11,167 results on '"Myhre, A."'
Search Results
2. Multifaceted aerosol effects on precipitation
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Stier, Philip, van den Heever, Susan C., Christensen, Matthew W., Gryspeerdt, Edward, Dagan, Guy, Saleeby, Stephen M., Bollasina, Massimo, Donner, Leo, Emanuel, Kerry, Ekman, Annica M. L., Feingold, Graham, Field, Paul, Forster, Piers, Haywood, Jim, Kahn, Ralph, Koren, Ilan, Kummerow, Christian, L’Ecuyer, Tristan, Lohmann, Ulrike, Ming, Yi, Myhre, Gunnar, Quaas, Johannes, Rosenfeld, Daniel, Samset, Bjorn, Seifert, Axel, Stephens, Graeme, and Tao, Wei-Kuo
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- 2024
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3. Exploring Personal, Relational, and Collective Experiences and Mentorship Connections That Enhance or Inhibit Professional Development and Career Advancement of Native American Faculty in STEM Fields: A Qualitative Study
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Blakely Brown, Maja Pedersen, Jennifer Harrington, Annie Belcourt, Sweeney Windchief, Aaron Thomas, Ruth Plenty Sweetgrass-She Kills, Otakuye Conroy-Ben, Erik Brodt, Karletta Chief, Serra Hoagland, Michelle Johnson-Jennings, Jordan Lewis, Kirsten Green Mink, Kathryn C. A. Milligan-Myhre, Matthew Calhoun, Angela Ozburn, Vanessa Simonds, Anne Des Rosier Grant, Salena Hill, and Ke Wu
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Mentorship programs for Native American (NA) faculty in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields hold significant promise toward developing, recruiting, and retaining NA members of the professoriate. In 2018, a qualitative study was conducted that explored experiences, and mentoring relationships that enhanced or inhibited professional development and career advancement of NA faculty and instructors in STEM fields. The study used Indigenous Research Methodologies to coconstruct a conversational moderator's guide aligning with Indigenous community ontology. Interview questions were developed from the existing literature and programs and the project teams' expertise. Twenty-three NA faculty and instructors and a postdoctoral trainee in STEM fields participated in the interviews. Transcripts were coded, organized, and interpreted. Themes and subthemes were generated, which were noted for relevance to the theoretical framework. Participants described their experience working in higher education as viewed through their academic, social and cultural values, relationships, and responsibilities. Common themes included the: (1) importance of peer, senior and community mentors, (2) value of oral presentation to professional development, (3) need for social connectedness and work--life balance, and (4) importance of increasing institutional knowledge about Indigenous values and research methodologies. Several themes aligned with TribalCrit, allowing for a strong critique of NA faculty mentoring by NA's in higher education. The narratives underscore the need for institutions to deliver professional development and mentoring programs for NA faculty and for administrators to strengthen institutional supports to improve NA faculty achievement.
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- 2024
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4. The Barriers and Facilitators to Abuse Disclosure and Psychosocial Support Needs in Children and Adolescents around the Time of Disclosure
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Else-Marie Augusti and Mia Catherine Myhre
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Background: Children who experience sexual or physical abuse often delay their disclosure. This study aimed to clarify the barriers and facilitators to abuse disclosure in a sample of children and adolescents participating in a police interview regarding alleged abuse. Method: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 13 children (nine girls) who participated in a police interview regarding alleged abuse. They were asked about their abuse disclosure, their own and others' reactions to it, and the help and support they received from health service providers and other adults. Thematic analysis was used to identify themes, categories, and subthemes in the data. Results: The key theme that emerged was the domino effect of disclosures, which occurred in three ways--unintentionally, delayed, or to professionals. Delays in, and reluctance to, disclose is explained in various ways. Four sub-categories emerged: ambivalence in personal and others' reactions, missed opportunities, reflection depending on age, and varied psychosocial support needs. Notably, disclosure delays did occur because children identified abusive acts as transgressions or did not considered the abuse significant. Discussion: The present study reveals the significance of others' reactions to children's disclosures. The pattern showed supportive responses when children reported transgressions committed by adults, whereas peer abuse was met with mixed responses. Importantly, health care providers such as doctors and psychologists were not preferred confidants. In line with previous research, disclosure to friends or non-abusive family members was more common. The present findings underscore the difficulty with which children disclose abusive experiences, even in instances where it led to a police investigation. Conclusions: Child care practitioners need to be better equipped to meet a basic standard facilitating children to confide in others about abusive experiences. To increase the likelihood of keeping children in therapy after abuse, more active involvement of the child during clinical intervention seems important.
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- 2024
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5. Is from ought? A comparison of unsupervised methods for structuring values-based wisdom-of-crowds estimates
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Brugnone, Nathan, Benkler, Noam, Revay, Peter, Myhre, Rebecca, Friedman, Scott, Schmer-Galunder, Sonja, Gray, Steven, and Gentile, James
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- 2024
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6. Early versus delayed coronary angiography in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and no ST-segment elevation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
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Hamidi, Fardin, Anwari, Elaaha, Spaulding, Christian, Hauw-Berlemont, Caroline, Vilfaillot, Aurélie, Viana-Tejedor, Ana, Kern, Karl B., Hsu, Chiu-Hsieh, Bergmark, Brian A., Qamar, Arman, Bhatt, Deepak L., Furtado, Remo H. M., Myhre, Peder L., Hengstenberg, Christian, Lang, Irene M., Frey, Norbert, Freund, Anne, Desch, Steffen, Thiele, Holger, Preusch, Michael R., and Zelniker, Thomas A.
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- 2024
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7. Altered Genome-Wide DNA Methylation in the Duodenum of Common Variable Immunodeficiency Patients
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Yang, Mingyi, Kaarbø, Mari, Myhre, Vegard, Reims, Henrik M., Karlsen, Tom H., Wang, Junbai, Rognes, Torbjørn, Halvorsen, Bente, Fevang, Børre, Lundin, Knut E. A., Aukrust, Pål, Bjørås, Magnar, and Jørgensen, Silje F.
