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Quasi‐two‐dimensional (Q‐2D) Ruddlesden‐Popper (RP) perovskites are rapidly developed for photoelectric device applications due to their unique multiple quantum‐well structures and adjustable photoelectric properties. Here, a three‐in‐one multifunctional photoelectric device that integrates photovoltaic (PV), electroluminescence (EL), and photodetection performance based on Q‐2D perovskite, which has not yet been reported, is explored and realized. As a solar cell (SC) mode under standard air mass 1.5G illumination, the optimal device has a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 10.36%; as a light emitting diode (LED) mode under forward bias, the optimal device emits red light at 753 nm and achieves an EL external quantum efficiency (EQEEL) of 0.42%; as a photodetector (PD) mode under a pulsed laser (660 nm), the optimal device exhibits superior weak‐light detection, with a linear dynamic range (LDR) improvement as wide as 161.8 dB, a high detectivity (D*) of 7.88 × 1012 Jones, a fast rise/fall time of 19.1/35.2 µs and excellent stability. This work is of great significance to enrich the physical connotation and comprehensively improve the use efficiency of the multifunctional device. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to better promote the preparation of multi-functional, high-efficiency and low-resistance air filtration materials by electrospinning technology, develop and prepare functional air filtration nanofiber films suitable for different scenarios, and promote the development of electrospinning industry, the recent research progress in the preparation of multi-functional nanofiber air filtration materials by electrospinning technology at home and abroad was reviewed. The multi-functional, high efficiency and low resistance air filter materials with antibacterial, comfortable moisture conduction, health care and anti-ultraviolet were introduced, and the research progress was reviewed, the shortcomings of existing research on multi-functional air filter materials were analyzed, and the application prospect and development direction were summarized and prospected. Compared with the traditional fiber filter, the multifunctional, high-efficiency and low-resistance air filter developed by electrospinning technology has the advantages of high production efficiency, wide application and easy function modification, and has a wide application prospect in the field of air filtration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research paper examines the data dependence of fixed point sets for pseudo-contractive multifunctions in partial metric spaces using the notion of $\mathcal{C}$-class functions. By building upon previous findings from the literature, this work sheds more light on some new perspectives as well as generalizations on this issue. To illustrate how the $\mathcal{C}$-class function can be applied to study the data dependence of fixed point sets for a certain pseudo-contractive multifunction, an illustrative example is given.

Highlights A multiscale hierarchical structure design, integrating wrinkled MXene radar-infrared shielding layer and flexible Fe3O4@C/PDMS microwave absorption layer The assembled stealth devices realize a near-perfect stealth capability in both X-band (8-12 GHz) and long-wave infrared (8-14 µm) wavelength ranges. The optimal device demonstrates exceptional curved surface conformability, self-cleaning capability (contact angle ≈ 129°), and abrasion resistance (recovery time ≈ 5 s).

