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5. Collisional disruption of highly porous targets in the strength regime: Effects of mixture

Author

Murakami, Yuichi, Nakamura, Akiko M., Yokoyama, Koki, Seto, Yusuke, and Hasegawa, Sunao

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

Highly porous small bodies are thought to have been ubiquitous in the early solar system. Therefore, it is essential to understand the collision process of highly porous objects when considering the collisional evolution of primitive small bodies in the solar system. To date, impact disruption experiments have been conducted using high-porosity targets made of ice, pumice, and glass, and numerical simulations of impact fracture of porous bodies have also been conducted. However, a variety of internal structures of high-porosity bodies are possible. Therefore,laboratory experiments and numerical simulations in the wide parameter space are necessary. In this study, high-porosity targets of sintered hollow glass beads and targets made by mixing perlite with hollow beads were used in a collision disruption experiment to investigate the effects of the mixture on collisional destruction of high-porosity bodies. Among the targets prepared under the same sintering conditions, it was found that the targets with more impurities tend to have lower compressive strength and lower resistance against impact disruption. Further, destruction of the mixture targets required more impact energy density than would have been expected from compressive strength. It is likely that the perlite grains in the target matrix inhibit crack growth through the glass framework. The mass fraction of the largest fragment collapsed to a single function of a scaling parameter of energy density in the strength regime ({\Pi}_s) when assuming ratios of tensile strength to compressive strength based on a relationship obtained for ice-silicate mixtures., Comment: Planetary and Space Science,in press

Published
2019
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6. Elevated expression of N‐myc downstream regulated gene 1 protein in glioblastomas reflects tumor angiogenesis and poor patient prognosis.

Author

Sugita, Yasuo, Furuta, Takuya, Takahashi, Kenji, Higaki, Koichi, Murakami, Yuichi, Kuwano, Michihiko, Ono, Mayumi, Abe, Hideyuki, Akiba, Jun, and Morioka, Motohiro

Subjects
GENE expression, SURVIVAL rate, IMMUNOSTAINING, GLIOBLASTOMA multiforme, GENETIC overexpression
Abstract

N‐myc downstream regulated gene 1 (NDRG1) is a member of the NDRG family, of which four members (NDRG1, NDRG2, NDRG3, and NDRG4) have been identified. NDRG1 is repressed by c‐MYC and N‐MYC proto‐oncogenes. NDRG1 is translated into a 43 kDa protein that is associated with the regulation of cellular stress responses, proliferation, and differentiation. In this study, we aimed to clarify the relationship between progression of glioblastoma (GB) IDH‐wildtype and NDRG1 expression in tumor cells. We assessed the expression of NDRG1 in 41 GBs using immunostaining and evaluated its prognostic significance. NDRG1 expression by GBs was evaluated using Histoscore, which showed high and low scores in 23 and 18 cases, respectively. NDRG1‐positive cells were strongly expressed in Ki‐67 labeled proliferating tumor cells and CD105 positive proliferating microvessels around the area of palisading necrosis. Statistical analyses showed lower survival rates in the high‐score group than the low‐score group (P < 0.01). This study indicated that overexpression of NDRG1 by GB reflects tumor angiogenesis and poor patient prognosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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9. Y-box binding protein 1/cyclin A1 axis specifically promotes cell cycle progression at G2/M phase in ovarian cancer.

Author

Murakami, Yuichi, Katsuchi, Daisuke, Matsumoto, Taichi, Kanazawa, Kuon, Shibata, Tomohiro, Kawahara, Akihiko, Akiba, Jun, Yanaihara, Nozomu, Okamoto, Aikou, Itamochi, Hiroaki, Sugiyama, Toru, Terada, Atsumu, Nishio, Shin, Tsuda, Naotake, Kato, Kiyoko, Ono, Mayumi, and Kuwano, Michihiko

Abstract

Y-box binding protein 1 (YBX1) promotes oncogenic transformation and tumor growth. YBX1 plays a role in regulation of cell cycle promotion via upregulation of cell cycle-related genes. In ovarian cancer, YBX1 also promotes tumor growth, but the mechanisms of YBX1 in cell growth and cell cycle in ovarian cancer remain not to be fully understood. Here, we investigated whether YBX1-dependent cancer cell proliferation was specifically associated with expression of cell cycle related genes in ovarian cancer. Protein and mRNA expression levels of YBX1 and cell cycle-related genes in ovarian cancer cell lines and tissues were determined by western blot analysis, immunohistochemical analysis and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. Cell cycle analysis was performed by flow cytometry. Luciferase assay and Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay were used to investigate a transcriptional function of YBX1. YBX1 silencing induced marked growth suppression in 4 cell lines (group A), moderate suppression in 5 cell lines (group B), and no suppression in 3 cell lines (group C) among 12 ovarian cancer cell lines in culture. The YBX1 silencing induced cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and suppressed expression of cyclin A1 gene in group A and B cell lines, but not in group C cell lines. Cyclin A1 silencing specifically suppressed cell proliferation in group A cell lines and partially in group B cell lines, but not at all in group C cell lines. YBX1 mRNA levels were significantly correlated with cyclin A1 mRNA levels in patients with high-grade serous carcinoma. Augmented YBX1 expression plays a key role in tumor growth promotion in ovarian cancer in its close association with cyclin A1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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12. SDGsと文理融合の公共政策学