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- 2024
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8. Rare Disease Patient Registry & Natural History Study - Coordination of Rare Diseases at Sanford (CoRDS)
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National Ataxia Foundation, International WAGR Syndrome Association, 4p- Support Group, ML4 Foundation, Cornelia de Lange Syndrome Foundation, Stickler Involved People, Kawasaki Disease Foundation, Klippel-Feil Syndrome Alliance, Klippel-Feil Syndrome Freedom, Hyperacusis Research Limited, Hypersomnia Foundation, Kabuki Syndrome Network, Kleine-Levin Syndrome Foundation, Leiomyosarcoma Direct Research Foundation, Marinesco-Sjogren Syndrome Support Group - NORD, Mucolipidosis Type IV (ML4) Foundation, People with Narcolepsy 4 People with Narcolepsy (PWN4PWN), Soft Bones Incorporated, American Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Support, Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome Foundation, All Things Kabuki, Wiedemann-Steiner Syndrome Foundation, Breast Implant Victim Advocates, PROS Foundation, American Behcet's Disease Association, Alstrom United Kingdom, Athymia, Curing Retinal Blindness Foundation, HSAN1E Society, 1p36 Deletion Support and Awareness, The Alagille Syndrome Alliance, Autoinflammatory Alliance, Beyond Batten Disease Foundation, Bohring-Opitz Syndrome Foundation, INC, Cockayne Syndrome Network (Share and Care), CRMO Foundation, Cure VCP Disease,INC, FOD Support, Cystinosis Research Foundation, Global DARE Foundation, Hypnic Jerk-Sleep Myoclonus Support Group, Jansen's Foundation, KCNMA1 Channelopathy International Advocacy Foundation, Kawasaki Disease Foundation Australia, Life with LEMS Foundation, Lowe Syndrome Association, The Malan Syndrome Foundation, Maple Syrup Urine Disease Family Support Group, International Association for Muscle Glycogen Storage Disease (IamGSD), Myhre Syndrome Foundation, DNM1 Families, Nicolaides Baraitser Syndrome (NCBRS) Worldwide Foundation, The PBCers Organization, Pitt Hopkins Research Foundation, Recurrent Meningitis Association, Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis Foundation, Remember the Girls, Smith-Kingsmore Syndrome Foundation, SPG Research Foundation, Team Telomere, Transient Global Amnesia Project, The Charlotte & Gwenyth Gray Foundation, The Cute Syndrome Foundation, The Maddi Foundation, White Sutton Syndrome Foundation, Zmynd11 Gene Disorder, Cauda Equina Foundation, Inc, Tango2 Research Foundation, Noah's Hope - Hope4Bridget Foundation, Project Sebastian, SMC1A Epilepsy Foundation, International Foundation for Gastrointestinal Disorders, Endosalpingiosis Foundation, Inc, International Sacral Agenesis/Caudal Regression Association (ISACRA), Scheuermann's Disease Fund, Batten Disease Support and Research Association, Kennedy's Disease Association, Cure Mito Foundation, Warburg Micro Research Foundation, Cure Mucolipidosis, Riaan Research Initiative, CureARS A NJ Nonprofit Corporation, CACNA1H Alliance, IMBS Alliance, SHINE-Syndrome Foundaion, Non- Ketotic Hyperglycinemia (NKH) Crusaders, Hypertrophic Olivary Degeneration Association (HODA), National Organization for Disorders of the Corpus Callosum (NODCC), Team4Travis, Taylor's Tale Foundation, Lambert Eaton (LEMS) Family Association, BARE Inc, STAG1 Gene Foundation, Coffin Lowry Syndrome Foundation, BLFS Incorporate, Aniridia North America, Cure Blau Syndrome Foundation, ARG1D Foundation, CURE HSPB8 Myopathy, International Society of Mannosidosis and Related Disorders, TBX4Life, Cure DHDDS, MANDKind Foundation, Krishnan Family Foundation, and SPATA Foundation
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- 2024
9. N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide levels vary by ethnicity and are associated with insulin sensitivity after gestational diabetes mellitus
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Archana Sharma, Kåre I. Birkeland, Ingrid Nermoen, Christine Sommer, Elisabeth Qvigstad, Sindre Lee-Ødegård, Kari A. Sveen, Naveed Sattar, Stina T. Sollid, Torbjørn Omland, and Peder L. Myhre
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NT-proBNP ,Ethnicity ,Gestational diabetes mellitus ,Heart disease ,Insulin sensitivity ,Normoglycemia ,Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,RC666-701 - Abstract
Abstract Background Individuals of South Asian origin have a greater risk of cardiovascular disease after gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) than European individuals. B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and the amino-terminal fragment of its prohormone (NT-proBNP) are commonly used for heart failure screening and diagnosis, but biologically BNP exerts several beneficial cardiovascular effects primarily by counteracting the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-system. We asked whether ethnic differences in circulating NT-proBNP levels could be explained by the differences in cardiometabolic and inflammatory risk markers? Methods We examined 162 South Asian and 107 Nordic women in Norway 1–3 years after GDM with a clinical examination, fasting blood samples and an oral glucose tolerance test. We measured the levels of NT-proBNP, high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), leptin, adiponectin and markers of insulin sensitivity, such as the Matsuda insulin sensitivity index (ISI). Finally, we tried to identify which independent covariate best mediated the ethnic differences in NT-proBNP. Results The mean (SD) age was 35.3 (4.5) years, BMI 29.1 (6.0) kg/m2, waist-height ratio 0.60 (0.08) and 164 women (61%) had prediabetes/diabetes. Notably, South Asian women had lower levels of NT-proBNP than Nordic women in both the normoglycemic and prediabetes/diabetes groups (median (IQR) 26 (15–38) vs. 42 (22–66) ng/L, p
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- 2024
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10. How and why does it work? A video-based qualitative analysis of case conferences to reduce BPSD through the lens of Habermas’s theory of communicative action
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Janne Myhre and Bjørn Lichtwarck
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TIME ,Case conferences ,Video-based study ,Communicative actions ,Habermas ,BPSD ,Psychiatry ,RC435-571 - Abstract
Abstract Background Case conferences are described as a goal-oriented, systematic method that team members can use to exchange professional opinions and develop treatment actions for a particular care problem. However, not all case conferences have proven to be effective. The Norwegian Targeted Interdisciplinary Model for the Evaluation and Treatment of Neuropsychiatric Symptoms (TIME) is an effective multicomponent model based on case conferences that informs approaches to behavioural and psychological symptoms in residents with dementia in nursing homes. Our aim was to explore how TIME case conferences structured based on cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) contributed to person-centred actions and how the specific inductive structure of the TIME may have contributed to the effectiveness of the model. Methods We used video observation of six case conferences and analysed these videos by performing a thematic cross-case analysis of the transcripts from the videos and by iteratively watching the videos. According to Habermas’s theory of communicative action, we emphasized the case conference content, i.e., what was talked about in the case conferences, and the display of communication between the participants in the case conferences. Results Our findings showed that the theoretical principles behind the TIME, including both person-centred care and the inductive structure of CBT, reflected many aspects of Habermas’s theory of communicative actions. In particular, the TIME case conferences emphasized the lifeworld perspective for both residents and staff and contributed to what Habermas labelled communicative rationality as a means to develop shared understanding among staff and create person-centred action. Conclusions One causal assumption of how and why the TIME case conferences contributed to the effectiveness of the TIME in reducing BPSD in nursing homes is that the specific inductive structure of the case conferences with the column technique based on the ABC method together with PCC, emphasized the importance of the lifeworld for both the resident and the staff. Even though case conferences have been highlighted as useful, it is not indifferent how these case conferences are structured and conducted. Clinical trial registration The trial TIME was registered January 6, 2016, with clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02655003).
