2,042 results on '"Mori, J."'
Search Results
2. Boolean intervals in the weak Bruhat order of a finite Coxeter group
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Adenbaum, Ben, Elder, Jennifer, Harris, Pamela E., and Mori, J. Carlos Martínez
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Mathematics - Combinatorics ,05A05, 05A15, 05A19, 06A07, 20F55 - Abstract
Given a Coxeter group $W$ with Coxeter system $(W,S)$, where $S$ is finite. We provide a complete characterization of Boolean intervals in the weak order of $W$ uniformly for all Coxeter groups in terms of independent sets of the Coxeter graph. Moreover, we establish that the number of Boolean intervals of rank $k$ in the weak order of $W$ is ${i_k(\Gamma_W)\cdot|W|}\,/\,2^{k}$, where $\Gamma_W$ is the Coxeter graph of $W$ and $i_k(\Gamma_W)$ is the number of independent sets of size $k$ of $\Gamma_W$ when $W$ is finite. Specializing to $A_n$, we recover the characterizations and enumerations of Boolean intervals in the weak order of $A_n$ given in arXiv:2306.14734. We provide the analogous results for types $C_n$ and $D_n$, including the related generating functions and additional connections to well-known integer sequences.
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- 2024
3. Modeling Processes of Neighborhood Change
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Mori, J. Carlos Martínez and Zhao, Zhanzhan
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Computer Science - Multiagent Systems ,91D10, 91A80, 90B06 - Abstract
An urban planner might design the spatial layout of transportation amenities so as to improve accessibility for underserved communities -- a fairness objective. However, implementing such a design might trigger processes of neighborhood change that change who benefits from these amenities in the long term. If so, has the planner really achieved their fairness objective? Can algorithmic decision-making anticipate second order effects? In this paper, we take a step in this direction by formulating processes of neighborhood change as instances of no-regret dynamics; a collective learning process in which a set of strategic agents rapidly reach a state of approximate equilibrium. We mathematize concepts of neighborhood change to model the incentive structures impacting individual dwelling-site decision-making. Our model accounts for affordability, access to relevant transit amenities, community ties, and site upkeep. We showcase our model with computational experiments that provide semi-quantitative insights on the spatial economics of neighborhood change, particularly on the influence of residential zoning policy and the placement of transit amenities.
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- 2024
4. Interval and $\ell$-interval Rational Parking Functions
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Aguilar-Fraga, Tomás, Elder, Jennifer, Garcia, Rebecca E., Hadaway, Kimberly P., Harris, Pamela E., Harry, Kimberly J., Hogan, Imhotep B., Johnson, Jakeyl, Kretschmann, Jan, Lawson-Chavanu, Kobe, Mori, J. Carlos Martínez, Monroe, Casandra D., Quiñonez, Daniel, Tolson III, Dirk, and Williams II, Dwight Anderson
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Mathematics - Combinatorics ,05A05, 05A15, 05A18, 05A19 - Abstract
Interval parking functions are a generalization of parking functions in which cars have an interval preference for their parking. We generalize this definition to parking functions with $n$ cars and $m\geq n$ parking spots, which we call interval rational parking functions and provide a formula for their enumeration. By specifying an integer parameter $\ell\geq 0$, we then consider the subset of interval rational parking functions in which each car parks at most $\ell$ spots away from their initial preference. We call these $\ell$-interval rational parking functions and provide recursive formulas to enumerate this set for all positive integers $m\geq n$ and $\ell$. We also establish formulas for the number of nondecreasing $\ell$-interval rational parking functions via the outcome map on rational parking functions. We also consider the intersection between $\ell$-interval parking functions and Fubini rankings and show the enumeration of these sets is given by generalized Fibonacci numbers. We conclude by specializing $\ell=1$, and establish that the set of $1$-interval rational parking functions with $n$ cars and $m$ spots are in bijection with the set of barred preferential arrangements of $[n]$ with $m-n$ bars. This readily implies enumerative formulas. Further, in the case where $\ell=1$, we recover the results of Hadaway and Harris that unit interval parking functions are in bijection with the set of Fubini rankings, which are enumerated by the Fubini numbers., Comment: To appear in Discrete Mathematics & Theoretical Computer Science
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- 2023
5. Cost-sharing in Parking Games
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Elder, Jennifer, Harris, Pamela E., Kretschmann, Jan, and Mori, J. Carlos Martínez
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Mathematics - Combinatorics ,Computer Science - Discrete Mathematics ,Computer Science - Computer Science and Game Theory ,05A05, 91A12, 91A46 - Abstract
In this paper, we study the total displacement statistic of parking functions from the perspective of cooperative game theory. We introduce parking games, which are coalitional cost-sharing games in characteristic function form derived from the total displacement statistic. We show that parking games are supermodular cost-sharing games, indicating that cooperation is difficult (i.e., their core is empty). Next, we study their Shapley value, which formalizes a notion of "fair" cost-sharing and amounts to charging each car for its expected marginal displacement under a random arrival order. Our main contribution is a polynomial-time algorithm to compute the Shapley value of parking games, in contrast with known hardness results on computing the Shapley value of arbitrary games. The algorithm leverages the permutation-invariance of total displacement, combinatorial enumeration, and dynamic programming. We conclude with open questions around alternative solution concepts for supermodular cost-sharing games and connections to other areas in combinatorics., Comment: 12 pages
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- 2023
6. Sparse Graphical Designs via Linear Programming
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Al-Thani, Hessa, Babecki, Catherine, and Mori, J. Carlos Martínez
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Mathematics - Optimization and Control ,Mathematics - Combinatorics ,90B80 (Primary), 90C27, 05C90 (Secondary) - Abstract
Graphical designs are a framework for sampling and numerical integration of functions on graphs. In this note, we introduce a method to address the trade-off between graphical design sparsity and accuracy. We show how to obtain sparse graphical designs via linear programming and design objective functions that aim to maximize their accuracy. We showcase our approach using yellow taxicab data from New York City.
