6 results on '"Motaung KS"'
Search Results
2. The influence of friedelin, resinone, tingenone and betulin of compounds on chondrogenic differentiation of porcine adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (pADMSCs).
- Author
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Razwinani M and Motaung KS
- Subjects
- Animals, Cell Differentiation, Cells, Cultured, Chondrocytes metabolism, Collagen Type II genetics, DNA metabolism, Swine, Triterpenes, Chondrogenesis genetics, Mesenchymal Stem Cells metabolism
- Abstract
The study investigated the influence of friedelin, resinone, tingenone and betulin plant-based secondary metabolite compounds on cellular proliferation, extracellular matrix (ECM) components synthesis, expression of chondrogenic markers and maturation of differentiated chondrocytes (cell proliferation and hypertrophy) in porcine adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (pADMSCs) undergoing chondrogenic differentiation. The MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) and Cyquant assays were used to determine cell proliferation, viability, and total cellular DNA, DMMB (Dimethyl methylene blue) was used for glycosaminoglycan (GAG) synthesis, RT-qPCR for gene expression and histology combined with immunohistochemistry for cartilage ECM proteoglycan deposition. The MTT results showed that friedelin at 37 μM, resinone at 36 μM and betulin at 18 μM with cell viability of above 100% compared to control. Tingenone at 37 μM showed cell viability of about 76%. These concentrations were considered the most effective with no toxicity effect on the cells and were further analysed with TGF-β3 (10 ng/mL) as a positive control. The results showed a high synthesis of DNA with friedelin on day 14. There was up-regulation of SOX 9, Col II and Col X with friedelin and resinone at day 14 with the significance of p < 0.01. Pellet from friedelin, resinone and tingenone showed more staining of the matrix for Safranin-O and Toluidine blue at day 14. Immunohistostaining of collagen type X (COL-10) showed more stain intensity at friedelin and resinone on day 21. These results provided new knowledge on the potential use of natural isolated secondary metabolites compounds as inducers for chondrogenic and bone differentiation., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2022. Published by Elsevier B.V.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. COVID-19 and its effects on endothelium in HIV-positive patients in sub-Saharan Africa: Cardiometabolic risk, thrombosis and vascular function (ENDOCOVID STUDY).
- Author
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Goswami N, Fredriksen PM, Lundin KEA, Agu C, Elias SO, Motaung KS, Brix B, Cvirn G, Sourij H, Stelzl E, Kessler HH, Saloň A, and Nkeh-Chungag B
- Subjects
- Aftercare, Carotid Intima-Media Thickness, Endothelium, Vascular, Humans, Patient Discharge, Risk Factors, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Cardiovascular Diseases epidemiology, HIV Infections complications, Thrombosis
- Abstract
Background: COVID-19 has affected almost every country in the world, especially in terms of health system capacity and economic burden. People from sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) often face interaction between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and non-communicable diseases such as cardiovascular disease. Role of HIV infection and anti-retroviral treatment (ART) in altered cardiovascular risk is questionable and there is still need to further carry out research in this field. However, thus far it is unclear, what impact the COVID-19 co-infection in people living with HIV (PLHIV), with or without therapy will have. The ENDOCOVID project aims to investigate whether and how HIV-infection in COVID-19 patients modulates the time course of the disease, alters cardiovascular risk, and changes vascular endothelial function and coagulation parameters/ thrombosis risk., Methods: A total of 1026 patients will be included into this study. Cardiovascular research PLHIV with (n = 114 in each of the three recruiting centers) - or without - ART (n = 114 in each of the three recruiting centers) with COVID-19 and HIV-negative with COVID-19 (n = 114 in each of the three recruiting centers) will be carried out via clinical and biochemical measurements for cardiovascular risk factors and biomarkers of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Vascular and endothelial function will be measured by brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation (FMD), carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) assessments, and retinal blood vessel analyses, along with vascular endothelial biomarkers and cogualation markers. The correlation between HIV-infection in COVID-19 PLHIV with or without ART and its role in enhancement of cardiovascular risk and endothelial dysfunction will be assessed at admission, weekly, at discharge and, 4 weeks post-discharge (if possible)., Impact of Project: The ENDOCOVID project aims to evaluate in the long-term the cardiovascular risk and vascular endothelial function in PLHIV thus revealing an important transitional cardiovascular phenotype in COVID-19. The study was registered under clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04709302)., (© 2021. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2021
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- View/download PDF
4. The Potential Chondrogenic Effect of Eucomis autumnalis Aqueous Extracts on Porcine Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells.
