254 results on '"Mumm, R."'
Search Results
2. Überblick über internationale Strategien, Indikatorensysteme und Ergebnisdissemination zu nichtübertragbaren Erkrankungen: eine webseitengestützte Recherche
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Buchmann, M, Patelakis, E, Kettlitz, R, Mumm, R, Reitzle, L, Heidemann, C, Buchmann, M, Patelakis, E, Kettlitz, R, Mumm, R, Reitzle, L, and Heidemann, C
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- 2023
3. Metabolomics and sensory studies to uncover asparagus flavour
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Hall, R.D., Mumm, R., Pegiou, Eirini, Hall, R.D., Mumm, R., and Pegiou, Eirini
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- 2023
4. Comparison of the chemical composition of three species of smartweed (genus Persicaria) with a focus on drimane sesquiterpenoids
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Prota, N., Mumm, R., Bouwmeester, H.J., and Jongsma, M.A.
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- 2014
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5. Multi-platform metabolomics analyses of a broad collection of fragrant and non-fragrant rice varieties reveals the high complexity of grain quality characteristics
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Mumm, R., Hageman, J. A., Calingacion, M. N., de Vos, R. C. H., Jonker, H. H., Erban, A., Kopka, J., Hansen, T. H., Laursen, K. H., Schjoerring, J. K., Ward, J. L., Beale, M. H., Jongee, S., Rauf, A., Habibi, F., Indrasari, S. D., Sakhan, S., Ramli, A., Romero, M., Reinke, R. F., Ohtsubo, K., Boualaphanh, C., Fitzgerald, M. A., and Hall, R. D.
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- 2016
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6. Asparagus waste streams to aroma-rich vegetable flavourings (The effect of partial replacement of maltodextrin with vegetable fibres in spray-dried white asparagus on its physical and aroma properties).
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Pegiou, E., Siccama, J.W., Eijkelboom, N.M., Zhang, L., Mumm, R., Schutyser, M.A.I., Hall, R.D., Pegiou, E., Siccama, J.W., Eijkelboom, N.M., Zhang, L., Mumm, R., Schutyser, M.A.I., and Hall, R.D.
- Abstract
White asparagus (A. officinalis) is a popular vegetable consumed worldwide and its cooked spears are appreciated for their distinct flavour profile. During asparagus harvesting, around one-third of the total material is usually discarded. This significant waste stream partially consists of the stem bases which are cut off to produce spears with the same desired length for delivery to the supermarket. This waste stream could become a valuable resource of food ingredients. Asparagus waste was used to generate an asparagus concentrate, and this was spray-dried in different carrier formulations in which maltodextrin was partially replaced by cellulose-based carriers, i.e. asparagus fibre, citrus fibre or microcrystalline cellulose. Powders obtained from feed solutions with an initial solids content of 40 % w/w showed better physical properties and aroma retention than 30 % w/w. Partial replacement of maltodextrin by cellulose-based carriers resulted in powders with similar physical properties to the control and did not detrimentally influence the aroma profiles as analysed by headspace solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Aroma analysis was focused on asparagus key volatiles based on previous studies. This research showed that fibre obtained from asparagus waste streams could potentially be used as a carrier to produce spray-dried asparagus powder with retained key asparagus odorants such as 2-methoxy-3-isopropyl pyrazine. Valorisation of these materials could reduce the amount of agricultural waste while generating aroma-rich natural food products.
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- 2022
7. Experimental rice seed aging under elevated oxygen pressure: Methodology and mechanism
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Cholanayakanahalli Thyagaraju, M.P., Kodde, J., Angenent, G.C., de Vos, C.H., Diez Simon, C., Mumm, R., Hay, Fiona R., Siricharoen, S., Devendra, Yadava, Groot, S.P.C., Cholanayakanahalli Thyagaraju, M.P., Kodde, J., Angenent, G.C., de Vos, C.H., Diez Simon, C., Mumm, R., Hay, Fiona R., Siricharoen, S., Devendra, Yadava, and Groot, S.P.C.
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Seed aging during storage results in loss of vigor and germination ability due to the accumulation of damage by oxidation reactions. Experimental aging tests, for instance to study genetic variation, aim to mimic natural aging in a shorter timeframe. As the oxidation rate is increased by elevating the temperature, moisture, and oxygen levels, this study aimed to (1) investigate the effect of experimental rice seed aging by an elevated partial pressure of oxygen (EPPO), (2) elucidate the mechanism of dry-EPPO aging and (3) compare aging under dry-EPPO conditions to aging under traditional moist-controlled deterioration (CD) conditions and to long-term ambient storage. Dry seeds from 20 diverse rice accessions were experimentally aged under EPPO (200 times higher oxygen levels), at 50% relative humidity (RH), along with storage under high-pressure nitrogen gas and ambient conditions as controls. While no decline in germination was observed with ambient storage, there was significant aging of the rice seeds under EPPO storage, with considerable variation in the aging rate among the accessions, with an average decline toward 50% survival obtained after around 21 days in EPPO storage and total loss of germination after 56 days. Storage under high-pressure nitrogen gas resulted in a small but significant decline, by an average of 5% germination after 56 days. In a second experiment, seven rice seed lots were stored under EPPO as compared to a moist-CD test and two different long-term ambient storage conditions, i.e., conditioned warehouse seed storage (CWSS) and traditional rice seed storage (TRSS). Untargeted metabolomics (with identification of lipid and volatile compounds profiles) showed a relatively high increase in levels of oxidized lipids and related volatiles under all four storage conditions. These compounds had a high negative correlation with seed viability, indicating oxidation as a main deteriorating process during seed aging. Correlation analysis indicated
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- 2022
8. Comparative compositions of metabolites and dietary fibre components in doughs and breads produced from bread wheat, emmer and spelt and using yeast and sourdough processes
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Shewry, P.R., America, A.H.P., Lovegrove, A., Wood, A.J., Plummer, A., Evans, J., van den Broeck, H.C., Gilissen, L.J.W.J., Mumm, R., Ward, J.L., Proos, Z., Kuiper, P., Longin, Friedrich, Andersson, A.A.M., van Straaten, J.P., Jonkers, Daisy, Brouns, Fred, Shewry, P.R., America, A.H.P., Lovegrove, A., Wood, A.J., Plummer, A., Evans, J., van den Broeck, H.C., Gilissen, L.J.W.J., Mumm, R., Ward, J.L., Proos, Z., Kuiper, P., Longin, Friedrich, Andersson, A.A.M., van Straaten, J.P., Jonkers, Daisy, and Brouns, Fred
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Wholemeal flours from blends of bread wheat, emmer and spelt were processed into bread using yeast-based and sourdough fermentation. The bread wheat flour contained significantly higher concentrations of total dietary fibre and fructans than the spelt and emmer flours, the latter having the lowest contents. Breadmaking using sourdough and yeast systems resulted in changes in composition from flour to dough to bread including increases in organic acids and mannitol in the sourdough system and increases in amino acids and sugars (released by hydrolysis of proteins and starch, respectively) in both processing systems. The concentrations of fructans and raffinose (the major endogenous FODMAPs) were reduced by yeast and sourdough fermentation, with yeast having the greater effect. Both systems resulted in greater increases in sugars and glycerol in emmer than in bread wheat and spelt, but the significance of these differences for human health has not been established.