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- 2023
7. Parking functions, Fubini rankings, and Boolean intervals in the weak order of $\mathfrak{S}_n$
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Elder, Jennifer, Harris, Pamela E., Kretschmann, Jan, and Mori, J. Carlos Martínez
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Mathematics - Combinatorics ,05A05, 06A07, 05A05, 05A15, 05A19 - Abstract
Let $\mathfrak{S}_n$ denote the symmetric group and let $W(\mathfrak{S}_n)$ denote the weak order of $\mathfrak{S}_n$. Through a surprising connection to a subset of parking functions, which we call unit Fubini rankings, we provide a complete characterization and enumeration for the total number of Boolean intervals in $W(\mathfrak{S}_n)$ and the total number of Boolean intervals of rank $k$ in $W(\mathfrak{S}_n)$. Furthermore, for any $\pi\in\mathfrak{S}_n$, we establish that the number of Boolean intervals in $W(\mathfrak{S}_n)$ with minimal element $\pi$ is a product of Fibonacci numbers. We conclude with some directions for further study., Comment: 17 pages, 4 figures. To appear in Journal of Combinatorics
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- 2023
8. Lucky Cars and the Quicksort Algorithm
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Harris, Pamela E., Kretschmann, Jan, and Mori, J. Carlos Martínez
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Mathematics - Combinatorics ,Primary 05A05, Secondary 68P10 - Abstract
Quicksort is a classical divide-and-conquer sorting algorithm. It is a comparison sort that makes an average of $2(n+1)H_n - 4n$ comparisons on an array of size $n$ ordered uniformly at random, where $H_n = \sum_{i=1}^n\frac{1}{i}$ is the $n$th harmonic number. Therefore, it makes $n!\left[2(n+1)H_n - 4n\right]$ comparisons to sort all possible orderings of the array. In this article, we prove that this count also enumerates the parking preference lists of $n$ cars parking on a one-way street with $n$ parking spots resulting in exactly $n-1$ lucky cars (i.e., cars that park in their preferred spot). For $n\geq 2$, both counts satisfy the second order recurrence relation $ f_n=2nf_{n-1}-n(n-1)f_{n-2}+2(n-1)! $ with $f_0=f_1=0$., Comment: 8 pages, and 2 figures, to appear in The American Mathematical Monthly
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- 2023
9. Designing Equitable Transit Networks
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Pavia, Sophie, Mori, J. Carlos Martinez, Sharma, Aryaman, Pugliese, Philip, Dubey, Abhishek, Samaranayake, Samitha, and Mukhopadhyay, Ayan
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Computer Science - Computers and Society - Abstract
Public transit is an essential infrastructure enabling access to employment, healthcare, education, and recreational facilities. While accessibility to transit is important in general, some sections of the population depend critically on transit. However, existing public transit is often not designed equitably, and often, equity is only considered as an additional objective post hoc, which hampers systemic changes. We present a formulation for transit network design that considers different notions of equity and welfare explicitly. We study the interaction between network design and various concepts of equity and present trade-offs and results based on real-world data from a large metropolitan area in the United States of America., Comment: Accepted in the non-archival track at the ACM Conference on Equity and Access in Algorithms, Mechanisms, and Optimization (EAAMO), 2023
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- 2022
10. Permutation Invariant Parking Assortments
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Chen, Douglas M., Harris, Pamela E., Mori, J. Carlos Martínez, Pabón-Cancel, Eric J., and Sargent, Gabriel
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Mathematics - Combinatorics ,05A15, 05A19, 05E18 - Abstract
We introduce parking assortments, a generalization of parking functions with cars of assorted lengths. In this setting, there are $n\in\mathbb{N}$ cars of lengths $\mathbf{y}=(y_1,y_2,\ldots,y_n)\in\mathbb{N}^n$ entering a one-way street with $m=\sum_{i=1}^ny_i$ parking spots. The cars have parking preferences $\mathbf{x}=(x_1,x_2,\ldots,x_n)\in[m]^n$, where $[m]:=\{1,2,\ldots,m\}$, and enter the street in order. Each car $i \in [n]$, with length $y_i$ and preference $x_i$, follows a natural extension of the classical parking rule: it begins looking for parking at its preferred spot $x_i$ and parks in the first $y_i$ contiguously available spots thereafter, if there are any. If all cars are able to park under the preference list $\mathbf{x}$, we say $\mathbf{x}$ is a parking assortment for $\mathbf{y}$. Parking assortments also generalize parking sequences, introduced by Ehrenborg and Happ, since each car seeks for the first contiguously available spots it fits in past its preference. Given a parking assortment $\mathbf{x}$ for $\mathbf{y}$, we say it is permutation invariant if all rearrangements of $\mathbf{x}$ are also parking assortments for $\mathbf{y}$. While all parking functions are permutation invariant, this is not the case for parking assortments in general, motivating the need for characterization of this property. Although obtaining a full characterization for arbitrary $n\in\mathbb{N}$ and $\mathbf{y}\in\mathbb{N}^n$ remains elusive, we do so for $n=2,3$. Given the technicality of these results, we introduce the notion of minimally invariant car lengths, for which the only invariant parking assortment is the all ones preference list. We provide a concise, oracle-based characterization of minimally invariant car lengths for any $n\in\mathbb{N}$. Our results around minimally invariant car lengths also hold for parking sequences.
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- 2022
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11. On the Outcome Map of MVP Parking Functions: Permutations Avoiding 321 and 3412, and Motzkin Paths
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Harris, Pamela E., Kamau, Brian M., Mori, J. Carlos Martínez, and Tian, Roger
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Mathematics - Combinatorics ,05A05, 05A15, 05A19 - Abstract
We introduce a new parking procedure called MVP parking in which $n$ cars sequentially enter a one-way street with a preferred parking spot from the $n$ parking spots on the street. If their preferred spot is empty, they park there. Otherwise, they park there and the car parked in that spot is bumped to the next unoccupied spot on the street. If all cars can park under this parking procedure, we say the list of preferences of the $n$ cars is an MVP parking function of length $n$. We show that the set of (classical) parking functions is exactly the set of MVP parking functions although the parking outcome (order in which the cars park) is different under each parking process. Motivating the question: Given a permutation describing the outcome of the MPV parking process, what is the number of MVP parking functions resulting in that given outcome? Our main result establishes a bound for this count which is tight precisely when the permutation describing the parking outcome avoids the patterns 321 and 3412. We then consider special cases of permutations and give closed formulas for the number of MVP parking functions with those outcomes. In particular, we show that the number of MVP parking functions which park in reverse order (that is the permutation describing the outcome is the longest word in $\mathfrak{S}_n$, which does not avoid the pattern 321) is given by the $n$th Motzkin number. We also give families of permutations describing the parking outcome for which the cardinality of the set of cars parking in that order is exponential and others in which it is linear., Comment: 20 pages, 1 table, 7 figures
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- 2022
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12. Myocardial mechanics and cardiac biomarkers in adults with severe anorexia nervosa
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Krantz, Mori J., Watters, Ashlie, Oakes, Judy, Frazier, Megan, and Mehler, Philip S.
