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The true identity of the “Chauve-Souris Onzieme ou Chauve-Souris Cannelle” of Azara (1801) and the “LXXXII Murcielago Acanelado” of Azara (1802) has never been clarified. Though it has historically been associated with the Red Myotis, Myotis ruber (É. Geoffroy St.-Hilaire, 1806), there are clear inconsistencies with that species. Unusual features of the description such as the position of the attachment of the wing membrane to the limbs confirm that the species described by Azara belongs to the Myotis simus Thomas, 1901 group. Two members of that group occur in Paraguay, from where Azara described his specimen: Myotis cf. simus and the recently described Myotis midastacus Moratelli & Wilson, 2014. Measurements and collection locality slightly favour its identity as the former, but it is not possible to conclusively state which of these species Azara had in his possession.

Blood parasites of the Haemosporida order, such as the Plasmodium spp. responsible for malaria, have become the focus of many studies in evolutionary biology. However, there is a lack of molecular investigation of haemosporidian parasites of wildlife, such as the genus Polychromophilus. Species of this neglected genus exclusively have been described in bats, mainly in Europe, Asia, and Africa, but little is known about its presence and genetic diversity on the American continent. Here, we investigated 406 bats from sites inserted in remnant fragments of the Atlantic Forest and Cerrado biomes and urbanized areas from southern Brazil for the presence of Polychromophilus species by PCR of the mitochondrial cytochrome b encoding gene. A total of 1.2% of bats was positive for Polychromophilus, providing the first molecular information of these parasites in Myotis riparius and Eptesicus diminutus, common vespertilionid bats widely distributed in different Brazilian biomes, and Myotis ruber, an endangered species. A Bayesian analysis was conducted to reconstruct the phylogenetic relationships between Polychromophilus recovered from Brazilian bats and those identified elsewhere. Sequences of Brazilian Polychromophilus lineages were placed with P. murinus and in a clade distinct from P. melanipherus, mainly restricted to bats in the family Vespertilionidae. However, the sequences were split into two minor clades, according to the genus of hosts, indicating that P. murinus and a distinct species may be circulating in Brazil. Morphological observations combined with additional molecular studies are needed to conclude and describe these Polychromophilus species.

388. Red Myotis Myotis ruber French: Murin rouge / German: Rotes Mausohr / Spanish: Ratonero rojizo Taxonomy. Vespertilio ruber E. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1806, “ Paraguay.” Based on neotype selection,restricted by R. K. LaVal in 1973b to “Sapucay [Neembuct Department], Paraguay.” Subgenus Pyzonix; ruber species group. Monotypic. Distribution. NE, SE & S Brazil, E Paraguay, NE Argentina, and Uruguay. Descriptive notes. Head-body c¢.49 50 mm, tail 33-44 mm, ear 11-14 mm, hindfoot 7-10 mm, forearm 33-9-42.1 mm; weight 5-9 g. The Red Myotis is morphologically similar to its Neotropical congeners. Fur is medium long (dorsal fur 6-8 mm; ventral fur 4-7 mm) and woolly. Dorsal hairs are subtly bicolored, with russet bases (two-thirds total length) and only slightly lighter tips. Ventral hairs are bicolored, with dark brown bases (two-thirds total length), bright yellow-ochertips, and strong contrast between bases and tips. Ears are of medium length, extending forward halfway from eye to nostril. Membranes are cinnamon-brown; plagiopatagium is broadly attached to foot at bases of toes; claws are often reddish. Fringe of hairs along trailing edge of uropatagium is absent; fur is thick on basal one-third of dorsal uropatagium, extending one-third to one-half the distance from knee to ankle. Baculum is small, with poorly developed structural features; it is little more than a rod, flattened and laterally expanded at one end. Skull is robust and moderate in size (greatest skull lengths 14-6-15- 8 mm); parietal is inclined forward; posterior region of skull, formed by interparietal and supraoccipital bones, usually does not project beyond posterior border of occipital condyles; and sagittal and lambdoidal crests are present, ranging from medium to high. P? is generally aligned with other upper premolars. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 44 and FN = 50, with three large and one small metacentric and 17 acrocentric pairs of autosomes. Large X-and small Y-chromosomes are submetacentric. Habitat. Highland rainforests and semideciduous forest relics (north-eastern Brazil), dense montane forest (south-eastern Brazil), ombrophilous Atlantic Forest (southern Brazil), semideciduous forest and grassland Pampa (Paraguay, Argentina, and Uruguay), agricultural landscapes, and urban forest fragments at elevations of 500— 1500 m. Records indicate that the Red Myotis has strong association with subtropical habitats and appears more common in primary forests. Food and Feeding. Red Myotis forage in forested areas and over water. In southern Brazil, diets include various insects, particularly Coleoptera and Diptera, caught in flight. Breeding. In southern Brazil, pregnant Red Myotis were recorded in June and August— November, with concentrated peak in the last two months. Reproduction seems to be polyestrous, with greater reproductive activity in summer. Activity patterns. Red Myotis emerge just before sunset. Roosts include hollow trees, cracks in rocks, and human structures (e.g. house roofs). Echolocation calls have strongly FM initial component, terminating with short CF component. Mean call parameters are lowest frequency of 58 kHz, highest frequency of 65 kHz, and call duration of 5 milliseconds. Movements, Home range and Social organization. A colony of Red Myotis roosted in a peri-urban shed in Uruguay with Small Big-eared Brown Bats (Histiotus montanus) and Brazilian Free-tailed Bats (Tadarida brasiliensis). Status and Conservation. Classified as Near Threatened on The IUCNRed List. The Red Myotis still seems reasonably widespread, but it is dependent on highly fragile habitat and is in significant decline due to habitat conversion by humans. Bibliography. Acosta (1950), Arias-Aguilar et al. (2018), Barquez & Diaz (2008b), Barquez et al. (1999), Ber nardi et al. (2014), Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire (1806), LaVal (1973b), Lépez-Gonzélez et al. (2001), Lutz et al. (2012), Moratelli & Morielle-Versute (2007), Sbragia & Pess6a (2008), Sousa et al. (2004), Thomas (1902d), Weber et al. (2010), Wilson (2008b)., Published as part of Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier, 2019, Vespertilionidae, pp. 716-981 in Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona :Lynx Edicions on page 933, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6397752