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- 2022
9. Analyses of metabolic activity in peanuts under hermetic storage at different relative humidity levels
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Groot, S.P.C., Litsenburg, M.J., Kodde, J., Hall, R.D., de Vos, C.H., Mumm, R., Groot, S.P.C., Litsenburg, M.J., Kodde, J., Hall, R.D., de Vos, C.H., and Mumm, R.
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Peanuts are transported by ship from production regions to all across the globe. Quality problems are frequently encountered due to increased levels of free fatty acids (FFAs) and a decline in organoleptic quality through lipid oxidation occurring during transport and storage. We studied the role of moisture (water activity, aw) in interaction with 87 days hermetic storage under air or nitrogen gas. Upon storage with air, some lipid oxidation was observed at water activity levels below 0.73. FFA levels increased at water activity levels above 0.73 and fungi proliferated at water activities above 0.80. Lipid oxidation, an increase in FFA levels and fungal growth were not observed after storage under nitrogen gas. It can be concluded that peanut storage and transport under anoxia can strongly reduce quality losses.
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- 2022
10. The association of weight, weight variability and socioeconomic situation among children
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Mumm, R, Ipsen, M J, and Hermanussen, M
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- 2016
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11. Volatile characterization : Optimizing GC-MS methods to reveal the chemistry and aroma of savoury food ingredients
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Hall, R.D., Mumm, R., Diez Simon, Carmen, Hall, R.D., Mumm, R., and Diez Simon, Carmen
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Volatiles are the responsible for all the pleasant and unpleasant smells on earth. From the delectable honey-crisp apple smell of a Riesling white wine, to the repulsive rotten odour of manure. They are small molecules that have the ability to travel through air and water, and thus, not only can they make food smell good or bad, but also they serve as signalling molecules both within and between organisms. For instance, plant volatiles attract pollinators and seed dispersers, and provide defence against pests and pathogens. For these reasons, measuring and determining the roles of volatiles is crucial in understanding living systems and reaction processes. In food, volatiles comprise thousands of molecules having highly diverse physicochemical properties, which makes the analysis of these compounds highly challenging. Therefore in this thesis we have focused on developing untargeted analytical techniques that improve and broaden the analysis of the vast array of volatiles present in a sample. More specifically, we investigated the application of metabolomics techniques to analyse the volatiles present in natural savoury food ingredients as these are superior flavourful constituents that are used to enhance the aroma and taste of the food we eat, such as soups and snacks. Moreover, work described in this thesis has also explored the intricate relationship between volatile compounds and the aroma characteristics of these food ingredients. The complexity of flavour perception added to the complex volatile profiles and reactions occurring during food processing is described in this thesis. As volatiles are known to contribute the most to the flavour of food, and metabolomics is now growing in application to processed food, this thesis sets the basis for future research into the exploitation of metabolomics technologies and on flavour perception in processed foods and their ingredients 
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- 2021
12. Metabolomics Reveals Heterogeneity in the Chemical Composition of Green and White Spears of Asparagus
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Pegiou, E., Zhu, Qingrui, Pegios, Paraskevas, de Vos, C.H., Mumm, R., Hall, R.D., Pegiou, E., Zhu, Qingrui, Pegios, Paraskevas, de Vos, C.H., Mumm, R., and Hall, R.D.
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Green and white asparagus are quite different crops but can be harvested from the same plant. They have distinct morphological differences due to their mode of cultivation and they are characterised by having contrasting appearance and flavour. Significant chemical differences are therefore expected. Spears from three varieties of both green and white forms, harvested in two consecutive seasons were analysed using headspace GC-MS and LC-MS with an untargeted metabolomic workflow. Mainly C5 and C8 alcohols and aldehydes, and phenolic compounds were more abundant in green spears, whereas benzenoids, monoterpenes, unsaturated aldehydes and steroidal saponins were more abundant in white ones. Previously reported key asparagus volatiles and non-volatiles were detected at similar or not significantly different levels in the two asparagus types. Spatial metabolomics revealed also that many volatiles with known positive aroma attributes were significantly more abundant in the upper parts of the spears and showed a decreasing trend towards the base. These findings provide valuable insights into the metabolome of raw asparagus, the contrasts between green and white spears as well as the different chemical distributions along the stem.
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- 2021
13. Systematic selection of competing metabolomics methods in a metabolite-sensory relationship study
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Davarzani, N., Diez Simon, C., Grossmann, J.L., Jacobs, Doris M., van Doorn, R., van den Berg, Marco, Smilde, Age K., Mumm, R., Hall, R.D., Westerhuis, Johan A., Davarzani, N., Diez Simon, C., Grossmann, J.L., Jacobs, Doris M., van Doorn, R., van den Berg, Marco, Smilde, Age K., Mumm, R., Hall, R.D., and Westerhuis, Johan A.
- Abstract
Introduction The relationship between the chemical composition of food products and their sensory profile is a complex association confronting many challenges. However, new untargeted methodologies are helping correlate metabolites with sensory characteristics in a simpler manner. Nevertheless, in the pilot phase of a project, where only a small set of products areused to explore the relationships, choices have to be made about the most appropriate untargeted metabolomics methodology.Objective To provide a framework for selecting a metabolite-sensory methodology based on: the quality of measurements, the relevance of the detected metabolites in terms of distinguishing between products or in terms of whether they can be related to the sensory attributes of the products.Methods In this paper we introduce a systematic approach to explore all these different aspects driving the choice for the most appropriate metabolomics method.Results As an example we have used a tomato soup project where the choice between two sampling methods (SPME and SBSE) had to be made. The results are not always consistently pointing to the same method as being the best. SPME was able to detect metabolites with a better precision, SBSE seemed to be able to provide a better distinction between the soups.Conclusion The three levels of comparison provide information on how the methods could perform in a follow up study and will help the researcher to make a final selection for the most appropriate method based on their strengths and weaknesses.
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- 2021
14. Maltodextrin improves physical properties and volatile compound retention of spray-dried asparagus concentrate
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Siccama, J.W., Pegiou, E., Zhang, L., Mumm, R., Hall, R.D., Boom, R.M., Schutyser, M.A.I., Siccama, J.W., Pegiou, E., Zhang, L., Mumm, R., Hall, R.D., Boom, R.M., and Schutyser, M.A.I.