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- 2023
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13. On Parking Functions and The Tower of Hanoi
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Aguillon, Yasmin, Alvarenga, Dylan, Harris, Pamela E., Kotapati, Surya, Mori, J. Carlos Martínez, Monroe, Casandra D., Saylor, Zia, Tieu, Camelle, and Williams II, Dwight Anderson
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Mathematics - Combinatorics - Abstract
The displacement of a parking function measures the total difference between where cars want to park and where they ultimately park. In this article, we prove that the set of parking functions of length $n$ with displacement one is in bijection with the set of ideal states in the famous Tower of Hanoi game with $n+1$ disks and $n+1$ pegs, both sets being enumerated by the Lah numbers., Comment: 7 pages; 4 figures (5 image files); Final version to appear in The American Mathematical Monthly
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- 2022
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14. Permutatorial Optimization via the Permutahedron
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Mori, J. Carlos Martinez and Samaranayake, Samitha
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Mathematics - Optimization and Control - Abstract
A water company decides to expand its network with a set of water lines, but it cannot build them all at once. However, it starts reaping benefits from a partial expansion. In what order should the company build the lines? We formalize a class of permutatorial problems with combinatorial/continuous subproblems capturing applications of incremental deployment. We show that, for additive/linear objective functions, efficient polyhedral methods for the subproblems extend to the permutatorial problem. Our main technical ingredient is the permutahedron.
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- 2022
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15. Modeling community COVID-19 transmission risk associated with U.S. universities
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Uelmen, J. A., Kopsco, H., Mori, J., Brown, W. M., and Smith, R. L.
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- 2023
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16. On the Request-Trip-Vehicle Assignment Problem
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Mori, J. Carlos Martínez and Samaranayake, Samitha
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Computer Science - Data Structures and Algorithms - Abstract
The request-trip-vehicle assignment problem is at the heart of a popular decomposition strategy for online vehicle routing. In this framework, assignments are done in batches in order to exploit any shareability among vehicles and incoming travel requests. We study a natural ILP formulation and its LP relaxation. Our main result is an LP-based randomized rounding algorithm that, whenever the instance is feasible, leverages mild assumptions to return an assignment whose: i) expected cost is at most that of an optimal solution, and ii) expected fraction of unassigned requests is at most $1/e$. If trip-vehicle assignment costs are $\alpha$-approximate, we pay an additional factor of $\alpha$ in the expected cost. We can relax the feasibility requirement by considering the penalty version of the problem, in which a penalty is paid for each unassigned request. We find that, whenever a request is repeatedly unassigned after a number of rounds, with high probability it is so in accordance with the sequence of LP solutions and not because of a rounding error. We additionally introduce a deterministic rounding heuristic inspired by our randomized technique. Our computational experiments show that our rounding algorithms achieve a performance similar to that of the ILP at a reduced computation time, far improving on our theoretical guarantee. The reason for this is that, although the assignment problem is hard in theory, the natural LP relaxation tends to be very tight in practice., Comment: SIAM Conference on Applied and Computational Discrete Algorithms (ACDA21)
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- 2020
17. Ventricular Arrhythmias Associated With Over-the-Counter and Recreational Opioids
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Krantz, Mori J., Rudo, Todd J., Haigney, Mark C.P., Stockbridge, Norman, Kleiman, Robert B., Klein, Michael, and Kao, David P.
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- 2023
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18. Impact of transitioning to virtual delivery of a cardiovascular health improvement program for Latinos during the COVID-19 pandemic
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Amelia Iglesias, Ashley Ambrose, Stephanie Coronel-Mockler, Kristin Kilbourn, Marc P. Bonaca, Raymond O. Estacio, and Mori J. Krantz
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Latino health ,Community health ,Cardiovascular disease ,Health promotion ,COVID-19 ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Abstract Background Community Heart Health Actions for Latinos at Risk (CHARLAR) is a promotora-led cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk-reduction program for socio-demographically disadvantaged Latinos and consists of 11 skill-building sessions. The COVID-19 pandemic has led to worsening health status in U.S. adults and necessitated transition to virtual implementation of the CHARLAR program. Methods A mixed-methods approach was used to evaluate virtual delivery of CHARLAR. Changes in health behaviors were assessed through a pre/post program survey. Results from virtual and historical (in-person delivery) were compared. Key informant interviews were conducted with promotoras and randomly selected participants and then coded and analyzed using a thematic approach. Results An increase in days of exercise per week (+ 1.52), daily servings of fruit (+ 0.60) and vegetables (+ 0.56), and self-reported general health (+ 0.38), were observed in the virtual cohort [all p
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- 2022
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19. Impact of transitioning to virtual delivery of a cardiovascular health improvement program for Latinos during the COVID-19 pandemic
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Iglesias, Amelia, Ambrose, Ashley, Coronel-Mockler, Stephanie, Kilbourn, Kristin, Bonaca, Marc P., Estacio, Raymond O., and Krantz, Mori J.
