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448 results on '"Morinaga T"'

1. Logarithmic and nonlogarithmic scaling laws of two-point statistics in wall turbulence

Author

Mouri, H., Morinaga, T., Yagi, T., and Mori, K.

Subjects
Physics - Fluid Dynamics
Abstract

Wall turbulence has a sublayer where one-point statistics, e.g., the mean velocity and the variances of some velocity fluctuations, vary logarithmically with the distance from the wall. This logarithmic scaling is found here for two-point statistics or specifically two-point cumulants of those fluctuations by means of experiments in a wind tunnel. As for corresponding statistics of the rate of the energy dissipation, the scaling is found to be not logarithmic. We reproduce these scaling laws with some mathematics and also with a model of energy-containing eddies that are attached to the wall., Comment: 11 pages, to appear in Physical Review E

Published
2020
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2. Unlikely existence of $k_x^{-1}$ spectral law in wall turbulence: an observation of the atmospheric surface layer

Author

Mouri, H., Morinaga, T., and Haginoya, S.

Subjects
Physics - Fluid Dynamics, Physics - Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics
Abstract

For wall turbulence, there has been predicted a range of streamwise wavenumbers $k_x$ such that the spectral density of streamwise velocity fluctuations is proportional to $k_x^{-1}$. The existence or nonexistence of this $k_x^{-1}$ law is examined here. We observe the atmospheric surface layer over several months, select suitable data, and use them to synthesize the energy spectrum that would represent wall turbulence at a very high Reynolds number. The result is not consistent with the $k_x^{-1}$ law. It is rather consistent with a recent correction to the prediction of a model of energy-containing eddies that are attached to the wall. The reason for these findings is discussed mathematically., Comment: 8 pages, to appear in Physics of Fluids

Published
2019
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3. Logarithmic scaling for fluctuations of a scalar concentration in wall turbulence

Author

Mouri, H., Morinaga, T., Yagi, T., and Mori, K.

Subjects
Physics - Fluid Dynamics
Abstract

Within wall turbulence, there is a sublayer where the mean velocity and the variance of velocity fluctuations vary logarithmically with the height from the wall. This logarithmic scaling is also known for the mean concentration of a passive scalar. By using heat as such a scalar in a laboratory experiment of a turbulent boundary layer, the existence of the logarithmic scaling is shown here for the variance of fluctuations of the scalar concentration. It is reproduced by a model of energy-containing eddies that are attached to the wall., Comment: 7 pages, to appear in Physical Review E

Published
2017
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13. A boundary element analysis of space charge fields in a corona device

Author

Igarashi, H., Sakai, S., Nakamura, T., Morinaga, T., and Honma, T.

Subjects
Electric charge and distribution -- Analysis, Corona (Electricity) -- Research, Boundary value problems -- Numerical solutions, Business, Electronics, Electronics and electrical industries
Abstract

This paper describes a boundary element analysis of space charge fields in a corona device which is used to electrify a photoconductor drum and papers in electrophotographical processes. The space charge fields are governed by the Poisson equation and the equation of current continuity. In this paper, the combination of the boundary element method with the method of characteristics (MOC) provides a self-consistent solution to the above equations. Moreover, the charge density on the discharge wire, which controls the current emitted from the wire, is determined from Peek's empirical law in order to obtain the current-voltage characteristics of the corona device. The numerical results are shown to agree well with the experimental results.

Published
1993

16. Simultaneous FPI and TMA measurements of the lower thermospheric wind in the vicinity of the poleward expanding aurora after substorm onset

Author

Oyama, S.-i. (Shin-ichiro), Kubota, K. (Ken), Morinaga, T. (Takatoshi), Tsuda, T. T. (Takuo T.), Kurihara, J. (Junichi), Larsen, M. F. (Miguel F.), Yamamoto, M. (Masayuki), and Cai, L. (Lei)

Abstract

Lower thermospheric wind fluctuations in the vicinity of an auroral arc immediately before and after a substorm onset were examined by analyzing data from a ground‐based green line Fabry‐Perot interferometer (FPI; optical wavelength of 557.7 nm) at Tromsø, Norway, and in situ measurements from a trimethyl aluminum (TMA) trail released from a sounding rocket launched during the Dynamics and Energetics of the Lower Thermosphere in Aurora 2 (DELTA‐2) campaign on 26 January 2009. Soon after the rocket launch but before disappearance of the TMA trail, a substorm onset occurred. The DELTA‐2 TMA experiment appears to be the first case in which the substorm onset occurred during the TMA wind measurement. It is known that energy dissipation induced by the ionospheric closure current is compacted at the poleward side of the discrete arc in the ionospheric morning cell. Both FPI and TMA measurements were made at the poleward side, but the FPI measured winds nearer to the poleward edge of the arc than the TMA by 110–130 km. The FPI winds at distance of 53–74 km relative to the arc edge showed clear fluctuations immediately after the substorm onset, but there was no obvious similar fluctuation in the TMA‐measured winds. The difference in the response at the two locations suggests that energy dissipation sufficient to be detected as the FPI/TMA wind perturbations was confined to the area from the poleward edge of the arc to a relative distance shorter than 163–203 km but longer than 53–74 km in this event.

