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193 results on '"Musser, Steven M."'

5. Use of Whole Genome Sequencing by the Federal Interagency Collaboration for Genomics for Food and Feed Safety in the United States

Author

Stevens, Eric L., primary, Carleton, Heather A., additional, Beal, Jennifer, additional, Tillman, Glenn E., additional, Lindsey, Rebecca L., additional, Lauer, A.C., additional, Pightling, Arthur, additional, Jarvis, Karen G., additional, Ottesen, Andrea, additional, Ramachandran, Padmini, additional, Hintz, Leslie, additional, Katz, Lee S., additional, Folster, Jason P., additional, Whichard, Jean M., additional, Trees, Eija, additional, Timme, Ruth E., additional, Mcdermott, Patrick, additional, Wolpert, Beverly, additional, Bazaco, Michael, additional, Zhao, Shaohua, additional, Lindley, Sabina, additional, Bruce, Beau B., additional, Griffin, Patricia M., additional, Brown, Eric, additional, Allard, Marc, additional, Tallent, Sandra, additional, Irvin, Kari, additional, Hoffmann, Maria, additional, Wise, Matt, additional, Tauxe, Robert, additional, Gerner-Smidt, Peter, additional, Simmons, Mustafa, additional, Kissler, Bonnie, additional, Defibaugh-Chavez, Stephanie, additional, Klimke, William, additional, Agarwala, Richa, additional, Lindsay, James, additional, Cook, Kimberly, additional, Austerman, Suelee Robbe, additional, Goldman, David, additional, Mcgarry, Sherri, additional, Hale, Kis Robertson, additional, Dessai, Uday, additional, Musser, Steven M., additional, and Braden, Chris, additional

Published
2022
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11. Survey of Salmonella in raw tree nuts at retail in the United States

Author

Zhang, Guodong, primary, Hu, Lijun, additional, Luo, Yan, additional, Santillana Farakos, Sofia M, additional, Johnson, Rhoma, additional, Scott, Virginia N., additional, Curry, Phillip, additional, Melka, David, additional, Brown, Eric W., additional, Strain, Errol, additional, Bunning, Vincent K., additional, Musser, Steven M., additional, and Hammack, Thomas S., additional

Published
2021
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12. Detection, confirmation, and quantification of staphylococcal enterotoxin B in food matrixes using liquid chromatography--mass spectrometry

Author

Callahan, John H., Shefcheck, Kevin J., Williams, Tracie L., and Musser, Steven M.

Subjects
Mass spectrometry -- Analysis, Liquid chromatography -- Usage, Bacterial toxins -- Research, Chemistry
Abstract

Although immunoassay-based methods are sensitive and widely used for measuring protein toxins in food matrixes, there is a need for methods that can directly confirm the molecular identity of the toxin in situations where immunoassay tests yield a positive result. A method has been developed that uses mass spectrometry to identify a protein toxin, staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB), in a model food matrix, apple juice. The approach employs ultrafiltration to remove low molecular weight components from the sample, after which the remaining high molecular weight fraction, containing the protein, is digested with trypsin. The tryptic fragments are separated from residual biopolymers and analyzed by liquid chromatography-electrospray mass spectrometry. The background is still sufficiently complex that tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) is used to confirm the identity of target peptides. Limits of detection are 80 ng of SEB for MS and 100 ng for full scan MS/MS, using a tryptic fragment as the analytical target. Lower detection limits can be obtained using selected ion monitoring and multiple reaction monitoring. The presence of SEB can be confirmed at concentrations as low as 5 parts-per-billion by increasing the size of the sample to 10 mL. The method is applicable to the detection of SEB in other water-soluble food matrixes.

Published
2006

15. Relative quantitation of intact proteins of bacterial cell extracts using coextracted proteins as internal standards

Author

Williams, Tracie L., Callahan, John H., Monday, Steven R., Feng, Peter C.H., and Musser, Steven M.

Subjects
Chemistry, Analytic -- Research, Proteins -- Research, Chemistry
Abstract

A method for quantitating protein expression using LC/ MS of whole proteins is described. This method is based on the fact that some proteins present in cells are abundant universal proteins whose expression levels exhibit little variation. This method demonstrates that these coextracted proteins can be used as internal standards to which the other proteins in the sample can be compared. By comparing the intensities of a selected protein to marker proteins, or internal standards, a relative ratio is obtained. This ratio can then be used to determine the relative amount of protein expression between cellular extracts. The validity of this approach is described for a standard protein mixture, as well as, E. coli cells that were known to differentially express green fluorescent protein.