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- 2022
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20. Cardiovascular Consequences of Addiction
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Cotter, Ryan, Krantz, Mori J., el-Guebaly, Nady, editor, Carrà, Giuseppe, editor, Galanter, Marc, editor, and Baldacchino, Alexander M., editor
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- 2021
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21. Visual Outcome and Treatment Frequency of Anti-VEGF Therapy Using the Treat-and-Extend and Treatment Cessation Regimen for Exudative Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Pachychoroid Neovasculopathy
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Kinoshita T, Mori J, Hatanaka A, Shimizu M, and Imaizumi H
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age-related macular degeneration ,pachychoroid neovasculopathy ,anti-vascular endothelial growth factor ,treat-and-extend regimen ,treatment cessation ,Ophthalmology ,RE1-994 - Abstract
Takamasa Kinoshita, Junya Mori, Akira Hatanaka, Miho Shimizu, Hiroko Imaizumi Department of Ophthalmology, Sapporo City General Hospital, Sapporo, JapanCorrespondence: Takamasa KinoshitaDepartment of Ophthalmology, Sapporo City General Hospital, 1-1, N-11, W-13, Chuoku, Sapporo, 060-8604, JapanTel +81 11 726 2211Fax +81 11 726 9541Email knst129@gmail.comPurpose: To report the results of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy using treat-and-extend (TAE) and treatment cessation regimens for exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and pachychoroid neovasculopathy (PN).Methods: We retrospectively studied 101 treatment-naïve eyes of 101 patients with exudative AMD and PN that underwent anti-VEGF therapy using TAE and treatment cessation regimen with a follow-up period of ≥ 12 months. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), treatment frequency, and number of eyes with successful treatment cessation were measured. Successful treatment cessation was defined as dry macula retention without treatment for > 16 weeks after the last injections. Factors related to the successful treatment cessation were evaluated.Results: BCVA was maintained at the last visit with a mean follow-up period of 49.9 ± 26.9 months. The injection number decreased from 6.8 ± 2.31 at the first year to 3.7 ± 3.64 at the fifth year. At the last visit, 48 (47.5%) eyes were being treated at an interval of ≥ 12 weeks or were under treatment cessation. Successful treatment cessation during the follow-up period and at the last visit were achieved in 56 (55.4%) and 27 (26.7%) eyes, with a median treatment-free period of 66 and 126 weeks, respectively. Good early treatment response and a small recurrence number were associated with successful treatment cessation at the last visit.Conclusion: Patients with good early response to treatment and fewer recurrences may achieve treatment cessation. This information could help physicians predict the achievement of treatment cessation for a considerable period.Keywords: age-related macular degeneration, pachychoroid neovasculopathy, anti-vascular endothelial growth factor, treat-and-extend regimen, treatment cessation
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- 2021
22. Contributors
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Alomar, Mohammed, primary, Amarh, Enoch, additional, Baranchuk, Adrian, additional, Beach, Scott, additional, Boutjdir, Mohamed, additional, Campbell, Kristen Bova, additional, Capecchi, Pier Leopoldo, additional, Chandrasekhar, Sanjay, additional, Chung, Mina K., additional, Curtis, Michael J., additional, Fradley, Michael G., additional, Funk, Margo, additional, Haigney, Mark C.P., additional, Hancox, Jules C., additional, Kovacs, Richard J., additional, Krahn, Andrew D., additional, Krantz, Mori J., additional, Laghi-Pasini, Franco, additional, Laksman, Zachary W.M., additional, Lazzerini, Pietro Enea, additional, Overholser, Brian R., additional, Roberts, Jason D., additional, Roston, Thomas M., additional, Sowinski, Kevin M., additional, Tisdale, James E., additional, Wass, Sojin Youn, additional, Wilde, Arthur AM, additional, Woosley, Raymond L., additional, and Yeung, Cynthia, additional
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- 2022
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23. Methadone, synthetic opioids and torsades de pointes
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Krantz, Mori J., primary and Haigney, Mark C.P., additional
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- 2022
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24. Profiling of Androgen-Dependent Enhancer RNAs Expression in Human Prostate Tumors: Search for Malignancy Transition Markers
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Nishimura K, Mori J, Sawada T, Nomura S, Kouzmenko A, Yamashita K, Kanemoto Y, Kurokawa T, Hayakawa A, Tokiwa S, Ochi M, Shimmura H, and Kato S
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enhancer rna ,prostate cancer ,androgen receptor ,psa ,non-coding rna ,epigenetic modification ,Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology ,RC870-923 - Abstract
Koichi Nishimura,1,2,* Jinichi Mori,1– 3,* Takahiro Sawada,1,2 Shuhei Nomura,1,4 Alexander Kouzmenko,1 Kaori Yamashita,5 Yoshiaki Kanemoto,1,2 Tomohiro Kurokawa,1,2 Akira Hayakawa,1 Suguru Tokiwa,5 Michihisa Ochi,5 Hiroaki Shimmura,5 Shigeaki Kato1,2 1Research Institute of Innovative Medicine, Tokiwa Foundation, Iwaki, Japan; 2Graduate School of Life Science and Engineering, Iryo Sosei University, Iwaki, Japan; 3Department of Hematology, Jyoban Hospital, Iwaki, Japan; 4Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; 5Department of Urology, Jyoban Hospital, Iwaki, Japan*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Shigeaki Kato Email uskato0525@gmail.comIntroduction: Although the ability of androgens to promote prostate cancer development has been known for decades, the molecular mechanisms of androgen receptor (AR) signaling in the tumorigenesis remain unclear. Enhancer RNAs (eRNAs) transcribed from strong enhancers, or super-enhancers (SEs), have recently emerged as a novel class of regulatory non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) that facilitate transcription, including that of androgen target genes, through chromatin looping to position enhancers proximate to the promoters. The aim of this study was to assess androgen-dependent transcription in prostate tumors of eRNAs (designated as KLK3eRNAs) from the SE of the KLK3 gene encoding the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) protein, a clinical marker of prostate carcinogenesis.Materials and Methods: The androgen-induced KLK3eRNAs were identified in the LNCaP human prostate cancer cell line. The expressions of these KLK3eRNAs together with KLK3 and AR mRNA transcripts were assessed by qRT-PCR in prostate tumor samples from five prostate cancer patients.Results: Androgen-induced KLK3eRNAs have been identified in the LNCaP cells, and their expression was further analyzed in tumors of prostate cancer patients. Transcripts of the tested KLK3eRNAs have been detected in all clinical samples, but their expression patterns differed between individual tumor specimens. We found a statistically significant correlation between the levels of the KLK3 and AR mRNAs with those of the previously reported KLK3eRNAs, while such correlation was not observed for novel KLK3eRNAs described in our recent report.Conclusion: Presented data suggest that prostate tumor development may associate with epigenetic reorganization in the KLK3 genomic regulatory elements reflected by changes of the KLK3eRNA expression. Our findings support a potential of eRNAs profiling to be used as diagnostic marker.Keywords: enhancer RNA, prostate cancer, androgen receptor, PSA, non-coding RNA, epigenetic modification
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- 2021
25. Cardiovascular Complications of Opioid Use: JACC State-of-the-Art Review
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Krantz, Mori J., Palmer, Robert B., and Haigney, Mark C.P.
