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This study provides a comprehensive typological analysis of the grammatical characteristics of subjects in Acehnese, focusing on the unique subject properties in this lesser-studied language. Utilizing a qualitative descriptive methodology, data were sourced from Acehnese language corpora and existing grammatical accounts. Selective sampling identified 200 sentences, which were analyzed across six syntactic parameters: fronting, floating quantifier, control, relativization, word order, and interrogative sentence construction. The analysis employed distributional and permutation techniques to identify patterns and deviations in subject behavior. Findings reveal that Acehnese subjects, typically noun phrases preceding verbs, can function as patients in transitive clauses without distinct marking. Crucially, Acehnese does not conform to a single 'subject' relation; instead, syntactic processes differentiate between Actor and Undergoer roles. This non-conformity to conventional typological theories underscores the unique syntactic structure of Acehnese. The results highlight the flexible and complex nature of grammatical relations in Acehnese, challenging traditional notions of subjecthood. This study contributes significantly to the broader understanding of syntactic diversity, emphasizing the need for refined and flexible theoretical frameworks in grammatical relations. By illuminating the intricate grammatical systems in Acehnese, the research underscores the importance of adaptable models in linguistic theory to accurately capture the diversity and complexity inherent in human languages. This insight is crucial for advancing linguistic typology and enhancing comparative linguistic analysis in the Southeast Asian region​.

This research explores the existential role of Ūlul Al-bāb's universal values ​​in improving work ethic, achievement motivation, and performance at UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang. Using quantitative methods and Partial Least Square-Sequential Equation Model (PLS-SEM) analysis, this research examines the relationship between variables, emphasizing the mediating role of work ethic. Two hundred respondents were selected from a population of 506 permanent lecturers. The research results show a positive and significant relationship between Ūlul Al-bāb values ​​and work ethic and performance, which confirms that internalization of objective, moderate, and transcendental principles can improve the performance of lecturers in the institution. However, the direct relationship with achievement motivation obtained insignificant results. This research also proves that work ethic emerges as an important mediator, connecting Ūlul Al-bāb values ​​with achievement motivation and performance. These findings confirm that a strong work ethic must translate these values ​​into performance improvements. The practical implications include human resource management in higher education.

Introduction: Passenger ship accidents frequently occur in Indonesian waters, resulting in injuries and fatalities. Unfortunately, the affected individuals only receive partial compensation from their travel insurance and are not granted full compensation under their consumer rights as outlined in Act Number 8 year of 1999 about Consumer Protection. This leaves them feeling disheartened about reclaiming their lost possessions. Purposes of the Research: The article delves into the legal rights of passengers impacted by sea transportation accidents, covering physical injury, loss of life, and property damage. The Shipping Court conducted a thorough investigation into the incident involving KM Express Cantika 77 on October 24, 2022, with a strong focus on uncovering the cause and implications. Methods of the Research: With normative juridical research methods, and based on literature data and the decision of the Shipping Court in the case of the burning of the Ferry KM Express Cantika 77 on October 24 2022 at 13.20 WITA in Naikliu Waters. By analyzing using a qualitative approach to determine the rights of passengers who got an accident. Results of the Research: The Indonesian Shipping Court decides on passenger ship accident cases only by examining the causes and impacts of the accident. It is recommended that the Shipping Court become a special court, like other special courts such as the Industrial Relations, Fisheries, and Forestry Courts. These reforms will allow the Court to examine and prosecute based on the criminal, civil, and administrative aspects of shipping incidents.

Pesantren sebagai lembaga pendidikan asli Indonesia telah terbukti menghasilkan ahli dibidangnya selama ratusan tahun. Sistem pendidikan tinggi modern saat ini seringkali tidak memprioritaskan pembentukan manusia ideal, melainkan lebih terfokus pada pembentukan individu yang berorientasi materi dan kurang memiliki nilai-nilai spiritual. Permasalahan ini menuntut upaya serius dalam memperkuat ketentraman dan kedamaian hidup, baik melalui pengawalan dan pengembangan sumber daya manusia, maupun melalui revolusi dalam kinerja pendidik dan sistem pendidikan tinggi secara menyeluruh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat bagaimana Pesantren Education as Indonesia's Indigenous Heritage: Nurturing Moral Education in the Digital Era dan Sumber daya Manusia nya memiliki capabilitydalam memanage dan bertahan di digital era saat ini.. Metode penelitian ini ialah kualitatif dan kuantitatif, dimana penulis memakai studi pustaka dan studi kasus yang mengambil tempat di Pondok Modern Darussalam Gontor yang mana representasi dari pesantren yang memiliki perguruan tinggi unggul di Indonesia. Hasil penelitian ini adalah Dalam model ini, Pendidikan karakter, Pengembangan karir dan peningkatan kinerja sumber daya manusia islam, Pengembangan sumber daya manusia islam, dan Pondok Modern Darussalam Gontor menjadi bagian penting dari program-program yang ditawarkan. Selain itu, program ini juga mencakup nilai-nilai seperti Qurrota A’yun, Islamic human resource development, Keikhlasan, Kemandirian, Kemodernan, Kepemimpinan dan keberhasilan dalam konteks islam, Kepesantrenan, Kesederhanaan, dan Kultur dan struktur. Gontor berusaha untuk menciptakan lingkungan belajar yang sesuai dengan prinsip-prinsip model pembelajaran Islami untuk pengembangan SDM dan nilai-nilai Islam menjadi pedoman utama dalam pengelolaan SDM, sementara pengembangan karir berbasis syariat Islam juga diutamakan untuk membentuk sumber daya manusia Islam yang berkualitas. Aspek profesionalisme Islami juga ditekankan guna memastikan integrasi nilai-nilai Islam dalam tindakan dan perilaku profesional

This research aims to analyze the approach of the Tahfidzul Qur'an Islamic boarding school in handling the mental health disorders of students. The method used is a qualitative case study type. Data collection techniques are carried out through interviews, observation and documentation. The data analysis technique consists of three lines of activity: data reduction, data presentation, and concludingand . The research results show that the process of memorizing the Al-Qur'an requires high concentration and optimal mental endurance so that students can carry out routine activities of memorizing the Al-Qur'an; they also must study in formal education. To support this, physical and spiritual endurance is needed to avoid mental health disorders. The impact of this physical and spiritual imbalance is felt in adaptation and concentration, and it not only affects individual health but also plays a vital role in preparing students to read and memorize the Koran well. The way to prevent this is to use an approach to establishing discipline and Islamic mystical therapy. Islamic boarding school caregivers provide practice to students who experience mental disorders in the form of stress, weak memorization ability, and depression through a spiritual approach.

This study aims to analyze the use of conceptual metaphors in a collection of Acehnese folk song lyrics using a cognitive semantic approach. Employing a qualitative method, the research focuses on cognitive semantic analysis to explore and understand the meanings embedded in Acehnese folk song lyrics with depth and precision. The sample collection involves selecting a diverse set of Acehnese folk song lyrics performed by Rafli Kande, including Aneuk Yatim, Wasiet Keu Aneuk, and Jasa Poma, which represent a variety of themes, genres, and time periods. The technique employed is text analysis, which examines song lyrics in depth to identify conceptual metaphors based on their types, such as ontological, structural, or orientational metaphors. The study identifies key metaphors in Acehnese folk songs, reflecting cultural values like familial bonds, social hierarchies, and spiritual beliefs. These metaphors illustrate the interconnectedness of nature and human life, emphasizing reverence for the environment and the cyclical nature of existence. Overall, Acehnese folk songs serve to preserve cultural heritage, reinforce collective identity, and provide moral guidance, showcasing their significance in Acehnese society.