Author

Murakami, Yuichi

Subjects
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), Technology, post-COVID-19 period, Science, Innovation (STI) policy, Humanities–science fusion initiative, public policy studies
Abstract

This paper first introduces a humanities–science fusion initiative (i.e., lectures on Science, Technology, and Innovation policy, and a case study course on public policies made up of various kinds of expertise) in which I have been engaged at the Hokkaido University Public Policy School. Subsequently, the STI governance structure, the risk assessment/management, and the communication connecting science and politics are discussed to illustrate the significance of trans-disciplinary respectful cooperation. Moreover, I assess the prospects of public policy (studies) in the post-COVID-19 period, after reviewing the history of international development since the United Nations Development Decade in the 1960s, which consequently led to SDGs (Sustainable Development Goals), as well as the trans-disciplinary trials and errors needed to achieve them. When policy resources are not very abundant, the importance of political decisions (i.e., proper prioritization) and specialized planning (i.e., efficient and effective implementation) involving various stakeholders cannot be stressed enough, and there is a need for global and trans-disciplinary knowledge stocking and sharing to achieve SDGs. Ambitious SDGs that set and share common major aims will hopefully lead to collaboration, which will in turn give rise to the creation of multi-level partnerships. Universities can contribute to such collaboration through their diligent and steady education and research.

Published
2023

17. Supplementary Figure S3 from Targeting Phosphorylation of Y-Box–Binding Protein YBX1 by TAS0612 and Everolimus in Overcoming Antiestrogen Resistance

Author

Shibata, Tomohiro, primary, Watari, Kosuke, primary, Kawahara, Akihiko, primary, Sudo, Tomoya, primary, Hattori, Satoshi, primary, Murakami, Yuichi, primary, Izumi, Hiroto, primary, Itou, Junji, primary, Toi, Masakazu, primary, Akiba, Jun, primary, Akagi, Yoshito, primary, Tanaka, Maki, primary, Kuwano, Michihiko, primary, and Ono, Mayumi, primary

Published
2023
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19. Supplementary Table S2 from Targeting Phosphorylation of Y-Box–Binding Protein YBX1 by TAS0612 and Everolimus in Overcoming Antiestrogen Resistance

Author

Shibata, Tomohiro, primary, Watari, Kosuke, primary, Kawahara, Akihiko, primary, Sudo, Tomoya, primary, Hattori, Satoshi, primary, Murakami, Yuichi, primary, Izumi, Hiroto, primary, Itou, Junji, primary, Toi, Masakazu, primary, Akiba, Jun, primary, Akagi, Yoshito, primary, Tanaka, Maki, primary, Kuwano, Michihiko, primary, and Ono, Mayumi, primary

Published
2023
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20. Supplementary information from Targeting Phosphorylation of Y-Box–Binding Protein YBX1 by TAS0612 and Everolimus in Overcoming Antiestrogen Resistance

Author

Shibata, Tomohiro, primary, Watari, Kosuke, primary, Kawahara, Akihiko, primary, Sudo, Tomoya, primary, Hattori, Satoshi, primary, Murakami, Yuichi, primary, Izumi, Hiroto, primary, Itou, Junji, primary, Toi, Masakazu, primary, Akiba, Jun, primary, Akagi, Yoshito, primary, Tanaka, Maki, primary, Kuwano, Michihiko, primary, and Ono, Mayumi, primary

Published
2023
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22. Data from Targeting Phosphorylation of Y-Box–Binding Protein YBX1 by TAS0612 and Everolimus in Overcoming Antiestrogen Resistance

Author

Shibata, Tomohiro, primary, Watari, Kosuke, primary, Kawahara, Akihiko, primary, Sudo, Tomoya, primary, Hattori, Satoshi, primary, Murakami, Yuichi, primary, Izumi, Hiroto, primary, Itou, Junji, primary, Toi, Masakazu, primary, Akiba, Jun, primary, Akagi, Yoshito, primary, Tanaka, Maki, primary, Kuwano, Michihiko, primary, and Ono, Mayumi, primary