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Traditional hot air drying of asparagus is known to lead to a powder with a poor aroma profile. We here concentrated asparagus juice into asparagus concentrate (21.7% w/w) and spray-dried it with maltodextrin DE12 as carrier agent to improve the volatile profiles of asparagus powder and to valorise fresh asparagus sidestreams.We performed headspace GC-MS with untargeted metabolomics to assess the overall metabolite profile of the spray-dried asparagus powders and identified 70 volatile compounds. The maltodextrin content was positively correlated to the retention of an asparagus key odorant 1-octen-3-ol, as well as other alcohols and aldehydes. Nevertheless, drying conditions had limited effect on the volatile retention of the powders. Moreover, higher outlet temperatures increase the presence of volatiles that were formed during drying, such as 3-methylthio-propanal. From our analyses, it was further found that an increased concentration of maltodextrin was correlated to a lower moisture content, a higher glass transition temperature (Tg) and a narrower size distribution of the spray-dried powders. The Tg of all powders was described with the Gordon-Taylor equation for multicomponent mixtures, and we found a minimum weight fraction of 0.67 (w/dw) maltodextrin required to obtain glassy asparagus powder for storing at ambient conditions.
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- 2021
15. Stir bar sorptive extraction of aroma compounds in soy sauce: Revealing the chemical diversity
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Diez Simon, C., Eichelsheim, C., Jacobs, Doris M., Mumm, R., Hall, R.D., Diez Simon, C., Eichelsheim, C., Jacobs, Doris M., Mumm, R., and Hall, R.D.
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Fermented soy sauce is used worldwide to enhance the flavour of many dishes. Many types of soy sauce are on the market, and their differences are mostly related to the country of origin, the production process applied and the ratio of ingredients used. Consequently, several aromas, tastes, colours, and textures are obtained. Nowadays, soy sauce can also be produced without microorganisms making the process shorter and cheaper. However, flavour may be lost. We have carried out a comprehensive metabolomics analysis of volatile compounds using stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE)-GC–MS to relate differences in volatile content to production history and origin. The results revealed major differences between fermented and non-fermented soy sauces, and a list of volatile compounds is reported as being characteristic of each type. This study was able to relate volatiles to the production process using SBSE-GC–MS and to aroma characteristics using GC-O-MS.
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- 2021
16. Metabolomics of Photosynthetically Active Tissues in White Grapes: Effects of Light Microclimate and Stress Mitigation Strategies
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Martins Garrido, A.R., Engel, J., Mumm, R., Conde, Artur, Cunha, A.A., de Vos, C.H., Martins Garrido, A.R., Engel, J., Mumm, R., Conde, Artur, Cunha, A.A., and de Vos, C.H.
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The effects of climate change are becoming a real concern for the viticulture sector, with impacts on both grapevine physiology and the quality of the fresh berries and wine. Short-term mitigation strategies, like foliar kaolin application and smart irrigation regimes, have been implemented to overcome these problems. We previously showed that these strategies also influence the photosynthetic activity of the berries themselves, specifically in the exocarp and seed. In the present work, we assessed the modulating effects of both canopy-light microclimate, kaolin and irrigation treatments on the metabolic profiles of the exocarp and seed, as well as the potential role of berry photosynthesis herein. Berries from the white variety Alvarinho were collected at two contrasting light microclimate positions within the vine canopy (HL—high light and LL—low light) from both irrigated and kaolin-treated plants, and their respective controls, at three fruit developmental stages (green, véraison and mature). Untargeted liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LCMS) profiling of semi-polar extracts followed by multivariate statistical analysis indicate that both the light microclimate and irrigation influenced the level of a series of phenolic compounds, depending on the ripening stage of the berries. Moreover, untargeted gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GCMS) profiling of polar extracts show that amino acid and sugar levels were influenced mainly by the interaction of irrigation and kaolin treatments. The results reveal that both photosynthetically active berry tissues had a distinct metabolic profile in response to the local light microclimate, which suggests a specific role of photosynthesis in these tissues. A higher light intensity within the canopy mainly increased the supply of carbon precursors to the phenylpropanoid/flavonoid pathway, resulting in increased levels of phenolic compounds in the exocarp, while in seeds, light mostly influenced compounds related to car
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- 2021
17. Metabolomics reveals the within-plant spatial effects of shading on tea plants
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Zhang, Qunfeng, Liu, Meiya, Mumm, R., de Vos, C.H., Ruan, Jianyun, Zhang, Qunfeng, Liu, Meiya, Mumm, R., de Vos, C.H., and Ruan, Jianyun
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It is well known that green tea made from fully developed leaves located at the base of young shoots is of lower quality than that made from the still developing leaves located on the top of the shoot. It has additionally been shown that plant shading can significantly improve green tea quality. Here, we aimed to get more insight into the effects of shading on the overall metabolome in different parts of the tea shoots. To do this, field-grown tea plants were shaded by coverage with either a straw layer or a black net, both blocking the daylight intensity for more than 90%. Both the first (i.e. still developing) leaf and the fourth (i.e. fully developed) leaf, as well as the stem of young shoots were harvested and subjected to complementary untargeted metabolomics approaches, using accurate mass LC-Orbitrap-Fourier transform mass spectrometry (FTMS) for profiling both semi-polar and lipid-soluble compounds and GC-TOF-MS for profiling polar compounds. In total, 1419 metabolites were detected. Shading resulted in a decreased ratio of polyphenols to amino acids (which improves the quality of green tea) and lower levels of galloylated catechins in the shoots. The positive effect of shading on the amino acid/catechin ratio was more pronounced in the fully developed (fourth) than in the developing (first) leaves. Furthermore, many metabolites, especially organic acids, carbohydrates and amino acids, showed differential or opposite responses to the shading treatments between the three shoot tissues investigated, suggesting a within-plant spatial regulation or transport/redistribution of carbon and nitrogen resources between the tissues of the growing young shoots. This work provides new insight into the spatial effects of shading on tea plants, which could further help to increase tea quality by improving cultivation measures for plant shading.
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- 2021
18. A genomics and multi-platform metabolomics approach to identify new traits of rice quality in traditional and improved varieties
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Calingacion, M. N., Boualaphanh, C., Daygon, V. D., Anacleto, R., Sackville Hamilton, R., Biais, B., Deborde, C., Maucourt, M., Moing, A., Mumm, R., de Vos, R. C. H., Erban, A., Kopka, J., Hansen, T. H., Laursen, K. H., Schjoerring, J. K., Hall, R. D., and Fitzgerald, M. A.
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- 2012
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19. The role and basics of computer simulation in support of critical decisions in plant breeding
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Sun, X., Peng, T., and Mumm, R. H.
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- 2011
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20. Developing differential height, weight and body mass index references for girls that reflect the impact of the menarche
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Mumm, R, Scheffler, C, and Hermanussen, M
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- 2014
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21. unclassified Streptomyces ATP synthase beta subunit (atpD) gene, partial cds
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Cordovez da Cunha, V., Carrion Bravo, V.J., Etalo, D.W., Mumm, R., Zhu, H., van Wezel, G.P., Raaijmakers, J.M., Cordovez da Cunha, V., Carrion Bravo, V.J., Etalo, D.W., Mumm, R., Zhu, H., van Wezel, G.P., and Raaijmakers, J.M.