This research analyzes conceptual metaphors, as popularized by Lakoff and Johnson, which are divided into three types: structural metaphors, ontological metaphors, and orientational metaphors. The focus is on an editorial on Kompas.id titled "Child Bullying and Suicide," using a qualitative research method. The data collection technique involves the listening method, followed by note-taking. The examined data include the editorial text "Child Abuse and Suicide," containing structural metaphors, ontological metaphors, orientational metaphors, source domains, target domains, and image schemas. The research results were recorded and classified based on their categories. The findings reveal six ontological metaphors with image schemas of unity, force, space, and existence; two orientational metaphors with the image schema of space; and two structural metaphors with image schemas of unity and identity. This indicates that ontological metaphors are more commonly used in news writing on the online mass media platform Kompas.id compared to structural and orientational metaphors.

In semantic relations, hyponymy is a relationship where a more specialized word (the hyponym) can be categorized under a more general or generic term (the hypernym). Understanding hyponymy helps elucidate how words and phrases relate to each other in terms of meaning, allowing for the classification of concepts and objects based on their specificity or generality. This research aimed to describe the hyponymic meaning relations found in Batak Toba songs and to explain the types of hyponyms used, particularly in these songs. The study employed a descriptive qualitative research method. The data comprised Batak Toba song lyrics sourced from a YouTube video uploaded on April 23, 2021 (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dtSRkD9WyPU), containing fourteen songs that featured hyponymic relations. Data collection involved listening and note-taking techniques, while data analysis was guided by the theory of hyponymy proposed by Croft and Cruse. The analysis identified ten hyponymic words within the song lyrics. The study concluded that Batak Toba songs utilize hyponymic meaning relations, demonstrating how specific terms are subsumed under more general categories.

This research aims to evaluate the use of the Independent Curriculum in Physical Education Learning at the elementary school level using the CIPP (Context, Input, Process, Product) model approach. This research uses a qualitative case study approach in 12 public elementary schools in Mojogedang District, Karanganyar Regency, Indonesia. Data was obtained through observation, semi-structured interviews, and document analysis. The significance of this research is Penjas learning at the elementary school level. The main focus of this research lies in the need to ensure the effectiveness of implementing the Merdeka Curriculum. As a result of this research, it was found that there were significant variations in the implementation of the Independent Curriculum between schools. Although the context aspect highlights the importance of developing students holistically, there are differences in the ideal concept and its implementation. Input evaluations show significant differences in school readiness, especially in teacher capabilities and resource availability. Product evaluation shows various differences in efforts to develop student competencies. The results of this research conclude that a more differentiated and contextual implementation strategy is needed, as well as getting sustainable support in teacher professional development and improving educational infrastructure.

Homeownership, viewed as a form of economic behavior, warrants a comprehensive examination considering individual perspectives. This study seeks to redefine cultural perception as an additional variable that extends the influential Theory of Planned Behavior, which serves as the foundational framework for studies in economic behavior. It presents a conceptual framework introducing the pivotal concept of cultural perception in the analysis of homeownership, drawn from an extensive literature review in economics and housing. The study delves into the notions of cultural dimensions, norms rooted in culture, homeownership, Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA), and Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), addressing the existing gap regarding the “cultural influence” within the TPB framework. Furthermore, this study introduces a novel perspective by expanding TPB by incorporating perception variables linked to cultural values, forming a synthesis of economics, cultural, and psychological disciplines. A metric for assessing perception concerning cultural values is also proposed to effectively encapsulate the essence of the homeownership concept. This study is anticipated to augment the precision and comprehensiveness of investigations into the dynamics of homeownership behavior, and thus enrich the behavioral literature by integrating ideas from diverse disciplines.

The development of modern retail in Indonesia is so fast, this has an impact on the growth and development of various retailers in various regions. Nanostore as a micro business which is one of the traditional retailers which in Indonesia is known as a grocery shop is a business run by families in villages that support the daily needs of the surrounding community. In 2022 there will be 326 modern retailers which will result in competition leading to higher consumer expectations for service quality. That way, the purpose of this study is to determine the quality of services provided by nanostore owners, to determine the effect of service quality on nanostore consumer satisfaction in Subang Regency. Data collection was carried out by distributing questionnaires using a Likert scale to 230 nanostore respondents. The sampling method used purposive sampling technique. The research method used is descriptive quantitative method with correlation analysis techniques, simple regression analysis, coefficient of determination, and hypothesis testing. The results have shown that service quality affects customer satisfaction by 46.6%.

Introduction: The illness perception of mild Traumatic Brain Injury (mTBI) patients before discharge from the hospital tends to be inappropriate. Apart from that, post-injury symptoms such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are often experienced by patients, which can affect their quality of life. However, research linking patient perceptions with post-traumatic stress and quality of life remains scarce. This study aimed to examine patient’s illness perceptions and their relationship with PTSD and HRQOL. Methods: This study employed a prospective survey. Illness perceptions were measured before hospital discharge, and a follow-up of post-traumatic stress and health-related quality of life using an online survey was conducted one month later. The survey was administered from July to October 2023 at two hospitals, with a sample size of 72 mTBI patients. Results: mTBI patients with older age (p=.001), negative emotional perceptions (p=

This research analyzes strategic management based on Islamic values at Islamic boarding school-based universities in East Java Province. Through a cross-case qualitative approach, this research analyzes the strategic formulation, implementation, and evaluation stages and their implications for improving the quality of education. Interviews, observations, and documentation were conducted to obtain accurate and valid data. Data analysis uses the Miles and Huberman interactive model: data collection, data presentation, data condensation, and drawing conclusions. The results of this research show that the strategic planning process needs to be carried out through deliberation with core stakeholders and HR (human resources) involved in higher education institutions and the need to develop Islamic values in the strategic planning process, namely istiqamah (continuously), da'wah (inviting people to join), ittihad (unity), mashlahah (general goodness), ihtiyat (prudence). These Islamic values were developed to optimize strategic planning components: scanning, establishing a vision, mission, tag lines, policies, and strategies. These several components form a unit that cannot be separated in the strategic planning process in responding to the future challenges of educational institutions.

Pulmonary tuberculosis cases can arise due to various factors, including treatment fatigue resulting from prolonged therapy, insufficient patient knowledge about the condition, geographical distance between patients’ residences and healthcare facilities, a lack of reminders from healthcare workers regarding medication adherence, and the perception that treatment provided at community health centers may be inadequate. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of digital smart applications in enhancing medication adherence among pulmonary tuberculosis patients. Utilizing a trial survey approach, the research focused on patients seeking treatment at the Surabaya Community Health Center. Smart digital applications were employed to monitor medication adherence, with patients inputting their data via cell phones. The study recorded data over one month and found that while some patients struggled to operationalize the smart digital application, many were able to utilize it effectively. Overall, the findings suggest that smart digital applications can be valuable tools for monitoring medication adherence among pulmonary tuberculosis patients, particularly for older adults.