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- 2024
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11. Cultural factors influencing COVID-19-related perceptions and behavior, seen from immigrants’ own perspective – a qualitative study in Norway
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Solveig Vederhus, Eirik Myhre, Esperanza Diaz, and Liv Grimstvedt Kvalvik
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Health behaviour ,Culture ,Cultural competence ,COVID-19 ,Immigrant ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Abstract Background Cultural factors are often mentioned as a possible explanation for the observed differences between immigrant populations compared to general populations with regards to COVID-19 disease burden and vaccination rates, but usually without any further exploration of what this entails. This paper aims to capture the thoughts of immigrants themselves and explore how they think culture may or may not have affected vaccination rates and health behavior during the pandemic. Methods We performed qualitative interviews with 18 immigrants from Poland, Somalia and Sri Lanka living in Norway. Group interviews and individual interviews were transcribed and analyzed using systematic text condensation. Results We identified four main themes the participants thought could influence spread of infection and vaccine hesitancy: cultural factors, transcultural factors, host society factors, and other personal factors. Social habits, religious traditions, attitudes towards and trust in the healthcare system, sense of community and societal duty were understood as cultural factors that influenced health behavior and vaccination hesitancy. However, different cultural factors could have varied impact on immigrants’ behavior related to COVID-19 and possibly other health settings for different immigrant groups. In addition, we found examples of other factors related to being ‘between cultures’, and we found structural and socioeconomic factors not linked to culture. Conclusions Our paper brings awareness to how rules and guidelines may hit harder and interfere more in the way of life in some communities than others. In the continued work towards equity in health promotion and healthcare services, policymakers ought to keep the existence of such cultural differences in mind, to be able to make policies well fitted to ensure good health and quality of life for all.
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- 2024
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12. Serious Play: Youth and the Deployment of Culturally Subversive Sign Within Postmodern Capitalism
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Skott-Myhre, Hans, Wyn, Johanna, editor, Cahill, Helen, editor, and Cuervo, Hernán, editor
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- 2024
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13. Orthogeriatric Care in the Emergency and Perioperative Setting
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Jensen, Charlotte Myhre, Skúladóttir, Sigrún Sunna, Palm, Henrik, Rogmark, Cecilia, Santy-Tomlinson, Julie, Series Editor, Falaschi, Paolo, Series Editor, and Hertz, Karen, Series Editor
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- 2024
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14. N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide levels vary by ethnicity and are associated with insulin sensitivity after gestational diabetes mellitus
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Sharma, Archana, Birkeland, Kåre I., Nermoen, Ingrid, Sommer, Christine, Qvigstad, Elisabeth, Lee-Ødegård, Sindre, Sveen, Kari A., Sattar, Naveed, Sollid, Stina T., Omland, Torbjørn, and Myhre, Peder L.
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- 2024
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15. How and why does it work? A video-based qualitative analysis of case conferences to reduce BPSD through the lens of Habermas’s theory of communicative action
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Myhre, Janne and Lichtwarck, Bjørn
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- 2024
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16. Correction: PReventing and Approaching Crises for frail community-dwelling patients Through Innovative Care (PRACTIC): protocol for an effectiveness cluster randomised controlled trial
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Væringstad, Anette, Dalbak, Ellen Thea Gjelseth, Holle, Daniela, Myhre, Janne, Kirkevold, Øyvind, Bergh, Sverre, and Lichtwarck, Bjørn
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- 2024
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17. Satellite-based analysis of top of atmosphere shortwave radiative forcing trend induced by biomass burning aerosols over South-Eastern Atlantic
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Jouan, Caroline and Myhre, Gunnar
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- 2024
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18. PReventing and Approaching Crises for frail community-dwelling patients Through Innovative Care (PRACTIC): protocol for an effectiveness cluster randomised controlled trial
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Væringstad, Anette, Dalbak, Ellen Thea Gjelseth, Holle, Daniela, Myhre, Janne, Kirkevold, Øyvind, Bergh, Sverre, and Lichtwarck, Bjørn
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- 2024
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19. Trajectory of cardiac troponin T following moderate-to-severe COVID-19 and the association with cardiac abnormalities
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Øvrebotten, Tarjei, Mecinaj, Albulena, Stavem, Knut, Ghanima, Waleed, Brønstad, Eivind, Durheim, Michael T, Lerum, Tøri V., Josefsen, Tony, Grimsmo, Jostein, Heck, Siri L., Omland, Torbjørn, Ingul, Charlotte B., Einvik, Gunnar, and Myhre, Peder L.
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- 2024
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20. Recent reductions in aerosol emissions have increased Earth’s energy imbalance
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Hodnebrog, Øivind, Myhre, Gunnar, Jouan, Caroline, Andrews, Timothy, Forster, Piers M., Jia, Hailing, Loeb, Norman G., Olivié, Dirk J. L., Paynter, David, Quaas, Johannes, Raghuraman, Shiv Priyam, and Schulz, Michael
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- 2024
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21. Large scale plasma proteomics identifies novel proteins and protein networks associated with heart failure development
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Shah, Amil M., Myhre, Peder L., Arthur, Victoria, Dorbala, Pranav, Rasheed, Humaira, Buckley, Leo F., Claggett, Brian, Liu, Guning, Ma, Jianzhong, Nguyen, Ngoc Quynh, Matsushita, Kunihiro, Ndumele, Chiadi, Tin, Adrienne, Hveem, Kristian, Jonasson, Christian, Dalen, Håvard, Boerwinkle, Eric, Hoogeveen, Ron C., Ballantyne, Christie, Coresh, Josef, Omland, Torbjørn, and Yu, Bing
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- 2024
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22. Analysis of acute extremity compartment syndrome using a genealogic population database
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O’Neill, Dillon C., Steffenson, Lillia N., Myhre, Luke A., Kantor, Adam H., Meeks, Huong D., Fraser, Alison M., Marchand, Lucas S., and Haller, Justin M.
