentally measured flow fields were conducted for additional comparison. Voxel-wise comparisons (Bland-Altman analysis, L 2-norm metric), as well as nonderived quantities (velocity profiles, flow rates, and peak velocities), were used to compare the velocity fields obtained from the different modalities. Results: 4D flow acquisitions and computational fluid dynamics depicted similar hemodynamic patterns. Voxel-wise comparisons between the MRI scans highlighted larger discrepancies at the voxels located near the phantom's boundary walls. A trend for all MR scans to overestimate velocity profiles and peak velocities as compared to computational fluid dynamics was noticed in regions associated with high velocity or acceleration. However, good agreement for the flow rates was observed, and eddy-current correction appeared essential for consistency of the flow rates measurements with respect to the principle of mass conservation. Conclusion: GRAPPA (R = 2, 3) and highly accelerated compressed sensing showed good agreement with the fully sampled acquisition. Yet, all 4D flow MRI scans were hampered by artifacts inherent to the phase-contrast acquisition procedure. Computational fluid dynamics simulations are an interesting tool to assess these differences but are sensitive to modeling parameters.

La producción lechera de Salta se centra fundamentalmente en la región templada de explotación intensiva y dentro de esta en el Valle de Lerma. La cuenca del Valle de Lerma está constituida por 32 tambos que en promedio emplean alrededor de 7,7±2,9 operarios/tambo; lo que representa alrededor de 200 familias que viven de esta actividad. Con el objetivo de evaluar la condición laboral de los asalariados tamberos e identificar aspectos limitantes en cuanto al grado de satisfacción laboral se llevó adelante una encuesta 101 operarios. La edad promedio de operarios del Valle es de 38±11,8 años. El 59% de los encuestados vive en el campo en el que trabajan. Al ser consultados respecto a las necesidades de vivienda un 27% reportó que esta no cubre las necesidades básicas para su familia a la vez que un 43% declaró no poseer baño dentro de la vivienda. El salario que perciben los operarios en el 77% de los casos es de tipo fijo. En cuanto al régimen de descanso alrededor del 50% declaró hacerlo 1 vez cada 15 días. Si bien el 62% de los encuestados disfruta de la tarea que realiza diariamente solo el 45% se lo recomendaría a sus hijos. En virtud de los resultados obtenidos se puede concluir que es necesario implementar acciones tendientes a mejorar las condiciones laborales de los asalariados tamberos del Valle de manera que alcancen un grado satisfacción laboral mayor; ya que una persona satisfecha con su trabajo realiza su labor de forma animada, busca aprender y mejorar sus habilidades; lo que sin dudas repercutirá en la productividad de la explotación tambera. The dairy production of Salta mainly focuses on the temperate region of intensive exploitation in the Lerma Valley. In the dairy basin of this valley there are 32 dairy farms which on average employ about 7.7 ± 2.9 workers / dairy farm; this represents about 200 families who live from this activity. A survey of 101 workers was carried out with the aim of evaluating the labor status of the workers and identifying limiting aspects regarding the degree of job satisfaction. The average age of workers in the Valley is 38 ± 11.8 years. 59% of the respondents live in the field in which they work. When asked about housing needs, 27% reported that they did not cover basic needs for their family, while 43% stated that they did not have a bathroom inside the house. The salary that the workers perceive in 77% of the cases is fixed rate. As for the rest regime about 50% stated to do it once every 15 days. While 62% of the respondents enjoy the task they do daily, only 45% would recommend it to their children. Based on the results obtained, it is possible to conclude that it is necessary to implement actions tending to improve the working conditions of the wage workers in Valle in order to achieve a higher degree of job satisfaction. Since a person satisfied with his work performs seeks to learn and improve his skills is undoubtedly that contribute this situation will affect positive the productivity of the farm. EEA Salta Fil: Martinez, Gabriela Marcela. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Salta; Argentina Fil: Bertoni, Emiliano Agustí­n. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Investigación Animal del Chaco Semiárido; Argentina Fil: Pais, A. Universidad Nacional de Salta; Argentina Fil: Moreno, Ramiro Daniel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Salta; Argentina Fil: Gana, M. CREA Valles Templados; Argentina

