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Ekonomik, siyasi, sosyal, kültürel ve diğer dış faktörlerden dolayı birey ya da gurupların yerleşmek amacıyla gerçekleştirdikleri yer değiştirme hareketi olarak tanımlanan göç aynı zamanda bir tür sosyal değişim sürecini de ifade etmektedir. Türkiye’de iller ve bölgeler arasında görülen sosyo-ekonomik gelişmişlik farklılıkları, nüfus hareketlerine neden olmakta ve bunun sonucunda ise iç göç ortaya çıkmaktadır. Türkiye’de iç göçler içinde yaşanılan dönemin koşullarına bağlı olarak farklılık gösterse de her dönemde güncelliğini koruyarak devam etmiştir. İç göç olgusunu incelemek için birçok faktörün göz önünde bulundurulması gerekmektedir. Göçe kaynaklık eden faktörlerin dikkate alınması dengeli iç göç sağlama açısından daha gerçekçi politikaların yürütülmesine imkân sağlayacağından çalışmada iç göç hareketlerinin nedenleri, ekonomik, sosyal, kültürel ve siyasi eksende ele alınmıştır. İç göç olgusuna dair bu eksenler dikkate alınarak Şanlıurfa özelinde değerlendirilmiştir. Şanlıurfa'dan İstanbul'a gerçekleşen iç göç hareketlerinin sebeplerini ve sosyo-ekonomik boyutlarını belirlemek amacıyla Şanlıurfa doğumlu olup bireysel veya hane halkıyla beraber İstanbul’a göç eden ve ikametgâhı İstanbul’da olan 450 kişiyle anket çalışması yapılmış, anket sonuçları istatistiksel analiz yöntemler yardımı ile incelenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda Şanlıurfa'dan İstanbul'a gerçekleşen göç hareketlerinin odağında işsizlik, geçim sıkıntısı, eğitim, sağlık ve sosyal imkânsızlıklar gibi itici faktörlerin olduğu ve İstanbul’a göç eden bireylerin, göç ettikleri için memnun oldukları ve bu nedenle büyük çoğunluğunun geri dönmek istemediği belirlenmiştir., Migration, which is defined as the movement of individuals or groups to settle due to economic, political, social, cultural, and other external factors, also expresses the process of social change. Socio-economic development differences between provinces and regions in Turkey cause population movements and internal migration occurs. Even though the internal migrations in Turkey differed depending on the conditions of the period, they continued in every period, keeping up to date. In order to examine the phenomenon of internal migration, many factors need to be considered. Since considering factors that cause migration will enable more realistic policies to be implemented in terms of providing balanced internal migration, the causes of internal migration movements have been taken into an economic, social, cultural, and political axis in the study. The phenomenon of internal migration was determined in Şanlıurfa, taking into account these axes. In order to reveal and determine the causes and socio-economic dimensions of the migration movements from Şanlıurfa to Istanbul, a survey was conducted with individuals 450 who were born in Şanlıurfa, migrated to Istanbul individually or with their households, and resided in Istanbul, and the survey results were analyzed with statistical analyzes. As a result of the study, it was determined that factors such as unemployment, financial difficulties, education, health, and social impossibilities were influential in the focus of migration movements from Şanlıurfa to Istanbul.

Yeni dönemin önde gelen ekonomik sorunlarından biri olan enflasyon gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülkelerde ekonomi yönetimleri ile para ve maliye politikalarının da en öncelikli başlığı durumuna gelmiştir. Özellikle gıda ve enerji arz ve tedarikinde görülen aksamaların ve daralmaların yön verdiği konjonktürel dalgalanmalar enflasyon üzerinde baskılar yaratırken yeterli mali derinliğe sahip olmayan gelişmekte olan ülkelerde söz konusu baskılar faiz ve kur üzerinden büyük sorunlara yol açacak etkiler yaratabilmektedir. Gelişmekte olan ekonomiler açısından önemli bir sorun olan yüksek enflasyonun birçok belirleyicisinden söz etmek mümkündür. Yüksek enflasyonun ekonomilere doğrudan ve dolaylı etkilerinin ortadan kaldırılması ekonomi yönetimlerinin temel amaçları arasında yer almaktadır. Çalışmada faiz, döviz kuru ile enflasyon arasındaki ilişki BRICS ülkeleri ( Brezilya, Rusya, Hindistan, Çin, Güney Afrika ) ve Türkiye özelinde değerlendirilmiştir. 1996M10-2021M12 dönemlerine ait tüketici fiyat endeksi ve faiz oranı verileri kullanılarak yapılan panel veri testleri yardımıyla faiz ve döviz kuru ile enflasyon arasındaki ilişkinin niteliği tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Araştırma bulgularına göre dolar kuru değişkeni yerel para birimleri (Rusya yerel parası Ruble hariç) karşısında değer kazandıkça ülkelerin tüketici fiyatları seviyesi yükselmektedir. Bu durum ortak Panel için de geçerlidir. Yine ülke bazlı olarak faiz oranları değişkeninin tüketici fiyatlar seviyesine etkisine bakıldığında Brezilya, Çin ve Güney Afrika’da negatif yönlü Rusya ve Türkiye’de ise pozitif yönlü bulunduğu görülmektedir.