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- 2021
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26. Methadone Blockade of Cardiac Inward Rectifier K+ Current Augments Membrane Instability and Amplifies U Waves on Surface ECGs: A Translational Study
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Michael G. Klein, Mori J. Krantz, Naheed Fatima, Ashlie Watters, Dayan Colon‐Sanchez, Robert M. Geiger, Robert E. Goldstein, Soroosh Solhjoo, Philip S. Mehler, Thomas P. Flagg, and Mark C. Haigney
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I K1 ,I Kr ,methadone ,U waves ,ventricular arrhythmia ,Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,RC666-701 - Abstract
Background Methadone is associated with a disproportionate risk of sudden death and ventricular tachyarrhythmia despite only modest inhibition of delayed rectifier K+ current (IKr), the principal mechanism of drug‐associated arrhythmia. Congenital defects of inward rectifier K+ current (IK1) have been linked to increased U‐wave amplitude on ECG and fatal arrhythmia. We hypothesized that methadone may also be a potent inhibitor of IK1, contributing to delayed repolarization and manifesting on surface ECGs as augmented U‐wave integrals. Methods and Results Using a whole‐cell voltage clamp, methadone inhibited both recombinant and native IK1 with a half‐maximal inhibitory concentration IC50) of 1.5 μmol/L, similar to that observed for IKr block (half‐maximal inhibitory concentration of 2.9 μmol/L). Methadone modestly increased the action potential duration at 90% repolarization and slowed terminal repolarization at low concentrations. At higher concentrations, action potential duration at 90% repolarization lengthening was abolished, but its effect on terminal repolarization rose steadily and correlated with increased fluctuations of diastolic membrane potential. In parallel, patient ECGs were analyzed before and after methadone initiation, with 68% of patients having a markedly increased U‐wave integral compared with premethadone (lead V3; mean +38%±15%, P=0.016), along with increased QT and TPeak to TEnd intervals, likely reflective of IKr block. Conclusions Methadone is a potent IK1 inhibitor that causes augmentation of U waves on surface ECG. We propose that increased membrane instability resulting from IK1 block may better explain methadone’s arrhythmia risk beyond IKr inhibition alone. Drug‐induced augmentation of U waves may represent evidence of blockade of multiple repolarizing ion channels, and evaluation of the effect of that agent on IK1 may be warranted.
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- 2022
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27. Myocardial mechanics and cardiac biomarkers in adults with severe anorexia nervosa.
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Krantz, Mori J., Watters, Ashlie, Oakes, Judy, Frazier, Megan, and Mehler, Philip S.
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Background: Anorexia nervosa (AN) is associated with left ventricular (LV) atrophy and unexplained sudden death. Myocardial mechanics have not been well studied in adults with AN. Whether LV mass or illness duration, markers of AN severity, correlate with abnormal strain imaging is unknown. Methods: We performed a prospective study among patients hospitalized with severe AN (n = 29) [body mass index (BMI) < 14.5 kg/m
2 ] and sex/age-matched controls (n = 16) (BMI > 18.5 kg/m2 ). LV ejection fraction (LVEF) was calculated via modified-biplane method and LV mass was derived using the truncated ellipsoid formula. Apical 2-, 3-, and 4-chamber images were used to generate regional strain mapping and global longitudinal strain (GLS). N-terminal brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels were measured and linear regression was used to determine independent predictors of strain. Results: Mean LVEF did not differ (65% ± 6.0 vs. 62% ± 4.4, p = 0.06), but LV mass was substantially reduced (61.6 ± 16.8 vs. 97.6 ± 19.1 g, p <.0001). GLS was similar (− 20.6 ± 3.8 vs. − 20.9 ± 2.8, p = 0.82), however, the basal strain was worse (-18.7 ± 4.8 vs. -21.9 ± 4.1, p = 0.03). Lower LV mass was associated with worsening GLS (r = − 0.40, p = 0.003), but not among controls (p = 0.89). Median (IQR) NT-proBNP (pg/ml) was higher in patients with AN [141 (59–257) vs. 35.5 (21–56.5) p = 0.0007]. Both increasing NT-proBNP and illness duration were associated with worsening strain patterns in AN (both p =.001). Conclusions: While LVEF and GLS did not differ, regional strain variation was noted among patients with AN. Elevated NT-proBNP may reflect increased wall tension from LV atrophy. Whether strain heterogeneity can identify patients with AN, at risk for sudden death, requires further study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
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28. Lucky Cars and the Quicksort Algorithm.
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Harris, Pamela E., Kretschmann, Jan, and Martínez Mori, J. Carlos
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- 2024
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29. Is QTc-Interval Prolongation an Inherent Feature of Eating Disorders? A Cohort Study
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Krantz, Mori J., Blalock, Dan V., Tanganyika, Kundai, Farasat, Morteza, McBride, Jennifer, and Mehler, Philip S.
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- 2020
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30. The E/e′ Ratio: As “Critical” As the Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction?
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Krantz, Mori J., Rudo, Todd, Horvath, Blaine, Gregory, Elizabeth, Farasat, Morteza, Gore, Odette, and Mehler, Philip S.