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- 2024
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23. A Study on V2G impact on the Reliability of Modern Distribution Networks
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Myhre, Stine Fleischer, Fosso, Olav Bjarte, Gjerde, Oddbjørn, and Heegaard, Poul Einar
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Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Systems and Control - Abstract
The increased penetration of electrical vehicles (EVs) in the distribution system creates a power system with many small moving batteries. With better charging technologies and market structures, the opportunity of using EVs for reliability purposes increases. By utilizing EVs for Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G), they can support the distribution network during outages or other issues. In this paper, we aim to investigate the impact V2G has on the reliability of modern distribution networks. We propose three new EV-oriented reliability indices to provide an overview of the impact experienced by the EVs in the system. For the reliability study, we use our developed reliability assessment tool for distribution networks. The tool is an open available software where the example network and datasets are embedded. We have extended this reliability tool to include a method for evaluating and calculating the reliability of distribution networks containing EVs with V2G possibilities. The paper also includes a thorough sensitivity analysis to further investigate the V2G impact of different parameters., Comment: 12 pages, 13 figures
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- 2023
24. Correction: PReventing and Approaching Crises for frail community-dwelling patients Through Innovative Care (PRACTIC): protocol for an effectiveness cluster randomised controlled trial
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Anette Væringstad, Ellen Thea Gjelseth Dalbak, Daniela Holle, Janne Myhre, Øyvind Kirkevold, Sverre Bergh, and Bjørn Lichtwarck
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Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Published
- 2024
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25. Satellite-based analysis of top of atmosphere shortwave radiative forcing trend induced by biomass burning aerosols over South-Eastern Atlantic
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Caroline Jouan and Gunnar Myhre
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Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 ,Meteorology. Climatology ,QC851-999 - Abstract
Abstract This study investigates long-term changes in the shortwave direct aerosol radiative effect (DARE) at the top of the atmosphere (TOA) induced by biomass burning aerosol (BBA) transported from southern Africa to the south-eastern Atlantic (SEA) stratocumulus region during extended fire seasons. The evolution since 2002 of aerosol, cloud properties, and TOA shortwave outgoing radiation from advanced passive satellite sensors are presented, as well as the observational trend in clear-sky DAREclr and the retrieval trend in all-sky DAREall. Supplemented by chemical transport model simulations, we estimate that DAREclr has become more negative (−0.09 ± 0.06 W m−2 yr−1) due to increased aerosol presence in SEA. Meanwhile, DAREall has become more positive ( + 0.04 ± 0.15 W m−2 yr−1) due to aerosols in cloudy sky regions. This study reveals satellite capabilities in capturing complex BBA-cloud-solar radiation interactions for accurate radiative forcing estimates and projections.
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- 2024
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26. Indicators of Global Climate Change 2023: annual update of key indicators of the state of the climate system and human influence
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P. M. Forster, C. Smith, T. Walsh, W. F. Lamb, R. Lamboll, B. Hall, M. Hauser, A. Ribes, D. Rosen, N. P. Gillett, M. D. Palmer, J. Rogelj, K. von Schuckmann, B. Trewin, M. Allen, R. Andrew, R. A. Betts, A. Borger, T. Boyer, J. A. Broersma, C. Buontempo, S. Burgess, C. Cagnazzo, L. Cheng, P. Friedlingstein, A. Gettelman, J. Gütschow, M. Ishii, S. Jenkins, X. Lan, C. Morice, J. Mühle, C. Kadow, J. Kennedy, R. E. Killick, P. B. Krummel, J. C. Minx, G. Myhre, V. Naik, G. P. Peters, A. Pirani, J. Pongratz, C.-F. Schleussner, S. I. Seneviratne, S. Szopa, P. Thorne, M. V. M. Kovilakam, E. Majamäki, J.-P. Jalkanen, M. van Marle, R. M. Hoesly, R. Rohde, D. Schumacher, G. van der Werf, R. Vose, K. Zickfeld, X. Zhang, V. Masson-Delmotte, and P. Zhai
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Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 ,Geology ,QE1-996.5 - Abstract
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) assessments are the trusted source of scientific evidence for climate negotiations taking place under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). Evidence-based decision-making needs to be informed by up-to-date and timely information on key indicators of the state of the climate system and of the human influence on the global climate system. However, successive IPCC reports are published at intervals of 5–10 years, creating potential for an information gap between report cycles. We follow methods as close as possible to those used in the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report (AR6) Working Group One (WGI) report. We compile monitoring datasets to produce estimates for key climate indicators related to forcing of the climate system: emissions of greenhouse gases and short-lived climate forcers, greenhouse gas concentrations, radiative forcing, the Earth's energy imbalance, surface temperature changes, warming attributed to human activities, the remaining carbon budget, and estimates of global temperature extremes. The purpose of this effort, grounded in an open-data, open-science approach, is to make annually updated reliable global climate indicators available in the public domain (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11388387, Smith et al., 2024a). As they are traceable to IPCC report methods, they can be trusted by all parties involved in UNFCCC negotiations and help convey wider understanding of the latest knowledge of the climate system and its direction of travel. The indicators show that, for the 2014–2023 decade average, observed warming was 1.19 [1.06 to 1.30] °C, of which 1.19 [1.0 to 1.4] °C was human-induced. For the single-year average, human-induced warming reached 1.31 [1.1 to 1.7] °C in 2023 relative to 1850–1900. The best estimate is below the 2023-observed warming record of 1.43 [1.32 to 1.53] °C, indicating a substantial contribution of internal variability in the 2023 record. Human-induced warming has been increasing at a rate that is unprecedented in the instrumental record, reaching 0.26 [0.2–0.4] °C per decade over 2014–2023. This high rate of warming is caused by a combination of net greenhouse gas emissions being at a persistent high of 53±5.4 Gt CO2e yr−1 over the last decade, as well as reductions in the strength of aerosol cooling. Despite this, there is evidence that the rate of increase in CO2 emissions over the last decade has slowed compared to the 2000s, and depending on societal choices, a continued series of these annual updates over the critical 2020s decade could track a change of direction for some of the indicators presented here.
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- 2024
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27. PReventing and Approaching Crises for frail community-dwelling patients Through Innovative Care (PRACTIC): protocol for an effectiveness cluster randomised controlled trial
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Anette Væringstad, Ellen Thea Gjelseth Dalbak, Daniela Holle, Janne Myhre, Øyvind Kirkevold, Sverre Bergh, and Bjørn Lichtwarck
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Frailty ,Crises ,Home care services ,Community-dwelling people ,Psychosocial interventions ,Case conferences ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Abstract Background Demographic changes, with an increasing number and proportion of older people with multimorbidity and frailty, will put more pressure on home care services in municipalities. Frail multimorbid people receiving home care services are at high risk of developing crises, defined as critical challenges and symptoms, which demand immediate and new actions. The crises often result in adverse events, coercive measures, and acute institutionalisation. There is a lack of evidence-based interventions to prevent and resolve crises in community settings. Methods This is a participatory action research design (PAR) in a 6-month cluster randomised controlled trial (RCT). The trial will be conducted in 30 municipalities, including 150 frail community-dwelling participants receiving home care services judged by the services to be at risk of developing crisis. Each municipality (cluster) will be randomised to receive either the locally adapted TIME intervention (the intervention group) or care as usual (the control group). The Targeted Interdisciplinary Model for Evaluation and Treatment of Neuropsychiatric Symptoms (TIME) is a manual-based, multicomponent programme that includes a rigorous assessment of the crisis, one or more interdisciplinary case conferences, and the testing and evaluation of customised treatment measures. PAR in combination with an RCT will enhance adaptations of the intervention to the local context and needs. The primary outcome is as follows: difference in change between the intervention and control groups in individual goal achievement to resolve or reduce the challenges of the crises between baseline and 3 months using the PRACTIC Goal Setting Interview (PGSI). Among the secondary outcomes are the difference in change in the PGSI scale at 6 months and in neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPSs), quality of life, distress perceived by professional carers and next of kin, and institutionalisation at 3 and 6 months. Discussion Through customised interventions that involve patients, the next of kin, the social context, and health care services, crises may be prevented and resolved. The PReventing and Approaching Crises for frail community-dwelling patients Through Innovative Care (PRACTIC) study will enhance innovation for health professionals, management, and users in the development of new knowledge and a new adapted approach towards crises. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05651659. Registered 15.12.22.