This research paper examines the data dependence of fixed point sets for pseudo-contractive multifunctions in partial metric spaces using the notion of C -class functions. By building upon previous findings from the literature, this work sheds more light on some new perspectives as well as generalizations on this issue. To illustrate how the C -class function can be applied to study the data dependence of fixed point sets for a certain pseudo-contractive multifunction, an illustrative example is given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The in-memory computing (IMC) architecture implemented by non-volatile memory units shows great possibilities to break the traditional von Neumann bottleneck. In this paper, a 3D IMC architecture is proposed whose unit is based on a multi-bit content-addressable memory (MCAM). The MCAM unit is comprised of two 65 nm flash memory and two transistors (2Flash2T), which is reconfigurable and multifunctional for both data write/search and XNOR logic operation. Moreover, the MCAM array can also support the population count (POPCOUNT) operation, which can be beneficial for the training and inference process in binary neural network (BNN) computing. Based on the well-known MNIST dataset, the proposed 3D MCAM architecture shows a 98.63% recognition accuracy and a 300% noise-tolerant performance without significant accuracy deterioration. Our findings can provide the potential for developing highly energy-efficient BNN computing for complex artificial intelligence (AI) tasks based on flash-based MCAM units. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High‐performance, versatile epoxy resins (EPs) are used in a variety of fields, but the manufacture of transparent, fireproof, and strong EPs remains a major challenge. The hyperbranched, multifunctional flame retardant (DSi) is prepared by using diethanolamine, polyformaldehyde, diphenylphosphine oxide, and phenyltrimethoxysilane as raw materials in this work. When the additional amount of DSi is only 2 wt.%, the EP‐DSi2 sample reaches a vertical burning (UL‐94) V‐0, and its limiting oxygen index (LOI) is 32.8%. When the content of DSi is 3 wt.%, the peak heat release rate (PHRR) and total smoke production (TSP) of EP‐DSi samples are 43.8% and 21.4% lower than those of EP. The good compatibility of DSi and EP endows EP‐DSi with high transparency, and the hyperbranched structure of DSi makes EP‐DSi have obviously enhanced mechanical strength and toughness. The enhanced fire safety of EP‐DSi is mainly due to the promoting carbonization and radical quenching effects of DSi. This paper offers a comprehensive design concept aimed at creating high‐performance epoxy resins with good optical, mechanical, and flame‐retardant properties, which have broad application prospects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Organic room‐temperature phosphorescent (RTP) materials have garnered significant attention owing to their unique photophysical properties. Traditionally, the stabilization of triplet excitons in RTP materials necessitates a crystalline matrix or rigid polymer chain, which limits their use in flexible materials. In contrast, hydrogels offer biocompatibility, softness, and ease of processing. Therefore, incorporating phosphorescent molecules into hydrogel systems can expand the application potential of RTP materials. This concept summarizes recent advancements in RTP hydrogels, emphasizing their synthetic strategies and diverse applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The multifunctionality feature of graphene field-effect transistors (GFETs) is exploited here to design circuit building blocks of high-data-rate modulators by using a physics-based compact model. Educated device performance projections are obtained with the experimentally calibrated model and used to choose an appropriate improved feasible GFET for these applications. Phase-shift and frequency-shift keying (PSK and FSK) modulation schemes are obtained with 0.6   G Hz GFET-based multifunctional circuits used alternatively in different operation modes: inverting and in-phase amplification and frequency multiplication. An adequate baseband signal applied to the transistors' input also serves to enhance the device and circuit performance reproducibility since the impact of traps is diminished. Quadrature PSK is also achieved by combining two GFET-based multifunctional circuits. This device circuit co-design proposal intends to boost the heterogeneous implementation of graphene devices with incumbent technologies into a single chip: the baseband pulses can be generated with CMOS technology as a front end of line and the multifunctional GFET-based circuits as a back end of line. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights: A multiscale hierarchical structure design, integrating wrinkled MXene radar-infrared shielding layer and flexible Fe3O4@C/PDMS microwave absorption layer The assembled stealth devices realize a near-perfect stealth capability in both X-band (8-12 GHz) and long-wave infrared (8-14 µm) wavelength ranges. The optimal device demonstrates exceptional curved surface conformability, self-cleaning capability (contact angle ≈ 129°), and abrasion resistance (recovery time ≈ 5 s). Developing advanced stealth devices to cope with radar-infrared (IR) fusion detection and diverse application scenarios is increasingly demanded, which faces significant challenges due to conflicting microwave and IR cloaking mechanisms and functional integration limitations. Here, we propose a multiscale hierarchical structure design, integrating wrinkled MXene IR shielding layer and flexible Fe3O4@C/PDMS microwave absorption layer. The top wrinkled MXene layer induces the intensive diffuse reflection effect, shielding IR radiation signals while allowing microwave to pass through. Meanwhile, the permeable microwaves are assimilated into the bottom Fe3O4@C/PDMS layer via strong magneto-electric synergy. Through theoretical and experimental optimization, the assembled stealth devices realize a near-perfect stealth capability in both X-band (8–12 GHz) and long-wave infrared (8–14 µm) wavelength ranges. Specifically, it delivers a radar cross-section reduction of − 20 dB m2, a large apparent temperature modulation range (ΔT = 70 °C), and a low average IR emissivity of 0.35. Additionally, the optimal device demonstrates exceptional curved surface conformability, self-cleaning capability (contact angle ≈ 129°), and abrasion resistance (recovery time ≈ 5 s). This design strategy promotes the development of multispectral stealth technology and reinforces its applicability and durability in complex and hostile environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The selective detection of metal ion and organic solvent molecules is of high importance to the environmental protection. In this article, a new multifunction luminescent organic/inorganic hybrid material, named as {[ZnL2]·2H2O}n (1) (HL= 3-(pyrid-4-yl)-5-(4-carbonylphenyl)-1,2,4-triazolyl), has been synthesized by hydrothermal method. The investigation indicates that complex 1 can be employed as high selectively fluorescence sensor for selective sensing of ethanol, Fe3+ and pH in solution. The selective sensing of Fe3+ is realized by the quenching behavior, and the fluorescence changes of ethanol molecules depend on the luminescent enhancement process within 30 min, while fluorescence peaks of 1 also shift with different pH values in acid solution. The quenching effect and sensing properties of 1 has also been discussed in this article. A new multifunction luminescent metal-organic framework, {[ZnL2]·2H2O}n (1) has been synthesized for selective sensing of ethanol, metal ion Fe3+ and pH by using hydrothermal method. Interestingly, the luminescent intensity varies with different organic solvent molecules and the concentration of metal ion Fe3+ in solution. Metal ion Fe3+ shows the most quenching behavior, and ethanol molecules depend on the luminescent enhancement process, while fluorescence peaks also shift with different pH values in acid solution. Those results show that MOF 1 may be considered as a multifunction luminescent probe for the ethanol, metal ion Fe3+ and pH. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 1979, Popa [24] first introduced rarely continuous functions. In this paper, we introduce upper and lower rarely m-continuous multifunctions. Moreover, we extend this concept to a multifunction F: (X, τ, I) → (Y, σ), where (X, τ, I) is an ideal topologiccal space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper introduces a multifunctional vented needle that can be used as a venting needle for infusion bottles, as a convenient and pollution-free mouthwash straw, and as a drinking straw under limited conditions. The innovation of this design lies in the application of the three-way mode and the end-break design of the tube body, which is convenient for patients to use and not easily contaminated, reducing the risk of infection for patients. The design structure includes a needle body, a three-way tube, a filter, and a protective cap. This design has the characteristics of multiple functions, strong clinical practicality, and low cost. (排气针是临床常用工具, 其可作为漱口工具使用。本研究介绍一种多功能排气针, 既能作为输液瓶排气针, 又能作为漱口水吸管, 同时还可以在条件有限的情况下用作饮水吸管。本设计创新地应用了三通结构连接三条管路, 通过旋转调节旋钮, 实现排气、漱口、饮水三个功能, 不仅具有较高的安全性、多功能实用性, 而且简化了护理工作流程, 有助于提高临床工作效率。)

The rapid, energy‐efficient, scalable preparation of high‐strength, flexible, multifunctional nanostructured aerogels is highly desired yet challenging. Here, an ambient‐pressure‐dried (APD) strategy is developed involving self‐foaming, dip‐coating, and graphene oxide (GO)‐assisted multiple cross‐linking treatments for the prompt, large‐area preparation of polyurea/transition metal carbides/nitrides (MXenes) aerogels. The APD MXene‐based aerogels showcase low density, remarkable mechanical strength, and ultraflexiblity involving stretchability, good conductivity, hydrophobicity, and high resistance to various solvents. Synergies of robust, elastic cell walls and porous structure contribute to high‐efficiency absorption of high‐frequency, high‐speed mechanical shock waves for the aerogels, significantly