Published
2023
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23. Data from Breast Cancer Resistance to Antiestrogens Is Enhanced by Increased ER Degradation and ERBB2 Expression

Author

Shibata, Tomohiro, primary, Watari, Kosuke, primary, Izumi, Hiroto, primary, Kawahara, Akihiko, primary, Hattori, Satoshi, primary, Fukumitsu, Chihiro, primary, Murakami, Yuichi, primary, Takahashi, Ryuji, primary, Toh, Uhi, primary, Ito, Ken-ichi, primary, Ohdo, Shigehiro, primary, Tanaka, Maki, primary, Kage, Masayoshi, primary, Kuwano, Michihiko, primary, and Ono, Mayumi, primary

Published
2023
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25. Supplementary Figures from Bidirectional Regulation between NDRG1 and GSK3β Controls Tumor Growth and Is Targeted by Differentiation Inducing Factor-1 in Glioblastoma

Author

Ito, Hiroshi, primary, Watari, Kosuke, primary, Shibata, Tomohiro, primary, Miyamoto, Tomofumi, primary, Murakami, Yuichi, primary, Nakahara, Yukiko, primary, Izumi, Hiroto, primary, Wakimoto, Hiroaki, primary, Kuwano, Michihiko, primary, Abe, Tatsuya, primary, and Ono, Mayumi, primary

Published
2023
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26. Supplementary Figure 2 from N-myc Downstream Regulated Gene 1/Cap43 Suppresses Tumor Growth and Angiogenesis of Pancreatic Cancer through Attenuation of Inhibitor of κB Kinase β Expression

Author

Hosoi, Fumihito, primary, Izumi, Hiroto, primary, Kawahara, Akihiko, primary, Murakami, Yuichi, primary, Kinoshita, Hisafumi, primary, Kage, Masayoshi, primary, Nishio, Kazuto, primary, Kohno, Kimitoshi, primary, Kuwano, Michihiko, primary, and Ono, Mayumi, primary

Published
2023
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28. Supplementary Figure 1 from N-myc Downstream Regulated Gene 1/Cap43 Suppresses Tumor Growth and Angiogenesis of Pancreatic Cancer through Attenuation of Inhibitor of κB Kinase β Expression

Author

Hosoi, Fumihito, primary, Izumi, Hiroto, primary, Kawahara, Akihiko, primary, Murakami, Yuichi, primary, Kinoshita, Hisafumi, primary, Kage, Masayoshi, primary, Nishio, Kazuto, primary, Kohno, Kimitoshi, primary, Kuwano, Michihiko, primary, and Ono, Mayumi, primary

Published
2023
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29. Supplementary Table 3 from N-myc Downstream Regulated Gene 1/Cap43 Suppresses Tumor Growth and Angiogenesis of Pancreatic Cancer through Attenuation of Inhibitor of κB Kinase β Expression

Author

Hosoi, Fumihito, primary, Izumi, Hiroto, primary, Kawahara, Akihiko, primary, Murakami, Yuichi, primary, Kinoshita, Hisafumi, primary, Kage, Masayoshi, primary, Nishio, Kazuto, primary, Kohno, Kimitoshi, primary, Kuwano, Michihiko, primary, and Ono, Mayumi, primary

Published
2023
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30. Supplementary Materials and Methods from Erlotinib Resistance in Lung Cancer Cells Mediated by Integrin β1/Src/Akt-Driven Bypass Signaling

Author

Kanda, Rina, primary, Kawahara, Akihiko, primary, Watari, Kosuke, primary, Murakami, Yuichi, primary, Sonoda, Kahori, primary, Maeda, Masashi, primary, Fujita, Hideaki, primary, Kage, Masayoshi, primary, Uramoto, Hidetaka, primary, Costa, Carlota, primary, Kuwano, Michihiko, primary, and Ono, Mayumi, primary

Published
2023
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31. Supplementary Table 2 from N-myc Downstream Regulated Gene 1/Cap43 Suppresses Tumor Growth and Angiogenesis of Pancreatic Cancer through Attenuation of Inhibitor of κB Kinase β Expression

Author

Hosoi, Fumihito, primary, Izumi, Hiroto, primary, Kawahara, Akihiko, primary, Murakami, Yuichi, primary, Kinoshita, Hisafumi, primary, Kage, Masayoshi, primary, Nishio, Kazuto, primary, Kohno, Kimitoshi, primary, Kuwano, Michihiko, primary, and Ono, Mayumi, primary