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- 2024
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28. Opinion: New directions in atmospheric research offered by research infrastructures combined with open and data-intensive science
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A. Petzold, U. Bundke, A. Hienola, P. Laj, C. Lund Myhre, A. Vermeulen, A. Adamaki, W. Kutsch, V. Thouret, D. Boulanger, M. Fiebig, M. Stocker, Z. Zhao, and A. Asmi
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Physics ,QC1-999 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
The acquisition and dissemination of essential information for understanding global biogeochemical interactions between the atmosphere and ecosystems and how climate–ecosystem feedback loops may change atmospheric composition in the future comprise a fundamental prerequisite for societal resilience in the face of climate change. In particular, the detection of trends and seasonality in the abundance of greenhouse gases and short-lived climate-active atmospheric constituents is an important aspect of climate science. Therefore, easy and fast access to reliable, long-term, and high-quality observational environmental data is recognised as fundamental to research and the development of environmental forecasting and assessment services. In our opinion article, we discuss the potential role that environmental research infrastructures in Europe (ENVRI RIs) can play in the context of an integrated global observation system. In particular, we focus on the role of the atmosphere-centred research infrastructures ACTRIS (Aerosol, Clouds and Trace Gases Research Infrastructure), IAGOS (In-service Aircraft for a Global Observing System), and ICOS (Integrated Carbon Observation System), also referred to as ATMO-RIs, with their capabilities for standardised collection and provision of long-term and high-quality observational data, complemented by rich metadata. The ATMO-RIs provide data through open access and offer data interoperability across different research fields including all fields of environmental sciences and beyond. As a result of these capabilities in data collection and provision, we elaborate on the novel research opportunities in atmospheric sciences which arise from the combination of open-access and interoperable observational data, tools, and technologies offered by data-intensive science and the emerging collaboration platform ENVRI-Hub, hosted by the European Open Science Cloud (EOSC).
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- 2024
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29. Trajectory of cardiac troponin T following moderate-to-severe COVID-19 and the association with cardiac abnormalities
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Tarjei Øvrebotten, Albulena Mecinaj, Knut Stavem, Waleed Ghanima, Eivind Brønstad, Michael T Durheim, Tøri V. Lerum, Tony Josefsen, Jostein Grimsmo, Siri L. Heck, Torbjørn Omland, Charlotte B. Ingul, Gunnar Einvik, and Peder L. Myhre
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COVID-19 ,Troponin ,Echocardiography ,Cardiac function ,Biomarker ,Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,RC666-701 - Abstract
Abstract Background COVID-19 has been associated with cardiac troponin T (cTnT) elevations and changes in cardiac structure and function, but the link between cardiac dysfunction and high-sensitive cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) in the acute and convalescent phase is unclear. Objective To assess whether hs-cTnT concentrations are associated with cardiac dysfunction and structural abnormalities after hospitalization for COVID-19, and to evaluate the performance of hs-cTnT to rule out cardiac pathology. Methods Patients hospitalized with COVID-19 had hs-cTnT measured during the index hospitalization and after 3-and 12 months, when they also underwent an echocardiographic study. A subset also underwent cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) after 6 months. Cardiac abnormalities were defined as left ventricular hypertrophy or dysfunction, right ventricular dysfunction, or CMR late gadolinium. Results We included 189 patients with hs-cTnT concentrations measured during hospitalization for COVID-19, and after 3-and 12 months: Geometric mean (95%CI) 13 (11–15) ng/L, 7 (6–8) ng/L and 7 (6–8) ng/L, respectively. Cardiac abnormalities after 3 months were present in 45 (30%) and 3 (8%) of patients with hs-cTnT ≥ and
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- 2024
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30. Recent reductions in aerosol emissions have increased Earth’s energy imbalance
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Øivind Hodnebrog, Gunnar Myhre, Caroline Jouan, Timothy Andrews, Piers M. Forster, Hailing Jia, Norman G. Loeb, Dirk J. L. Olivié, David Paynter, Johannes Quaas, Shiv Priyam Raghuraman, and Michael Schulz
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Geology ,QE1-996.5 ,Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 - Abstract
Abstract The Earth’s energy imbalance is the net radiative flux at the top-of-atmosphere. Climate model simulations suggest that the observed positive imbalance trend in the previous two decades is inconsistent with internal variability alone and caused by anthropogenic forcing and the resulting climate system response. Here, we investigate anthropogenic contributions to the imbalance trend using climate models forced with observed sea-surface temperatures. We find that the effective radiative forcing due to anthropogenic aerosol emission reductions has led to a 0.2 ± 0.1 W m−2 decade−1 strengthening of the 2001–2019 imbalance trend. The multi-model ensemble reproduces the observed imbalance trend of 0.47 ± 0.17 W m−2 decade−1 but with 10-40% underestimation. With most future scenarios showing further rapid reductions of aerosol emissions due to air quality legislation, such emission reductions may continue to strengthen Earth’s energy imbalance, on top of the greenhouse gas contribution. Consequently, we may expect an accelerated surface temperature warming in this decade.