Toxocara vitulorum es un nematodo de la familia Ascaridae que parasita el intestino delgado de búfalos de agua (Bubalus bubalis) y de bovinos, que se encuentra predominantemente en regiones tropicales y subtropicales. En el Noroeste argentino se menciona la presencia de T. vitulorum en la provincia de Salta, aunque no se documentó la ubicación ni el estadio evolutivo parasitario observado. En enero de 2021, el Servicio de Diagnóstico Veterinario Especializado (SDVE) realizó un viaje a un establecimiento ganadero ubicado en la localidad de Guachipas, Salta, por el hallazgo de parásitos en la materia fecal de 2 terneros de menos de 4 meses de edad. Se colectaron muestras de materia fecal de los terneros menores a los 6 meses de edad (n=10) para estudios copro-parasitológicos observándose en 3 de estas la presencia de huevos de T. vitulorum. El presente trabajo es un complemento de lo documentado en la región del Noroeste argentino. Toxocara vitulorum is a nematode of the Ascaridae family that parasitizes the small intestine of water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) and cattle, found predominantly in tropical and subtropical regions. In the Argentine Northwest, the presence of T. vitulorum is mentioned in the province of Salta, although the location or the parasitic evolutionary stage observed was not reported. In January 2021, a trip was made to a farm located in the town of Guachipas, Salta, due to the finding of parasites in the fecal matter of 2 calves less than 4 months old. Fecal samples were collected from calves under 6 months of age (n = 10) for stool-parasitological studies, observing the presence of T. vitulorum eggs in 3 of those samples. This work is a complement to what is already reported in the Argentine Northwest region. Instituto de Investigación Animal del Chaco Semiárido Fil: Olmos, Leandro Hipólito. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Investigación Animal del Chaco Semiárido. Área de Investigación en Salud Animal; Argentina Fil: Olmos, Leandro Hipólito. Universidad Católica de Salta. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Veterinarias; Argentina Fil: Avellaneda Cáceres, Agustín. Universidad Católica de Salta. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Veterinarias; Argentina Fil: Avellaneda Cáceres, Agustín. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Sandoval, Gabriela V. Universidad Católica de Salta. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Veterinarias; Argentina Fil: Sandoval, Gabriela V. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Aguirre, Laura S. Universidad Católica de Salta. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Veterinarias; Argentina Fil: Aguirre, Laura S. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Moreno, Ramiro. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Salta. Área de Investigación en Salud Animal; Argentina Fil: Colque Caro, Luis Adrián. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Investigación Animal del Chaco Semiárido. Área de Investigación en Salud Animal; Argentina Fil: Colque Caro, Luis Adrián. Universidad Católica de Salta. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Veterinarias; Argentina Fil: Colque Caro, Luis Adrián. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Suarez, Victor Humberto. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Investigación Animal del Chaco Semiárido. Área de Investigación en Salud Animal; Argentina Fil: Micheloud, Juan Francisco. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Investigación Animal del Chaco Semiárido. Área de Investigación en Salud Animal; Argentina Fil: Micheloud, Juan Francisco. Universidad Católica de Salta. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Veterinarias; Argentina Fil: Micheloud, Juan Francisco. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina

Essa dissertação tem como objetivo o estudo dos novos direitos da personalidade como a proteção dos dados pessoais e o direito ao esquecimento no contexto da sociedade informacional, especificamente, a internet. A coleta, o processamento, a utilização, o armazenamento e a circulação de dados pessoais, impulsionados pela economia informacional, podem revelar aspectos da privacidade e da identidade do individuo de maneira potencializada. A problematização da investigação cientifica realizada encontra-se em delimitar o conceito do direito ao esquecimento e a sua eventual autonomia. Para tanto, direito correlatos como a privacidade, a proteção dos dados pessoais e suas faculdades jurídicas de desindexação e desvinculação serão abordados justamente para demonstrar as diferenças entre eles. Em meio aos desafios que são apresentados pela internet está a circulação das informações pessoais pretéritas, cujo acesso é facilitado pelos motores de busca. Nesse viés, o controle dos dados pessoais pelo seu titular se torna cada vez mais uma tarefa árdua. Ao mesmo tempo em que a ponderação de interesses é necessária por conta do embate com a liberdade de expressão e de informação. Nessa senda, imprescindível se tornou a análise dos recentes julgamentos que envolveram o tema como o do espanhol Mario Gonzáles pela Corte Europeia e o da apresentadora Xuxa Meneghel pelo Superior Tribunal de Justiça brasileiro. De modo conclusivo, situa-se um juízo crítico sobre as concepções de direito ao esquecimento, privacidade, proteção de dados pessoais e identidade. This dissertation aims to study the new rights of the personality as the protection of personal data and the right to forgetfulness in the context of the information society, specifically the Internet. The collection, processing, use, storage and circulation of personal data, driven by the information economy, can reveal aspects of the individual\'s privacy and identity in a potentialized way. The problematization of the scientific investigation carried out is to delimit the concept of the right to forgetfulness and its eventual autonomy. To do so, right correlates such as privacy, protection of personal data and their legal faculties of de-indexing and untying will be approached precisely to demonstrate the differences between them. Amidst the challenges presented by the internet is the circulation of personal information, which access is facilitated by search engines. In this bias, the control of personal data by its owner becomes more and more an arduous task. At the same time, the balance of interests is necessary because of the clash with freedom of expression and information. In this way, the analysis of the recent judgments that involved the theme as the Spanish Mario Gonzales by the European Court and that of the presenter Xuxa Meneghel by the Brazilian Superior Court of Justice became essential. In a conclusive way, a critical judgment is placed on the conceptions of right to forgetfulness, privacy, protection of personal data and identity.