Amaç: Çalışmamızın amacı operasyon öncesi bilgisayarlı tomografi ile ölçülen ortalama ve maksimum üreter duvar kalınlıklarının üreteroskopi sonuçları üzerindeki etkisini araştırmaktır.Materyal ve Metot: Bu prospektif çalışma Temmuz-Aralık 2021 tarihleri arasında üreter taşı nedeniyle üreteroskopi yapılan 103 hasta ile yapılmıştır. Kontrastsız bilgisayarlı tomografi ile üreter taşının olduğu bölgedeki maksimum üreter duvar kalınlığı ve 3-6-9-12 hizalarından ölçülen üreter duvar kalınlıkları ortalaması alındı. Ortalama üreter duvar kalınlığı ve maksimum duvar kalınlığına göre operasyon süresi, rezidü taş ve double j takılma durumu ve intraoperative komplikasyon durumu incelendi.Bulgular: Çalışmaya dahil edilen 103 hastanın 77’si erkek, 26’sı kadındı. Hastaların yaş ortalaması 43,83±15,11 yıl idi. Ortalama taş uzunluğu 10,76±3,84 mm idi. Maksimum üreter duvar kalınlığı 4,9±1,8 mm iken ortalama üreter duvar kalınlığı 3,81±1,24 mm idi. Maksimum ve ortalama üreter duvar kalınlığı artıkça operasyon süresi, rezidü taş ve double takılma oranı, post üreteroskopik lezyon skala derecesinin arttığı görüldü (p, Objective: The aim of our study is to investigate the effect of average and maximum ureteral wall thicknesses measured by computed tomography before the operation on ureteroscopy results.Materials and Methods: This prospective study was conducted with 103 patients who underwent ureteroscopy for ureteral stones between July and December 2021. The maximum ureteral wall thickness in the region of the ureteral stone and the average of the ureteral wall thicknesses measured from the 3-6-9-12 lines were calculated by non-contrast computed tomography. The operation time, residual stone, double j insertion status, and intraoperative complication status were examined according to the average ureteral wall thickness and maximum wall thickness.Results: Of the 103 patients included in the study, 77 were male, and 26 were female. The mean age of the patients was 43.83±15.11 years. The mean stone length was 10.76±3.84 mm. The average ureteral wall thickness was 3.81±1.24 mm, while the maximum ureteral wall thickness was 4.9±1.8 mm. It was found that as the maximum, and average ureteral wall thickness increased, the operation time, residual stone, double insertion rate, and post-ureteroscopic lesion scale grade increased (p

Although the history of translation is almost as old as the history of humankind, it was not until the second half of the twentieth century that translation studies were recognized as an independent discipline. Perhaps due to this fact, translation and interpreting programs at the higher education level started to be introduced in Turkey in the 1980s. These programs were English translation and interpreting programs. The first program to train Arabic translators and interpreters was opened at Kırıkkale University in 2011 and remained the only program in its field until 2017. Between 2017 and 2023, nine more Arabic translation and interpreting programs, six at public universities and three at private universities, started actively admitting students. In this study, Arabic translation and interpreting programs in Turkey are examined from various angles. At the end of the study, it was concluded that the demand for the departments at state universities was higher, the students with the highest scores preferred Istanbul University. Interpreter and translator students scored an average of forty-two points in the eighty-question foreign language exam and there were an average of 3.8 faculty members in these programs. Eight faculty members work in these programs and the students who are admitted to them are mostly placed in universities in their home cities. The total capacity of the programs is sufficient and, although there is no unity in the curriculum of the programs, similar courses are offered in different classes. The programs focus on language skills for the first two years and, subsequently, focus on translation-oriented courses. At the end of the study, we make some suggestions for translation and interpreting programs by making associations with the findings of the related literature.