Published
2023
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35. Supplementary Table 1 from N-myc Downstream Regulated Gene 1/Cap43 Suppresses Tumor Growth and Angiogenesis of Pancreatic Cancer through Attenuation of Inhibitor of κB Kinase β Expression

Author

Hosoi, Fumihito, primary, Izumi, Hiroto, primary, Kawahara, Akihiko, primary, Murakami, Yuichi, primary, Kinoshita, Hisafumi, primary, Kage, Masayoshi, primary, Nishio, Kazuto, primary, Kohno, Kimitoshi, primary, Kuwano, Michihiko, primary, and Ono, Mayumi, primary

Published
2023
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37. The Politics of Global Maritime Environmental Regulation

Author

Murakami, Yuichi

Abstract

This study examines why maritime environmental regulations (MERs), such as those that limit sulfur oxides and particulate matter emission, are delayed more than those on land and air transports. Moreover, it explores why the International Maritime Organization (IMO), the United Nations specialized agency responsible for regulating shipping, has not functioned adequately. This study concludes that this is because of regulatory cost and benefit (or, more precisely, to whom cost incurs and who gains benefit), which are both dispersed (this, it is difficult to specify who) in the maritime environmental regulatory space. It is an outstanding exception of typical environmental regulation, where the cost is concentrated, whereas the benefit is dispersed, as explained in The Politics of Regulation by J.Q. Wilson. Consequently, the MERs can bypass regulatory capture by vested interests and advantageous industry. In addition, they can offer various regulatory alternative tools that have been experimented with in some regions to be used for future worldwide regulation. It is true that regionally fragmented environmental regulations that directly reflect local interests make the IMO difficult to work efficiently for global regulatory governance. However, the regulated shipowners require IMO to deal with global issues with its specialty and its wide eyesight to represent various interests of both sides of cost and benefit and to lead them to better comprehensive regulations. IMO’s effort to orchestrate multi-level regulations decreases uncertainty in current MERs. Furthermore, this enables ship-owners or one of the regulatory veto players to be perceived as worth of more cooperation.

Published
2022

38. Reconsidering Regional Railway Management in Hokkaido from a Comparative Perspective

Author

Murakami, Yuichi, Takamatsu, Jun-ya, Kobayashi, Daisuke, and Kishi, Kunihiro

Subjects
Hokkaido, Germany, France, The United Kingdom, Regional railway management
Abstract

The aim of this co-authored paper is to expand on our webinar discussion, which took place on 15th July 2021. France has realised the development of a passenger-friendly regional railway service by giving increased discretion to regional authorities. This favourable outcome can also be explained by the organisational reform of quasi-public railway companies and the recent decisions made by the independent regulatory agency in France. The ministerial management of franchised train services and privatised railways after the failure of neoliberal reforms in the United Kingdom, along with changes in regional policies, has resulted in an increase in passengers and an improvement in service. Germany has a balanced system for overseeing its regional railways, as its federal parliament ensures that regional interests are considered thoroughly; consequently, sufficient federal subsidies are devoted to the Bundesland region’s railways, which are subject to a highly effective, competitive bidding process. The recent events in Hokkaido are reviewed in the paper, and it is concluded that (1) Hokkaido’s rail lines should be divided into three categories, including mainline, wide-area, and intra-municipal transport systems, to clarify which level of government (i.e. central, regional, or municipal) should be in charge of them; (2) the Hokkaido government should take more responsibility in obtaining funds from the central government, forming a strong relationship with JR Hokkaido through financial assistance, and coordinating with stakeholders to form a regional ‘transport network’; and (3) transport modes, including regional railways, should be integrated into a wider network with a comprehensive plan including policy objectives for regional development and environmental protection, which should be primarily established by the Hokkaido government so that passengers can utilise the railways efficiently.

Published
2022

44. Institutional Reconciliation and Collaboration among International Treaty Regimes as a Multi-level Governance Strategy

Author

Murakami, Yuichi

Subjects
international treaty regimes, governance framework, CITES, Institutional reconciliation and collaboration, multi-level
Abstract

This paper describes and analyses interactions between CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora) and other related treaty regimes in the multi-level governance framework. It further examines (1) how free-trade and environment values are coordinated between CITES and the World Trade Organization in relation to Sustainable Development Goals; (2) how and why CITES and FAO (United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization) set Memorandum of Understanding as an agenda, and what was left behind; and (3) how international regimes such as Office International des Epizooties, FAO, and CITES could act against the coronavirus disease pandemic in the name of the One-Health Approach. It asserts that it is meaningful to see their operations, or their transition management, as reconciliation and collaboration between international and domestic levels, or between policy life stages of rulemaking and enforcement.

Published
2021

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