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- 2020
22. Chemical and sensory characteristics of soy sauce: a review
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Diez-Simon, C., Eichelsheim, C., Mumm, R., Hall, R.D., Diez-Simon, C., Eichelsheim, C., Mumm, R., and Hall, R.D.
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Soy sauce is a fermented product, and its flavor is a complex mixture of individual senses which, in combination,create a strong palatable condiment for many Eastern and Western dishes. This Review focuses on our existing knowledge of the chemical compounds present in soy sauce and their potential relevance to the flavor profile. Taste is dominated by umami and salty sensations. Free amino acids, nucleotides, and small peptides are among the most important taste-active compounds. Aroma is characterized by caramel-like, floral, smoky, malty, and cooked potato-like odors. Aroma-active volatiles are chemically diverse including acids, alcohols, aldehydes, esters, furanones, pyrazines, and S-compounds. The origin of all compounds relates to both the raw ingredients and starter cultures used as well as the parameters applied during production. We are only just starting to help develop innovative studies where we can combine different analytical platforms and chemometric analysis to link flavor attributes to chemical composition.
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- 2020
23. Green and White Asparagus (Asparagus officinalis): A Source of Developmental, Chemical and Urinary Intrigue
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Pegiou, Irini, Mumm, R., Acharya, Parag, de Vos, C.H., Hall, R.D., Pegiou, Irini, Mumm, R., Acharya, Parag, de Vos, C.H., and Hall, R.D.
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Asparagus (Asparagus officinalis) is one of the world’s top 20 vegetable crops. Both green and white shoots (spears) are produced; the latter being harvested before becoming exposed to light. The crop is grown in nearly all areas of the world, with the largest production regions being China, Western Europe, North America and Peru. Successful production demands high farmer input and specific environmental conditions and cultivation practices. Asparagus materials have also been used for centuries as herbal medicine. Despite this widespread cultivation and consumption, we still know relatively little about the biochemistry of this crop and how this relates to the nutritional, flavour, and neutra-pharmaceutical properties of the materials used. To date, no-one has directly compared the contrasting compositions of the green and white crops. In this short review, we have summarised most of the literature to illustrate the chemical richness of the crop and how this might relate to key quality parameters. Asparagus has excellent nutritional properties and its flavour/fragrance is attributed to a set of volatile components including pyrazines and sulphur-containing compounds. More detailed research, however, is needed and we propose that (untargeted) metabolomics should have a more prominent role to play in these investigations.
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- 2020
24. Comparative Metabolomics and Molecular Phylogenetics of Melon (Cucumis melo, Cucurbitaceae) Biodiversity
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Moing, Annick, Allwood, J.W., Aharoni, Asaph, Baker, John, Beale, M.H., Ben-Dor, Shifra, Biais, B., Brigante, Federico, Burger, Yosef, Deborde, C., Erban, A., Faigenboim, Adi, Gur, Amit, Goodacre, R., Hansen, T., Jacob, Daniel, Katzir, Nurit, Kopka, Joachim, Lewinsohn, Efraim, Maucourt, Mickael, Meir, Sagit, Miller, Sonia, Mumm, R., Oren, Elad, Paris, Harry S., Rogachev, Ilana, Rolin, Dominique, Saar, Uzi, Schjoerring, Jan K., Tadmor, Y., Tzuri, Galil, de Vos, C.H., Ward, J., Yeselson, Elena, Hall, R.D., Schaffer, A., Moing, Annick, Allwood, J.W., Aharoni, Asaph, Baker, John, Beale, M.H., Ben-Dor, Shifra, Biais, B., Brigante, Federico, Burger, Yosef, Deborde, C., Erban, A., Faigenboim, Adi, Gur, Amit, Goodacre, R., Hansen, T., Jacob, Daniel, Katzir, Nurit, Kopka, Joachim, Lewinsohn, Efraim, Maucourt, Mickael, Meir, Sagit, Miller, Sonia, Mumm, R., Oren, Elad, Paris, Harry S., Rogachev, Ilana, Rolin, Dominique, Saar, Uzi, Schjoerring, Jan K., Tadmor, Y., Tzuri, Galil, de Vos, C.H., Ward, J., Yeselson, Elena, Hall, R.D., and Schaffer, A.
- Abstract
The broad variability of Cucumis melo (melon, Cucurbitaceae) presents a challenge to conventional classification and organization within the species. To shed further light on the infraspecific relationships within C. melo, we compared genotypic and metabolomic similarities among 44 accessions representative of most of the cultivar-groups. Genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) providedover 20,000 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Metabolomics data of the mature fruit flesh and rind provided over 80,000 metabolomic and elemental features via an orchestra of six complementary metabolomic platforms. These technologies probed polar, semi-polar, and non-polar metabolitefractions as well as a set of mineral elements and included both flavor- and taste-relevant volatile and non-volatile metabolites. Together these results enabled an estimate of “metabolomic/elemental distance” and its correlation with the genetic GBS distance of melon accessions. This study indicatesthat extensive and non-targeted metabolomics/elemental characterization produced classifications that strongly, but not completely, reflect the current and extensive genetic classification. Certain melon Groups, such as Inodorous, clustered in parallel with the genetic classifications while other genometo metabolome/element associations proved less clear. We suggest that the combined genomic, metabolic, and element data reflect the extensive sexual compatibility among melon accessions and the breeding history that has, for example, targeted metabolic quality traits, such as taste and flavor.
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- 2020
25. Natural variation in specialised metabolites production in the leafy vegetable spider plant (Gynandropsis gynandra L. (Briq.)) in Africa and Asia
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Sogbohossou, E.O.D., Achigan-Dako, Enoch G., Mumm, R., de Vos, C.H., Schranz, M.E., Sogbohossou, E.O.D., Achigan-Dako, Enoch G., Mumm, R., de Vos, C.H., and Schranz, M.E.
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The improvement and promotion of leafy vegetables, used for both food and medicine, benefits greatly from detailed knowledge of their health-promoting specialised metabolites. In the present study, we investigated the global metabolite variation in the leaves of 48 accessions of the leafy vegetable Gynandropsis gynandra using two complementary analytical platforms: liquid-chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) for an untargeted comparison of non-volatile semi-polar metabolites and gas-chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for an untargeted comparison of volatile metabolites. Our results revealed large variation in 936 semi-polar compounds including flavonoids, terpene glycosides, glucosinolates and various phenolic compounds. Unsupervised multivariate analysis indicated the variation in levels of the semi-polar metabolites was mainly driven by geography, with accessions from both West Africa and Asia forming a group clearly separated from East African accessions.Detected volatile metabolites included various sesquiterpenes, aldehydes, ketones, and sulphur-containing isothiocyanates.Variation in these compounds was however not geographically specific, but most likely linked to the taste and aroma of the leaves. The relative abundance in glucosinolates and isothiocyanates in the leaves allowed the clustering of accessions into two main groups that could be used for further plant-herbivore interaction studies. This study revealed both the broad spectrum of phytochemicals present in Gynandropsis gynandra leaves and the substantial variation in metabolite profiles among accessions from different regions of the world.Our results provide a basis for the development of breeding programs aiming at improving the levels of specialisedmetabolites in this tropical leafy vegetable for increased resistance against pests and diseases and improved human health.