The purpose of this study is to identify a plan for sustaining and growing MNCTV news stations' share and rating. This television news station has been around for around 27 years and is still going strong. Despite the fact that the generation at this news station has shifted, this is inextricably linked to the outstanding program rating/share and has a tendency to remain steady. Descriptive qualitative research methodology is used to gather detailed information about the chief editor and three executives involved in news programs. The findings demonstrated that from pre-production to post-production, the editorial team holds regular meetings. Reporters with specialized knowledge of the issue being covered are provided access to all of the materials reviewed during the editorial meeting. Additionally, they stay up to date with technology advancements to improve the screen. To improve the on-screen presentation, news anchors are frequently swapped out for younger, more intelligent candidates. As the times change, news is also posted to official social media profiles on platforms like YouTube, Instagram, and TikTok.

This research aimed to determine the level and the factors that caused students’ anxiety in learning English that is faced by first semester students of Journalism Study Program Bengkulu University academic year 2021-2022. This research was descriptive quantitative. The sample of this research was first semester students of Journalism Study Program Bengkulu University. The data were collected by using a questionnaire. The questionnaire has validated using expert judgments. In this instrument, the reliability obtains by using Cronbach’s Alpha formula in SPSS software. This research used simple statistical (percentage and weighted average) to analyze the data. The results of this research showed that the majority of the students (54 out of 73) were in the medium level of anxiety. There were three factors that cause students’ anxiety in learning English at Journalism Study Program Bengkulu University; Fear of Negative Evaluation, Communication Apprehension, and Test Anxiety. The majority factor that caused students’ Anxiety in learning English at Journalism Study Program Bengkulu University mostly came from fear of negative evaluation.

This paper utilizes the Natural Semantic Metalanguage Approach (NSM) to explore the meanings of animal-related taboo names among the Acehnese in Indonesia. Through qualitative interviews with 12 respondents from Langsa City and Peureulak District in East Aceh, the NSM approach reveals two categories of animal taboos. The first, the taboo of swearing, involves offensive language equating individuals with animals like ‘bui’ (pig), ‘asèe’ (dog), ‘pa’ee’ (gecko), ‘muruwa’ (monitor lizard), and ‘lemo’ (cow). The second, the taboo of fear, rooted in cultural beliefs, deems certain animals sacred and prohibits mentioning their names in natural settings, including ‘rimueng’ (tiger), ‘gajah’ (elephant), ‘buya’ (crocodile), ‘badeuk’ (rhinoceros), ‘uleue’ (snake), and ‘tikôh’ (rat). Acehnese use alternative names to show respect, reflecting a belief that respecting nature facilitates harmonious living. The semantic primitive meaning of animals’ taboo for swearing involves a substantive component, a substantive relational of a kind, and bad as an evaluator. Equating humans with these animals is prohibited when their names are used in the context of insulting others. The taboo of fear is attributed to the animals’ perceived holiness and sacredness, with the semantic primitive involving something kind and bad. Acehnese believe these animals possess mystical powers and can hear their names when being called, hence suggesting the use of alternative names for these animals is preferable.

Online brochures are one of the preferred choices in describing the advertisement’s worth of many linguistic features. ‘Parenting’ strategies are one of the topics which are discussed in the online brochures. We can find the quotes and problem-solving about ‘parenting’ spread in cyberspace. Online parenting brochures are made by a personal or community to share that importance. The clause in parenting brochures discourse has a semantic meaning of its speech function. The language of the brochures was examined by using Halliday’s theory of Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL), then it was found that the language in the brochures was formulated interpersonally. The meanings of the clause are developed in any interactive features in exchanging the giving and demanding move of speech function. This research was conducted qualitatively by analyzing 48 clauses in the brochures. It was found that the most commonly used linguistic clause in the brochures was the statement (71%) as a way of giving information to the readers. Then the rest was the command (29%) for the parents or the childminder to be applied in nurturing the children. Besides, multimodal strategies were also used to make the brochures more eye-catching. The semiotics modes used in the brochures were supported by the meaning making of the discourse. The readers were also invited to comprehend the urgent situation of the topic discussed.

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of using one of ice breaking strategies in science learning contexts on students' motivation. This study employed a quantitative approach. The participants involved were 26 students from Class IV A of SD Negeri Daya 1 Makassar City using purposive sampling. Data were collected through observation and questionnaire sheets consisting 30 statements to find students’ motivation levels. Descriptive and inferential statistics were utilized for data analysis. The result indicated that most students’ learning motivation was categorized as good (53.85%) and very good (38.46%) categories after applying yel-yel, one of ice breaking strategies. Therefore, the implementation of ice breaking strategy had a positive impact on enhancing students' motivation to learn science subjects. Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan salah satu strategi ice breaking dalam konteks pembelajaran IPA terhadap motivasi siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Partisipan yang terlibat adalah 26 siswa Kelas IV A dari SD Negeri Daya 1 Kota Makassar dengan menggunakan purposive sampling. Data dikumpulkan melalui lembar observasi dan angket yang terdiri dari 30 pernyataan untuk mengetahui tingkat motivasi siswa. Statistik deskriptif dan inferensial digunakan untuk analisis data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar motivasi belajar siswa berada pada kategori baik (53,85%) dan sangat baik (38,46%) setelah diterapkannya strategi yel-yel yang merupakan salah satu strategi ice breaking. Oleh karena itu, penerapan strategi icebreaking memberikan dampak positif terhadap peningkatan motivasi belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran IPA.

ABSTRAK: Penelitian prototipe word order Bahasa Batak Toba (BBT) ini memiliki tujuan untuk menggambarkan karakteristik tata urut kata dan sistem pivot BBT dan menginterpretasikan tipologi BBT berdasarkan karakteristik sintaksis klausanya. Dalam pelaksanaannya data dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode agih dengan teknik ganti dan ubah-ujud. Pengujian pivot dilakukan terhadap konstruksi klausa koordinatif dan subordinative. Hasil uji pivot menunjukkan bahawa pola urutan kata VOS merupakan prototipe yang lazim dalam BBT. Penganalisisan data secara tipologis menunjukkan simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa BBT digolongkan kepada kelompok bahasa akusatif secara sintaksis. Hal tersebut tercermin lewat S yang diperlakukan sama dengan A, dan ada perlakuan berbeda untuk P. selanjutnya pengujian pivot memperlihatkan bahwa FN pada BBT dapat dilesapkan secara langsung apabila FN tersebut berada dalam fungsi S atau A. sebaliknya jika FN ada pada fungsi P maka hal pelesapan tidak bisa dilakukan secara langsung. Pelesapan dapat dilakukan dengan cara pemasifan atau pentopikalisasian salah satu klausa terlebih dahulu. Dari hasil pola yang dihasilkan diatas maka dapat dismpulkan bahwa BBT adalah bahasa dengan tipologi akusatif dengan merujuk pada sistem pivot S/A. KATA KUNCI: Word OrderKlausa; Sistem Pivot; Bahasa Batak toba. TOBA BATAK LANGUAGE WORD ORDER PROTOTYPE (PIVOT SYSTEM OF CLAUSE BASIC ORDER). ABSTRACT: This prototype research on the word order of the Toba Batak Language (BBT) aims to describe the characteristics of the word order and pivot system of BBT and interpret BBT typology based on the characteristics of the clause syntax. The data were analyzed using the distribution method with substitution and transformation techniques. Pivot testing is carried out on the construction of coordinative and subordinate clauses. The pivot test results show that the VOS word order pattern is a common prototype in BBT. Typological analysis of the data shows the conclusion of this study is that BBT is classified into the accusative language group syntactically. This is reflected through S which is treated the same as A, and there is a different treatment for P. Furthermore, the pivot test shows that FN in BBT can be eliminated directly if the FN is in the S or A function. Conversely, if FN is in the P function, the dissolution can't be done directly. Omitting can be done passively or by topicalizing one of the clauses first. From the results of the pattern produced above, it can be concluded that BBT is a language with an accusative typology with reference to the S/A pivot system. KEYWORDS: Word Order; Clause; Pivot System; Toba Batal Language.