Today, technology has become a concept that expresses a serious need in terms of individual and society, especially in the last period of the global epidemic. Technological developments, which are closely followed all over the world, contribute to the improvement of communication between people at the same rate, and as a result of this information transfer process, individuals find the opportunity to express their feelings and thoughts on various media platforms. The use of this platform, which is called social media, has the feature of responding to the social needs of crowded masses consisting of all existing cultures and segments. Because of these reasons and needs, social media has a very important place in human life with its feature that brings together large masses. Foreign language learning activities have also developed through social media, and many foreign language lessons have become common on Youtube. Among these languages is Arabic, which is spoken by approximately 450 million people in the world. Arabic is one of the most widely taught foreign languages in our country. In this context, it is clear that social media, like other technologies, creates a suitable basis for the use of education in the Arabic teaching process. In this study, the opinions of university students about the use of Youtube, one of the social media tools, in teaching Arabic are included. 200 students studying in Arabic preparatory classes within higher education institutions participated in the research; His views on the Arabic lessons given on Youtube were examined. At the end of the study, Arabic preparatory class students; It has been revealed that they think that the use of Youtube in the Arabic teaching process is beneficial. As a result of the answers given to the open-ended question asked whether Youtube lessons are advantageous in teaching Arabic; It has been determined that Youtube Arabic lessons contribute to the students in the preparation process and course repetitions at school. Another result of the study is; It has emerged that the number of Arabic lessons given on Youtube is less than other languages, which is perceived as a serious deficiency by the students.

In recent years, there has been an outbreak of research on natural fiber-reinforced materials to reduce non-recycled material effects and produce environmentally friendly products. In parallel with the increasing popularity of additive manufacturing, the development of new natural fiber-reinforced materials in this field has also increased to improve pure material characteristics and reduce raw materials usage. This study presents the manufacturing process of %5 waste jute-reinforced PLA filaments and the characteristics of 3D printed parts. For the production of jute-reinforced filaments, polylactic acid (PLA) granules were pulverized to increase the material surface for better bonding between materials in the composite matrix structure. The effectiveness of pulverizing PLA granules was exposed by comparing it with the production of the same composite matrix with PLA granules. Both matrices were formed into filaments to produce 3D parts in Fused Filament Fabrication technology. Thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) will be presented in filament form. Besides, the mechanical properties of 3D parts will also be presented. Within the scope of the study, it is aimed to reveal the material size effect for producing natural fiber-reinforced filaments for additive manufacturing.

Introduction and hypothesis Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome is associated with urological symptoms, including overactive bladder (OAB). This study aims to determine whether combined tolterodine and CPAP therapies are more effective for patients with OSAS than CPAP treatment only. Methods Women who underwent polysomnography test and were diagnosed with moderate-to-severe OSAS with apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) were included in the study. Data were collected on AHI, OAB awareness-8-item tool (OAB-V8), incontinence questionnaire-urinary incontinence short form (ICIQ-UI-SF), total daily urine volume (DUV), and the Benefit, satisfaction with treatment and willingness (BSW) tool. Eligible patients were randomized to receive either CPAP treatment only or combined CPAP and tolterodine treatment for 3 months. Results Among 103 participants, a total of 60 were included. Patients in both treatment arms showed significant improvements in OAB-V8, ICIQ-UI-SF, and total DUV compared to their baseline. The mean OAB-V8 was 15.7 at baseline and 5.6 at 3 months for the combined treatment arm and 16.6 and 7.6 at 3 months for the CPAP group only (mean baseline-adjusted between-group difference -1.1 [95% CI, -12.3 to -7.4]; p < 0.001). The improvement in the mean ICIQ-UI-SF was also statistically more significant in the combined therapy group than in the CPAP only arm (mean baseline-adjusted between-group difference -3.27 [95% CI, -4.6 to -1.59]; p < 0.001). No statistical significance was found in the improvement of total DUV between the groups. Conclusions In this study, combined use of tolterodine with CPAP provides beneficial effects to CPAP treatment only regarding OAB symptoms. Further research is required to confirm these findings in a large cohort.