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- 2024
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31. Concordance of left ventricular volumes and function measurements between two human readers, a fully automated AI algorithm, and the 3D heart model
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Peder L. Myhre, Nicola Gaibazzi, Domenico Tuttolomondo, Daniele Sartorio, Pietro Tito Ugolotti, Marco Covani, Alberto Bettella, and Sergio Suma
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artificial intelligence ,echocardiography ,ejection fraction ,global longitudinal strain ,3D echocardiography ,Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,RC666-701 - Abstract
BackgroundEchocardiography is essential in cardiovascular medicine for screening, diagnosis, and monitoring. Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to improve echocardiography by reducing variability and analysis time. While 3D echocardiography is becoming more accurate, 2D imaging still dominates clinical care. We aimed to evaluate agreement in measures of left ventricular (LV) volumes and function between human readers, a fully automated AI 2D algorithm, and the 3D Heart Model.MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted on 109 patients who underwent 2D and 3D transthoracic echocardiography. LV end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes (LVEDV, LVESV) and ejection fraction (LVEF) were measured by two operators, a commercially available AI algorithm (US2ai), and the 3D Heart Model. Global longitudinal strain (GLS) was measured by the integrated semi-automated software and the AI algorithm. Outcomes included measures of agreement [bias, limit of agreement and Pearson's correlation (R)]ResultsFor LV volume measurements, the AI algorithm was strongly correlated with the average of the human operators (r = 0.89 for LVEDV and r = 0.92 for LVESV), which was higher than between the operators (r = 0.74 and r = 0.84, respectively, p
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- 2024
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32. In vivo white matter microstructure in adolescents with early-onset psychosis: a multi-site mega-analysis
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Barth, Claudia, Kelly, Sinead, Nerland, Stener, Jahanshad, Neda, Alloza, Clara, Ambrogi, Sonia, Andreassen, Ole A, Andreou, Dimitrios, Arango, Celso, Baeza, Inmaculada, Banaj, Nerisa, Bearden, Carrie E, Berk, Michael, Bohman, Hannes, Castro-Fornieles, Josefina, Chye, Yann, Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto, de la Serna, Elena, Díaz-Caneja, Covadonga M, Gurholt, Tiril P, Hegarty, Catherine E, James, Anthony, Janssen, Joost, Johannessen, Cecilie, Jönsson, Erik G, Karlsgodt, Katherine H, Kochunov, Peter, Lois, Noemi G, Lundberg, Mathias, Myhre, Anne M, Pascual-Diaz, Saül, Piras, Fabrizio, Smelror, Runar E, Spalletta, Gianfranco, Stokkan, Therese S, Sugranyes, Gisela, Suo, Chao, Thomopoulos, Sophia I, Tordesillas-Gutiérrez, Diana, Vecchio, Daniela, Wedervang-Resell, Kirsten, Wortinger, Laura A, Thompson, Paul M, and Agartz, Ingrid
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Brain Disorders ,Serious Mental Illness ,Pediatric ,Biomedical Imaging ,Clinical Research ,Neurosciences ,Mental Health ,Schizophrenia ,Mental health ,Good Health and Well Being ,Female ,Humans ,Male ,Adolescent ,White Matter ,Diffusion Tensor Imaging ,Brain ,Psychotic Disorders ,Anisotropy ,Biological Sciences ,Medical and Health Sciences ,Psychology and Cognitive Sciences ,Psychiatry - Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests brain white matter alterations in adolescents with early-onset psychosis (EOP; age of onset
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- 2023
33. Mentalizing and Binge Eating Disorder
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Myhre, Julianne Solvik and Ødegård, Magnar
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- 2023
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34. Recent successes in heart failure treatment
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Lam, Carolyn S. P., Docherty, Kieran F., Ho, Jennifer E., McMurray, John J. V., Myhre, Peder L., and Omland, Torbjørn
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- 2023
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35. How Does it End Well?An Interview Study of Police Officersʼ Perceptions of De-escalation
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Hans Myhre Sunde
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De-escalation ,police-citizen encounters ,policing ,use of force ,Law in general. Comparative and uniform law. Jurisprudence ,K1-7720 - Abstract
Conflict de-escalation in police-citizen encounters is an under-researched topic despite increased focus from the public and the media. This paper aims to increase the understanding of how police officers attempt to de-escalate conflict through detailed accounts of actual conflicts. The study is based on seven qualitative interviews with Norwegian police officers and has a case-control-inspired design. The informants were asked to describe three ordinary encounters: one verbal conflict, one conflict involving threats, and one physical conflict involving force or violence. The interviews put specific focus on the behaviors the informants reported doing. The analysis revealed three ways de-escalation can be performed to manage conflicts. First, the informants emphasize verbal and nonverbal communication in three ways: calming, autonomy-enhancing, and commanding. Secondly, they describe how they reduce physical opportunities in order to de-escalate, by either delimiting physical space or by the use of force. Lastly, the informants also report on ways to prevent a conflict from escalating in the first place. These accounts highlight the informantsʼ understanding of de-escalation and are useful to understand how officers de-escalate conflicts in action. I discuss the relevance of the findings as well as the fruitfulness of the case-control-inspired interview technique.
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- 2024
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36. Interactions between atmospheric composition and climate change – progress in understanding and future opportunities from AerChemMIP, PDRMIP, and RFMIP
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S. Fiedler, V. Naik, F. M. O'Connor, C. J. Smith, P. Griffiths, R. J. Kramer, T. Takemura, R. J. Allen, U. Im, M. Kasoar, A. Modak, S. Turnock, A. Voulgarakis, D. Watson-Parris, D. M. Westervelt, L. J. Wilcox, A. Zhao, W. J. Collins, M. Schulz, G. Myhre, and P. M. Forster
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Geology ,QE1-996.5 - Abstract
The climate science community aims to improve our understanding of climate change due to anthropogenic influences on atmospheric composition and the Earth's surface. Yet not all climate interactions are fully understood, and uncertainty in climate model results persists, as assessed in the latest Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) assessment report. We synthesize current challenges and emphasize opportunities for advancing our understanding of the interactions between atmospheric composition, air quality, and climate change, as well as for quantifying model diversity. Our perspective is based on expert views from three multi-model intercomparison projects (MIPs) – the Precipitation Driver Response MIP (PDRMIP), the Aerosol Chemistry MIP (AerChemMIP), and the Radiative Forcing MIP (RFMIP). While there are many shared interests and specializations across the MIPs, they have their own scientific foci and specific approaches. The partial overlap between the MIPs proved useful for advancing the understanding of the perturbation–response paradigm through multi-model ensembles of Earth system models of varying complexity. We discuss the challenges of gaining insights from Earth system models that face computational and process representation limits and provide guidance from our lessons learned. Promising ideas to overcome some long-standing challenges in the near future are kilometer-scale experiments to better simulate circulation-dependent processes where it is possible and machine learning approaches where they are needed, e.g., for faster and better subgrid-scale parameterizations and pattern recognition in big data. New model constraints can arise from augmented observational products that leverage multiple datasets with machine learning approaches. Future MIPs can develop smart experiment protocols that strive towards an optimal trade-off between the resolution, complexity, and number of simulations and their length and, thereby, help to advance the understanding of climate change and its impacts.