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- 2020
26. Characterization of Male-Produced Aggregation Pheromone of the Bean Flower Thrips Megalurothrips sjostedti (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)
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Niassy, S., Tamiru, A., Hamilton, J.G.C., Kirk, W.D.J., Mumm, R., Sims, C., de Kogel, W.J., Ekesi, S., Maniania, N.K., Bandi, K., Mitchell, F., Subramanian, S., Niassy, S., Tamiru, A., Hamilton, J.G.C., Kirk, W.D.J., Mumm, R., Sims, C., de Kogel, W.J., Ekesi, S., Maniania, N.K., Bandi, K., Mitchell, F., and Subramanian, S.
- Abstract
Aggregation of the bean flower thrips, Megalurothrips sjostedti (Trybom) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), has been observed on cowpea, Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. To understand the mechanism underpinning this behavior, we studied the responses of M. sjostedti to headspace volatiles from conspecifics in a four-arm olfactometer. Both male and female M. sjostedti were attracted to male, but not to female odor. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analyses revealed the presence of two distinct compounds in male M. sjostedti headspace, namely (R)-lavandulyl 3-methylbutanoate (major compound) and (R)-lavandulol (minor compound); by contrast, both compounds were only present in trace amounts in female headspace collections. A behavioral assay using synthetic compounds showed that male M. sjostedti was attracted to both (R)-lavandulyl 3-methylbutanoate and (R)-lavandulol, while females responded only to (R)-lavandulyl 3-methylbutanoate. This is the first report of a male-produced aggregation pheromone in the genus Megalurothrips. The bean flower thrips is the primary pest of cowpea, which is widely grown in sub-Saharan Africa. The attraction of male and female M. sjostedti to these compounds offers an opportunity to develop ecologically sustainable management methods for M. sjostedti in Africa.
- Published
- 2019
27. Searching attractants for the detection of potato Epitrix species
- Author
-
Boavida, Conceicao, Santos, Marcia, Schuurman-de Bruin, A., Mumm, R., Barreto da Costa, Goncalo, Booij, C.J.H., Boavida, Conceicao, Santos, Marcia, Schuurman-de Bruin, A., Mumm, R., Barreto da Costa, Goncalo, and Booij, C.J.H.
- Abstract
In order to identify volatile organic compounds (VOCs) attractive to Epitrix spp. adults, field and laboratory experiments were carried out in sequence. In the field, black nightshade potted plants attracted significantly more Epitrix spp. adults than potato, aubergine, tomato and common lambsquarters. Following this result, headspace samples were collected from non-infested and from E. papa infested plants of potato, aubergine and black nightshade. VOC profiling by GC-MS analysis identified potential attractants which were tested as single compounds or as a mixture in a field experiment (1,3-butanediol, Z3-6:Ac/Linalool (1:1), (E)-β-farnesene and a blank control). Traps baited with Z3-6:Ac/ Linalool (1:1) attracted significantly more E. papa and E. cucumeris adults than the control. To find synergist substances to improve the attractiveness of this mixture, the choice of individual E. papa adults between this mixture alone or combined with several other plant VOCs, was sequentially tested in a Y-tube olfactometer. Adding (E)-β-ocimene to Z3-6:Ac/Linalool (1:3) increased the attractiveness of the mixture. This result was verified in two field experiments. The results were promising and encourage more research.
- Published
- 2019
28. Characterization of Male-Produced Aggregation Pheromone of the Bean Flower Thrips Megalurothrips sjostedti (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)
- Author
-
Niassy, Saliou, Tamiru, Amanuel, Hamilton, James G.C., Kirk, William D.J., Mumm, R., Sims, Cassie, de Kogel, W.J., Ekesi, Sunday, Maniania, N.K., Bandi, Krishnakumari, Mitchell, Fraser, Subramanian, Sevgan, Niassy, Saliou, Tamiru, Amanuel, Hamilton, James G.C., Kirk, William D.J., Mumm, R., Sims, Cassie, de Kogel, W.J., Ekesi, Sunday, Maniania, N.K., Bandi, Krishnakumari, Mitchell, Fraser, and Subramanian, Sevgan
- Abstract
Aggregation of the bean flower thrips, Megalurothrips sjostedti (Trybom) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), has been observed on cowpea, Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. To understand the mechanism underpinning this behavior, we studiedthe responses of M. sjostedti to headspace volatiles from conspecifics in a four-arm olfactometer. Both male and female M. sjostedti were attracted to male, but not to female odor. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analyses revealed the presence of two distinct compounds in male M. sjostedti headspace, namely (R)-lavandulyl 3-methylbutanoate (major compound) and (R)-lavandulol (minor compound); by contrast, both compounds were only present in trace amounts in female headspace collections. A behavioral assay using synthetic compounds showed that male M. sjostedti was attracted to both (R)-lavandulyl 3-methylbutanoate and (R)-lavandulol, while females responded only to (R)-lavandulyl 3-methylbutanoate. This is the first report of a male-produced aggregation pheromone in the genus Megalurothrips. The bean flower thrips is the primary pest of cowpea, which is widely grown in sub-Saharan Africa. The attraction of male and female M. sjostedti to these compounds offers an opportunity to develop ecologically sustainable management methods for M. sjostedti in Africa.
- Published
- 2019
29. Choosing plant cultivars based on the probability of outperforming a check
- Author
-
Eskridge, K. M. and Mumm, R. F.
- Published
- 1992
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Growth and social environment. Proceedings of the 25th Aschauer Soiree, held at Krobielowice, Poland, November 18th 2017
- Author
-
Koziel, Slawomir, Scheffler, C., Tutkuviene, J., Jakimaviciene, E. M., Mumm, R., Barbieri, D., Godina, E., El-Shabrawi, M., Elhusseini, M., Musalek, M., Pruszkowska-Przybylska, P., El Dash, H. H., Safar, H. H., Lehmann, A., Swanson, J., Bogin, B., Liu, Y. -C., Groth, D., Kirchengast, S., Siniarska, A., Nieczuja-Dwojacka, J., Kralik, M., Satake, T., Hanc, T., Roelants, M., and Hermanussen, M.