Objective: Female genital mutilation is the removal of female genital organs for non-medical reasons, which is widely practiced worldwide. Female genital mutilation is a dark subject for the scientific world since it is often practiced in closed societies. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the role of YouTube videos in the prevention of female genital mutilation. Material and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, an internet search was conducted on YouTube.com on May 1, 2021, using the keywords «female genital mutilation» and «female circumcision» on a web browser with a clear cache and latest updates. Search results were evaluated in terms of the demographic characteristics of uploaders and the quality and reliability of the videos. Results: Most of the videos were shared by women. The videos shared by women and healthcare professionals were higher quality and more reliable compared to videos uploaded by men and religious personnel. Conclusion: YouTube.com videos may be beneficial for the prevention of female genital mutilation, but more attention should be paid to this issue, particularly by healthcare professionals, and more reliable videos with the higher quality should be shared. Keywords: Circumcision, female, genitalia.

Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate surface treatments and fiber types on adhesion properties polylactic acid (PLA) three-dimensional (3D) parts printed on woven fabrics. Design/methodology/approach The cotton, flax and jute fabrics were exposed to alkali, hydrogen peroxide, stearic acid and ionic liquid treatments to modify surface characteristics before PLA 3D printing. The modification efficiency was assessed with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analyses. Then, fused deposition modeling (FDM) printer and PLA filament were used for 3D printing onto the untreated and treated fabrics. The adhesion strength between the fabrics and PLA 3D parts were tested according to DIN 53530 via universal tensile tester. Findings The fabric structure is effective on adhesion force and greater values were observed for plain weave fabrics. Maximum separation forces were obtained for alkali pretreated fabrics among jute and cotton. Hydrogen peroxide treatment also increased adhesion forces for jute and cotton fabrics while decreasing for flax fabrics. Stearic acid and ionic liquid treatments reduced adhesion forces compared to untreated fabrics. Treatments are effective to alter adhesion via changing surface chemistry, surface morphology and fabric physical properties but display different effects related to fabric material. Originality/value This study provides experimental information about effects of different fiber types and surface treatments on adhesion strength of PLA 3D parts. There is limited research about comprehensive observation on 3D printing on cellulosic-woven fabrics.

Sezai Karakoç, who is one of the most important intellectuals who grew up in our country, is an important person who influenced large masses with his views on art and literature. Karakoç wrote works in many fields such as literature, philosophy, economy, politics, and education. Sezai Karakoç has nine poetry books; in the following periods, he compiled and published all of his poems in his book called "Gün Doğmadan". The most well-known of his poems is the poem "Mona Rosa". This poem, which he wrote during his university years, was greatly appreciated by all his readers. While defining human love in this poem, the poet tries to express the impossibility of meeting the spiritual, mystical, and platonic aspects of love. In this study, the Turkish and English translations of Sezai Karakoç's "Mona Rosa" will be evaluated in the context of equivalence. While interpreting the translation equivalence; formal elements will be discussed in detail in terms of linguistic, semantic, and stylistic aspects, in terms of adequacy and acceptability. Article visualizations

This study presents the novel compact three-roving technology which developed on the working principle of siro-spun and compact spinning technologies. In the study, auxiliary parts of siro-spun and pneumatic compact spinning are newly designed for the production of compact three-roving yarns. The properties of new compact three-roving yarns were compared with compact spun and compact siro-spun yarns that produced at the same yarn count and at the same twist level from natural, synthetic and regenerated fibers. Besides, three-types of yarns were also used in the weft direction for the production of the woven fabric. Comparing yarn and fabric properties showed that, compact three-roving yarns have similar results to commercially used yarns in general. In addition, it should also be noted that three-roving yarn can be also used for specific purposes owing to its composite structure.