Published
2004

20. Contamination of botanical dietary supplements by Digitalis lanata

Author

Slifman, Nancy R., Obermeyer, William R., Aloi, Brenda K., Musser, Steven M., Correll, William A., Jr., Cichowicz, Stanley M., Betz, Joseph M., and Love, Lori A.

Subjects
Medicine, Herbal -- Contamination, Digitalis -- Physiological aspects
Abstract

Two cases are reported of patients who were hospitalized after they ingested an herbal preparation that was contaminated with the plant Digitalis lanata. This plant contains compounds similar to digoxin, which is used to treat heart failure. The two women had begun taking the herbal preparation as a form of internal cleansing. Both had elevated blood levels of digoxin. The FDA was notified and found that the herbal product had been imported from Germany and distributed widely. Testing of samples revealed that the plantain component was contaminated with Digitalis lanata.

Published
1998

21. 2,7-Diaminomitosene, a monofunctional mitomycin C derivative, alkylates DNA in the major groove. Structure and base-sequence specificity of the DNA adduct and mechanism of the alkylation

Author

Kumar, Gopinatha Suresh, Musser, Steven M., Cummings, Jeffrey, and Tomasz, Maria

Subjects
Alkylation -- Research, Mitomycin -- Analysis, DNA -- Research, Chemistry
Abstract

The carbamate function of 2,7-diaminomitosene (DAM) alkylates DNA in the major groove monofunctionally upon reductive activation. A guanine-N7-2,7-DAM adduct was isolated from the drug-DNA complex upon heating to determine its structure, mechanism of formation and DNA sequence specificity. Results show that the selective removal of the aziridine function of mitomycin C leads to a switch from minor to major groove alkylation of DNA as well as a switch of sequence specificity from guanines in CpG to guanines in (G)n tracts.

Published
1996

24. High resolution clustering of Salmonella enterica serovar Montevideo strains using a next-generation sequencing approach

Author

Allard Marc W, Luo Yan, Strain Errol, Li Cong, Keys Christine E, Son Insook, Stones Robert, Musser Steven M, and Brown Eric W

Subjects
Biotechnology, TP248.13-248.65, Genetics, QH426-470
Abstract

Abstract Background Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) is increasingly being used as a molecular epidemiologic tool for discerning ancestry and traceback of the most complicated, difficult to resolve bacterial pathogens. Making a linkage between possible food sources and clinical isolates requires distinguishing the suspected pathogen from an environmental background and placing the variation observed into the wider context of variation occurring within a serovar and among other closely related foodborne pathogens. Equally important is the need to validate these high resolution molecular tools for use in molecular epidemiologic traceback. Such efforts include the examination of strain cluster stability as well as the cumulative genetic effects of sub-culturing on these clusters. Numerous isolates of S. Montevideo were shot-gun sequenced including diverse lineage representatives as well as numerous replicate clones to determine how much variability is due to bias, sequencing error, and or the culturing of isolates. All new draft genomes were compared to 34 S. Montevideo isolates previously published during an NGS-based molecular epidemiological case study. Results Intraserovar lineages of S. Montevideo differ by thousands of SNPs, that are only slightly less than the number of SNPs observed between S. Montevideo and other distinct serovars. Much less variability was discovered within an individual S. Montevideo clade implicated in a recent foodborne outbreak as well as among individual NGS replicates. These findings were similar to previous reports documenting homopolymeric and deletion error rates with the Roche 454 GS Titanium technology. In no case, however, did variability associated with sequencing methods or sample preparations create inconsistencies with our current phylogenetic results or the subsequent molecular epidemiological evidence gleaned from these data. Conclusions Implementation of a validated pipeline for NGS data acquisition and analysis provides highly reproducible results that are stable and predictable for molecular epidemiological applications. When draft genomes are collected at 15×-20× coverage and passed through a quality filter as part of a data analysis pipeline, including sub-passaged replicates defined by a few SNPs, they can be accurately placed in a phylogenetic context. This reproducibility applies to all levels within and between serovars of Salmonella suggesting that investigators using these methods can have confidence in their conclusions.