Abstract In Kabupaten Kepulauan Yapen, more broiler chickens still need to be produced. Once the variables that affect production are known, optimal production can be carried out. This research aims to examine the variables that affect broiler chicken productivity. A descriptive methodology combined with a case study technique was used to perform the study. Six respondents who grew broiler chickens throughout four production cycles were interviewed and observed during the data collection. The factors affecting production are identified using multiple linear regression. The findings revealed that the number of birds at harvest, average body weight at harvest, depletion, farmer's education, farmer's age, and the number of family members were the factors that influenced (P>0.05) the output of broiler chickens. Breeders should take note of these characteristics in order to boost broiler production. Keywords: Broiler; Production; Yapen islands Abstrak Produksi ayam ras pedaging di Kabupaten Kepulauan Yapen masih perlu ditingkatkan. Peningkatan produksi secara optimal dapat dilakukan setelah faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap produksi diketahui. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap produksi ayam ras pedaging. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan teknik studi kasus. Data dikumpulkan melalui pengamatan dan wawancara terhadap enam responden dengan empat siklus produksi. Regresi linier berganda digunakan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap produksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi (P>0,05) produksi ayam ras pedaging adalah jumlah ayam saat panen, rataan bobot badan ayam saat panen, pendidikan peternak, umur peternak, dan jumlah anggota keluarga peternak. Oleh karena itu untuk meningkatkan produksi ayam ras pedaging maka perternak perlu memperhatikan faktor-faktor tersebut. Kata kunci: Ayam ras pedaging; Kepulauan Yapen; Produksi

The demands of life require a balance between faith and piety, reflected in noble morals. Therefore, students need to be prepared and guided to have good morals. Moral education is essential; MA Islamic Center Bin Baz (ICBB) and MA Jamillarohman apply this concept. Research was conducted to evaluate the education system and the implementation of morals in the two schools. This research method uses a qualitative approach and a multi-case study type. Data analysis uses Miles and Huberman's interactive approach and cross-case data analysis. The results of the research show similarities in both schools, such as the goal of forming moral character, the implementation of the education system at the beginning of the school year through meetings with the teacher council, and positive implications for students such as honesty, trustworthiness, devotion to worship, a tendency to help in benevolence, obedience to others. Old, and generous. The difference between the two lies in the karakul Karima pattern at ICBB, which involves Islamic boarding schools, MA Jamillurohman's emphasis on the MAPK curriculum, and MA ICBB's focus on continuing studies in the Middle East and preparing its graduates for work. In contrast, MA Jamillarohman focuses on continuous learning with merit scholarships, memorizing the Koran, and improving studies.

Hyperuricemia is characterized by elevated uric acid levels in the blood, often stemming from increased uric acid production or inadequate uric acid excretion, resulting in levels exceeding 7 mg/dL. If left unmanaged, this condition can lead to gout arthritis. Elevated serum uric acid levels have also been linked to liver damage, as evidenced by findings in patients diagnosed with Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), showing increased serum uric acid levels associated with liver damage. This study investigates the potential role of bay leaf extract in reducing liver inflammation related to uric acid metabolism. This study employed a true experimental approach with a post-test control group design, utilizing 8-week-old Mus musculus as experimental animals. The groups were divided as follows: Group 1 (control), Group 2 (Potassium oxonate-PO), Group 3 (PO with administration of bay leaf extract at 75mg/kg body weight), Group 4 (PO with administration of bay leaf extract at 150mg/kg body weight), and Group 5 (PO with administration of bay leaf extract at 300mg/kg body weight). Histological examination of the liver in the PO administration group revealed cell infiltration compared to the control group. However, a significant reduction in damaged hepatocyte cells was observed by administering bay leaf extract in PO+EDS-1, PO+EDS-2, and PO+EDS-3 groups (P

The habit of temper tantrums carried out by children aged 2 to 6 years is an attitude that must be controlled well by parents, so that children can grow and develop emotionally well. Certain strategies are needed to overcome the child's temper tantrum habits. The purpose of this study was to determine the form of parenting style in dealing with temper tantrum behavior in early childhood and to determine the supporting and inhibiting factors of parenting parents in overcoming temper tantrum behavior in early childhood in Kecamatan Langsa Baro. This research uses a qualitative approach. The subjects (respondents) of the study consisted of three villages in Kecamatan Langsa Baroe, namely Geudubang Jawa, Geudubang Aceh and Paya Bujok Tunong. The research subjects are children with temper tantrum behavior, parents and community experts (psychologists). Data collection techniques using observation, interviews and documentation. While the data analysis technique is used to interpret the results of the study which consists of: data reduction, data presentation, and inference. The results of this study indicate that: 1) The form of parenting style in dealing with temper tantrum behavior in early childhood in Langsa BarÔ District is the tendency of parenting parents to overcome temper tantrum behavior such as authoritarian, permissive, and democratic. The supporting factors for parenting parents in overcoming temper tantrum behavior in early childhood in Langsa BarÔ District are: a) Parents' self-efficacy. b) Parents' social support. c) The role of the community of experts (psychologists). While the inhibiting factors include: a) Parents' mistakes because they always comply with the wishes of the child, b) Parents are too authoritarian towards children, c) The inability of children to express their expressions, d) Busy parents so that they pay less attention to children. The conclusion is that there are three strategies used by parents in dealing with children who have a temper tantrum, namely, first, using an authoritarian strategy where the child is forced to follow the wishes of the parents, Second, a permissive strategy, namely the child is given freedom to carry out his wishes, although sometimes the parents also help the child to fulfill their desires, and thirdly, a democratic strategy, where parents give children the freedom to fulfill their desires but under the control of the parents.

The Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI) is part of society and protectors specially prepared to carry out the duties and defense of the country. In addition, the Indonesian National Army (TNI) is limited by laws and military regulations, so all actions undertaken must be based on applicable laws and regulations. To carry out specific duties and obligations, the Indonesian National Army (TNI) is educated and trained to comply with orders or decisions and carry them out appropriately and efficiently. The increase in the illicit circulation of narcotics in the territory of Indonesia is due to the lack of strictness or the lightness of the punishments imposed on dealers and users or the development of narcotics abuse and illicit trafficking not only in the general public but also in the military community, both as manufacturers, dealers and users. The illicit circulation of narcotics within the military is currently very concerning for the discipline and future of the Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI) because it will lead to dependence on its users and hinder the implementation of its primary duties, damage the physical and mental health of military members who use narcotics, and the Criminal Code will be enforced. The Military Criminal Law, especially regarding the imposition of a sentence, but if the act is not regulated in the Criminal Procedure Code, another law that regulates it will apply. This study aims to find out the factors that cause narcotics abuse by military members and to analyze the judge's decision regarding the criminal act of narcotics abuse by members of the TNI. This study uses a normative juridical approach and is descriptive by using legal sources in the form of secondary data, in this case, bibliographical data. Data collection techniques are carried out using decision studies and searches of related documents, laws, literature, etc. The study results showed that the Military Prosecutor in the trial brought the defendant along with his identity data, and the defendant confirmed that the identity was his so that there was no wrong subject.

This study discusses the conceptualization of metaphors in the discourse of the Bali G20 Summit using cognitive semantic theory. The purpose of this study is to explore and analyze the types and meanings of metaphors and create a semantic network to see the relationship of meanings with one another. This research is included in the descriptive qualitative research. The source of metaphor data comes from online mass media. The method used in data collection is the simak method, with the note-taking technique as the primary technique, and the data analysis method uses the distribution method with advanced techniques for natural elements (BUL). The results showed three types of metaphors, namely three structural, two orientational, and five ontological metaphors. Based on the metaphorical mapping between the source domain and the target domain of the image scheme, namely the identity of the suitability feature matching; space with features Up-Down, Front-Back, Left-Right, Near-far, Center-Periphery, Contact; force strength with the characteristics of balance, state of existence characteristic of an object, cycle, and process, limited space bounded space. Cognitive roles influence the conceptualization of metaphors in the discourse of the Bali G20 Summit. The meaning of the metaphor is reflected based on different thoughts and experiences in the context of the sentence. The linkage of meaning between one meaning and another can be connected through synonymous meaning relations in a semantic network.

The number of unemployed college graduates is increasing because they generally expect to be employees and are not interested in entrepreneurship. The purpose of this study was to analyze (1) the formation of students' entrepreneurial attitudes through the independent entrepreneurial program and (2) the opportunities and challenges faced by students in the program. The research method used is qualitative, with a case study approach. The object of the research is the Muhammadiyah University of Makassar as the only organizer of the independent entrepreneurial program in eastern Indonesia, which was selected and beat the leading universities. The informants in this study were purposively selected committee members and students participating in the independent entrepreneurial program. The results showed the formation of students' entrepreneurial attitudes through workshops, business partner onboarding, entrepreneurial experience, and the expo. This program provides opportunities for students to acquire entrepreneurial knowledge, create their own businesses, and build networks with entrepreneurs. The challenge faced by students is convincing business partners of their product ideas and deadlines for preparing products for the expo.

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui respons tanaman pakcoy (Brassica rappa) terhadap kinerja konsorsium Trichodermayang diformulasi dalam tepung sekam dan air kolam budidaya udang Vaname sebagai substituen media tanam hidroponik. Kegiatan dilangsungkan di Tlocor-Tanjungsari, Jabon, Sidoarjo, September-Desember 2022. Empat perlakuan dalam percobaan ini disusun dalam Rancangan Acak Lengkap yang terdiri atas AB-Mix 5.000 ppm, AB-Mix 2.500 ppm + Trichoderma, AB-Mix 2.500 ppm + Trichoderma dan air kolam 20%, dan Trichoderma dan air kolam 20%. Total satuan percobaan 20 yang masing-masing terdiri atas delapan tanaman dalam satu baki ukuran 20x40 cm. Varibel yang diamati tinggi, jumlah, dan luas daun 10 dan 20 hari setelah transplanting, serta bobot panen. Analisis ragam (ANOVA) dilakukan terhadap semua data; untuk mengetahui perbedaan antar perlakuan dilakukan uji BNT 5%. Penggunaan Trichoderma yang dikombinasikan dengan air kolam dan dengan AB-Mix berpengaruh terhadap tinggi, jumlah daun, luas daun, serta bobot segar panen tanaman pakcoy. Aplikasi konsorsiumTrichoderma dan bersama-sama dengan pemberian airkolam tambak mampu mensubtitusi sebanyak 50 % konsentrasi standard AB-Mix sebagai nutrisi berupa senyawa kimia anorganik dalam budidaya pakcoy secara hidroponik.

This article aims to analyze the efforts to dominate thirdspace in urban millennial cafes in Bireuen City, Aceh, by state sharia. Thirdspace is a concrete space as the actuality of contestation in secondspace by each group. Because secondspace determines the domination of thirdspace, state sharia through authoritative institutions, namely Satuan Polisi Pamong Praja (Civil Service Police Unit) & Wilayatul Hisbah (Satpol PP&WH) is trying to take preventive action. This qualitative research uses an anthropological approach. Researchers collected data from observation, in-depth interviews, and literature studies related to research subjects. The theory used in this research is Thirdspace by Edward Soja about the process of forming thirdspace as a public place. The focus of this research is Bireuen City, as a strategic city from the point of view of rapid social change, advanced economy, strategic geographical location, and rapid development of public places for millennials. The research findings show that state sharia through Satpol PP&WH conducts Islamic religious education, especially theology and Islamic ethical philosophy education for millennials by visiting many high schools, as an effort to dominate thirdspace through secondspace, especially urban millennial cafes in Bireuen City.

This research aimed to found the Moral values, Intrinsic elements, in the movie and also theoretical implication for English Language Teaching. Every movie has intrinsic elements and moral value to be discovered to its viewers. In movie "The Pursuit of Happyness” Directed by Gabriele Muccino. intrinsic elements were discovered through the elements in the movie and moral values through the characters in the movie. The objectives of the research were to investigate the moral values and intrinsic elements, depicted in movie "The Pursuit of Happyness” Directed by Gabriele Muccino and the theoretical implication for English Language Teaching. Qualitative method was used to describe the dialogue/scenes that contain moral values with structural and psychological approaches. In this research, the writer used triangulation to ensure the validity of the data. The result of the research showed that and there are eighteen moral values in “The Pursuit of Happiness” movie, namely: Honesty, Self-Confidence, Responsible, Independence, Moral Courage, Humility, Critical Attitude, Peace of Ability, Love and Affection, Respect, Unselfishness and Sensitivity, Kindness and Friendliness,Strong, Belief, Loyalty, Religious, Hard Work, Dicipline and Friendly/Communicative. there are five intrinsic elements discovered in the movie, they are: Theme, Plot, Characters and Characterization, Setting, and Point of View. The theoretical implication especially for students hopefully, they can learn and practice those positive moral values in their daily life. therefore, by watching the movie, they not only get the entertainment but also moral messages which are implied in the story. Keywords: Moral values, Movie, The Pursuit of Happyness

Introduction: Little is known about the cognitive and emotional perceptions of patients with mild traumatic brain injury, although studies showed patients experiencing difficulties in cognitive functioning and psychological impacts following their injury. This systematic review aims to identify the current literature regarding illness representation dimensions in mild traumatic brain injury and their related factors. Methods: A search of electronic databases was completed using PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, and Web of Science, which were published from 2002 to April 2020. Studies were assessed for quality and bias, and data were analyzed using narrative synthesis. Results: The initial search yielded 155 studies, and ten were included. The results showed that patients had negative perceptions toward their mild traumatic brain injury. Some dimensions of illness representation were found to have relationships to their post-concussion symptoms, post-traumatic stress disorder, and quality of life of mild traumatic brain injury patients. Conclusions: The illness representations can be applied to such patients because it is able to explain symptoms and related factors that indicate their recovery process. The findings help trauma nurses to build interventions based on the dimensions of illness representations to generate appropriate perceptions after injury, and may to enhance the recovery process and outcomes.