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- 2024
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37. Composition and sources of carbonaceous aerosol in the European Arctic at Zeppelin Observatory, Svalbard (2017 to 2020)
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K. E. Yttri, A. Bäcklund, F. Conen, S. Eckhardt, N. Evangeliou, M. Fiebig, A. Kasper-Giebl, A. Gold, H. Gundersen, C. L. Myhre, S. M. Platt, D. Simpson, J. D. Surratt, S. Szidat, M. Rauber, K. Tørseth, M. A. Ytre-Eide, Z. Zhang, and W. Aas
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Physics ,QC1-999 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
We analyzed long-term measurements of organic carbon, elemental carbon, and source-specific organic tracers from 2017 to 2020 to constrain carbonaceous aerosol sources in the rapidly changing Arctic. Additionally, we used absorption photometer (Aethalometer) measurements to constrain equivalent black carbon (eBC) from biomass burning and fossil fuel combustion, using positive matrix factorization (PMF). Our analysis shows that organic tracers are essential for understanding Arctic carbonaceous aerosol sources. Throughout 2017 to 2020, levoglucosan exhibited bimodal seasonality, reflecting emissions from residential wood combustion (RWC) in the heating season (November to May) and from wildfires (WFs) in the non-heating season (June to October), demonstrating a pronounced interannual variability in the influence of WF. Biogenic secondary organic aerosol (BSOA) species (2-methyltetrols) from isoprene oxidation was only present in the non-heating season, peaking in July to August. Warm air masses from Siberia led to a substantial increase in 2-methyltetrols in 2019 and 2020 compared to 2017 to 2018. This highlights the need to investigate the contribution of local sources vs. long-range atmospheric transport (LRT), considering the temperature sensitivity of biogenic volatile organic compound emissions from Arctic vegetation. Tracers of primary biological aerosol particles (PBAPs), including various sugars and sugar alcohols, showed elevated levels in the non-heating season, although with different seasonal trends, whereas cellulose had no apparent seasonality. Most PBAP tracers and 2-methyltetrols peaked during influence of WF emissions, highlighting the importance of measuring a range of source-specific tracers to understand sources and dynamics of carbonaceous aerosol. The seasonality of carbonaceous aerosol was strongly influenced by LRT episodes, as background levels are extremely low. In the non-heating season, the organic aerosol peak was as influenced by LRT, as was elemental carbon during the Arctic haze period. Source apportionment of carbonaceous aerosol by Latin hypercube sampling showed mixed contributions from RWC (46 %), fossil fuel (FF) sources (27 %), and BSOA (25 %) in the heating season. In contrast, the non-heating season was dominated by BSOA (56 %), with lower contributions from WF (26 %) and FF sources (15 %). Source apportionment of eBC by PMF showed that FF combustion dominated eBC (70±2.7 %), whereas RWC (22±2.7 %) was more abundant than WF (8.0±2.9 %). Modeled BC concentrations from FLEXPART (FLEXible PARTicle dispersion model) attributed an almost equal share to FF sources (51±3.1 %) and to biomass burning. Both FLEXPART and the PMF analysis concluded that RWC is a more important source of (e)BC than WF. However, with a modeled RWC contribution of 30±4.1 % and WF of 19±2.8 %, FLEXPART suggests relatively higher contributions to eBC from these sources. Notably, the BB fraction of EC was twice as high as that of eBC, reflecting methodological differences between source apportionment by LHS and PMF. However, important conclusions drawn are unaffected, as both methods indicate the presence of RWC- and WF-sourced BC at Zeppelin, with a higher relative BB contribution during the non-heating season. In summary, organic aerosol (281±106 ng m−3) constitutes a significant fraction of Arctic PM10, although surpassed by sea salt aerosol (682±46.9 ng m−3), mineral dust (613±368 ng m−3), and typically non-sea-salt sulfate SO42- (314±62.6 ng m−3), originating mainly from anthropogenic sources in winter and from natural sources in summer.
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- 2024
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38. Allogeneic stem cell transplant recipients surviving at least 2 years without relapse: outcome and risk factors
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B. Linder Grønvold, Maryan Mohamed Ali, Tor Å Myklebust, Andrea Lenartova, Mats Remberger, Ingerid Weum Abrahamsen, Geir Erland Tjønnfjord, Anders Eivind Myhre, Yngvar Fløisand, and Tobias Gedde‐Dahl
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aGvHD ,Allo‐HSCT ,cGvHD ,GvHD‐prophylaxis ,long‐term follow‐up ,Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs ,RC633-647.5 - Abstract
Abstract Outcomes of 2‐year survivours undergoing allo‐haematopoietic stem cell transplantation at Oslo University Hospital were retrospectively assessed with the objectives of identification of risk factors for late death as possible means for precautionary measures and interventions to improve long‐term survival. 421 patients with haematological malignancy, transplanted between 2005 and 2019, alive and free of disease after 2 years were included with data reported from The OUS‐HSCT registry. Median follow‐up was 6.2 years (2.016.1), and 232 patients (55%) were observed for minimum 5 years. The probability of being alive 5 and 10 years after HSCT was 86% and 76%. Primary risk factors for late death included initial diagnosis of age ≥ 60 years, chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL), previous blood stream‐ or invasive fungal infection (BSI, IFI), and chronic graft‐versus‐host disease (cGVHD). Transplant‐related mortality (TRM) and relapse at 5 years were 9.0% and 7.7%, respectively. Two factors were associated with the latter: cytomegalovirus (CMV) seronegative donor and CLL. Compared with the age‐ and gender‐matched Norwegian general population, life expectancy was lower for each disease, except for CML. The prospect for the long‐term survival is good for 2‐year survivors of the allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. However, life expectancy remains inferior to the age‐ and gender‐matched general population. Optimising prophylaxis and treatment for chronic GVHD, BSI and IFI are needed along with the improved adherence to guidelines for early detection of secondary malignancies. Measures to improve immune reconstitution, possibly the microbiota, and the use of CMV seropositive donors regardless of recipient sero‐status may be warranted and should be addressed in further studies.
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- 2024
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39. How well are aerosol–cloud interactions represented in climate models? – Part 1: Understanding the sulfate aerosol production from the 2014–15 Holuhraun eruption
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G. Jordan, F. Malavelle, Y. Chen, A. Peace, E. Duncan, D. G. Partridge, P. Kim, D. Watson-Parris, T. Takemura, D. Neubauer, G. Myhre, R. Skeie, A. Laakso, and J. Haywood
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Physics ,QC1-999 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
For over 6 months, the 2014–2015 effusive eruption at Holuhraun, Iceland, injected considerable amounts of sulfur dioxide (SO2) into the lower troposphere with a daily rate of up to one-third of the global emission rate, causing extensive air pollution across Europe. The large injection of SO2, which oxidises to form sulfate aerosol (SO42-), provides a natural experiment offering an ideal opportunity to scrutinise state-of-the-art general circulation models' (GCMs) representation of aerosol–cloud interactions (ACIs). Here we present Part 1 of a two-part model inter-comparison using the Holuhraun eruption as a framework to analyse ACIs. We use SO2 retrievals from the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) instrument and ground-based measurements of SO2 and SO42- mass concentrations across Europe, in conjunction with a trajectory analysis using the Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) model, to assess the spatial and chemical evolution of the volcanic plume as simulated by five GCMs and a chemical transport model (CTM). IASI retrievals of plume altitude and SO2 column load reveal that the volcanic perturbation is largely contained within the lower troposphere. Compared to the satellite observations, the models capture the spatial evolution and vertical variability of the plume reasonably well, although the models often overestimate the plume altitude. HYSPLIT trajectories are used to attribute to Holuhraun emissions 111 instances of elevated sulfurous surface mass concentrations recorded at European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme (EMEP) stations during September and October 2014. Comparisons with the simulated concentrations show that the modelled ratio of SO2 to SO42- during these pollution episodes is often underestimated and overestimated for the young and mature plume, respectively. Models with finer vertical resolutions near the surface are found to better capture these elevated sulfurous ground-level concentrations. Using an exponential function to describe the decay of observed surface mass concentration ratios of SO2 to SO42- with plume age, the in-plume oxidation rate constant is estimated as 0.032 ± 0.002 h−1 (1.30 ± 0.08 d e-folding time), with a near-vent ratio of 25 ± 5 (µg m−3 of SO2 / µg m−3 of SO42-). The majority of the corresponding derived modelled oxidation rate constants are lower than the observed estimate. This suggests that the representation of the oxidation pathway/s in the simulated plumes is too slow. Overall, despite their coarse spatial resolutions, the six models show reasonable skill in capturing the spatial and chemical evolution of the Holuhraun plume. This capable representation of the underlying aerosol perturbation is essential to enable the investigation of the eruption's impact on ACIs in the second part of this study.
