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To evaluate the cardioprotective potential of hydroalcoholic leaf extract of Citrullus colocynthis against doxorubicin-induced myocardial ischemia in rats. Animals were divided into 5-groups each group consisting eight rats. Group-1 was given saline for 2 weeks and on 11th day DOX 18mg/kg was given intraperitoneally. Group-2, Group-3, Group-4 rats pre-treated orally with the leaf extract of C. colocynthis 250mg/kg, 500mg/kg, 750mg/kg respectively for 14 successive days and on 11th-day DOX was inoculated, while group-5 was used as positive control and was given dexrazoxane 180mg/kg after 30 min DOX was given. The levels of CK-MB, LDH, troponin-I, AST, CRP, ALT, and ALP were estimated in all5-groups and compared. Histopathology was conducted to examine the status of cardio myocytes. Pretreatment of rats with leaf extract had a cardio protective effect and significantly reduces the biochemical parameters against doxorubicin-induced myocardial damage in dose-dependent manner. The cardiac tissues showed marked improvement in extract treated groups as compared to doxorubicin treated group. This research indicates that the hydro alcoholic leaf extract of C. colocynthis have exceptional cardio protective potential as compared to toxicity induced by DOX. As a result, it could be used as an alternative medicine for the treatment of cardiovascular disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

SSTIs (Skin and soft tissue infections) are the most commonly occurring infections among all age groups. This study aimed to create an herbal emulgel for the treatment of bacterial skin infections as many bacteria have developed strong resistance against antibiotics. Spilanthe acmella plant extract contains spilanthol which has strong antibacterial properties. Methanolic S. acmella extract-based emulgels being promising drug delivery systems have been evaluated for various parameters like physical characteristics, viscosity, pH, spreading coefficient, Bioadhesive strength determination, Extrudability, antioxidant and antibacterial activity. 200µg/100µl exhibited the highest antioxidative activity 60.01±0.28% radical scavenging activity. MIC values of pure extract found in the range of 0.83±0.21 to 1.66±0.41µg/100µl, MBC values found in the range of 1.66±0.41 to 3.33±0.83µg/100µl for all strains of bacteria. Statistically significant antibacterial activity of all extract containing emulgels was observed against S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, E. Coli p-value = 0.00, while maximum antibacterial effect all formulations have produaced zone of inhibitions against E. Coli p-value = 0.00. The current study thus suggests the use of S. acmella extract-based emulgel for the treatment of bacterial skin infections caused by S. aureus, P. aeruginosa and E. coli. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research work on cervical cytology moved on a speed in 1920 after discovery of pap smear screening by Papanicolaou. Cervical carcinoma, the 2nd most common cancer worldwide in women, is found in all countries perspective of weather developed, under-developed or developing. Most women with cervical cancer and advanced disease result in low cure rates. Among different risk factors of cervical carcinoma, the major ones include low socio economic and high parity status. Approximately two Lacs deaths occur per year due to cervical cancer accounting for 8.5% of all deaths in cancerous women worldwide. Majority of deaths can be prevented by screening program and training the patients when the disease is pre-invasive. A remarkable fall in mortality has been observed in regions where a comprehensive screening for CIN has been carried out. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Crude aqueous bark extract of Cinnamon loureiroi. was evaluated for counter irritant activity. Irritation was induced by the clockwise frictional movement of fine sand paper to the ear of rabbits of average 1.5 kg body weight. The counter-irritant activity was determined by calculating the mean decrease in redness and erythma with those of control. cinnamon extract (25, 50, 75, 100μg / 10 ml) showed counter irritant when compared with standard drug dexamethasone. All the extracts, showed the counter irritant activity. Highest (91.97% inhibition) and the lowest (41.39 % inhibition) respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Crude methanol extract of the leaves of Rumex vesicarius L. was evaluated for anti-emetic activity. Emesis was induced by the oral administration of copper sulphate 50mg/kg body weight to male chicks of four days age. The anti-emetic activity was determined by calculating the mean decrease in number of retching in contrast with those of control. Rumex vesicarius (150, 100 and 80 mg / kg body weight orally) showed anti-emetic activity when compared with standard drugs Chlorpromazine, Domperidone and Metoclopramide at the same dose. All the extracts, showed the antiemetic activity. Highest (85.58% inhibition) and the lowest (52. 94 % inhibition) respectively [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The aim of the current study is to evaluate the wound healing potential of a polyherbal formulation (PHF) Aab-e-Shifa in normal and diabetic albino rabbits. Methods: The activity of PHF application was evaluated in comparison to tetrachlorodecaoxide (TCDO) on experimentally-induced excision wound in the thigh of normal and diabetic rabbits under ketamine anesthesia. Preliminary phytochemical analysis, total phenolic contents, wound contraction, as well as toxicological and histopathological studies were also investigated. Results: PHF exhibited parallel (p < 0.05) activity for initial wound healing in both normal (48.07%) and diabetic groups (36.32%), when compared to their respective control groups. Phytochemical analysis showed the presence of high levels of total phenolic contents in Allilum sativum L. (54.25 ± 0.15 GAE mg/g), Curcuma longa L. (25.45 ± 0.48 GAE mg/g), Zingiber officinale Rosc. (29.08 ± 0.35 GAE mg/g) and some phytochemicals such as flavonoids, couramins, terpenoids in these plants. No adverse sign of PHF was observed when applied at a dose of 2000 - 3000 g on rabbit skin. Conclusion: Aab-e-Shifa has great potential in wound healing and may be used as an alternative treatment for the healing of wounds in animals. The phytochemicals present in PHF might play a role in the wound healing activity possibly due to their antioxidant potential. However, further detailed studies are required to buttress this. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To compare the effects of proprioceptive exercises and topical glucosamine sulfate on knee osteoarthritis in terms of reducing pain and functional disability. Methods: A single-blinded randomized clinical trial (IRCT20220115053712N1) was conducted at Muhammad Physical Therapy Clinic and Rehabilitation Center, Multan, Pakistan, from November 2021 to April 2022. Eighty-four patients enrolled and were randomized into two groups; patients in Group A were treated with proprioceptive exercises while those in Group B were treated with topical glucosamine sulfate. The Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) scale were used to measure pain and functional activities at baseline, 9th and 18th sessions. Results: The results showed that both interventions were effective, but more in Group A (p < 0.05). Group A also showed highly significant improvement in relieving the pains associated with osteoarthritis when compared to Group B (p ≤ 0.001). Conclusion: Proprioceptive exercises are more efficient than topical glucosamine sulfate for managing knee osteoarthritis, improving functional outcomes and lowering pain intensity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]