- Subjects
Body height ,Social environment ,Community effects on growth ,Body height, Community effects on growth, Competitive growth, Social environment, Strategic growth adjustment ,Strategic growth adjustment ,NO ,Competitive growth - Published
- 2018
31. Elucidation of the role of volatile compounds in the chemical communication of the hop flea beetle Psylliodes attenuatus
- Author
-
Mumm, R., van Tol, R.W.H.M., and Weihrauch, Florian
- Subjects
Biointeractions and Plant Health ,fungi ,BIOS Applied Metabolic Systems ,food and beverages ,Life Science - Abstract
The hop flea beetle Psylliodes attenuatus is an emerging pest in hop. In spring the overwintering adults can damage the leaves while in summer the next adult generation can cause severe damage on the cones resulting in a loss of yield. Currently, no biological management of this pest is available causing challenges particularly in organic hops. In this study we aimed to elucidate volatile organic compounds produced specifically by the beetles or by the host plants and may be exploited for trapping beetles in the field. Analyses of the headspace of infested hop resulted in a number of candidate volatile compounds that might be produced by the beetles. Some of these candidate compounds are biochemically related to male specific aggregation pheromones of other flea beetle species.Key words. Pheromone, kairomone, headspace analysis, gas chromatography
- Published
- 2017
32. Plant phenotypic and transcriptional changes induced by volatiles from the fungal root pathogen Rhizoctonia solani
- Author
-
Cordovez, V., Mommer, Liesje, Moisan, K., Lucas-Barbosa, D., Pierik, R., Mumm, R., Carrion, V.J., Raaijmakers, J.M., Cordovez, V., Mommer, Liesje, Moisan, K., Lucas-Barbosa, D., Pierik, R., Mumm, R., Carrion, V.J., and Raaijmakers, J.M.
- Abstract
Beneficial soil microorganisms can affect plant growth and resistance by the production of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Yet, little is known on how VOCs from soil-borne plant pathogens affect plant growth and resistance. Here we show that VOCs released from mycelium and sclerotia of the fungal root pathogen Rhizoctonia solani enhance growth and accelerate development of Arabidopsis thaliana. Seedlings briefly exposed to the fungal VOCs showed similar phenotypes, suggesting that enhanced biomass and accelerated development are primed already at early developmental stages. Fungal VOCs did not affect plant resistance to infection by the VOC-producing pathogen itself but reduced aboveground resistance to the herbivore Mamestra brassicae. Transcriptomics of A. thaliana revealed that genes involved in auxin signaling were up-regulated, whereas ethylene and jasmonic acid signaling pathways were down-regulated by fungal VOCs. Mutants disrupted in these pathways showed similar VOC-mediated growth responses as the wild-type A. thaliana, suggesting that other yet unknown pathways play a more prominent role. We postulate that R. solani uses VOCs to predispose plants for infection from a distance by altering root architecture and enhancing root biomass. Alternatively, plants may use enhanced root growth upon fungal VOC perception to sacrifice part of the root biomass and accelerate development and reproduction to survive infection.
- Published
- 2017
33. Quantitative resistance against Bemisia tabaci in Solanum pennellii: Genetics and metabolomics
- Author
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van den Elsen, F.H.W., Lucatti, A.F., van Heusden, A.W., Broekgaarden, C., Mumm, R., Dicke, M., and Vosman, B.
- Subjects
PBR Non host and insect resistance ,PBR Breeding for Quality ,fungi ,food and beverages ,Laboratorium voor Entomologie ,Genetic linkage map ,Whitefly ,Tomato ,Plant Breeding ,Laboratorium voor Plantenveredeling ,Metabolic fingerprinting ,Parameters ,BIOS Applied Metabolic Systems ,Life-history ,Laboratory of Entomology ,PBR Non host en Insectenresistentie - Abstract
The whitefly Bemisia tabaci is a serious threat in tomato cultivation worldwide as all varieties grown today are highly susceptible to this devastating herbivorous insect. Many accessions of the tomato wild relative Solanum pennellii show a high resistance towards B. tabaci. A mapping approach was used to elucidate the genetic background of whitefly-resistance related traits and associated biochemical traits in this species. Minor quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for whitefly adult survival (AS) and oviposition rate (OR) were identified and some were confirmed in an F2BC1 population, where they showed increased percentages of explained variance (more than 30%). Bulked segregant analyses on pools of whitefly-resistant and -susceptible F2 plants enabled the identification of metabolites that correlate either with resistance or susceptibility. Genetic mapping of these metabolites showed that a large number of them co-localize with whitefly-resistance QTLs. Some of these whitefly-resistance QTLs are hotspots for metabolite QTLs. Although a large number of metabolite QTLs correlated to whitefly resistance or susceptibility, most of them are yet unknown compounds and further studies are needed to identify the metabolic pathways and genes involved. The results indicate a direct genetic correlation between biochemical-based resistance characteristics and reduced whitefly incidence in S. pennellii.
- Published
- 2016
34. Metabolites contributing to taste in Agaricus bisporus
- Author
-
Baars, J.J.P., Sonnenberg, A.S.M., Mumm, R., Stijger, I., and Wehrens, H.R.M.J.
- Subjects
WUR GTB Gewasgezondheid ,PBR Mushroom research ,taste panels ,PE&RC ,paddestoelen ,smaakpanels ,Wiskundige en Statistische Methoden - Biometris ,mushrooms ,agaricus bisporus ,PBR Paddenstoelen ,edible fungi ,taste ,Biometris ,postharvest quality ,eetbare paddestoelen ,BIOS Applied Metabolic Systems ,kwaliteit na de oogst ,Mathematical and Statistical Methods - Biometris ,smaak ,metabolites ,metabolieten - Abstract
During the last 35 years, hardly any breeding has been done in the button mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus). The fact that no new varieties are generated directed to trends in the food market has caused a slowly decrease in mushroom consumption in the Netherlands and in Europe. The hurdles for generating new varieties are difficulties in breeding and protection of new varieties. These hurdles are now nearly tackled and it is time to generate new varieties. One issue that has never been addressed is taste. The collection of Plant Breeding Wageningen UR contains a large number of strains of the button mushroom with a large genetic variation. In previous research this collection has been genotyped and a small selection of genetically different strains has been made. In 2014 these strains were cultivated along two different methods that were likely to cause differences in taste. Atempts were made to link the results from the taste panel to the metabolite concentrations. Even though it is a relatively small dataset, some correlations can be found for the taste attributes Firmness, Gummi and Boiled Egg and for the metabolites Alanine, Arginine and Proline.
- Published
- 2016
35. Proceedings of the 22nd Aschauer Soiree on Growth and Health Screening, held at Altenhof, Germany, November 15th, 2014
- Author
-
Hermanussen, M., Anisimova, A., Abmann, C., Buuren, S. van, Camara, A.D., Elhusseini, M.A., Hassan, M., El-Shabrawi, M.H., Godina, E.Z., Gomula, A., Groth, D., Koziel, S., Lieberman, L.S., Meigen, C., Mumm, R., Nariyama, K., Nowak-Szczepanska, N., Novokmet, N, Satake, T., Scheffler, C., Soderhall, J., Suchomlinov, A., Tutkuviene, J., Wit, J.M., Witwer-Backofen, U., and Yestrebsky, C.L.