Myotis is the largest genus of the Vespertilionidae family. It presents a cosmopolitan geographical distribution and is considered an example of adaptive radiation, however, with only nine species recorded for Brazil. This study synthesized aspects of the geographic distribution by map punctuating the main records for each species, karyotype, and phylogeny in contribution to the understanding of the taxonomic complex of the genus Myotis in Brazil. A search in bibliographic databases (e.g., Web of Science and SciElo) was carried out using keywords. The phylogeny study was based on the sequencing of a specimen of Myotis ruber collected in a fragment of the Altantic Forest of Minas Gerais; this specimen was deposited at the Newton Baião de Azevedo Museum of Zoology. The genus showed to be widely distributed in the Brazilian territory, with Myotis nigricans being the most widespread. In addition, high karyotypic conservatism was observed in all species of the genus. The phylogenetic analyses using the mt-Cytb gene corroborated the monophyletic aspect of the genus and the Myotis ruber species.

The Serra da Bocaina National Park (SBNP) is a large remnant of Atlantic Forest located within an endangered biodiversity hotspot, which contributes to the connectivity among protected areas in the region. Despite the ecological importance of the SBNP, its bat fauna is poorly-known, and no comprehensive inventory is available. The present study provides an updated list of the bat species found in the SBNP. The four-year study was based on a capture-mark-recapture approach at four sites within the park, in the municipality of Paraty, Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil. A total of 22 bat species were recorded, representing two families, Phyllostomidae (n = 19 species) and Vespertillionidae (n = 3). This added 14 species to the known bat fauna of the SBNP, which is hereby updated to 24 species, including Dermanura cinerea Gervais, 1856, Platyrrhinus recifinus (Thomas, 1901), and Myotis ruber (É. Geoffroy, 1806), which are listed as endangered in Rio de Janeiro state. The specimen of Trinycteris nicefori (Sanborn, 1949) captured in the present study is the first record of the occurrence of this species in Rio de Janeiro state. This record extends the geographic range of the species by approximately 650 km to the southeast. Additional inventories, in particular at poorly-studied Atlantic Forest sites, combined with environmental suitability analyses, and taxonomic and biogeographic data, are urgently required to elucidate the distribution of many Brazilian bat species, such as T. nicefori. Resumo: O Parque Nacional da Serra da Bocaina (PNSB) é um grande remanescente de Mata Atlântica localizado em um hotspot de biodiversidade ameaçado, que contribui para a conectividade entre áreas protegidas na região. Apesar da importância ecológica do PNSB, a sua quiropterofauna é pobremente conhecida e nenhum inventário abrangente está disponível. O presente estudo fornece uma lista atualizada das espécies de morcegos do PNSB. O estudo de quatro anos foi baseado em uma abordagem de captura-marcação-e-recaptura em quatro localidades dentro do parque, no município de Paraty, estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Um total de 22 espécies de morcegos foi registrado, representando duas famílias, Phyllostomidae (n = 19 espécies) e Vespertillionidae (n = 3). Isso adiciona 14 espécies à quiropterofauna conhecida do PNSB, que é atualizada para 24 espécies, incluindo Dermanura cinerea Gervais, 1856, Platyrrhinus recifinus (Thomas, 1901) e Myotis ruber (É. Geoffroy, 1806), que são listadas como ameaçadas de extinção no estado do Rio de Janeiro. O espécime de Trinycteris nicefori (Sanborn, 1949) capturado no presente estudo representa o primeiro registro da espécie no estado do Rio de Janeiro. Esse registro expande a distribuição geográfica da espécie aproximadamente 650 km a sudeste. Inventários adicionais, particularmente em localidades de Mata Atlântica pobremente estudadas, combinados com análises de adequação, e estudos taxonômicos e biogeográficos, são urgentemente necessários para esclarecer a distribuição de muitas espécies de morcegos brasileiras, como T. nicefori.

