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The Food Acquisition Program (PAA) is a public policy that uses the federal government's purchasing power to promote the strengthening of family farming and combat food and nutritional insecurity in Brazil. This text presents an analysis of PAA acquisitions in the period from 2011 to 2019 to discuss the program's contributions to food and nutritional security (SAN) and debate its future perspectives. It was found that the program acquired a wide variety of products, including food and seeds, with 1,211 different items purchased in the period. Among the foods purchased, there was a predominance of fresh and minimally processed classes, which together accounted for 97.1% of purchases. The Purchase with simultaneous donation modality was responsible for most of the purchases (57.5% of the quantity and 93% of the variety) and its purchases were mainly represented by the groups of fruits and vegetables. The results indicated that the food purchased by the PAA is in accordance with the guidelines of the Food guide for the brazilian population for an adequate and healthy diet, contributing not only to the health and food safety of its direct beneficiaries, but also to the promotion of a more sustainable food system. However, there was a drastic reduction in the amounts invested in purchases over the period analyzed, which could compromise the program's ability to generate these benefits. In addition, there have been recent changes in legislation in this public policy, which, in addition to changing the name of the program, left out some important points contained in its previous regulations. Therefore, to ensure continuity of its benefits, it is recommended that all the specificities contained in the previous regulations be rescued in the new legislation and, mainly, that more resources be made available again for the purchases of the program.

The Food Acquisition Program (PAA) was established in 2003 in the context of the political agenda that was characterized by the fight against hunger, which later resulted in the institutionalization of the National System of Food and Nutrition Security (Sisan) in 2006, and the National Policy on Food and Nutrition Security (PNSAN) in 2010. The objective of this work was to analyze the PAA in the Purchase with Simultaneous Donation Mode, elaborate the logical model to explain the underlying theory of this purchasing modality and carrying out a review of the results obtained in the studies already carried out on it. This study based on documentary content analysis using the ATLAS.ti program and a systematic literature review. The model elaborated allowed to synthesize the basic references of the Program, including the problems, objectives, interventions and intermediate and final results. The PAA is as a Structural Program within the PNSAN, because, besides fighting hunger directly, by donating food, its main objective is to use the purchasing power of the government to foster family agriculture, which would generate positive impacts on the productive matrix, promoting the sustainability of the agri-food system and inclusive rural development. In general, the results of the studies already carried out corroborate the hypotheses on which the Program based, indicating benefits to the farmers, their production and family quality of life, as well as the strengthening of cooperatives and associations of producers and entities receiving the products, thus contributing to the food security of the beneficiary suppliers and consumers. These studies also pointed out some difficulties that indicate the need for improvements in its operationalization. There has also been a reduction in the resources invested in the program in recent years.

Since 2003, in Brazil, the agroecological perspective has been present in punctual public policies of the federal government. In 2012, with a convergent action of the agroecological movement and the organic production, the National Policy for Agroecology and Organic Production was created. This article presents a reconstruction of the process, while highlighting involved actors, as well as their demands and interests, ideas, and main forums. Despite its limitations and conflicts, the Pnapo is a benchmark and a political achievement, having insured the agroecological agenda in the public policies inter-related to rural development, food sovereignty, and the human right to adequate food. Resumen Desde 2003, en Brasil, la perspectiva agroecológica ha estado presente en políticas puntuales del Gobierno federal. En 2012, con una acción convergente de movimientos agroecológicos y dirigidos hacia la producción orgánica, fue creada la Política Nacional de Agroecología y Producción Orgánica. Este artículo reconstruye dicho proceso, y destaca los lugares de los actores envueltos, al igual que sus demandas e intereses, ideas y foros principales. A pesar de sus limitaciones y conflictos, la Pnapo es un punto de referencia y un logro político, toda vez que ha asegurado la agenda ecológica en las políticas públicas inter-relacionadas con el desarrollo rural, la soberanía del alimento, y el derecho humano a la comida adecuada.