This paper describes the types of thematic role categories of verbal clause arguments in the Toba Batak language (BBT). This syntactic study is conducted through a qualitative approach with a listening technique in collecting oral and written data. Then the data is processed through commensurate and 'agih' methods, which are described through distributional and informal methods. The results show that the category of verbal clauses in BBT is divided into two parts: verbal and non-verbal. Verbal clauses consist of (1) transitive clauses, which are divided into medial active clauses, passive clauses, and reciprocal clauses; (2) intransitive clauses; and (3) semi-transitive clauses. Transitive clauses have the structure of P+O+S and S+P+O. Intransitive clauses are structured P+S and P+S+Ket. Furthermore, semi transitive clauses have S+P and S+P+Ket as their structures. The category of non-verbal clauses in BBT, namely clauses with non-verbal predicates, have nominal, numeral, adjectival, and adverbial (prepositional phrases) as categories in their predicates. The thematic role of BBT verbal clause arguments consists of two macro roles as actor and undergoer, while the special thematic role consists of agent, stimulus, experiencer, theme, locative and patient. This research is further expected to positively impact the development of BBT.

Determining the curriculum is the government's authority, in early 2022, the independent curriculum was launched. Implementing an independent curriculum is a challenge in itself for education in North Kalimantan. The reason is educational facilities in this region are not evenly distributed. However, several agencies have made efforts to continue to make the independent curriculum program a success. This research was conducted using the systematic literature review (SLR) method. The results of this research are that the government, teacher groups, and several schools have developed and implemented an independent curriculum. Teaching staff in North Kalimantan experienced various difficulties in implementing the independent curriculum technique, including a lack of resources, such as teaching materials and technology, and confusion due to a lack of understanding. This case is an indication that there is still a need to improve the quality of education, especially in the interior of North Kalimantan.

This study aimed to obtain information about the impact of different morphological characteristics and genesis at some reclamation sites after coal-mining activities. Two coal sites were chosen as study areas, i.e. the Separi site, which is located in Kutai Kartanegara regency and the Bengalon site, located in Kutai Timur Regency. A descriptive research method was used to identify the morphological characteristics of reclamation sites at different times (chronosequence). The results showed that in-situ weathering, indicated by soil leaching caused by rainwater infiltration, led to the formation of the Ah horizon more than two years after the reclamation activity. The process of material removal and disposal (cutting, filling, transporting and levelling) from coal mining operations tends to accelerate the decomposition of parent soil material and promote the formation of pre-cambic horizons. The soils used (horizon A, B, and C) for the topsoil of the reclamation site were initially Typic Hapludults and Typic Dystropepts, although Typic Tropaquents and sandy parent materials were also used. Due to the impermeable layers of overburdening where water channels in the soil profile and deeper layers have not yet formed as human-made soil and landscape (artificial) cause rainwater to fail to infiltrate deeper layers so that with less heavy rain, the groundwater level will rise to the surface and the land will become waterlogged/flooded.

The current article discusses a linguistic phenomenon, particularly, the use of bikago beautified style, which has been classified as being separate from teineigo since 2007. The discussion covers the forms of this particular linguistic style and the background of its emergence. This research was conducted because, to date, Japanese language studies pertaining to this specific style mostly consisted of researches that are based on spoken data analysis. This is a descriptive-qualitative study. Data were collected from instruction labels of food, beverage, and pharmaceutical products in Japanese provided on the packages of relevant products. Data were gathered based on the content of bikago style element found within a speech. Speeches that do not contain any bikago style element were not included as research data. Research results shows that the number of bikago terms being used on relevant products is very scarce, only consisting of a few words, yet they are distributed in various elements of usage instruction discourse.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan media scrabbled mampu meningkatkan keterampilan menulis teks eksplanasi siswa SMP. Yang kedua untuk menjelaskan proses pembelajaran yang menggunakana media scrabbled. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh kurangnya minat dan minimnys kemampuan menulis siswa SMP. Selain itu perlunya guru untuk menggunakan media pembelajaran yang efesien dan tepat bgi par siswa. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian tindakan kelas. Responden dari 3 SMP yang ada di kabupaten Bogor. Jumlah responden sebanyak 94 siswa. Hasil peneltiian ini adanya peningkatan nilai pada siklus 2 dan 3. Nilai kenaikan total sebesar 8 poin. Disamping itu siswa lebih percaya diri dan cepat membentuk kalimat –kalimat yang berisikan teks ekplanasi. Proses pembelajaran diawali dengan proses pembukaan, inti dan penutup. Pembelajaran dengan media scrabbled dapat membentuk dari sebuah kata menjadi sebuak alinea yang baik. Bagi para guru dianjurkan dapat mengembangkan media lain yang sejenis atau yang berbeda. Pembelajaran ini memerlukan persiapan yang harus dilakukan seperti menyiapkan media, waktu dan bimbingan yang terarah.

Corruption is a crime that harms state finances and the people's economy. On KPK website, cases of budget misuse data based on region, from 2004 to 2021 there are as many as 402 cases. So, extraordinary enforcement and extraordinary measures are needed. The research purpose is to analyze the regulation of corruption crimes committed during natural disasters, analyze the weaknesses of regulation corruption in social assistance funds, and analyze the prevention of corruption during natural disasters. This study uses statute approach with secondary legal literature research techniques and uses prescriptive analysis. The result of this journal is regulation of Corruption Crimes during natural disasters is regulated in Law Number 24 of 2007 about Disaster Control, Law Number 31 of 1999 about Eradication of Corruption Crimes, and PERPU Number 24 of 1960 about Investigation, Prosecution and Examination of Corruption Crimes. Provisions for the death penalty are regulated in Article 2 paragraph 2 Law Number 31 of 1999, namely in event that criminal act of corruption as referred to in paragraph (1) is committed under certain circumstances, the death penalty can be imposed, and prevention of corruption during a natural disaster can be carried out by penal and non-penal.

Pengelolaan keuangan daerah adalah keseluruhan kegiatan yang meliputi perencanaan, penganggaran, pelaksanaan, penatausahaan, pelaporan, pertanggungjawaban, dan pengawasan keuangan daerah. Bendahara memiliki peranan penting dalam pengelolaan keuangan daerah yaitu sebagai pemegang kas dan juru bayar. Fungsi bendahara yang bersinggungan langsung dengan kas berpotensi terjadinya kesalahan atau kelalaian jika bendahara tidak melaksanakan tugas dan tanggung jawab dengan benar. Kesalahan dan kelalaian bendahara ini menyebabkan kerugian daerah. Prosedur penyelesaian kerugian negara/daerah yang disebabkan oleh bendahara diatur lebih lanjut melalui Peraturan BPK Nomor 3 Tahun 2007. Dalam peraturan tersebut diatur pemulihan keuangan negara/daerah melalui dua cara yaitu melalui mekanisme SKTJM dan Surat Keputusan Pembebanan. Kedua, Bendahara sebagai pelaku/penanggungjawab dapat dimintakan pertanggungjawaban dalam 2 bentuk yaitu pertanggungjawaban secara administrasi negara dan pertanggungjawaban secara pidana. Hal ini dinyatakan dalam Pasal 62 ayat (1) dan (2) Undang-undang No. 1 Tahun 2004.