A new species of Joblingia DybasWenzel, 1947, collected on the bat Myotis ruber (E. Geoffroy) in Southern Brazil, is described, and the type-species, J. schmidti DybasWenzel, 1947, redescribed. The diagnosis of the genus is amended. The external morphology and postgonites of both species are figured. Geographical distribution and host-parasite relationships are discussed.

Marcelo de Moraes Weber*, Levi Carina Terribile and Nilton Carlos Caceres 1 Laboratorio de Vertebrados, PPG Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Ilha do Fundao, CP 68020, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-590, Brazil, e-mail: marcelo_weber@yahoo.com.br 2 Universidade Federal de Goias, Campus Jatai – Unidade Jatoba. Rod. BR-364, KM 192, CP 03, Jatai, GO 75800-970, Brazil 3 Laboratorio de Ecologia de Mamiferos e Aves, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS 97.110-970, Brazil

The Chiroptera do not have an extensive fossil record. To date, for the Quaternary of Brazil, only material from Minas Gerais, Sao Paulo, Bahia and Goias States are known. For Rio Grande do Sul State, in contrast to the studies about the Pleistocene megafauna, little is known about Holocene small mammals, this being the first contribution about the Chiroptera of this age found in Rio Grande do Sul. The material was excavated from two archaeological sites, dating from ± 9,400 yrs BP to ± 4,250 yrs BP. The taxa recorded were: Chrotopterus auritus, Pygoderma bilabiatum (Phyllostomidae); Eptesicus brasiliensis, E. fuscus, Myotis cf. Myotis ruber, Vespertilionidae aff. Lasiurus (Vespertilionidae); Tadarida brasiliensis, and Molossus molossus (Molossidae). The presence of E. fuscus extends its Holocene distribution far southwards into the south temperate zone; its previous Quaternary occurrences were in Bahia State, Brazil, as well as in Venezuela, Mexico and the USA.

Myotis ruber is a widely distributed bat in South America, but it is considered rare and its natural history is virtually unknown. These factors contribute to the clas- sification of the species as vulnerable regionally and near- threatened globally. In this context, the aim of this note is to present new data about the reproductive biology of M. ruber, thus expanding the knowledge about its natural history and, consequently, contributing to the conserva- tion of the species. After an extensive effort to capture bats in southern Brazil, we captured 40 individuals of M. ruber. Pregnant females (n = 17) were observed mainly in October in different years. In addition, seven immature individuals were captured. Based on our results, it is expected that the species will fit the general pattern for bats determined by climate and food resources, but our data do not allow us to assign conclusive reproductive patterns. Although not conclusive, the information presented in this note repre- sents the first opportunity to gather breeding information about this rare and threatened species.