transcendinging the biomasses, plastics, elastomers, ceramics, and metals. In addition to the excellent microwave shielding performance of over 40 dB in ultrabroadband frequencies of 4–40 GHz, the oxidation stability is elevated for APD MXene aerogels, consequently yielding applicability in harsh conditions. Furthermore, the superior light absorption capability of aerogels leads to the efficient photothermal conversion, therapy, antibacterial, desalination, water purification, deicing, and thick oil absorption. This work provides a facile, time‐ and energy‐efficient, scalable APD methodology for manufacturing large‐area, high‐strength, ultraflexible, multifunctional MXene‐based aerogels, enlighting a novel synergistic defense against mechanical shock and electromagnetic waves, and promoting them as a prospective candidate in aerospace, device protection, and next‐generation electronics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Developing natural cotton textiles in personal thermal management applications is of great significance for defending human against adverse climate conditions. However, the intrinsic low optical energy conservation of cotton in terms of human mid-infrared radiation and solar spectrum prevents it from realizing high-efficient thermal retention. Herein, by leveraging a facile technique involving polydopamine (PDA)-assisted ion deposition, we firmly embed silver nanoparticles onto cotton fibers, creating silver-nanoprocessed cotton fabrics (Ag-fabric) with high human mid-infrared reflectivity and superior water/wear resistance. Meanwhile, the localized surface plasmon resonance effect of the PDA and silver nanoparticles contributes to high solar spectrum absorptivity. The as-prepared Ag-fabric demonstrates nearly 2 °C higher temperature compared to unadorned cotton fabrics due to enhanced human mid-infrared radiation, and the outdoor tests show a temperature increase of average 8 °C when covering artificial skin. Moreover, the uniformly distributed silver nanoparticles on hierarchically assembled cotton fibers endow the Ag-fabric with desirable Joule heating performance (~ 40.7 °C at 1 V), self-cleaning capacity, and antibacterial properties, while maintaining breathability and comfort. These merits of the Ag-fabric present promising advantages to transfer natural cotton into commercially available thermal management wearables and eco-textiles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Porous composites possess distinctive structural features and performance advantages, making them promising for applications in various domains such as sensing, energy storage, and acoustics. A simple, efficient, and environmentally friendly method was employed to prepare porous polyurea materials, which were then modified with graphene nanosheets. The resulting graphene/polyurea porous composites demonstrated enhanced mechanical properties, with a 35.04% increase in tensile strength at a graphene content of 5 wt%. These composites exhibited exceptional multifunctionality, achieving a specific capacitance of 35.74 F/g when used as capacitor electrodes. Additionally, they displayed high sensitivity to resistance and capacitance changes under various mechanical loads, such as tensile, torsional, and bending stresses, with a resistance change rate of 57.72% under 180-degree torsion, highlighting their potential as resistive and capacitive sensors. Compared to traditional materials, the multifunctional composites maintained a resistance change rate below 40% and a capacitance retention rate above 95.07% after 10,000 cycles, underscoring their durability and reliability. Moreover, the developed graphene/polyurea porous composites exhibited good corrosion resistance and an impressive sound absorption rate of 30.68% for high-decibel noise, reducing environmental limitations for their applications. These properties position the composite as a durable, high-sensitivity, multifunctional material with significant potential in sensing, energy storage, and noise reduction applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) often evolves into chronic wounds that resist healing over an extended period, sometimes necessitating amputation in severe cases. Traditional wound management approaches generally fail to control these chronic sores successfully. Thus, it arouses a huge demand in clinic for a novel wound dressing to treat DFU effectively. Hydrogel as an ideal delivery system exhibits excellent loading capacity and sustainable release behavior. It also boasts tunable physical and chemical properties adaptable to diverse biomedical scenarios, making it a suitable material for fabricating functional wound dressings to treat DFU. The hydrogel dressings are classified into hemostatic, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory, and healing-promoting hydrogel dressings by associating the pathogenesis of DFU in this paper. The design and fabrication strategies for the dressings, as well as their therapeutic effects in treating DFU, are extensively reviewed. Additionally, this paper highlights future