Published
2017

38. Measurement of Two Solvation Regimes in Water-Ethanol Mixtures Using X-Ray Compton Scattering

Author

Juurinen, I., primary, Nakahara, K., additional, Ando, N., additional, Nishiumi, T., additional, Seta, H., additional, Yoshida, N., additional, Morinaga, T., additional, Itou, M., additional, Ninomiya, T., additional, Sakurai, Y., additional, Salonen, E., additional, Nordlund, K., additional, Hämäläinen, K., additional, and Hakala, M., additional

Published
2011
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40. Tumor necrosis factor alpha stimulates osteoclast differentiation by a mechanism independent of the ODF/RANKL-RANK interaction.

Author

Kobayashi, K, Takahashi, N, Jimi, E, Udagawa, N, Takami, M, Kotake, S, Nakagawa, N, Kinosaki, M, Yamaguchi, K, Shima, N, Yasuda, H, Morinaga, T, Higashio, K, Martin, TJ, Suda, T, Kobayashi, K, Takahashi, N, Jimi, E, Udagawa, N, Takami, M, Kotake, S, Nakagawa, N, Kinosaki, M, Yamaguchi, K, Shima, N, Yasuda, H, Morinaga, T, Higashio, K, Martin, TJ, and Suda, T

Abstract

Osteoclast differentiation factor (ODF, also called RANKL/TRANCE/OPGL) stimulates the differentiation of osteoclast progenitors of the monocyte/macrophage lineage into osteoclasts in the presence of macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF, also called CSF-1). When mouse bone marrow cells were cultured with M-CSF, M-CSF-dependent bone marrow macrophages (M-BMM phi) appeared within 3 d. Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive osteoclasts were also formed when M-BMM phi were further cultured for 3 d with mouse tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) in the presence of M-CSF. Osteoclast formation induced by TNF-alpha was inhibited by the addition of respective antibodies against TNF receptor 1 (TNFR1) or TNFR2, but not by osteoclastogenesis inhibitory factor (OCIF, also called OPG, a decoy receptor of ODF/RANKL), nor the Fab fragment of anti-RANK (ODF/RANKL receptor) antibody. Experiments using M-BMM phi prepared from TNFR1- or TNFR2-deficient mice showed that both TNFR1- and TNFR2-induced signals were important for osteoclast formation induced by TNF-alpha. Osteoclasts induced by TNF-alpha formed resorption pits on dentine slices only in the presence of IL-1alpha. These results demonstrate that TNF-alpha stimulates osteoclast differentiation in the presence of M-CSF through a mechanism independent of the ODF/RANKL-RANK system. TNF-alpha together with IL-1alpha may play an important role in bone resorption of inflammatory bone diseases.

Published
2000

50. Biocontrol of Phytophthora infestans, Fungal Pathogen of Seedling Damping Off Disease in Economic Plant Nursery.

Author

Loliam, B., Morinaga, T., and Chaiyanan, S.

Subjects
*PHYSIOLOGICAL control systems, *PHYTOPHTHORA infestans, *PATHOGENIC fungi, *DISEASE resistance of plants, *ACTINOMYCETALES, *STREPTOMYCES, *PLANT growth, SEEDLING diseases & pests
Abstract

This research aims to control Seedling damping off disease in plants by using antagonistic actinomycetes against the causative fungi. Phytophthora infestans was isolated from the infected tomato plant seedling obtained from an economic plant nursery in Amphoe Pak Chong, Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Thailand. The chitinolytic Streptomyces rubrolavendulae S4, isolated from termite mounds at the grove of Amphoe Si-Sawat, Kanchanaburi Province, Thailand, was proven to be the most effective growth inhibition of fungal pathogens tested on potato dextrose agar. Tomato and chili seedlings that colonized with antagonistic S. rubrolavendulae S4 were grown in P. infestans artificial inoculated peat moss. Percents of noninfested seedling in fungal contaminated peat moss were compared to the controls with uninoculated peat moss. In P. infestans contaminated peat moss, the percents of survival of tomato and chili seedling were significantly increased (P < 0.05) from 51.42 to 88.57 and 34.10 to 76.71 for the S. rubrolavendulae S4 treatment, respectively. The S. rubrolavendulae S4 also showed high efficiency equivalent to fungicide, metalaxyl with no significant difference (P > 0.05). It was clearly demonstrated that S. rubrolavendulae S4 can prevent the tomato and chili seedling damping off disease in economic plant nurseries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2012
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