This paper examines the interjection of ômma in Acehnese language using a natural semantic metalanguage approach. The study employed a qualitative method using oral, written, and artificial data sources. Twelve qualified informants from three study locations, i.e., Aceh Besar, West Aceh, and South Aceh provided their consent to participate in this study. Meanwhile, written data were sourced from Acehnese books and previous studies, and the artificial data were used as complementary to oral and written data. The data analysis is presented using a distributional approach. In addition, the Natural Semantic Metalanguage (NSM) theory was also applied. The results show that the interjection of ômma in the Acehnese language expressed three semantic aspects, i.e., emotive, volitive, and cognitive. The emotive aspect includes expressions of amazement, surprise, and anger. In addition, the meanings of the interjection of ômma are highly dependent on the text and the context of the sentence. A chuckle of amazement, pleasant facial expression, hand-clap, head-shake, or thumbs-up accompanies the interjection of ômma expressing amazement. The interjection of ômma that expresses anger is accompanied by a sour facial expression, such as frowns and lip-biting, as well as a high intonation voice. In expressing a feeling of surprise, the interjection of ômma is accompanied by a voice that indicates joy and a happy facial expression. Meanwhile, the interjection of ômma expressing volition is accompanied by limb movements, either using hands, mouth, or face. The interjection of ômma that expresses the cognitive aspect is followed by movements or pats on the forehead or legs.

Jengkol merupakan tanaman asli daerah tropis yang banyak dijumpai di seluruh wilayah Indonesia. Tanaman jengkol termasuk jenis tanaman semak berkayu dengan ketinggian rata-rata mencapai 20 meter dan dapat hidup di daratan tinggi dan dataran rendah dengan buah berwarna coklat dan berbentuk bundar. Desa Sido Makmur merupakan salah satu desa penghasil tanaman jengkol dengan kualitas terbaik yang terkenal sampai ke luar Kabupaten Kepulauan Mentawai, karena rasanya yang enak namun tidak berbau. Setiap musim jengkol di Desa Sido Makmur akan dijumpai buah jengkol yang berserakan di tepi jalan, karena buah jengkol hanya dikonsumsi untuk lauk pauk sehari-hari dan sebagai pembatas pekarangan rumah saja dan tidak termanfaatkan secara maksimal. Melihat kondisi ini, perlu dilakukan pengolahan buah jengkol sehingga bermanfaat dan berdaya guna dan dapat menambah penghasilan masyarakat setempat. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah untuk memberikan pemahaman dan menambah pengetahuan masyarakat sebagai pelaku usaha buah jengkol tentang tata cara pengelolaannya serta cara pemasarannya menggunakan TTG (Teknologi Tepat Guna), seperti; Market Place, facebook, WhatsApp, Telegram, YouTube, dan Instagram, sehingga dari hasilnya dapat meningkatkan pendapatan masyarakat. Pada kegiatan ini metode yang digunakan adalah metode ceramah dan brainstorming dengan memaparkan dan menjelaskan materi pelatihan tentang manfaat tanaman jengkol dan tata cara pengolahannya sekaligus bertukar pikiran dan pengalaman antara narasumber dengan peserta, sehingga dapat menghasilkan berbagai macam kuliner versi buah jengkol seperti kerupuk jengkol, sate jengkol, rendang jengkol, dan nugget jengkol. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan di aula kantor Desa Sido Makmur yang dihadiri oleh 15 (lima belas) orang peserta yang tergabung dari 3 (tiga) dusun. Hasil dari kegiatan ini adalah 1). Peserta dapat memahami manfaat dari pengolahan buah jengkol, 2). Peserta mampu mengolah buah jengkol menjadi beberapa jenis produk kuliner seperti kerupuk jengkol, sate jengkol, rendang jengkol, dan nugget jengkol, 3). Peserta memiliki keingintahuan yang tinggi untuk perkembangan TTG (Teknologi Tepat Guna), sehingga dapat memasarkan hasil produksi buah jengkol ke luar Kabupaten Kepulauan Mentawai yakni Kota Padang.

This research explores basic and secondary colors in Indonesia. This research attempts to explicate the meaning of colors by using the semantic theory of Natural Semantic Metalanguage Theory. This research applied qualitative method. The paradigm of qualitative research revolves around the observation from the surrounding. The data were collected from various sources such as Indonesian Dictionary, Indonesian Corpus, and the data created by the researcher as the native speaker. The researcher explicates primary or basic colors as well as the secondary. Further, these Indonesian colors were being explicated by applying the features of Natural Semantic Metalanguage (NSM). The colors in Indonesian were gathered and classified. The researcher then analyzed the colors based on the explication of NSM theory and the approach of Basic Color Term initiated by Berlin and Kay. This research discovers that the basic or primary colors in Indonesian are Black, White, Red, Yellow, Green and Blue. The application of this research is apparently vivid in the advancement of colors study in the realm of semantics. This research also exposes the difference of explication in English and Indonesian. This occurred due to the difference of the usage of semantic atom to explain the meaning of color. To explicate the color of black, Indonesian uses charcoal. Meanwhile English uses the night sky. In Indonesian, colors that come after Green and Blue according to Berlin and Kay’s color terms are Brown, Purple, Orange, Pink, and Grey are not basics but secondary colors. Meanwhile, in English the aforementioned colors are basics.

This service activity aims to improve the research skills of lecturers in research data processing through Smart PLS training. The output target of the activity is that the participants can independently process research data and understand how to read the results and their interpretation. The training used the lecture and the practical method. The number of training participants was 20 lecturers from five STTs in Batam. The activity evaluation instruments were questions made on the Google Form that the participants must answer. The data analysis compared the participants' abilities before and after this training. The training evaluation results proved an increase in the ability of the participants to use the Smart PLS software. First, the participants already understand how to process data to test the data's validity and reliability. Second, the participants already understood how to test the intervening model hypothesis. Then, the participants understood how to test the moderating model's hypothesis. Thus, participants' research skills have improved significantly after attending this training. This type of training, particularly practice-based training, should be held on an ongoing basis.

This research has the purpose of identifying and investigating the applicative constructions of Indonesian. The research conducted a descriptive qualitative method. Data were obtained from utterances and research books and the data from other authors that have been acknowledged to be true. Data collection was carried out by observation, such as notes and library research. The agih method was used to analyse the data. The technique applied in this research were techniques for direct elements, advanced techniques like vanishing techniques, insertion techniques, reverse techniques, expansion techniques, replacement techniques, and transformation techniques. In this case, the techniques applied were based on the author's needs. The study's results indicated that the benefactive applicative construction of Indonesian refers to the application of the Indonesian language, which was marked by the suffixes –kan and –i. Furthermore, instrumental applicative construction is an application process marked by the suffix –kan attached to the verb and indirect objects marked with the preposition "pada". The instrumental applicative construction of the Indonesian refers to the process of creation. And finally, the locative applicative construction is indicated by embedding the suffix –i to the verb.