Published
2012
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25. Whole genome sequencing uses for foodborne contamination and compliance: Discovery of an emerging contamination event in an ice cream facility using whole genome sequencing

Author

Allard, Marc W., primary, Strain, Errol, additional, Rand, Hugh, additional, Melka, David, additional, Correll, William A., additional, Hintz, Leslie, additional, Stevens, Eric, additional, Timme, Ruth, additional, Lomonaco, Sara, additional, Chen, Yi, additional, Musser, Steven M., additional, and Brown, Eric W., additional

Published
2019
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28. Survey of Foodborne Pathogens, Aerobic Plate Counts, Total Coliform Counts, and Escherichia coli Counts in Leafy Greens, Sprouts, and Melons Marketed in the United States

Author

Zhang, Guodong, primary, Chen, Yi, additional, Hu, Lijun, additional, Melka, David, additional, Wang, Hua, additional, Laasri, Anna, additional, Brown, Eric W., additional, Strain, Errol, additional, Allard, Marc, additional, Bunning, Vincent K., additional, Parish, Mickey, additional, Musser, Steven M., additional, and Hammack, Thomas S., additional

Published
2018
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29. Prevalence of Salmonella in 11 Spices Offered for Sale from Retail Establishments and in Imported Shipments Offered for Entry to the United States

Author

Zhang, Guodong, primary, Hu, Lijun, additional, Pouillot, Régis, additional, Tatavarthy, Aparna, additional, Van Doren, Jane M., additional, Kleinmeier, Daria, additional, Ziobro, George C., additional, Melka, David, additional, Wang, Hua, additional, Brown, Eric W., additional, Strain, Errol, additional, Bunning, Vincent K., additional, Musser, Steven M., additional, and Hammack, Thomas S., additional

Published
2017
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30. Prevalence of Salmonella in Cashews, Hazelnuts, Macadamia Nuts, Pecans, Pine Nuts, and Walnuts in the United States

Author

Zhang, Guodong, primary, Hu, Lijun, additional, Melka, David, additional, Wang, Hua, additional, Laasri, Anna, additional, Brown, Eric W., additional, Strain, Errol, additional, Allard, Marc, additional, Bunning, Vincent K., additional, Musser, Steven M., additional, Johnson, Rhoma, additional, Farakos, Sofia M.Santillana, additional, Scott, Virginia N., additional, Pouillot, Régis, additional, Van Doren, Jane M., additional, and Hammack, Thomas S., additional

Published
2017
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32. Survey of Foodborne Pathogens, Aerobic Plate Counts, Total Coliform Counts, and Escherichia coli Counts in Leafy Greens, Sprouts, and Melons Marketed in the United States.

Author

GUODONG ZHANG, YI CHEN, LIJUN HU, DAVID MELKA, HUAWANG, LAASRI, ANNA, BROWN, ERIC W., STRAIN, ERROL, ALLARD, MARC, BUNNING, VINCENT K., PARISH, MICKEY, MUSSER, STEVEN M., and HAMMACK, THOMAS S.

Subjects
FOOD pathogens, COLIFORMS, ESCHERICHIA coli, SPROUTS, VEROCYTOTOXINS
Abstract

The objective of this research was to assess the microbiological status of leafy greens, sprouts, and melons from U.S. markets. A total of 14,183 samples of leafy greens, 2,652 samples of sprouts, and 3,411 samples of melons were collected throughout the United States from 2009 to 2014. The samples were analyzed for aerobic plate counts, total coliform counts, Escherichia coli counts, and the presence and levels of Salmonella, Shigella, Listeria monocytogenes, and Shiga toxin--producing E. coli (STEC), depending on the year and type of produce. Among the leafy greens, no E. coli O157:H7 or non-O157 STEC were detected from iceberg lettuce samples. The overall prevalences of Salmonella, E. coli O157:H7, non-O157 STEC, and L. monocytogenes in the 14,183 samples of leafy greens were 0.05, 0.01, 0.07, and 0.11%, respectively. Among sprout samples, no Salmonella or E. coli O157:H7 was detected, and the overall prevalences of non-O157 STEC and L. monocytogenes were 0.04 and 0.11%, respectively. Among melon samples, no Salmonella was detected from cucumbers, no L. monocytogenes was detected from cantaloupes, and the overall prevalences of Salmonella and L. monocytogenes were 0.12 and 0.23%, respectively. L. monocytogenes levels were 0.4 to 1,470 most probable number (MPN)/g in leafy greens, 0.36 to 1,100 MPN/g in sprouts, and <0.03 to 150 MPN/g in melons, and most positive samples had low levels of these pathogens. The isolates from these foods were very diverse genetically. Foodborne pathogens, including Salmonella, STEC, and L. monocytogenes, had relatively low prevalences in the produce surveyed. Because these foods are usually consumed raw, measures should be taken to significantly minimize the presence and levels of human pathogens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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34. Fully Assembled Genome Sequence for Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica Serovar Javiana CFSAN001992