O presente trabalho reúne os resultados de um levantamento de quirópteros conduzido na Reserva Biológica (REBIO) do Tinguá, Nova Iguaçu, estado do Rio de Janeiro, sudeste do Brasil. Foram realizadas 31 noites de coletas, em 14 sítios situados em altitudes de 65 a 1270 m. As coletas foram realizadas com redes "mist-nets", armadas ao nível do solo, em trilhas ou clareiras, em frente a plantas em floração ou frutificação, próximo a construções e cavidades naturais, sobre riachos e corpos d'água ou perto desses. Um total de 655 indivíduos foi capturado. Vinte e oito espécies de morcegos, distribuídas em quatro famílias, Emballonuridae (duas espécies), Phyllostomidae (19 espécies), Vespertilionidae (cinco espécies) e Molossidae (duas espécies) são assinaladas para a Reserva. Destacam-se os registros de Lonchophylla bokermanni Sazima, Vizotto & Taddei, 1978, Platyrrhinus recifinus (Thomas, 1901) e Myotis ruber (E. Geoffroy, 1806), que constam como vulneráveis na "Lista das Espécies Brasileiras Ameaçadas de Extinção". Para cada espécie, uma medida externa (comprimento de antebraço) e 13 medidas cranianas foram estudadas. As medidas de machos e fêmeas são tratadas separadamente. Comentários taxonômicos são fornecidos para todas as espécies. Here we describe the bat community found at the Tinguá Biological Reserve, Nova Iguaçu County, in the state of Rio de Janeiro, southeastern Brazil. Captures at 14 sites included a total of 31 nights at altitudes from 65 to 1270 m. Bats were captured in nets at ground level in forest trails and clearings, near flowering and fruiting trees, buildings, natural cavities and over streams. The reserve is species rich, with 28 species in 655 captures. Four families were found: Emballonuridae (two species), Phyllostomidae (19), Vespertilionidae (five) and Molossidae (two). Three species are especially important for being considered vulnerable in the Brazilian Threatened Species List: Lonchophylla bokermanni Sazima, Vizotto & Taddei, 1978, Platyrrhinus recifinus (Thomas, 1901) and Myotis ruber (E. Geoffroy, 1806). Forearm length and 13 cranial measurements were studied for each species. The measurements of male and female specimens were treated separately. Taxonomic comments for each species are provided.

Este estudo tem por objetivo registrar a ocorrência de quatro espécies de morcegos na região central do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, sul do Brasil: Histiotus montanus, Pygoderma bilabiatum, Nyctinomops laticaudatus e Myotis ruber. Os dados foram obtidos a partir da coleção científica da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) e representam ampliações de distribuição para essas espécies no Estado. São fornecidas informações sobre o habitat onde as espécies foram coletadas, sendo que alguns desses são novos para essas espécies. Pode-se considerar que algumas das espécies enfocadas são raras no Rio Grande do Sul, ao passo que outras deveriam ter o seu grau de ameaça reconsiderado. The objective of this paper is to record the occurrence of four bats species in the central of the Rio Grande do Sul State, south of Brazil: Histiotus montanus, Pygoderma bilabiatum, Nyctinomops laticaudatus and Myotis ruber. Data were obtained from the scientific collection of Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) and represent distribution extensions for these bat species in this State. We present information on the habitat where the species were collected, showing that some of them are new for this species. Some of the studied species may be considered rare in the Rio Grande do Sul State, whereas others should have their degree of threat revaluated.