This study aims to determine the opinions of mathematics teachers studying at the postgraduate level about mathematical creativity and creative problem-solving skills. The case study method, one of the qualitative research methods, was used in the study. The participants of the study comprised 5 mathematics teachers who are 2 master's, 3 doctoral students. A semi-structured interview form was used as a data collection tool in the study. The data of the study were analysed by the systematic analysis method. According to the results, teachers' opinions about creativity were discussed within the scope of "innovation, originality, difference, productivity, imagination" themes. Participants mentioned the instructional (pedagogical) and personal characteristics of a creative teacher. Teachers presented opinions related to mathematical creativity such as providing more than one (different) solution to a problem, solving the problem in different ways, and having a different point of view. While two of the teachers did not think themselves as adequate in mathematical creativity, the others stated that they found themselves creative. Answers to the mathematical creativity problem showed that teachers' creative problem-solving skills were low., Bu araştırmada lisansüstü düzeyde öğrenim gören matematik öğretmenlerinin matematiksel yaratıcılık hakkındaki görüşlerinin ve yaratıcı problem çözme becerilerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden biri olan durum çalışması yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın katılımcılarını 2’si yüksek lisans, 3’ü doktora öğrencisi 5 matematik öğretmeni oluşturmuştur. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın verileri sistematik analiz yöntemiyle analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma bulgularına göre öğretmenlerin yaratıcılığa ilişkin görüşleri “yenilik, özgünlük, farklılık, üretkenlik, hayal gücü” temaları altında ele alınmıştır. Katılımcılar yaratıcı öğretmenin öğretimsel (pedagojik) ve kişisel özelliklerinden bahsetmiştir. Matematiksel yaratıcılık hakkında ise, probleme birden fazla (farklı) çözüm üretme, problemi farklı yollarla çözme, farklı bakış açısına sahip olma gibi görüşler belirtmişlerdir. Öğretmenlerin ikisi matematiksel yaratıcılık konusunda kendilerini yeterli görmezken, diğerleri kendilerini yaratıcı bulduklarını belirtmiştir. Matematiksel yaratıcılık problemine verilen cevaplar, öğretmenlerin yaratıcı problem çözme becerilerinin düşük düzeyde olduğunu göstermiştir.

Doğal yaşam alanlarındaki mühendislik çalışmaları, olabildiğince doğru veriler gerektirir. Ormanların ekolojik, ekonomik ve estetik koşulları üzerindeki doğrudan veya dolaylı etkilerini optimize etmek veya azaltmak için, çok boyutlu analizler ve mevcut verilerin kullanılmasıyla desteklenen güncel teknolojik önlemlere ihtiyaç vardır. Ormanlarda yol ağlarının yapımı sırasında ve sonrasında habitatlarda geri dönüşü olmayan sonuçlar gözlemlenebilir. Bu etkiler bozulma, kayıp ve parçalanma olmak üzere üç ana başlıkta toplanabilir. Orman üzerinde karşılaşılabilecek olumsuzlukların azaltılması için kuşkusuz teknolojiden yararlanmak gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi (K.S.Ü) Araştırma ve Geliştirme Ormanı sınırları içerisinde yol ağı planlamasında kullanılabilecek üç teknikle üretilmiş SAM (sayısal arazi modeli)’nin kazı-dolgu ve yol güzergâhı tespitinde durumları karşılaştırılmıştır. Değerlendirilen veriler, 1/25000 ölçekli topoğrafik harita, SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission) ve RTK-GPS (Real Time Kinematic-Global Position System) tabanlı verilerdir. Üç teknikle üretilen SAM’lar kullanılarak, ArcGIS ortamında en düşük maliyetli güzergâh analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sonuçlara göre 1/25000 ölçekli topoğrafik harita kaynaklı üretilen veri setine göre elde edilen toplam kazı 50,04 m3 olarak hesaplanmış ve dolgu miktarı 23,46 m3 olarak hesaplanmıştır. SRTM tabanlı yöntemde elde edilen toplam kazı 38,58 m3 ve dolgu miktarı 34,37 m3’tür. RTK-GPS yöntemine göre toplam kazı ve dolgu miktarı 89,95 m3 ve 27,23 m3’tür. Toplam 991,57 m uzunluğa sahip örnek yolda, maksimum kazı miktarı RTK-GPS> SRTM> 1/25000 ölçekli topoğrafik harita tabanlı olarak belirlenirken, toplam dolgu hacmi miktarları sırasıyla SRTM> 1/25000 ölçekli topoğrafik harita> RTK-GPS olarak belirlenmiştir., Engineering research on natural habitats requires as accurate data as possible. In order to optimize or reduce the direct or indirect impact on the ecological, economic and aesthetic conditions of the forest, the latest technological measures, supported by multi-dimensional analysis and the use of available data, are required. During and after the construction of road networks in forest, irreversible results can be observed in habitats. These effects can be summarized into the three main concepts of degradation, loss and fragmentation. There is no doubt that technology must be used to reduce possible negative effects on forest. In the study, three different DTMs (digital terrain models), which can be used in road network planning within the boundaries of Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University (K.S.U) Research and Development Forest, was compared according to the effectiveness of these DTMs in excavation-embankment and determining the road route. The evaluated data sets were 1/25000 scaled topographic map-based, SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission)-based and RTK-GPS (Real-Time Kinematic - Global Position System)-based data. The least cost route analysis was performed in the GIS ArcGIS 10.1 software environment, using DTMs produced with the three techniques. The results indicated that the total amount of excavation obtained in the method based on the contour map was calculated as 50.04 m3 and the amount of embankment as 23.46 m3. The total excavation obtained in the SRTM-based method was 38.58 m3 and the amount of embankment was 34.37 m3. According to the RTK-GPS method, the total amount of excavation and embankment was 89.95 m3 and 27.23 m3, respectively. On the sample road with a total length of 991.57 m, the maximum excavation amount was determined as RTK-GPS> SRTM> 1/25000 scaled topographic map based method DTM, while the total embankment amounts were determined as SRTM> 1/25000 scaled topographic map> RTK-GPS based method.