The purpose of this study is to classify the utterances of deviation and violation of the cooperative principle proposed by Grice in the Pepekomik comic strip through the utterances expressed by the characters contained in the comic strip. In addition, this research is also intended to find out the types of flouting made. This research is a qualitative descriptive analysis. Researchers used 25 chapters of Pepekomik comic strips taken from the Instagram account @Pepekomik as data sources. The data are utterances from the characters in the comic strip that contain elements of flouting the principle of cooperation. The data taken are a comic chapter that was published in the period April - June 2022. From this study, the author draws a conclusion where there are flouting maxims of cooperative principle, flouting the maxim of quality (6%), flouting the maxim of quantity (14%), flouting the maxim of relevance (23%), and flouting the maxim of manner (57%). Among the four maxims that are flouted, the maxim of manner is the maxim that is most often flouted because in making humor the comic creator uses wordplay and meaning including ambiguity and implied meaning to create humor in his comic creation.

This research aim to finds out types and the most dominant of lexical cohesion used in the song lyrics The Greatest Showman movie soundtrack album. The methodology of this research is descriptive quantitative method. The objects of this research are 5 song lyrics in The Greatest Showman movie soundtrack album namely “A Million Dreams, Never Enough, This Is Me, The Other Side and Rewrite The Stars. The data were collected by using observation sheet and table checklist. The collected data were analyzed by using statistical formula. The result of this research showed that:1. All types of lexical cohesion namely repetition, synonym, superordinate, general words and collocation were found in the song lyrics The Greatest Showman movie soundtrack album. 2. The most dominant type of lexical cohesion is Repetition. It was concluded that repetition occurred dominantly because the composer or writer want to tell the reader and listener that the focus of discourse is in the words which have been repeated to emphasize certain meanings in order to attract attention listeners and to enhance beauty in songs.

This study aims to discover what and how the typology of Angkola Language (AL) is in word order as well as to determine its grammatical alliance. The application of qualitative methods was carried out descriptively to this study, it means that the data analyzed and the results are in the form of a phenomenon description. The stages in this research are data collection, data analysis, and presentation of data analysis results/conclusions. The conclusion of this study is the word order, namely: (1) declarative sentences in AL are in the pattern of: a) Verb + Subject + Object for intransitive; b) Verb + Object + Subject for transitive; (2) The negation sentences have 2 patterns: a) Negation + Subject + Verb + Object; b) Subject + Negation + Verb + Object; (3) Interrogative sentences have 3 patterns: a) Subject + Verb + Object; b) Verb + Subject + Object; and c) Passive-Verb + Subject + Object; and (4) Imperative sentences have 2 patterns: a) Verb + Object (subject disappears); and b) Verb + Subject + Object (similar to a declarative sentence). In AL, the argument Agent (A) behaves the same as the argument Subject (S) and is different from the argument Patient (P); therefore, this language pattern is classified as an accusative type. It is expected that there will be a syntactic typology researches in AL which examine the syntactic typology comprehensively as an effort to preserve and maintain local/ethnic languages.

The concept of naming colors in each culture and language is certainly different. Color is defined as a means of expression to interpret the meaning exactly. This study was analyzed about the concept of color in the Batak Mandailing culture. The aim of the study is to describe the vocabulary of colors and their meanings in the Batak Mandailing language. The theory used in this study is the theory of Natural Semantic Metalanguage (NSM). The type of method used in this study is descriptive qualitative. The technique used is the recording and note-taking technique and to obtain the data it is done by recording the use of language, both written and spoken language. Data were collected through primary and secondary sources. Where the primary source collects library data about the names of colors. Then, secondary data was taken by conducting interviews with native speakers of the Batak Mandailing language. The results of this study indicate that there are six basic colors in the Batak Mandailing language, namely lomlom, bontar, rara, gorsing, average for green and average for blue. And the color pattern of the Batak Mandailiing language is formed by the components 'X is something' and 'X is something like this'

The purpose of community service in the Trangsan Rattan Tourism Village is to maintain the sustainability of the existence of the rattan industry center. This activity also aims to empower the potentials that are in the location and synergize the socio-economic and cultural potential in an effort to increase empowerment and improve the welfare of citizens in Rotan Tourism Village. The dedication method uses a study-action and participatory approach. Culture as an agent of change through the creation of the cultural event "Grebeg Penjalin" which is held as an annual agenda in the Tangsan Rotan Tourism Village as a cultural commoditization. The results of dedication indicate the commoditization of culture can be an effective attraction. The holding of the Braiding “Grebeg Penjalin" chosen as a cultural event has proven to be able to be an effort to maintain the existence of the Trangsan Rattan Tourism Village which directly contributes to the improvement of the welfare of the people in Trangsan.

Kampung Kepuhsari telah dideklarasikan menjadi salah satu desa wisata di Kabupaten Wonogiri. Hanya saja, jika diperhatikan dengan seksama tidak ada yang berbeda antara desa Kepuhsari ini dengan desa lainnya yang bukan desa wisata. Tidak ada atribut tertentu yang menjadi identitas khusus Kepuhsari sebagai desa wisata. Dampak dari kondisi yang demikian, keberadaan desa wisatawan ini tidak banyak dikunjungi oleh wisatawan domestik maupun asing. Kegiatan pengabdian ini dirancang untuk mendapatkan gagasan pengembangan identitas desa wisata menurut para pelaku wisata setempat. Ini karena Kepuhsari merupakan objek wisata yang berkembang berdasarkan komunitas (Community Based Tourism). Disamping mendapatkan gagasan pengembangan, kegiatan pengabdian ini juga fokus pada pemberian identitas desa wisata yang mampu membedakan desa ini dengan desa lain yang bukan desa wisata. Hasil FGD dengan pelaku pariwisata di Kepuhsari menyebutkan bahwa identitas desa wisata yang perlu diadakan di Kepuhsari adalah papan penunjuk arah menuju desa wisata, papan nama jalan dan gang di sentra Kampung Wayang, Papan nama Homestay, dan media untuk pameran hasil karya pengrajin. Saran yang bisa diberikan untuk pengembangan desa wisata ini misalnya kerjasama dengan pihak propinsi dan Kabupaten untuk penyediaan fasilitas pendukung aktivitas pariwisata.

This paper studies language and translation of the term related to Covid-19. The background of this research is many new vocabularies related to Covid-19 is borrowing term. This study attempts to find answers to the following question: a) What kind of collocations are related to the term Covid-19 pandemic in English, Arabic, and Indonesian? b) How is the pattern of word order forming collocations with the term Covid-19 pandemic in English, Arabic, and Indonesian? This study addressed the emergence of new English, Arabic, Indonesian collocation related to Covid-19 using H. Men’s collocation theory. This study used newspapers, namely Republika, BBC, al-Jazeera online that show Covid-19 as the standard procedure for collecting data. This study used corpus linguistic to analyze collocation, concordance, and syntax analysis, models. The Covid-19 domain has chosen because the Indonesian term in this domain uses a lot of loanwords. The source of the data was a basic-words and compound term. The investigation informed several aspects of findings, such as identifying the pattern of collocation, borrowing, and collocation term of coronavirus concept.