The National Policy for Agroecology and Organic Production (Pnapo) was created in 2012 to integrate, articulate and adjust the existing public policies concerning sustainable production of chemical-contaminant-free products. The referred policy combines rural development, conservation of natural resources and valorization of traditional communities' knowledge. This article presents part of the results of an ongoing study about Pnapo. It analyses the constructive process of the program according to representatives of social and governmental institutions that manage this policy. In order to collect the historical background of Pnapo, main participants of the policy building were interviewed. The results of this research show that agroecology and organic production programs were slowly structured inside the government through pressure of organized groups in society. Another relevant factor to this development was the growth in social involvement in councils and commissions. Regarding Pnapo's conception, it was observed that dialogue spaces provided by the National Commission for Agroecology and Organic Production (Cnapo) (composed by representatives from the government and from civil society) and the Interministerial Chamber of Agroecology and Organic Production (Ciapo) (composed by representatives from the ministries that participates in the policy), have provided participative construction between government and society and stimulated an interministerial approach inside government. The main challenges are to improve the intersectional management of the program and to enforce the importance of Pnapo inside the government. It is concluded that the continuance of this policy will depend heavily on the society's acknowledgement of its importance, demanding from the government its maintenance and the enlargement of already acquired spaces.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2018-09-04T19:47:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Iracema Ferreira de Moura.pdf: 2444921 bytes, checksum: c61a9f7139de37ce4cebdd0c9158f2bd (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-04T19:47:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Iracema Ferreira de Moura.pdf: 2444921 bytes, checksum: c61a9f7139de37ce4cebdd0c9158f2bd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-04-29 In the context of the agrifood system and the Brazilian political situation, since 2003 agroecology is a contemporary approach inserted into the construction of public policies and interrelated to rural development, food sovereignty and Human Right to Adequate Food. Under this perspective, the general objective of this thesis is to comprehend how agroecology entered the governmental agenda and the formulation process of the National Policy on Agroecology and Organic Production (PNAPO) and the National Plan for Agroecology and Organic Production (PLANAPO). The specific objectives are: comprehend the influence of the institutional and political context in the building of the agenda; identify the historical background and agroecology founding aspects at the brazilian public policies after 1985; identify the main governmental decision-makers, actors and civil society groups who acted on the construction of PNAPO and PLANAPO; understand how the junction of the problems flows and alternatives was made to originate the Policy.The theoretical framework employed comprises the Gramscian concept of Estate, analysis of the neo-institutionalist public policies and of the public policy cycle, taking into consideration the referential of agrifood system, food issues and rural development. Two theoretical models were used as analytical references on the policy process, specifically for the governmental agenda definition (agenda setting) and the formulation phase: the Multiple Stream Model from Kingdom, and the Punctuated Equilibrium Model from Frank Baumgartner and Brian Jones. The results of the desk research of relevant literature, secondary sources and semi-structured interviews revealed that the agroecological approach gained space in some public policies since 2003. The convergent actions from the agroecological and organic movements, especially peasant and rural women organizations, together with the favorable political moment, were fundamental factors for the entrance at the governmental agenda and the formulation of PNAPO and PLANAPO. The transformation process of the governmental agenda into public policy occurred by means of open and transparent dialogue between civil society representatives and the federal government, in a political and historical context of a government that created dialogue mechanisms with society and opened up for agendas that were not accepted before. Apart from the limitations, conflicts and constraints, PNAPO and PLANAPO have the great merit of being the affirmation of an agenda that counteracts the agribusiness. They constitute a mark and a political achievement and put the agroecological agenda in another level at the public policies. However, the agroecological approach is not yet consolidated as a federal government strategic and central policy that sustains the transformations of the agrifood system and of the rural development aiming food sovereignty and the Human Right to Adequate Food. A agroecologia constitui-se em um enfoque contempor?neo inserido na constru??o de pol?ticas p?blicas interrelacionado ao desenvolvimento rural, soberania alimentar e Direito Humano ? Alimenta??o Adequada (DHAA), no contexto do sistema agroalimentar e da conjuntura pol?tica brasileira a partir de 2003. Nessa perspectiva, o objetivo geral desta Tese consiste em compreender como ocorreu a entrada da agroecologia na agenda governamental e o processo de formula??o da Pol?tica Nacional de Agroecologia e Produ??o Org?nica (PNAPO) e do Plano Nacional de Agroecologia e Produ??o Org?nica (PLANAPO). Os objetivos espec?ficos s?o: compreender a influ?ncia do contexto pol?tico e institucional para a forma??o da agenda; identificar os antecedentes hist?ricos e os aspectos fundantes da agroecologia nas pol?ticas p?blicas brasileiras ap?s 1985; identificar os principais decisores governamentais, atores e grupos da sociedade civil atuantes na constru??o da PNAPO e do PLANAPO; compreender como foi feita a jun??o dos fluxos de problemas e alternativas que deram origem ? Pol?tica. O marco te?rico utilizado engloba o conceito gramsciano de Estado, an?lise de pol?ticas p?blicas neoinstitucionalista e do ciclo da pol?tica p?blica, acrescidos do referencial de sistema agroalimentar, quest?o alimentar e desenvolvimento rural. Utiliza-se como refer?ncia anal?tica sobre processo de pol?ticas p?blicas (policy process), especificamente para a defini??o de agenda governamental (agenda-setting) e a etapa de formula??o, dois modelos te?ricos: o Modelo de Correntes M?ltiplas (Multiple Stream Model) de Kingdon e do Equil?brio Pontuado (Ponctuated Equilibrium Model) de Frank Baumgartner e Brian Jones. Os resultados da pesquisa documental, fontes secund?rias e entrevistas semiestruturadas evidenciaram que o enfoque agroecol?gico ganha espa?o em algumas pol?ticas p?blicas a partir de 2003. A atua??o convergente do movimento agroecol?gico e org?nico, com destaque para as organiza??es das mulheres trabalhadoras rurais e camponesas, aliada a um momento pol?tico favor?vel, foi fator fundamental para a entrada na agenda governamental e a formula??o da PNAPO e do PLANAPO. O processo de transforma??o da agenda governamental em pol?tica p?blica aconteceu por meio de um di?logo aberto e transparente entre os representantes da sociedade civil e do governo federal em um contexto pol?tico-hist?rico de um governo que criou mecanismos de di?logo com a sociedade e que se abriu para pautas antes n?o acolhidas. Apesar das limita??es, conflitos e lacunas, a PNAPO e o PLANAPO t?m o grande m?rito de serem a afirma??o de uma agenda que se contrap?e ao agroneg?cio. Constitui-se em marco e conquista pol?tica e colocou a agenda da agroecologia nas pol?ticas p?blicas em outro patamar. Entretanto, o enfoque agroecol?gico ainda n?o se consolidou como uma pol?tica estrat?gica e central do governo federal que sustente as transforma??es do sistema agroalimentar e do desenvolvimento, com vista ? garantia do DHAA e da soberania alimentar.