perspectives of multifunctional hydrogel dressings in DFU treatment. This review aims to provide valuable references for material scientists to design and develop hydrogel wound dressings with enhanced capabilities for DFU treatment, and to further translate them into the clinic in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of eco-friendly electroactive nanomaterials has attracted great attention in recent years. Here, a biogenic piezoelectric and fluorescent nanocomposite was designed and fabricated. Cellulose nanorods (CNRs) were first modified with polyethylenimine (PEI)-functionalized carbon dots (CDs) with dual-band green/yellow photoluminescence (PL). The CD-modified CNRs were incorporated into an electrospun poly-(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) nanofiber with a piezo-phase alignment. CDs with an amino-rich polymeric chain not only enhanced the crystallinity of the CNRs but also mediated flexible linking between the CNRs and PVA matrix, which facilitated a large-scale preferential alignment of the CNRs in the nanofibers. The piezoelectric output voltage of the composite was improved two times through introduction of the CDs. Furthermore, the inhomogeneous distribution of the dual-emissive CDs in the nanofiber endowed the composite film with a unique thickness-dependent fluorescent chromic behavior. An information encryption was also realized owing to the structural-sensitive fluorescence of the composite film, which showed the high potential of the multifunctional nanocomposite in various applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study proposes a dual-functional terahertz device based on the Dirac semimetal, serving as both a sensing element and a band-pass filter. The device's operating mode can switch between these two functions by utilizing the phase transition property of vanadium dioxide (VO2). When VO2 is in the insulating state, the device functions as a sensing element. The simulation results demonstrate an impressive refractive index sensitivity of 374.40 GHz/RIU (Refractive Index Unit). When VO2 is in the metallic state, the device functions as a band-pass filter, exhibiting a center frequency of 2.01 THz and a 3 dB fractional bandwidth of 0.91 THz. The integration of these dual functionalities within a single terahertz device enhances its utility in both sensing and filtering applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To satisfy the service requirements of wave-absorbing materials in harsh environments, it is important to design and manufacture corrosion-resistant composite-absorbing materials. According to the strategy of impedance matching and the dissipation behaviour of nickel-based alloys, AlN ceramics, and MAX-phase Ti 3 SiC 2 multicomponent composite-regulated materials were studied. As an additive manufacturing technology, multilevel heterointerface composites with core–shell structures were obtained by laser cladding. The construction of a unique core–shell structure of a metal–ceramic and ceramic (core)–ceramic (shell) multi-level heterogeneous interface increased the interfacial relaxation and multiple dissipation and improved the impedance matching. The results enabled the N20M3 cladding coating to exhibit excellent microwave absorption characteristics, with a reflection loss of −32.84 dB at the ultra-thin thickness of 1.8 mm. Additionally, the composites exhibited excellent corrosion resistance, high hardness, and relatively good resistance to erosion wear. This work promotes the durability of wave-absorbing materials under severe conditions, as well as the integration of the efficient manufacturing of wave-absorbing materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multifunctional integration is the basic feature of artificial superhydrophobic coatings widely used in many fields. This paper presents a simple and economical experimental method to prepare a super hydrophobic coating with super strong corrosion resistance by spraying a mixed solution composed of epoxy resin (EP) as the base, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), sericite (SER), nano-zinc oxide (ZnO) and octadecyl trimethoxysilane (ODTMS) on an aluminum substrate. Firstly, the superhydrophobic property of the coating prepared in this experiment is better than that of the ordinary coating, and its contact angle reaches 167.3° and rolling angle is as low as 2.7°. Secondly, the superhydrophobic coating can not only maintain the superhydrophobic property in harsh environment (such as: soaking in boiling water for 10 hours, soaking in acid, alkali and salt solution for 7 days, high temperature, burning and strong ultraviolet irradiation, etc.), but also can withstand a variety of mechanical damage without losing the superhydrophobic property (such as: 1000 sandpaper wear cycles, 100 tape stripping cycles and 1000 g grit sustained impact). In addition, the excellent non-wettability of superhydrophobic coating can make it have excellent performance in the field of selfcleaning and anti-fouling. It is worth mentioning that the electrochemical workstation experiment proved that the coating also has good corrosion resistance, and the anticorrosion efficiency reached 99.924%. This strong superhydrophobic coating has many functions, such as self-cleaning, antifouling and corrosion prevention, and will have good application prospects in many fields in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We introduce the notions of upper/lower weakly (τ,m)-J-continuous multifunctions and obtain some charactrizations of such multifunctions. These concepts are obtained using different generalizations of the notion of J-open sets on the ideal topological space (Y, σ, J). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multifunctions are discrete functions defined on a finite set and returning as their values all subsets of the considered set. The paper considers the classification of multifunctions defined on a two-element set with respect to the E-closure operator. E-closed sets of multifunctions are sets that are closed under superposition, the closure operator with branching by the equality predicate, the identification of variables, and the addition of dummy variables. The concept of separating sets was introduced using a greedy algorithm for the set covering problem, and 22 classes of separating sets were obtained. It is shown that the classification under consideration leads to a finite set of closed classes. The work describes all 359 E-closed classes of multifunctions, among which there are 138 pairs of dual classes and 83 self-dual classes. For each class consisting only of multifunctions, its generating system is indicated.

Lithium metal, with ultrahigh theoretical specific capacity, is considered as an ideal anode material for the lithium‐ion batteries. However, its practical application is severely plagued by the uncontrolled formation of dendritic Li. Here, a cation‐loaded porous Mg2+‐Zeolite layer is proposed to enable the dendrite‐free deposition on the surface of Li metal anode. The skeleton channels of zeolite provide the low coordinated Li+‐solvation groups, leading to the faster desolvation process at the interface. Meanwhile, anions‐involved solvation sheath induces a stable, inorganic‐rich SEI, contributing to the uniform Li+ flux through the interface. Furthermore, the co‐deposition of sustained release Mg2+ realizes a new faster migration pathway, which proactively facilitates the uniform diffusion of Li on the lithium substrate. The synergistic modulation of these kinetic processes facilitates the homogeneous Li plating/stripping behavior. Based on this synergistic mechanism, the high‐efficiency deposition with cyclic longevity exceeding 2100 h is observed in the symmetric Li/Li cell with Mg2+‐Zeolite modified anode at 1 mA cm−2. The pouch cell matched with LiFePO4 cathode fulfills a capacity retention of 88.4% after 100 cycles at a severe current density of 1 C charge/discharge. This synergistic protective mechanism can give new guidance for realizing the safe and high‐performance Li metal batteries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We consider a class of metrics which are equivalent to the Hausdorff metric in some sense to establish the well-posedness of fixed point problems associated with multifunctions of metric spaces, satisfying various generalized contraction conditions. Examples are provided to justify the applicability of new results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main objective of this article is to introduce a global version of continuity of multifunctions. Such a family of multifunctions is called uniformly continuous. Equivalent characterizations and various interesting properties of uniformly continuous multifunctions are studied in detail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Centered on "unveiling the magical potential of titanium", this experiment commenced by employing electrochemical anodization to craft vibrant titanium oxide (TiO2) films. By meticulously adjusting applied voltages, electrolytes, and anodization durations, we achieved precise control over the coloration of these films, showcasing the captivating visual allure of chemistry. Subsequent X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy elucidated the composition of these intriguing layers, confirming their pure and non-toxic nature as titanium dioxide. Detailed discussions ensued regarding the refinement of oxide film quality processes and the adoption of environmentally friendly cycling techniques. Furthermore, we explored the application of anodized TiO2 films in dye wastewater treatment and NaCl corrosion resistance tests, unveiling their multifaceted capabilities encompassing degradation, antibacterial properties, and corrosion resistance. This endeavor underscores the beauty of applied chemistry. Finally, we devised a multifaceted science popularization plan aimed at disseminating knowledge to audiences of diverse backgrounds, dispelling concerns regarding the safety of titanium-colored film layers, and enabling participants to fully appreciate the enchantment of chemistry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]