Purposes Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is a prominent metric to assess scanners performances. SNR measurement in MRI is challenging because of the difficulty to quantify noise level from images. A gold-standard consist in pixel-by-pixel variance calculation on several images (>100) scanned in identical conditions. This method is accurate but cannot be practically implemented because of time constraints. Another gold-standard consists in scanning images without radiofrequency excitation hence collecting noise-only. This latter is also unpractical because it requires a specific and generally not-granted access to the hardware. Consequently, there is a need for designing alternative methods for accurate and precise noise quantification. This work aims to introduce a new noise level quantification method for SNR measurement. Methods Our method (Noisefilt) quantifies noise level by combining these operations: (1) subtraction of two images subsequently scanned in identical conditions, (2) Low-pass filtering to extract and suppress low-frequency remaining information, (3) (Noisefilt = standard deviation of pixels. Using a dataset of 30 exams of a head phantom scanned on a 3T MR unit with an 8-channel phased-array brain coil, we compared our method with three others from the literature: noise level quantified using one image-background region-of-interest (ROI) (Noisebgd), several background ROIs (Noisebgd+), and from the subtraction of two images (Noisediff) [6]. By means of Bland–Altman analysis, we assessed the agreement between all these methods and the noise-only standard method (NoisenoRF). We also assessed their correlation with NoisenoRF (Pearson’s correlation coefficient r, p Results Bland–Altman analysis showed that Noisefilt agrees more with the standard than the three other methods. Correlation of our Noisefilt method with the gold-standard (rfilt =0.80, p Conclusion We demonstrated that our method produces accurate measurement, is simple to implement, and is usable for instance for quality control (QC) purposes. This new metric is being tested with additional scans in QC monitoring of different MR scanners. Download : Download high-res image (87KB) Download : Download full-size image Download : Download high-res image (159KB) Download : Download full-size image

Purpose Since August 2016, France has transposed the 2013/35/EU directive on the minimum health and safety requirements regarding professional exposure to the risks related to electromagnetic fields (EMF).Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), which uses different EMFs for image production, falls within the scope of this regulation. As MR Safety Experts (MRSE) to over 20 clinical sites, we have developed a practical scheme to implement the regulation. In this work, we wish to present the implementation scheme and practical examples of its application. Methods The directive imposes to assess the EMF-related professional exposure risks by means of health and sensory Exposure Limit Values (ELVs) and Action Levels (ALs).Clinical MRI requires the use of a static magnetic field (0Hz), circularly polarized radiofrequency fields (42, 64, 128,300 MHz), and low-frequency switched gradient fields (0.5 kHz Results As a result, a detailed risk assessment report is issued to the sites with a clear exhibit of cases in which ELVs or ALs are exceeded.The report also details the prevention actions that need to be implemented and the required safety teaching program. Conclusions The directors and managers of these clinical MRI sites are responsible for the implementation of the health and safety requirements in the frame of the 2013/35/EU directive.They need to rely on trained MR physicists and MRSE.Our implementation scheme is an excellent solution to numerous clinical sites where none of their staff is trained in MR physics or on safety requirements.