Author

Allard, Marc W., primary, Muruvanda, Tim, additional, Strain, Errol, additional, Timme, Ruth, additional, Luo, Yan, additional, Wang, Charles, additional, Keys, Christine E., additional, Payne, Justin, additional, Cooper, Tony, additional, Luong, Khai, additional, Song, Yi, additional, Chin, Chen-Shan, additional, Korlach, Jonas, additional, Roberts, Richard J., additional, Evans, Peter, additional, Musser, Steven M., additional, and Brown, Eric W., additional

Published
2014
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36. Survey of Foodborne Pathogens, Aerobic Plate Counts, Total Coliform Counts, and Escherichia coliCounts in Leafy Greens, Sprouts, and Melons Marketed in the United States

Author

Zhang, Guodong, Chen, Yi, Hu, Lijun, Melka, David, Wang, Hua, Laasri, Anna, Brown, Eric W., Strain, Errol, Allard, Marc, Bunning, Vincent K., Parish, Mickey, Musser, Steven M., and Hammack, Thomas S.

Abstract

The objective of this research was to assess the microbiological status of leafy greens, sprouts, and melons from U.S. markets. A total of 14,183 samples of leafy greens, 2,652 samples of sprouts, and 3,411 samples of melons were collected throughout the United States from 2009 to 2014. The samples were analyzed for aerobic plate counts, total coliform counts, Escherichia colicounts, and the presence and levels of Salmonella, Shigella, Listeria monocytogenes,and Shiga toxin–producing E. coli(STEC), depending on the year and type of produce. Among the leafy greens, no E. coliO157:H7 or non-O157 STEC were detected from iceberg lettuce samples. The overall prevalences of Salmonella, E. coliO157:H7, non-O157 STEC, and L. monocytogenesin the 14,183 samples of leafy greens were 0.05, 0.01, 0.07, and 0.11%, respectively. Among sprout samples, no Salmonellaor E. coliO157:H7 was detected, and the overall prevalences of non-O157 STEC and L. monocytogeneswere 0.04 and 0.11%, respectively. Among melon samples, no Salmonellawas detected from cucumbers, no L. monocytogeneswas detected from cantaloupes, and the overall prevalences of Salmonellaand L. monocytogeneswere 0.12 and 0.23%, respectively. L. monocytogeneslevels were 0.4 to 1,470 most probable number (MPN)/g in leafy greens, 0.36 to 1,100 MPN/g in sprouts, and <0.03 to 150 MPN/g in melons, and most positive samples had low levels of these pathogens. The isolates from these foods were very diverse genetically. Foodborne pathogens, including Salmonella,STEC, and L. monocytogenes,had relatively low prevalences in the produce surveyed. Because these foods are usually consumed raw, measures should be taken to significantly minimize the presence and levels of human pathogens.

Published
2018
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37. Prevalence of Salmonellain 11 Spices Offered for Sale from Retail Establishments and in Imported Shipments Offered for Entry to the United States

Author

Zhang, Guodong, Hu, Lijun, Pouillot, Régis, Tatavarthy, Aparna, Van Doren, Jane M., Kleinmeier, Daria, Ziobro, George C., Melka, David, Wang, Hua, Brown, Eric W., Strain, Errol, Bunning, Vincent K., Musser, Steven M., and Hammack, Thomas S.

Abstract

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration conducted a survey to evaluate Salmonellaprevalence and aerobic plate counts in packaged (dried) spices offered for sale at retail establishments in the United States. The study included 7,250 retail samples of 11 spice types that were collected during November 2013 to September 2014 and October 2014 to March 2015. No Salmonella-positive samples (based on analysis of 125 g) were found among retail samples of cumin seed (whole or ground), sesame seed (whole, not roasted or toasted, and not black), and white pepper (ground or cracked), for prevalence estimates of 0.00% with 95% Clopper and Pearson's confidence intervals of 0.00 to 0.67%, 0.00 to 0.70%, and 0.00 to 0.63%, respectively. Salmonellaprevalence estimates (confidence intervals) for the other eight spice types were 0.19% (0.0048 to 1.1%) for basil leaf (whole, ground, crushed, or flakes), 0.24% (0.049 to 0.69%) for black pepper (whole, ground, or cracked), 0.56% (0.11 to 1.6%) for coriander seed (ground), 0.19% (0.0049 to 1.1%) for curry powder (ground mixture of spices), 0.49% (0.10 to 1.4%) for dehydrated garlic (powder, granules, or flakes), 0.15% (0.0038 to 0.83%) for oregano leaf (whole, ground, crushed, or flakes), 0.25% (0.03 to 0.88%) for paprika (ground or cracked), and 0.64% (0.17 to 1.6%) for red pepper (hot red pepper, e.g., chili, cayenne; ground, cracked, crushed, or flakes). Salmonellaisolates were serotyped, and genomes were sequenced. Samples of these same 11 spice types were also examined from shipments of imported spices offered for entry to the United States from 1 October 2011 to 30 September 2015. Salmonellaprevalence estimates (based on analysis of two 375-g composite samples) for shipments of imported spices were 1.7 to 18%. The Salmonellaprevalence estimates for spices offered for sale at retail establishments for all of the spice types except dehydrated garlic and basil were significantly lower than estimates for shipments of imported spice offered for entry.