- Author
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Maepa M, Ssemakalu CC, and Motaung KS
- Subjects
- Animals, Biomarkers metabolism, Cartilage drug effects, Cartilage metabolism, Cell Shape drug effects, Chondroitin Sulfates metabolism, Gene Expression Regulation drug effects, Mesenchymal Stem Cells drug effects, Reproducibility of Results, Swine, Adipose Tissue cytology, Asparagaceae chemistry, Chondrogenesis drug effects, Mesenchymal Stem Cells cytology, Plant Extracts pharmacology, Water chemistry
- Abstract
Impact Statement: Eucomis autumnalis is one plant that is used by various traditional healers to alleviate the signs and symptoms associated with osteoarthritis. Although the exact mechanisms remain unknown, we hypothesized that this plant can induce chondrogenesis. In this work, we explored the potential for an aqueous crude extract from E. autumnalis to induce chondrogenesis in porcine adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The results reported in our article indicate that the aqueous crude extract from E. autumnalis was able to indeed induce chondrogenesis. Our research is relevant to communities that rely on plant-based remedies for their well-being.
- Published
- 2019
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5. The Effect of Solar Irradiated Vibrio cholerae on the Secretion of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines and Chemokines by the JAWS II Dendritic Cell Line In Vitro.
- Author
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Ssemakalu CC, Ubomba-Jaswa E, Motaung KS, and Pillay M
- Subjects
- Animals, Cells, Cultured, Chemokines radiation effects, Cholera complications, Cholera immunology, Cholera metabolism, Cholera microbiology, Cytokines radiation effects, Dendritic Cells cytology, Dendritic Cells microbiology, Dendritic Cells radiation effects, Disinfection methods, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Humans, In Vitro Techniques, Inflammation etiology, Inflammation metabolism, Inflammation Mediators metabolism, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Knockout, Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 physiology, Vibrio cholerae growth & development, Vibrio cholerae radiation effects, Chemokines metabolism, Cytokines metabolism, Dendritic Cells metabolism, Inflammation pathology, Solar Energy, Sunlight, Vibrio cholerae immunology
- Abstract
The use of solar irradiation to sterilize water prior to its consumption has resulted in the reduction of water related illnesses in waterborne disease endemic communities worldwide. Currently, research on solar water disinfection (SODIS) has been directed towards understanding the underlying mechanisms through which solar irradiation inactivates the culturability of microorganisms in water, enhancement of the disinfection process, and the health impact of SODIS water consumption. However, the immunological consequences of SODIS water consumption have not been explored. In this study, we investigated the effect that solar irradiated V. cholerae may have had on the secretion of cytokines and chemokines by the JAWS II dendritic cell line in vitro. The JAWS II dendritic cell line was stimulated with the different strains of V. cholerae that had been: (i) prepared in PBS, (ii) inactivated through a combination of heat and chemical, (iii) solar irradiated, and (iv) non-solar irradiated, in bottled water. As controls, LPS (1 μg/ml) and CTB (1 μg/ml) were used as stimulants. After 48 hours of stimulation the tissue culture media from each treatment was qualitatively and quantitatively analysed for the presence of IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-7, IL-10, IL-12p40, IL-12p70, IL-15, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, MIP-2, RANTES, TNF-α, IL-23 and IL-27. Results showed that solar irradiated cultures of V. cholerae induced dendritic cells to secrete significant (p<0.05) levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in comparison to the unstimulated dendritic cells. Furthermore, the amount of pro-inflammatory cytokines secreted by the dendritic cells in response to solar irradiated cultures of V. cholerae was not as high as observed in treatments involving non-solar irradiated cultures of V. cholerae or LPS. Our results suggest that solar irradiated microorganisms are capable of inducing the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. This novel finding is key towards understanding the possible immunological consequences of consuming SODIS treated water.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
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6. Influence of solar water disinfection on immunity against cholera - a review.
- Author
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Ssemakalu CC, Ubomba-Jaswa E, Motaung KS, and Pillay M
- Subjects
- Cholera microbiology, Disinfection standards, Humans, Cholera prevention & control, Disinfection methods, Drinking Water microbiology, Immunity, Mucosal, Sunlight, Vibrio cholerae radiation effects
- Abstract
Cholera remains a problem in developing countries. This is attributed to the unavailability of proper water treatment, sanitary infrastructure and poor hygiene. As a consequence, countries facing cholera outbreaks rely on interventions such as the use of oral rehydration therapy and antibiotics to save lives. In addition to vaccination, the provision of chlorine tablets and hygiene sensitization drives have been used to prevent new cholera infections. The implementation of these interventions remains a challenge due to constraints associated with the cost, ease of use and technical knowhow. These challenges have been reduced through the use of solar water disinfection (SODIS). The success of SODIS in mitigating the risk associated with the consumption of waterborne pathogens has been associated with solar irradiation. This has prompted a lot of focus on the solar component for enhanced disinfection. However, the role played by the host immune system following the consumption of solar-irradiated water pathogens has not received any significant attention. The mode of inactivation resulting from the exposure of microbiologically contaminated water results in immunologically important microbial states as well as components. In this review, the possible influence that solar water disinfection may have on the immunity against cholera is discussed.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
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