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- 2022
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31. Longitudinal Changes in Vascular Risk Markers and Mortality Rates among a Latino Population with Hypertension
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Pflederer, Matthew C, Long, Carlin S, Beaty, Brenda, Havranek, Edward P, Mehler, Philip S, Keniston, Angela, and Krantz, Mori J
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Public Health ,Health Sciences ,Clinical Research ,Cardiovascular ,Prevention ,Detection ,screening and diagnosis ,4.1 Discovery and preclinical testing of markers and technologies ,Good Health and Well Being ,Atherosclerosis ,Blood Pressure ,Blood Vessels ,Carotid Intima-Media Thickness ,Chronic Disease ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Female ,Hispanic or Latino ,Humans ,Hypertension ,Incidence ,Male ,Middle Aged ,Prospective Studies ,Pulse Wave Analysis ,Risk Assessment ,Risk Factors ,Survival Rate ,United States ,Biomarkers/analysis ,cardiovascular diseases/epidemiology/ethnology/prevention & control ,Hispanic Americans/ethnology ,models ,statistical ,phospholipases A2 ,predictive value of tests ,pulse-wave analysis/methods ,risk assessment ,risk factors ,socioeconomic factors ,Cardiovascular System & Hematology - Abstract
Vascular markers such as pulse-wave velocity and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) might improve the prediction of incident cardiovascular disease beyond traditional risk factors. These vascular markers have not been well characterized in minority populations and might be more useful than inflammatory biomarkers. We conducted a prospective, longitudinal cohort study among hypertensive patients in an urban safety-net hospital. We evaluated inflammatory biomarkers, arterial pulse-wave velocity, and carotid intima-media thickness at baseline, 1 year, and 2 years. The primary outcome variable was CIMT. Generalized linear mixed-effects models were used to evaluate associations between CIMT and predictive variables accounting for the correlation of multiple measurements within subjects over time. For our secondary outcome, we used administrative and National Death Index data to determine all-cause death, and univariate relationships were evaluated. Among 175 subjects, 117 were Latino (67%) and 117 were female (67%). Pulse-wave velocity and CIMT regressed over time (both P
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- 2016
32. Reply
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Krantz, Mori J., primary, Stockbridge, Norman, additional, Kao, David P., additional, Klein, Michael G., additional, and Haigney, Mark C.P., additional
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- 2023
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33. Effects of omega-3 fatty acids on arterial stiffness in patients with hypertension: a randomized pilot study.
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Krantz, Mori J, Havranek, Edward P, Pereira, Rocio I, Beaty, Brenda, Mehler, Philip S, and Long, Carlin S
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Humans ,Hypertension ,Fatty Acids ,Omega-3 ,Treatment Outcome ,Prospective Studies ,Pilot Projects ,Double-Blind Method ,Aged ,Middle Aged ,Female ,Male ,Vascular Stiffness ,Fatty Acids ,Omega-3 ,General & Internal Medicine ,Clinical Sciences - Abstract
BackgroundOmega-3 fatty acids prevent cardiovascular disease (CVD) events in patients with myocardial infarction or heart failure. Benefits in patients without overt CVD have not been demonstrated, though most studies did not use treatment doses (3.36 g) of omega-3 fatty acids. Arterial stiffness measured by pulse wave velocity (PWV) predicts CVD events independent of standard risk factors. However, no therapy has been shown to reduce PWV in a blood pressure-independent manner. We assessed the effects of esterified omega-3 fatty acids on PWV and serum markers of inflammation among patients with hypertension.Design and methodsWe performed a prospective, randomized; double-blinded pilot study of omega-3 fatty acids among 62 patients in an urban, safety net hospital. Patients received 3.36 g of omega-3 fatty acids vs. matched placebo daily for 3-months. The principal outcome measure was change in brachial-ankle PWV. Serum inflammatory markers associated with CVD risk were also assessed.ResultsThe majority (71 %) were of Latino ethnicity. After 3-months, mean change in arterial PWV among omega-3 and placebo groups was -97 cm/s vs. -33 cm/s respectively (p = 0.36 for difference, after multivariate adjustment for baseline age, systolic blood pressure, and serum adiponectin). Non-significant reductions in lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (LpPLA2) mass and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) relative to placebo were also observed (p = 0.08, and 0.21, respectively).ConclusionHigh-dose omega-3 fatty acids did not reduce arterial PWV or markers of inflammation among patients within a Latino-predominant population with hypertension.Clinical trial registrationNCT00935766 , registered July 8 2009.
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- 2015
34. Impact of Sodium-glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitor Initiation in a Safety-net Hospital
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Wienkers, Stephanie, Boka, Adrian, and Krantz, Mori J.
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- 2022
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35. On the Request-Trip-Vehicle Assignment Problem
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Mori, J. Carlos Martínez, primary and Samaranayake, Samitha, additional
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- 2021
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36. Mentoring the next generation of physician-scientists in Japan: A cross-sectional survey of mentees in six academic medical centers Career choice, professional education and development
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Feldman, Mitchell, Sakushima, K, Mishina, H, Fukuhara, S, Sada, K, Koizumi, J, Sugioka, T, Kobayashi, N, Nishimura, M, Mori, J, and Makino, H
- Abstract
© 2015 Sakushima et al.; licensee BioMed Central.Background: Physician-scientists play key roles in biomedical research across the globe, yet prior studies have found that it is increasingly difficult to recruit and retain physician-scientists in research
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- 2015
37. Huffing and twist: Fatal Torsade de pointes associated with Tetrafluoroethane Inhalation and amphetamine use
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Joseph Burke, Mark C. P. Haigney, Morteza Farasat, Philip S. Mehler, and Mori J. Krantz
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hERG ,huffing ,Ikr ,sudden cardiac death ,torsade de pointes ,Medicine ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Abstract Many volatile chemicals inhaled for a recreational high have a chemical structure similar to chloroform and may lead to Ikr blockade and subsequent torsades de pointes. This is one potential mechanism of action for huffing‐associated sudden death.
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- 2021
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38. Sparse graphical designs via linear programming
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Al-Thani, Hessa, Babecki, Catherine, and Martínez Mori, J. Carlos
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- 2024
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39. A controlled trial of mobile short message service among participants in a rural cardiovascular disease prevention program
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Gore, Maria Odette, Krantz, Mori J., Albright, Karen, Beaty, Brenda, Coronel-Mockler, Stephanie, Bull, Sheana, and Estacio, Raymond O.
