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1. A Deep Learning-based Framework for the Detection of Schools of Herring in Echograms

Author

Rezvanifar, Alireza, Marques, Tunai Porto, Cote, Melissa, Albu, Alexandra Branzan, Slonimer, Alex, Tolhurst, Thomas, Ersahin, Kaan, Mudge, Todd, and Gauthier, Stephane

Subjects
Computer Science - Machine Learning, Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Image and Video Processing, Statistics - Machine Learning
Abstract

Tracking the abundance of underwater species is crucial for understanding the effects of climate change on marine ecosystems. Biologists typically monitor underwater sites with echosounders and visualize data as 2D images (echograms); they interpret these data manually or semi-automatically, which is time-consuming and prone to inconsistencies. This paper proposes a deep learning framework for the automatic detection of schools of herring from echograms. Experiments demonstrated that our approach outperforms a traditional machine learning algorithm using hand-crafted features. Our framework could easily be expanded to detect more species of interest to sustainable fisheries., Comment: Accepted to NeurIPS 2019 workshop on Tackling Climate Change with Machine Learning, Vancouver, Canada

Published
2019

7. Circulation and Thermohaline Variability of the Hanna Shoal Region on the Northeastern Chukchi Sea Shelf

Author

Fang, Ying-Chih, Weingartner, Thomas J., Dobbins, Elizabeth L., Winsor, Peter, Statscewich, Hank, Potter, Rachel A., Mudge, Todd D., Stoudt, Chase A., and Borg, Keath

Abstract

We analyzed velocity and hydrographic data from 23 moorings in the northeast Chukchi Sea from 2011 to 2014. In most years the eastern side of Hanna Shoal was strongly stratified year-round, while weakly stratified regions prevailed on the shelf south and west of the Shoal. Stratification differences cause differential vertical mixing rates, which in conjunction with advection of different bottom water properties resulted in seasonally varying along-isobath density gradients. In agreement with numerical models, we find that bottom waters flow anticyclonically around the Shoal. Whereas most of the shelf responded barotropically to wind-forcing, there was a strong baroclinic component to the flow field northeast of Hanna Shoal, resulting in no net vertically integrated transport on average. In contrast there is a net eastward transport from west of the Shoal, which implies convergence north of the Shoal. Convergence and along-isobath density gradients may foster cross-shelf exchange north of Hanna Shoal. Modal analyses indicate that the shelf south of the Shoal and Barrow Canyon responded coherently to local and remote winds, whereas the wind-current response around Hanna Shoal was less coherent. Barotropic topographic waves, of ~3-day period, were generated episodically northeast of the Shoal and propagate clockwise around Hanna Shoal, but are blocked from entering Barrow Canyon and are possibly scattered by the horizontally sheared flow and converging isobaths on the western side of the Shoal. Analysis of water properties on the western side of Hanna Shoal suggests that these include contributions from the western and southern portions of the Chukchi Sea.

Published
2020
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11. Alliance for Coastal Technologies Workshop Proceedings: National Coastal Ecosystem Moorings Workshop. University of Washington 20-21 March 2018

Author

McManus, Margaret, Bailey, Kathleen, Send, Uwe, Burt, Richard, Newton, Jan, Schar, Daniel, Morrison, Ru, Doucette, Gregory, Allee, Rebecca, Berchok, Catherine, Buschang, Steve, Butler, Richard, Canonico Hyde, Gabrielle, Chavez, Francisco, Colbert, Steve, Crawford, Jim, Danielson, Seth, Dever, Edward Paul, Dorton, Jennifer, Esteves, Rene, Green, Rebecca, Grissom, Karen, Hall, Candice, Harvey, Chris, Janzen, Carol, McArthur, Shannon, Melzian, Brian, Mickett, John, Mudge, Todd, Muller-Karger, Frank, Netburn, Amanda, Nosal, Eva-Marie, O'Donnell, James, Quintrell, Josie, Ruberg, Steven, Sabine, Christopher, Tamburri, Mario, Todd, James, Verhamme, Ed, Walsh, Ian, and Wilson, William Douglas

Abstract

The Alliance for Coastal Technologies (ACT, www.act-us.info) convened the "National Coastal Ecosystem Moorings Workshop" in Seattle, Washington at the University of Washington on 20 and 21 March 2018. The primary objectives of this workshop were to: 1) Provide a synthesis of stakeholder information requirements, 2) Explore current and emerging sensors to meet those requirements, 3) Provide a summary of technical needs inclusive of power and telemetry, 4) Provide a summary of deployment logistics, operation and maintenance, 5) Identify tiers/options for ecosystem moorings configurations, dependent on the regions and costs, and to 6) Discuss integration (data management, communications, infrastructure) with other observing systems. The participants were from various sectors including research scientists, technology developers, industry providers, and technology users. U.S. IOOS Published Refereed Current

Published
2018

12. at School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.

Author

Ying-Chih Fang, Weingartner, Thomas J., Dobbins, Elizabeth L., Winsor, Peter, Statscewich, Hank, Potter, Rachel A., Mudge, Todd D., Stoudt, Chase A., and Borg, Keath

Subjects
EARTH sciences, MARINE sciences, STRATIGRAPHIC geology, BOTTOM water (Oceanography), HYDRAULICS
Abstract

We analyzed velocity and hydrographic data from 23 moorings in the northeast Chukchi Sea from 2011 to 2014. In most years the eastern side of Hanna Shoal was strongly stratified year-round, while weakly stratified regions prevailed on the shelf south and west of the Shoal. Stratification differences cause differential vertical mixing rates, which in conjunction with advection of different bottom water properties resulted in seasonally varying along-isobath density gradients. In agreement with numerical models, we find that bottom waters flow anticyclonically around the Shoal. Whereas most of the shelf responded barotropically to wind-forcing, there was a strong baroclinic component to the flow field northeast of Hanna Shoal, resulting in no net vertically integrated transport on average. In contrast there is a net eastward transport from west of the Shoal, which implies convergence north of the Shoal. Convergence and along-isobath density gradients may foster cross-shelf exchange north of Hanna Shoal. Modal analyses indicate that the shelf south of the Shoal and Barrow Canyon responded coherently to local and remote winds, whereas the wind-current response around Hanna Shoal was less coherent. Barotropic topographic waves, of ~3-day period, were generated episodically northeast of the Shoal and propagate clockwise around Hanna Shoal, but are blocked from entering Barrow Canyon and are possibly scattered by the horizontally sheared flow and converging isobaths on the western side of the Shoal. Analysis of water properties on the western side of Hanna Shoal suggests that these include contributions from the western and southern portions of the Chukchi Sea. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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