El presente documento explica detalladamente el trabajo realizado sobre el estudio de la transferencia de calor en las cuatro pailas semiesféricas que conforman una hornilla panelera típica con cámara de combustión tipo WARD CIMPA. En específico, se pretendía analizar la contribución del calor por convección y radiación sobre cada una de las pailas que conforma la sección de secado de los jugos de la panela de la hornilla. De esta forma, primero que todo se estudió la transferencia de calor por convección para el cual se obtuvo una relación del número de Nusselt para cada paila analizada (4 en total). De esta forma, se conoce el comportamiento en cuanto a transferencia de calor de cada paila en función del número de Reynolds y Prandtl. Por otra parte, se estudió la transferencia de calor por radiación producto de las altas temperaturas que alcanzan los gases a la entrada del ducto de la hornilla panelera This document shows the results of the computational study of heat transfer made on four semispherical pots (in Spanish "paila") of the panela industry. In this sense, the mean purpose was to determine the relative influence of both convective and radiative heat transfer in order to acquire tools to analyze the phenomenon but also to improve the actual design of the pots. First of all, the convective heat transfer was analyzed in order to obtain a correlation for the Nusselt number, which is an important quantity to characterize the convective heat transfer. In this sense, it would be possible to analyze the heat transfer taking into account the variations of the Reynolds and Prandtl numbers. Second of all, it was necessary to study the radiative heat transfer because of the high temperatures present at the entrance of the oven, specifically in the first pot that the gases impact Magíster en Ingeniería Mecánica Maestría

Introduction: We conducted a descriptive transversal study designed to assess the prevalence of thoracic disc herniation as a cause of chronic abdominal pain, and to describe its associated autonomic symptoms. Methods: We designed a study consisted of patients attending our offices between February 2009 and September 2011, with a complaint of chronic abdominal pain of suspected abdominal wall source (positive Carnett's sign). Nuclear Magnetic Resonance of the spinal column was performed to all of them. Patients with thoracic disc herniation in its Nuclear Magnetic Resonance are treated according to their etyology. Finally we evaluated with a test the symptoms in patients with thoracic disc herniation and the response to the applied treatment. Results: 46 patients with chronic abdominal pain were evaluated, the NMR results of 30 out of these 46 patients (63,83%) evidenced thoracic disk herniation. We report the results of these 30 patients' evaluation test, emphasizing that symptoms are florid and varied. Conclusions: Thoracic disc herniation may account for chronic abdominal pain in a large number of patients, who remain undiagnosed or are diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome. Thus, this possibility needs to be taken into account in order to achieve a correct diagnosis and provide a suitable treatment.

Trabajo de grado (Diseñador de la Comunicación Gráfica)-- Universidad Autónoma de Occidente, 2009 Pregrado Diseñador(a) de la Comunicación Gráfica

Colloque avec actes et comité de lecture. Internationale.; International audience; De l’imagerie fonctionnelle pour les vaisseaux est développée à partir de données médicales morphologiques (IRM 4D) et hémodynamiques (IRM par contraste de phase dans les plans d’entrée-sortie). Les données fonctionnelles pertinentes (champ de vitesse, frottement pariétal, gradient de pression,…) sont alors calculées en simulant l’écoulement compatible avec les données médicales. On présente les résultats obtenus dans la phase de validation in vitro de cette technique sur un fantôme de crosse aortique.

CT-guided percutaneous osteosynthesis of posterior disruption of an unstable pelvic ring is an alternative to the fluoroscopically guided procedure or to open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF), which is the technique of choice for unstable pelvic fracture with disruption of the sacroiliac joint or fracture of the sacral wing. However, ORIF has a high rate of morbidity and mortality, and the CT-guided procedure involves less blood loss and has a lower rate of infectious and postoperative complications. CT guidance of the percutaneous technique also has significant advantages over fluoroscopic guidance. The critical point is the placement of the guidewire inside the sacral body through the external surface of the iliac wing and of the fracture line or sacroiliac diastasis. We describe and illustrate the procedure through three cases, two sacroiliac articular disruptions and a fracture of the sacral wing.

Guía que persigue dar respuesta a las nuevas necesidades docentes con un modelo de aprendizaje en el que las herramientas telemáticas son imprescindibles. Sus objetivos son varios: ofrecer una visión analítica de los principales factores y alternativas que deben considerarse antes de poner en marcha un sitema de formación online. Proporcionar un método sistemático, coherente y susceptible de acomodación a distintos enfoques, y sugiere unas pautas para la creación de un modelo institucional, didactico y tecnológico, que sirva como referencia en la concreción de los programas de formación. La Rioja Biblioteca de Educación del Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte; Calle San Agustín 5 -3 Planta; 28014 Madrid; Tel. +34917748000; biblioteca@mecd.es ESP