- Subjects
Life ,Health ,CH - Child Health ,ELSS - Earth, Life and Social Sciences ,Healthy for Life ,Healthy Living - Abstract
Twenty-five scientists met at Aschauhof, Altenhof, Germany, to discuss various aspects of the complex network of modern health screening, focusing on current scientific topics including medical sciences, human biology, and mathematics; on problems in implementing these results at the practical level of physicians, nurses, technicians, and engineers; and the level of administrative and political decisions. Whereas major scientific advancements have been published in the understanding and the bio-statistical evaluation of anthropometric screening parameters such as serial measurements of height and weight for preventive medical check-ups, BMI screening and surveillance in schools, etc., the implementation of these advancements into current health screening concepts, strategies and decision-making is poor. Fear of discrimination, misperception of body image, behavioural responses and political concerns, meanwhile dominate and negatively interfere with the implementation of recent scientific results into public health screening concepts and practices.
- Published
- 2015
36. Detectie en bestrijding van wol- en schildluis in de sierteelt onder glas
- Author
-
Messelink, G.J., Leman, A., Vijverberg, R., Kruidhof, H.M., Woning, J., de Bruin, A., Mumm, R., and de Kogel, W.J.
- Subjects
GTB Gewasgez. Bodem en Water ,detection ,plant pests ,plantenplagen ,landbouwkundig onderzoek ,agricultural research ,planococcus citri ,greenhouse vegetables ,Bioint Diagnostics, Food Safety & Phyt. Research ,methodologie ,greenhouse horticulture ,WUR GTB Gewasgezondheid ,detectie ,ornamental horticulture ,fungi ,Entomology & Disease Management ,food and beverages ,methodology ,sierteelt ,control methods ,biological control agents ,glasgroenten ,glastuinbouw ,BIOS Applied Metabolic Systems ,bestrijdingsmethoden ,organismen ingezet bij biologische bestrijding - Abstract
Mealybugs and armoured scales are major pest species in ornamental crops in greenhouses. The first part of this report focuses on mealybug detection. The research presented here builds on previous study in which it was shown on laboratory scale that the odour profile released by plants after damage by mealybugs differs from the odour profile released by undamaged plants and plants that suffer from spider mite or mechanical damage. In the present study the change of several compounds in response to mealybug infection was shown to depend on a number of different factors: the growth stage of the plant (flowering/non-flowering), the time of the day sampling took place, the mealybug density and the duration of the mealybug infection. Although in each of the laboratory experiments several plant volatiles were found to significantly differ between mealybug-infested plants and control plants, so far no candidate indicator-volatiles have been found that always reacted significantly and in the same manner to a mealybug infection. The screening of new pesticides showed one pesticide to be effective against both the citrus mealybug Planococcus citri and the rose scale Aulacapsis rosae. Several isolates of entomopathogenic fungi were able to infect mealybugs in the laboratory, but results obtained in the greenhouse were disappointing. Lacewing larvae of the species Chrysoperla lucasina were able to control mealybugs when released repeatedly. The addition of Ephestia eggs disrupted this control in some cases. Wol-, en schildluis zijn een toenemend probleem in de sierteelt onder glas. Niet alleen het aantal bedrijven met besmetting neemt toe, ook de bestrijding wordt steeds moeilijker. In dit rapport wordt verslag gedaan van verschillende onderzoeksactiviteiten die gericht waren op de bestrijding en detectie van wol- en schildluis. Al het onderzoek met wolluis is uitgevoerd met de citruswolluis Planococcus citri. De experimenten met schildluis zijn uitgevoerd met de rozenschildluis Aulacapsis rosae.
- Published
- 2015
37. Environment/Tool Integrator for Software Development. Version 1.1
- Author
-
Tran, N. T., primary and Mumm, R. H., primary
- Published
- 1992
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Extensibility Experiments with the Software Life-Cycle Support Environment
- Author
-
Parker, S. A., primary and Mumm, R. H., primary
- Published
- 1991
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. The predatory legs of Philonthus marginatus (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae): functional morphology and tarsal ultrastructure
- Author
-
BETZ, O. and MUMM, R.
- Subjects
Zoological research -- Analysis ,Beetles -- Physiological aspects ,Morphology -- Research ,Zoology and wildlife conservation - Abstract
Within the Coleoptera, no predatory legs have become known thus far. However, within the staphylinid genus Philonthus representatives of the subgenus Onychophilonthus are distinct from other subgenera by the structure of their prolegs: both sexes have elongated coxae and enlarged tarsomeres I-IV. The claws can be bent downward to a large extent, thus almost setting against the ventral side of tarsomere V. We present the results of (a) behavioural observations concerning predatory performance, (b) motion analysis of the predatory strike, and (c) morphological examinations of the prolegs by light, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. These examinations were aimed to develop a functional model of this advanced prey capture mechanism. The predatory behavior of these beetles can be subdivided in three parts: (a) attempting an ambush, (b) predatory strike, and (c) formation of a catching basket. The mean total duration of the strike from the onset of the proleg till the first prey contact amounts to 31.6 ms. The movements of the prolegs during the strike can be subdivided in three components: (1) upward swing, (2) downward strike, (3) withdrawal. The structure of the coxo-trochanteral articulation and the high speed of the downward strike (7 ms) suggest a pre-stress mechanism, consisting of the co-contraction of the trochanterofemoral flexor and levator muscles. In addition, a coxal projection that fits into a trochanteral groove when the leg is flexed, serves as a cuticular supporting structure. The ultrastructure of the protarsi I-III demonstrates the rich development of epidermal glands, which probably produce an adhesive secretion. By this means, under mediation of tarsal adhesive setae, the prey can be fixed at the moment of contact, thus enabling the beetles to capture even fast-fleeing prey such as springtails.
- Published
- 2000
40. BMD/ADA Bit-Oriented Message Definer: A Tool to Define Bit-Oriented Messages in Ada
- Author
-
Mumm, R. H., primary and Parker, S. A., primary
- Published
- 1990
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Adolescent growth:Genes, hormones and the peer group. Proceedings of the 20th aschauer Soiree, held at Glücksburg Castle, Germany, 15th to 17th November 2013
- Author
-
Hermanussen, M., Meitinger, T., Veldhuis, J. D., Low, M. J., Pfäffle, R., Staub, K., Panczak, R., Groth, D., Brabec, M., Von Salisch, M., Loh, C. P.A., Tassenaar, V., Scheffler, C., Mumm, R., Godina, E., Lehmann, A., Tutkuviene, J., Gervickaite, S., Nierop, A. F.M., Holmgren, A., Aßmann, C., Van Buuren, S., Koziel, S., Zadzińska, E., Varela-Silva, I., Vignerová, J., Salama, E., El-Shabrawi, M., Huijic, A., Satake, T., and Bogin, B.