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- 2019
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40. Slope failure prediction using a spatial probabilistic modeling approach integrated with Monte Carlo simulation and GIS
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Zhou, G., primary, Esaki, T., additional, Miani, Y., additional, and Mori, J., additional
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- 2020
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41. Cardiovascular Consequences of Addiction
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Cotter, Ryan, primary and Krantz, Mori J., additional
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- 2020
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42. Investigation of the huge tsunami from the 2011 Tōhoku-Oki, Japan, earthquake using ocean floor boreholes to the fault zone
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Mori, J, Chester, F, Brodsky, EE, and Kodaira, S
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Oceanography - Abstract
Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) Expedition 343, named the Japan Trench Fast Drilling Project (JFAST), drilled ocean floor boreholes through the fault zone of the 2011 Tōhoku-Oki earthquake (M9.0) to enhance understanding of the rupture process and tsunami generation. This project investigated the very large fault slip that caused the devastating tsunami by making borehole stress measurements, sampling the plate boundary fault zone, and taking temperature measurements across the fault zone. The results show that the earthquake rupture occurred in a narrow fault zone (< 5 m). Based on both laboratory experiments on fault zone material and temperature monitoring of the fault zone, we show that the fault had very low friction during the earthquake. The low friction properties of the fault zone might be attributed to high smectite clay content of the sediment. These physical and frictional characteristics contributed to the unusually large fault slip that occurred during the earthquake and generated the tsunami. © 2014 by The Oceanography Society. All rights reserved.
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- 2014
43. Treatment-Seeking Delay Among Hispanic and Non-Hispanic Women with Acute Myocardial Infarction
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Amy Pate, Bonnie A. Leeman-Castillo, and Mori J. Krantz
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Hispanic women ,acute myocardial infarction ,treatment-seeking behavior ,prehospital delay ,ethnic variables ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Purpose: Women and minorities with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) often fail to recognize prodromal symptoms leading to delays in care. The objective of this study was to conduct a mixed method assessment of the impact of ethnicity on symptom description, recognition, and treatment-seeking behavior in Hispanic and non-Hispanic women before hospitalization for AMI. Methods: We explored differences in symptomatology, treatment-seeking behavior, and delay patterns among a convenience sample of 43 women diagnosed with AMI (17 Hispanic women, 26 non-Hispanic women) in seven rural and urban Colorado hospitals. We performed in-depth interviews to establish patterns (typologies) of treatment-seeking behaviors. Chart abstraction provided delay times as a function of ethnicity. Results: Most (28/43) women reported prodromal symptoms in the weeks before their index AMI. Overall, fewer Hispanic women presented within 24?h of symptom onset (3/18, 17% vs. 15/18, 83%, p
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- 2019
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44. A controlled trial of mobile short message service among participants in a rural cardiovascular disease prevention program
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Maria Odette Gore, Mori J. Krantz, Karen Albright, Brenda Beaty, Stephanie Coronel-Mockler, Sheana Bull, and Raymond O. Estacio
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Medicine - Abstract
The statewide Colorado Healthy Heart Solutions (CHHS) program provides cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor screening and education to the medically underserved and has been shown to improve CVD risk profiles. We aimed to enhance its effectiveness through addition of a mobile health (mHealth) intervention using SMS messaging (termed Cardio SMS). We conducted a prospective, non-randomized controlled pilot trial of this intervention implemented at 5 rural program sites (number of participants N = 204) compared with a contemporaneous propensity-score matched control group from 14 CHHS sites not receiving the intervention (N = 408) between 2012 and 2014. All participants were free of CVD at baseline, and follow-up time was 12-months. The primary outcome was program engagement, defined as the number of completed interactions with the program during the entire follow-up period. Secondary outcomes were program retention, defined as any interaction during the last two months of the study; change in self-reported healthy behaviors (physical activity, weight loss, smoking cessation, fat intake); and change in CVD risk factors. There were trends for differences between groups across multiple outcomes, but most did not reach statistical significance, except for a greater decrease in self-reported fat intake in the intervention vs. control groups (26.3% vs 10.6%, P = 0.001). In addition, a subset of surveyed participants who viewed the SMS messages as motivating showed greater program retention (P = 0.03). Given the relative ease and scalability of SMS interventions in rural underserved communities, further study of SMS as part of multicomponent strategies for CVD prevention is warranted. Keywords: Mobile health, Cardiovascular disease, Primary prevention
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- 2019
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45. Photosynthetic and morphological responses of oak species to temperature and [CO2] increased to levels predicted for 2050
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Killi, D., Bussotti, F., Gottardini, E., Pollastrini, M., Mori, J., Tani, C., Papini, A., Ferrini, F., and Fini, A.
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- 2018
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46. Distinct and overlapping functional roles of Src family kinases in mouse platelets
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SÉVERIN, S, NASH, CA, MORI, J, ZHAO, Y, ABRAM, C, LOWELL, CA, SENIS, YA, and WATSON, SP
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Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ,Cardiovascular Medicine and Haematology ,Clinical Sciences ,Hematology ,Underpinning research ,1.1 Normal biological development and functioning ,Cardiovascular ,Animals ,Blood Platelets ,Carrier Proteins ,Cell Shape ,Disease Models ,Animal ,Fibrinogen ,Mice ,Mice ,Knockout ,Mutation ,Peptides ,Platelet Activation ,Platelet Adhesiveness ,Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex ,Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins ,Proto-Oncogene Proteins ,Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fyn ,Signal Transduction ,Thrombosis ,Time Factors ,src-Family Kinases ,GPVI ,integrin aIIb ss 3 ,Lyn ,platelets ,Src family kinases ,Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology ,Cardiovascular System & Hematology ,Cardiovascular medicine and haematology ,Clinical sciences - Abstract
Background and objectivesSrc family kinases (SFKs) play a critical role in initiating and propagating signals in platelets. The aims of this study were to quantitate SFK members present in platelets and to analyze their contribution to platelet regulation using glycoprotein VI (GPVI) and intregrin αIIbβ3, and in vivo.Methods and resultsMouse platelets express four SFKs, Fgr, Fyn, Lyn and Src, with Lyn expressed at a considerably higher level than the others. Using mutant mouse models, we demonstrate that platelet activation by collagen-related peptide (CRP) is delayed and then potentiated in the absence of Lyn, but only marginally reduced in the absence of Fyn or Fgr, and unaltered in the absence of Src. Compound deletions of Lyn/Src or Fyn/Lyn, but not of Fyn/Src or Fgr/Lyn, exhibit a greater delay in activation relative to Lyn-deficient platelets. Fibrinogen-adherent platelets show reduced spreading in the absence of Src, potentiation in the absence of Lyn, but no change in the absence of Fyn or Fgr. In mice double-deficient in Lyn/Src or Fgr/Lyn, the inhibitory role of Lyn on spreading on fibrinogen is lost. Lyn is the major SFK-mediating platelet aggregation on collagen at arterial shear and its absence leads to a reduction in thrombus size in a laser injury model.ConclusionThese results demonstrate that SFKs share individual and overlapping roles in regulating platelet activation, with Lyn having a dual role in regulating GPVI signaling and an inhibitory role downstream of αIIbβ3, which requires prior signaling through Src.