Conks (a kind of diary or notepad which contains poetries) has been one of the most important sources of folk literature and folk culture for centuries. We also aimed to bring one of these sources to Turkish cultural studies by revealing the folk poets and poems registered in conk that we discussed in our article. The source we are working on is conk, which was completed in 1951 and registered in the National Library with the number "06 Mil Yz a 4573-1". In this study, we indicated the pseudonym of folk poets and the poems of these pseudonym by giving page numbers in alphabetical order. Most of the poems we come across bear traces of the Alawi-Bektashi culture. Although the general subject of the poems is within the religious-Sufi framework, non-religious poems have also found their place. It is not known by whom conk was written. Numerous typos have been made. The syllable and rhyme are also sometimes seen to deteriorate. Our study basically consists of three parts. In the introduction, we focused on the historical value of conks. We briefly touched on the roles folk poets play in society. We tried to explain the connection between the past and the present. In the second part, we evaluated the poems from a technical point of view and mentioned the topics that were processed. Instead of evaluating each poet one by one, we tried to reach general judgments. We focused on the causes of these defects by examining some of the defects we encountered. We touched on the subject of measure and rhyme. In the last episode, we opened the titles of folk poets in alphabetical order. Under the titles of folk poets, we included rhyme the of poems belonging to those folk poets in page order. We have mentioned separately the poets who use the syllabic measure and the aruz measure Keywords: Folk literature, Turks Folk Culture, Poem, Conk, Folk Poets

Three-dimensional (3D) printing has an increasing popularity in recent years with easy availability and the wide range of applications in many fields. While producing textile-like structures with 3D technology is still a challenging problem, combining textiles with 3D printed structures enables the manufacture of many alternative structures in the field of textile applications. This study investigates the effect of 3D parts with different infill patterns printed onto the cotton woven fabric for tensile strength. For this purpose, 3D parts with concentric, grid and triangle infill patterns were printed onto plain and twill woven fabrics with polylactic acid (PLA) filaments in the Fused Deposition Modelling technique. Adhesion between fabric and 3D parts and tensile strengths of produced structures were measured to assess the effectiveness of 3D printing. Results showed that greater adhesion between 3D parts and fabrics were obtained for plain-woven fabrics. The infill patterns were also found effective for the tensile strength performance.

Along with the breadth of the geography where it is spoken, Arabic has the feature of being a language belonging to different civilizations and cultures. The wide geographical distribution of Arabic has paved the way for the emergence of many different dialects. With the birth of Islam, changes occurred in the structure of Arabic, and thus new concepts were formed in the language. Some words used in the period of ignorance left their place for new words. Arabic, which was unique to the Arabian Peninsula before Islam, was transferred to distant lands and countries where different languages are spoken. As a result of this, depending on the sciences and arts that emerged within the Islamic civilization, Arabic has continued its development in the process that continues until today. As a result of the wide interaction of the Arab society with the spread of Islam, ancient Arabic dialects and accents came to light. Among the difficulties encountered in modern Arabic teaching today, the differences in the use of dialect come to the fore. It is known that many words and expressions used in fluent Arabic, especially in the teaching process of Arabic speaking skills, differ in the use of the dialect known as “Ammice”. At the beginning of these dialects is the Syrian Arabic dialect. It is important to learn the dialect that is widely used in the region in order to meet the various communication needs of the Syrian people, especially the social interaction with the Syrian refugees living in our country. In this study, the general characteristics of the Syrian Arabic dialect and its common usage examples in daily life will be given. Article visualizations