- Subjects
Body height ,Community effect ,Adolescent growth ,Psychology ,Growth hormone ,Peer group - Abstract
The association between poverty, malnutrition, illness and poor socioeconomic conditions on the one side, and poor growth and short adult stature on the other side, is well recognized. Yet, the simple assumption by implication that poor growth and short stature result from poor living conditions, should be questioned. Recent evidence on the impact of the social network on adolescent growth and adult height further challenges the traditional concept of growth being a mirror of health. Twenty-nine scientists met at Glücksburg castle, Northern Germany, November 15th - 17th 2013, to discuss genetic, endocrine, mathematical and psychological aspects and related issues, of child and adolescent growth and final height.
- Published
- 2014
42. unclassified Streptomyces recombinase A (recA) gene, partial cds
- Author
-
Cordovez da Cunha, V., Carrion Bravo, V.J., Etalo, D.W., Mumm, R., Zhu, H., van Wezel, G.P., Raaijmakers, J.M., Cordovez da Cunha, V., Carrion Bravo, V.J., Etalo, D.W., Mumm, R., Zhu, H., van Wezel, G.P., and Raaijmakers, J.M.
- Published
- 2015
43. unclassified Streptomyces 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence
- Author
-
Cordovez da Cunha, V., Carrion Bravo, V.J., Etalo, D.W., Mumm, R., Zhu, H., van Wezel, G.P., Raaijmakers, J.M., Cordovez da Cunha, V., Carrion Bravo, V.J., Etalo, D.W., Mumm, R., Zhu, H., van Wezel, G.P., and Raaijmakers, J.M.
- Published
- 2015
44. Delving deeper into technological innovations to understand differences in rice quality
- Author
-
Calingacion, M.N., Fang, L., Quiatchon-Baeza, L., Mumm, R., Riedel, A., Hall, R.D., Fitzgerald, M.A., Calingacion, M.N., Fang, L., Quiatchon-Baeza, L., Mumm, R., Riedel, A., Hall, R.D., and Fitzgerald, M.A.
- Abstract
Increasing demand for better quality rice varieties, which are also more suited to growth under sub-optimal cultivation conditions, is driving innovation in rice research. Here we have used a multi-disciplinary approach, involving SNP-based genotyping together with phenotyping based on yield analysis, metabolomic analysis of grain volatiles, and sensory panel analysis to determine differences between two contrasting rice varieties, Apo and IR64. Plants were grown under standard and drought-induced conditions. Results revealed important differences between the volatile profiles of the two rice varieties and we relate these differences to those perceived by the sensory panel. Apo, which is the more drought tolerant variety, was less affected by the drought condition concerning both sensory profile and yield; IR64, which has higher quality but is drought sensitive, showed greater differences in these characteristics in response to the two growth conditions. Metabolomics analyses using GCxGC-MS, followed by multivariate statistical analyses of the data, revealed a number of discriminatory compounds between the varieties, but also effects of the difference in cultivation conditions. Results indicate the complexity of rice volatile profile, even of non-aromatic varieties, and how metabolomics can be used to help link changes in aroma profile with the sensory phenotype. Our outcomes also suggest valuable multi-disciplinary approaches which can be used to help define the aroma profile in rice, and its underlying genetic background, in order to support breeders in the generation of improved rice varieties combining high yield with high quality, and tolerance of both these traits to climate change.
- Published
- 2015
45. Diversity and functions of volatile organic compounds produced by Streptomyces from a disease-suppressive soil
- Author
-
Cordovez da Cunha, V., Carrion Bravo, V.J., Etalo, D.W., Mumm, R., Zhu, H., van Wezel, G.P., Raaijmakers, J.M., Cordovez da Cunha, V., Carrion Bravo, V.J., Etalo, D.W., Mumm, R., Zhu, H., van Wezel, G.P., and Raaijmakers, J.M.
- Abstract
In disease-suppressive soils, plants are protected from infections by specific root pathogens due to the antagonistic activities of soil and rhizosphere microorganisms. For most disease-suppressive soils, however, the microorganisms and mechanisms involved in pathogen control are largely unknown. Our recent studies identified Actinobacteria as the most dynamic phylum in a soil suppressive to the fungal root pathogen Rhizoctonia solani. Here we isolated and characterized 300 isolates of rhizospheric Actinobacteria from the Rhizoctonia-suppressive soil. Streptomyces species were the most abundant, representing approximately 70% of the isolates. Streptomyces are renowned for the production of an exceptionally large number of secondary metabolites, including volatile organic compounds (VOCs). VOC profiling of 12 representative Streptomyces isolates by SPME-GC-MS allowed a more refined phylogenetic delineation of the Streptomyces isolates than the sequencing of 16S rRNA and the house-keeping genes atpD and recA only. VOCs of several Streptomyces isolates inhibited hyphal growth of R. solani and significantly enhanced plant shoot and root biomass. Coupling of Streptomyces VOC profiles with their effects on fungal growth, pointed to VOCs potentially involved in antifungal activity. Subsequent assays with five synthetic analogs of the identified VOCs showed that methyl 2-methylpentanoate, 1,3,5-trichloro-2-methoxy benzene and the VOCs mixture have antifungal activity. In conclusion, our results point to a potential role of VOC-producing Streptomyces in disease suppressive soils and show that VOC profiling of rhizospheric Streptomyces can be used as a complementary identification tool to construct strain-specific metabolic signatures
- Published
- 2015
46. Geurdetectie als middel om wolluishaarden op te sporen
- Author
-
Kogel, W.J. de, Bruin, A. de, Mumm, R., Davies, J., Woning, J., Kruidhof, M., Messelink, G., Kogel, W.J. de, Bruin, A. de, Mumm, R., Davies, J., Woning, J., Kruidhof, M., and Messelink, G.
- Abstract
Produceren planten die door wolluis zijn aangetast andere geuren dan onaangetaste planten? Als er verschillen in geur kunnen worden aangetoond is de eerste stap gezet. Presentatie van PlantgezondheidEvent 12 maart 2015.
- Published
- 2015
47. Glandular hair densities in three perennial Medicago species
- Author
-
Danielson, S. D., Mumm, R. F., Manglitz, G. R., and Sorensen, E. L.
- Published
- 1989
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Influence of hepatic cirrhosis and end-stage renal disease on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of furosemide
- Author
-
Keller, E., Hoppe-Seyler, G., Mumm, R., and Schollmeyer, P.
- Published
- 1981
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Heterosis among populations of maize (Zea mays L.) with different levels of exotic germplasm
- Author
-
Crossa, J., Gardner, C. O., and Mumm, R. F.
- Published
- 1987
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Detection of Trichoderma aggressivum Green Mould During Spawn-run
- Author
-
Baars, J.J.P., Rutjens, A.J., and Mumm, R.
- Subjects
Plant Breeding ,BIOS Applied Metabolic Systems ,Life Science - Published
- 2012
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