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- 2012
47. Pulse wave velocity and carotid atherosclerosis in White and Latino patients with hypertension
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Krantz, Mori J, Long, Carlin S, Hosokawa, Patrick, Karimkhani, Elhum, Dickinson, Miriam, Estacio, Raymond O, Masoudi, Frederick A, and Havranek, Edward P
- Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ,Cardiovascular Medicine and Haematology ,Clinical Research ,Atherosclerosis ,Heart Disease ,Cardiovascular ,Prevention ,Heart Disease - Coronary Heart Disease ,Aging ,Aged ,Blood Pressure ,Carotid Artery Diseases ,Cohort Studies ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Female ,Heart Rate ,Hispanic or Latino ,Humans ,Hypertension ,Male ,Middle Aged ,White People ,Pulse wave velocity hypertension ,atherosclerosis ,carotid intima media thickness ,Latino ,inflammatory markers ,augmentation index ,central aortic pressure ,C-reactive protein ,Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology ,Cardiovascular System & Hematology ,Cardiovascular medicine and haematology - Abstract
BackgroundPreventive cardiology has expanded beyond coronary heart disease towards prevention of a broader spectrum of cardiovascular diseases. Ethnic minorities are at proportionately greater risk for developing extracoronary vascular disease including heart failure and cerebrovascular disease.MethodsWe performed a cross sectional study of Latino and White hypertension patients in a safety-net healthcare system. Framingham risk factors, markers of inflammation (hsCRP, LPpLA2), arterial stiffness (Pulse wave velocity, augmentation index, and central aortic pressure), and endothelial function (brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation) were measured. Univariate and multivariable associations between these parameters and an index of extracoronary atherosclerosis (carotid intima media thickness) was performed.ResultsAmong 177 subjects, mean age was 62 years, 67% were female, and 67% were Latino. In univariate analysis, markers associated with carotid intima media thickness (IMT) at p.10). Only PWV retained a significant association with carotid IMT independent of the Framingham general risk profile parameters (p=.016). No statistically significant interactions between Framingham and other independent variables with ethnicity (all p>.05) were observed.ConclusionIn this safety net cohort, PWV is a potentially useful adjunctive atherosclerotic risk marker independent of traditional risk factors and irrespective of ethnicity.
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- 2011
48. Circulating adiponectin levels are lower in Latino versus non-Latino white patients at risk for cardiovascular disease, independent of adiposity measures
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Pereira, Rocio I, Wang, Cecilia CL, Hosokawa, Patrick, Dickinson, L Miriam, Chonchol, Michel, Krantz, Mori J, Steiner, John F, Bessesen, Daniel H, Havranek, Edward P, and Long, Carlin S
- Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ,Clinical Sciences ,Nutrition ,Aging ,Diabetes ,Prevention ,Heart Disease ,Cardiovascular ,Obesity ,Clinical Research ,Metabolic and endocrine ,Endocrinology & Metabolism ,Clinical sciences - Abstract
BackgroundLatinos in the United States have a higher prevalence of type 2 diabetes than non-Latino whites, even after controlling for adiposity. Decreased adiponectin is associated with insulin resistance and predicts T2DM, and therefore may mediate this ethnic difference. We compared total and high-molecular-weight (HMW) adiponectin in Latino versus white individuals, identified factors associated with adiponectin in each ethnic group, and measured the contribution of adiponectin to ethnic differences in insulin resistance.MethodsWe utilized cross-sectional data from subjects in the Latinos Using Cardio Health Actions to reduce Risk study. Participants were Latino (n = 119) and non-Latino white (n = 60) men and women with hypertension and at least one other risk factor for CVD (age 61 ± 10 yrs, 49% with T2DM), seen at an integrated community health and hospital system in Denver, Colorado. Total and HMW adiponectin was measured by RIA and ELISA respectively. Fasting glucose and insulin were used to calculate the homeostasis model insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR). Variables independently associated with adiponectin levels were identified by linear regression analyses. Adiponectin's contribution to ethnic differences in insulin resistance was assessed in multivariate linear regression models of Latino ethnicity, with logHOMA-IR as a dependent variable, adjusting for possible confounders including age, gender, adiposity, and renal function.ResultsMean adiponectin levels were lower in Latino than white patients (beta estimates: -4.5 (-6.4, -2.5), p < 0.001 and -1.6 (-2.7, -0.5), p < 0.005 for total and HMW adiponectin), independent of age, gender, BMI/waist circumference, thiazolidinedione use, diabetes status, and renal function. An expected negative association between adiponectin and waist circumference was seen among women and non-Latino white men, but no relationship between these two variables was observed among Latino men. Ethnic differences in logHOMA-IR were no longer observed after controlling for adiponectin levels.ConclusionsAmong patients with CVD risk, total and HMW adiponectin is lower in Latinos, independent of adiposity and other known regulators of adiponectin. Ethnic differences in adiponectin regulation may exist and future research in this area is warranted. Adiponectin levels accounted for the observed variability in insulin resistance, suggesting a contribution of decreased adiponectin to insulin resistance in Latino populations.
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- 2011
49. On Parking Functions and The Tower of Hanoi
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Aguillon, Yasmin, primary, Alvarenga, Dylan, additional, Harris, Pamela E., additional, Kotapati, Surya, additional, Mori, J. Carlos Martínez, additional, Monroe, Casandra D., additional, Saylor, Zia, additional, Tieu, Camelle, additional, and Williams, Dwight Anderson, additional
- Published
- 2023
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50. Abstract 17074: Methadone Potently Blocks Cardiac IK1 Leading to Membrane Instability
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Klein, Michael, Geiger, Robert, Krantz, Mori J, Goldstein, Robert, Flagg, Thomas P, and HAIGNEY, Mark C
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
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