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of air-suction slots geometry on the condensing zone of pneumatic compact spinning.Design/methodology/approachThis paper investigated the condensing zone of pneumatic compact spinning with perforated drum for different structures of air-inlet slot geometry with computational fluid dynamics. For this purpose, three air-suction guides with different air-slots were designed. To create the condensing zone for the numerical simulation, a suction insert and the perforated drum were also designed. Flow velocity components on the X, Y, and Z axes, static pressure distribution and the streamline diagram were used for comparative analysis. Designed air-suction guides were produced with a 3D printer and used for yarn production.FindingsNumerical simulation results showed that condensing effects were provided for all three types of air-suction guides and approaching air-slots on the suction guides resulted in greater flow components but may cause fluctuations. Experimental results also showed that actual flow velocity components (Z-axis) are effective on hairiness (H) properties of the yarn while assisting flow-velocity components are more effective on the evenness and tenacity properties of the yarn.Originality/valueThis paper presents the numerical flow field simulation of compact spinning for different structures of air-suction guides with detailed measurements. To know the effects of air-suction guides on the condensing zone may be helpful to improve yarn properties. In addition, a 3D printer was used for the production of designed parts.

Aim: Urogenital traumas constitute 10% of all traumas. The majority of these traumas are lower urinary tract injuries. In this article, we aimed to share our experiences of lower urinary tract injuries.Materials and Methods: Lower urinary tract injuries admitted to the emergency department between 23 March 2011 and 1 April 2016 were retrospectively analyzed.Results: It was observed that a total of 52 patients, 14 bladder, 38 urethra and penile injuries, were admitted to the emergency clinic between the specified dates. 10 of the 14 patients with bladder injury were male and four were female. While all patients with urethra and penile injuries were male, 24 patients had urethra, 16 patients had cavernosum injuries, two of which had cavernosum and urethra association. Penile fracture developed due to sexual intercourse in 12 of the patients with cavernosum injuries. It was observed in two of them that penile fracture developed after falling.Conclusion: Considering the possibility of lower urinary tract and penile injuries, care should be taken in patients admitted to the emergency department due to trauma., Amaç: Ürogenital travmalar tüm travmaların %10’unu oluşturmaktadır. Bu travmaların önemli bir kısmını ise alt üriner sistem yaralanmaları oluşturmaktadır. Bu makalede alt üriner sistem yaralanmaları ile ilgili deneyimlerimizin paylaşılması amaçlandı.Gereç ve Yöntemler: 23 Mart 2011 ile 1 Nisan 2016 tarihleri arasında acil polikliniğine başvuran alt üriner sistem ve penis yaralanmaları hastalarının dosyaları retrospektif olarak hastanemiz otomasyon sistemi taranarak incelendi. Hastalar demografik özellikler, etyoloji, eşlik eden yaralanma ve cerrahi sonuçları açısından değerlendirildi.Bulgular: Belirtilen tarihler arasında acil polikliniğine 14 mesane, 38 üretra ve penis yaralanması olmak üzere toplam 52 hastanın başvurduğu görüldü. Mesane yaralanması olan 14 hastanın 10’u erkek iken dördü kadın idi. Üretra ve penis yaralanması olan tüm hastalar erkek iken bu hastaların 22’sinde üretra 14’ünde penis yaralanması, ikisinde ise hem penis hem üretra yaralanması mevcut idi. Kavernozum yaralanması olan hastaların 12’sinde cinsel ilişki nedeniyle penil fraktür gelişmişti. İkisinde ise düşme sonra penil fraktür gelişmiş olduğu görüldü.Sonuç: Acil servise travma nedeniyle başvuran hastalarda alt üriner sistem ve penis yaralanmaları da olabileceği göz önünde bulundurularak dikkatli olunmalıdır.