Submitted by Guilherme Lemeszenski (guilherme@nead.unesp.br) on 2013-08-22T18:54:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 S0101-81752006000300028.pdf: 256779 bytes, checksum: 6749dc5ee0797bb00a4d136cec6e67ee (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T18:54:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 S0101-81752006000300028.pdf: 256779 bytes, checksum: 6749dc5ee0797bb00a4d136cec6e67ee (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-09-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T19:46:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S0101-81752006000300028.pdf: 256779 bytes, checksum: 6749dc5ee0797bb00a4d136cec6e67ee (MD5) S0101-81752006000300028.pdf.txt: 17701 bytes, checksum: cf528142717dac54563128ccb3e2131f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-09-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T15:12:30Z No. of bitstreams: 2 S0101-81752006000300028.pdf: 256779 bytes, checksum: 6749dc5ee0797bb00a4d136cec6e67ee (MD5) S0101-81752006000300028.pdf.txt: 17701 bytes, checksum: cf528142717dac54563128ccb3e2131f (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T15:12:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S0101-81752006000300028.pdf: 256779 bytes, checksum: 6749dc5ee0797bb00a4d136cec6e67ee (MD5) S0101-81752006000300028.pdf.txt: 17701 bytes, checksum: cf528142717dac54563128ccb3e2131f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-09-01 Estudo preliminar sobre a riqueza de espécies e a freqüência de capturas de morcegos em dois habitats, mata primária e reflorestamento de Araucária, na Região Centro Leste do Paraná. Foi empregado o mesmo esforço para as duas áreas, resultando na captura de 11 espécies na área de mata primária, contra oito no reflorestamento de Araucária. A uniformidade na distribuição da abundância -equitabilidade - foi maior na mata primária. No reflorestamento de Araucária, noventa por cento dos indivíduos coletados pertenciam somente a duas espécies. Pelos resultados, conclui-se que a floresta primária com numerosos nichos, apresenta uma riqueza de espécies elevada, mas a ação do homem reduz a riqueza de espécies geral, o que se reflete principalmente na dominância de poucas espécies. Destaca-se aqui, nos dois tipos de ambientes, a presença de Myotis ruber, listada como ameaçada de extinção no Brasil. Preliminary study about the richness of species and the capture frequency of bats from two habitats: native forest and Araucária reforestation area, in the center east region of Paraná. The same capture effort for the two areas resulted in 11 species of bats captured in the native forest and eight in the Araucária reforestation area. The uniformity in species abundance - evenness - was higher in the native forest. In the Araucária reforestation area, ninety per cent of the collected individuals belonged only to two species. Results show that the primary forest with numerous niches presents high richness of species, but human action reduces the general richness, which reflects mainly in the small number of species. Myotis ruber is registered in both environments and related in the Brazilian list of threatened species of extinction. Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL) Departamento de Biologia Animal e Vegetal Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro Instituto de Biologia Laboratório de Mastozoologia Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho Departamento de Apoio à Saúde e Produção Animal Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho Departamento de Apoio à Saúde e Produção Animal

The bay of the Tibagi river, a place which goes through quick environmental alterations, has three forest fragments: the "Floresta Nacional do Irati" (3.572 ha), the "Reserva Biologica da Klabin" (11.116 ha) and the "Parque Estadual Mata dos Godoy" (680 ha). Here, Myotis ruber (E. Geoffroy, 1806) and Chiroderma doriae Thomas, 1891 can be found, these are threatened bats, and three species, Pygoderma bilabiatum (Wagner, 1843), Myotis levis (I. Geoffroy, 1824) and Rogheessa tumida H. Allen, 1866, which are presumably threatened. Using the same effort of capture in the three places, it was stated that the "Floresta Nacional do Irati" with low vegetation diversity, showed nine species of bats. The "Parque Estadual Mata dos Godoy", although it's five times smaller, fifteen species. We came to the conclusion that a big reserve, without good conditions would house a lower number of species. A small reserve with adequate resources and great vegetation diversity presents a higher number of niches, housing a higher number of species.

Myotis ruber (E. Geoffroy, 1806). Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, 8:204. TYPE LOCALITY: Paraguay, Neembucu, Sapucay (neotype locality). DISTRIBUTION: SE Brazil, Paraguay, NE Argentina. SYNONYMS: cinnamomeus. COMMENTS: Subgenus Leuconoe. Does not include levis; revised by La Vai (1973a), who with Miller and Allen (1928: 199) discussed the type., Published as part of Karl F. Koopman, 1993, Order Chiroptera, pp. 137-241 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 215, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353060, {"references":["Miller, G. S., Jr., and G. M. Allen. 1928. The American bats of the genera Myotis and Pizonyx. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 144: 1 - 218."]}

Two new species of Basilia Miranda-Ribeiro, 1903, B. insularis sp. nov. and B. ruiae sp. nov., from Southern Brazil are described. Characters justifying the new species include, the female abdomen, male genitalia and male femur II. Relationships with similar species those of (B. ferruginea Miranda-Ribeiro, 1903 and B. handleyi Guimarães, 1966) are discussed.

Myotis ruber (E. Geoffroy, 1806). Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, 8:204. TYPE LOCALITY: Paraguay, Neembucu, Sapucay (neotype locality). DISTRIBUTION: S. E. Brazil; Paraguay; N.E. Argentina. COMMENT: Does not include levis; revised by LaVal, 1973, Bull. Los Ang. Cty. Mus. Nat. Hist. Sci. Soc., 15, who with Miller and Allen, 1928, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., 144: 199, discussed the type. ISIS NUMBER: 5301405014014053001., Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Chiroptera, pp. 111-215 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 191, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7352990, {"references":["Miller, G. S., Jr., and G. M. Allen. 1928. The American bats of the genera Myotis and Pizonyx. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 144: 1 - 218."]}