Published
2017
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39. Fully Assembled Genome Sequence for Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica Serovar Javiana CFSAN001992

Author

Allard, Marc W., primary, Muruvanda, Tim, additional, Strain, Errol, additional, Timme, Ruth, additional, Luo, Yan, additional, Wang, Charles, additional, Keys, Christine E., additional, Payne, Justin, additional, Cooper, Tony, additional, Luong, Khai, additional, Song, Yi, additional, Chin, Chen-Shan, additional, Korlach, Jonas, additional, Roberts, Rich J., additional, Evans, Peter, additional, Musser, Steven M., additional, and Brown, Eric W., additional

Published
2013
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41. On the Evolutionary History, Population Genetics and Diversity among Isolates of Salmonella Enteritidis PFGE Pattern JEGX01.0004

Author

Allard, Marc W., primary, Luo, Yan, additional, Strain, Errol, additional, Pettengill, James, additional, Timme, Ruth, additional, Wang, Charles, additional, Li, Cong, additional, Keys, Christine E., additional, Zheng, Jie, additional, Stones, Robert, additional, Wilson, Mark R., additional, Musser, Steven M., additional, and Brown, Eric W., additional

Published
2013
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42. Draft Genome Sequences of 21 Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis Strains

Author

Timme, Ruth E., primary, Allard, Marc W., additional, Luo, Yan, additional, Strain, Errol, additional, Pettengill, James, additional, Wang, Charles, additional, Li, Cong, additional, Keys, Christine E., additional, Zheng, Jie, additional, Stones, Robert, additional, Wilson, Mark R., additional, Musser, Steven M., additional, and Brown, Eric W., additional

Published
2012
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43. Prevalence of Salmonellain Cashews, Hazelnuts, Macadamia Nuts, Pecans, Pine Nuts, and Walnuts in the United States

Author

Zhang, Guodong, Hu, Lijun, Melka, David, Wang, Hua, Laasri, Anna, Brown, Eric W., Strain, Errol, Allard, Marc, Bunning, Vincent K., Musser, Steven M., Johnson, Rhoma, Farakos, Sofia M.Santillana, Scott, Virginia N., Pouillot, Régis, Van Doren, Jane M., and Hammack, Thomas S.

Abstract

Nuts have been identified as a vector for salmonellosis. The objective of this project was to estimate the prevalence and contamination level of Salmonellain raw tree nuts (cashews, pecans, hazelnuts, macadamia nuts, pine nuts, and walnuts) at retail markets in the United States. A total of 3,656 samples of six types of tree nuts were collected from different types of retail stores and markets nationwide between October 2014 and October 2015. These samples were analyzed using a modified version of the Salmonellaculture method from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration's Bacteriological Analytical Manual. Of the 3,656 samples collected and tested, 32 were culturally confirmed as containing Salmonella. These isolates represented 25 serotypes. Salmonellawas not detected in pecans and in-shell hazelnuts. Salmonellaprevalence estimates (and 95% confidence intervals) in cashews, shelled hazelnuts, pine nuts, walnuts, and macadamia nuts were 0.55% [0.15, 1.40], 0.35% [0.04, 1.20], 0.48% [0.10, 1.40], 1.20% [0.53, 2.40], and 4.20% [2.40, 6.90], respectively. The rates of Salmonellaisolation from major or big chain supermarkets, small chain supermarkets, discount, variety, or drug stores, and online were 0.64% [0.38, 1.00], 1.60% [0.80, 2.90], 0.00% [0.00, 2.40], and 13.64% [2.90, 35.00], respectively (Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test: P= 0.02). The rates of Salmonellaisolation for conventional and organic nuts were not significantly different. Of the samples containing Salmonella,60.7% had levels less than 0.003 most probable number (MPN)/g. The highest contamination level observed was 0.092 MPN/g. The prevalence and levels of Salmonellain these tree nut samples were comparable to those previously reported for similar foods.

Published
2017
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