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- 2024
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40. Large scale plasma proteomics identifies novel proteins and protein networks associated with heart failure development
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Amil M. Shah, Peder L. Myhre, Victoria Arthur, Pranav Dorbala, Humaira Rasheed, Leo F. Buckley, Brian Claggett, Guning Liu, Jianzhong Ma, Ngoc Quynh Nguyen, Kunihiro Matsushita, Chiadi Ndumele, Adrienne Tin, Kristian Hveem, Christian Jonasson, Håvard Dalen, Eric Boerwinkle, Ron C. Hoogeveen, Christie Ballantyne, Josef Coresh, Torbjørn Omland, and Bing Yu
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Science - Abstract
Abstract Heart failure (HF) causes substantial morbidity and mortality but its pathobiology is incompletely understood. The proteome is a promising intermediate phenotype for discovery of novel mechanisms. We measured 4877 plasma proteins in 13,900 HF-free individuals across three analysis sets with diverse age, geography, and HF ascertainment to identify circulating proteins and protein networks associated with HF development. Parallel analyses in Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study participants in mid-life and late-life and in Trøndelag Health Study participants identified 37 proteins consistently associated with incident HF independent of traditional risk factors. Mendelian randomization supported causal effects of 10 on HF, HF risk factors, or left ventricular size and function, including matricellular (e.g. SPON1, MFAP4), senescence-associated (FSTL3, IGFBP7), and inflammatory (SVEP1, CCL15, ITIH3) proteins. Protein co-regulation network analyses identified 5 modules associated with HF risk, two of which were influenced by genetic variants that implicated trans hotspots within the VTN and CFH genes.
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- 2024
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41. Supporting Biomedical Research Training for Historically Underrepresented Undergraduates Using Interprofessional, Nonformal Education Structures
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Marriott, Lisa K., Link, Aaron Raz, Anitori, Roberto, Blackwell, Ernest, Blas, Andrea, Brock, Jennifer, Burke, Tracey, Burrows, Julia A., Cabrera, Alexis P., Helsham, Derek, Liban, Lorna B., Mackiewicz, Marilyn R., Maruyama, Mika, Milligan-Myhre, Kathryn C. A., Pangelinan, Perry J. C., Hattori-Uchima, Margaret, Reed, Russell, Simon, Benjamin E., Solomon, Beylul, Trinidad, Alma M. O., Wyatt, Letisha R., Covarrubia, Alonso Delgado, Zell, Adrienne, Adrienne, Thomas E., Morris, Cynthia, and Crespo, Carlos J.
- Abstract
Research experience provides critical training for new biomedical research scientists. Students from underrepresented populations studying science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) are increasingly recruited into research pathways to diversify STEM fields. However, support structures outside of research settings designed to help these students navigate biomedical research pathways are not always available; nor are program support components outside the context of laboratory technical skills training and formal mentorship well understood. This study leveraged a multi-institutional research training program, Enhancing Cross-Disciplinary Infrastructure and Training at Oregon (EXITO), to explore how nine institutions designed a new curricular structure (Enrichment) to meet a common goal of enhancing undergraduate research training and student success. EXITO undergraduates participated in a comprehensive, 3-year research training program with the Enrichment component offered across nine sites: three universities and six community colleges, highly diverse in size, demographics, and location. Sites' approaches to supporting students in the training program were studied over a 30-month period. All sites independently created their own nonformal curricular structures, implemented interprofessionally via facilitated peer groups. Site data describing design and implementation were thematically coded to identify essential programmatic components across sites, with student feedback used to triangulate findings. Enrichment offered students time to critically reflect on their interests, experiences, and identities in research; network with peers and professionals; and support negotiation of hidden and implicit curricula. Students reported the low-pressure setting and student-centered curriculum balanced the high demands associated with academics and research. Core curricular themes described Enrichment as fostering a sense of community among students, exposing students to career paths and skills, and supporting development of students' professional identities. The non-formal, interprofessional curricula enabled students to model diverse biomedical identities and pathways for each other while informing institutional structures to improve diverse undergraduate students' success in academia and research.
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- 2021
42. Desettlering
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Skott-Myhre, Kathleen S.G., primary, Skott-Myhre, Hans A., additional, Smith, Jeffrey Galvin, additional, and Kouri, Scott, additional
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- 2023
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43. Spirituality
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Skott-Myhre, Kathleen S.G., primary, Skott-Myhre, Hans A., additional, Smith, Jeffrey Galvin, additional, and Kouri, Scott, additional
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- 2023
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44. Philosophy
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Skott-Myhre, Kathleen S.G., primary, Skott-Myhre, Hans A., additional, Smith, Jeffrey Galvin, additional, and Kouri, Scott, additional
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- 2023
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45. The University and the Settler Professor
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Skott-Myhre, Kathleen S.G., primary, Skott-Myhre, Hans A., additional, Smith, Jeffrey Galvin, additional, and Kouri, Scott, additional
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- 2023
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46. Intersections of Social Identity
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Skott-Myhre, Kathleen S.G., primary, Skott-Myhre, Hans A., additional, Smith, Jeffrey Galvin, additional, and Kouri, Scott, additional
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- 2023
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47. Desettlering Counseling and Therapy
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Skott-Myhre, Kathleen S.G., primary, Skott-Myhre, Hans A., additional, Smith, Jeffrey Galvin, additional, and Kouri, Scott, additional
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- 2023
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48. Political Activism and Common Reconciliation
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Skott-Myhre, Kathleen S.G., primary, Skott-Myhre, Hans A., additional, Smith, Jeffrey Galvin, additional, and Kouri, Scott, additional
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- 2023
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49. Desettlering Redux
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Skott-Myhre, Kathleen S.G., primary, Skott-Myhre, Hans A., additional, Smith, Jeffrey Galvin, additional, and Kouri, Scott, additional
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- 2023
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50. Introduction
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Skott-Myhre, Kathleen S.G., primary, Skott-Myhre, Hans A., additional, Smith, Jeffrey Galvin, additional, and Kouri, Scott, additional
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- 2023
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