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This article discusses a rare inherited bleeding disorder called combined deficiency of factor V and factor VIII (F5F8D). The disorder is characterized by mild to moderate bleeding symptoms and poses a challenge for high-risk surgeries due to the risk of bleeding. The article presents a case study of a patient with F5F8D who underwent successful hip arthroplasty after therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) and FVIII concentrate. The patient experienced minimal bleeding and achieved a smooth recovery, demonstrating that with appropriate replacement therapy, F5F8D patients can undergo high-risk bleeding surgeries. [Extracted from the article]

Introduction: Little is known about the clinical characteristics of von Willebrand disease (VWD) patients in China, the impact of Covid‐19 on them and their genetic mutation. Aim: To describe the clinical characteristics of a group of VWD patients in China, the impact of Covid‐19 on them and their genetic mutation. Methods: An online survey using a self‐designed questionnaire was conducted among patients within a WeChat group of VWD patients in China. Data were analysed using t‐test, the Chi‐square test, Fisher's exact test and rank sum test. Results: Data from a total of 96 patients were collected. Several important findings are yielded. Above all, type 3 patients accounted for over half of the surveyed patients. Secondly, a surprising rate (>40%) of patients had experience of being misdiagnosed. Thirdly, treatment regimens were dominated by cryoprecipitate, blood‐derived FVIII and plasma, and only a small percentage of patients received prophylaxis. Fourthly, we identified 17 new von Willebrand factor (VWF) mutant genes which merit further investigation. Additionally, Covid‐19 was found to pose some challenges for the patients. Conclusion: In China, the high rates of type 3 patients and misdiagnosis suggest that most of the VWD patients may never be diagnosed in China. When it comes to diagnosis and treatment, there is a large gap between developing countries like China and developed countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The sediment transport capacity plays a pivotal role in erosion research, and is usually predicted using hydraulic variables. The transport capacity and hydraulic variables are affected by vegetation cover. Our understanding of the effect of vegetation cover, including the size, density, and arrangement of vegetation stems, on the relationship between the sediment transport capacity and hydraulic variables were rather limited. The objectives of this study were to investigate the effect vegetation stem cover on the relationship between hydraulic variables and the sediment transport capacity and to derive an equation for predicting the sediment transport capacity in the presence of vegetation cover. Five data sets from 288 flume experiments with a wide range of discharge (0.25–2 × 10−3 m3 s−1), slope (8.8–42.3%), median sediment diameter (0.11–1.16 × 10−3 m), stem cover (0–30%), stem diameter (2–36 mm), and stem arrangement (bead, tessellation, zigzag, random, and banding) were compiled for this study. Extensive regression analysis has shown that the sediment transport capacity could be expressed as a power function of flow velocity, shear stress, stream power, or unit stream power. Predictors of the sediment transport capacity were ranked from the unit stream power as the strongest, followed by the stream power, flow velocity, and the shear stress. Vegetation stem cover had no apparent and direct effect on the relationship between hydraulic variables and the sediment transport capacity so long as the unit stream power or stream power was used as its predictor. Vegetation cover became a significant factor only when the shear stress was used to predict the sediment transport capacity. Finally, a new equation involving the slope gradient, flow velocity, and median sediment diameter in a nondimensional form was shown to be a superior predictor of the sediment transport capacity with the Nash–Sutcliffe coefficient of efficiency of 0.92. The product of slope and flow velocity, that is, the unit stream power, captures the effect of vegetation stem cover and surface roughness and was shown to be an effective predictor of the transport capacity in the presence of vegetation cover. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vegetation effectively prevents soil erosion; however, little information is available on the effects of plant stems on sediment transport capacity. The purposes of this study were to investigate the effects of plant stem arrangement patterns on sediment transport capacity and to quantify this relationship. Artificial plant stems (stem diameter, 0.01 m) were arranged in five patterns: tessellated, random, bead, zigzag, and banding. Two discharges, two slope gradients, and two plant basal cover conditions were used to conduct flume experiments. Results revealed that plant stem arrangement affected flow regime, hydraulic parameters, hydrological connectivity, and sediment transport capacity. The structural index of connectivity (i.e., the index of sediment connectivity) and the functional index of connectivity (i.e., flow velocity) were used to quantify the effects of plant stem arrangement on sediment transport capacity. The latter exhibited a significant linear function with hydraulic parameters, including flow velocity (p <.05). Unit stream power had the greatest adjusted R2 value and provided the best estimation of sediment transport capacity. Plant stem arrangement did not affect the relationship between sediment transport capacity and hydraulic parameters. These results are helpful and will enhance our predictions of different plant stem arrangement effects on sediment transport capacity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]