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Y-box binding protein YB-1 is a multifunctional protein involved in cell proliferation, regulation of transcription and translation. Our previous study indicated that disruption of one allele of Chk-YB-1b gene in DT-40 cells resulted in major defects in the cell cycle. The abnormalities seen in heterozygous mutants could be attributed to a dominant negative effect exerted by the disrupted YB-1 allele product. To test this hypothesis the N-terminal sequence of the YB-1 was fused with the third helix of antennapedia and the green fluorescent protein. These purified fusion proteins were introduced into rat hepatoma cells and their effect on cell proliferation was studied. Results indicate that the N-terminal 77 amino acid domain of the YB-1 protein induced the cells to arrest in G2/M phase of the cell cycle and undergo apoptosis. Additional deletion analysis indicated that as few as 26 amino acids of the N-terminus of YB-1 can cause these phenotypic changes. We further demonstrated that this N-terminal 77 amino acid domain of YB-1 sequesters cyclin D1 in the cytoplasm of cells at G2/M phase of cell cycle. We conclude that the N-terminal domain of YB-1 plays a major role in cell cycle progression through G2/M phase of cell cycle.

The rise of digital libraries has transformed the way academic writing in the English language is conducted. This article explores the multifaceted impacts of digital libraries on English language academic writing, focusing on accessibility, the breadth of resources, citation practices, and the enhancement of writing quality. By providing scholars with an extensive and diverse collection of resources, digital libraries have made academic research more inclusive and efficient. This paper evaluates both the positive and negative effects of digital libraries, analyzing how these platforms have contributed to the evolution of writing practices, research methodologies, and knowledge dissemination in academic settings. The findings suggest that digital libraries play a pivotal role in enhancing the quality of academic writing but also raise concerns about plagiarism and information overload. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Through an analysis of the play, the article seeks to demonstrate that Aimé Césaire’s A Tempest is a “reinscription” of Shakespeare’s The Tempest as “a drama of rebellion.” It is told from the point of view of “the loser”, Caliban, the “colonized”, who confronts and defies Prospero who has usurped the island and deprived him of his patrimony. He demands his freedom and refuses to accept the “hegemonic europocentric vision of the universe.” Césaire “demythifie[s]” Prospero who is not the benign Magus figure of traditional criticism but the “prototypical colonizer,” a despot, “the complete totalitarian.” The paper argues that, although he never mentions him, Césaire is influenced by George Lamming’s radical reading of Shakespeare’s play through “colonial” and “national” lenses, a reading that anticipates that of Stephen Greenblatt and the New Historicists and pre-empts the question of “linguistic colonialism” which is so crucial to them. While the colonial paradigm has featured in recent discussions of the plays and Césaire and Lamming have been grouped together, the article analyzes and applies Lamming’s reading to both Shakespeare and Césaire and provides a fresh reading of both. The article also goes beyond the argument of Greenblatt and the New Historicists. A Tempest ends equivocally, on a questioning note, and Lamming observes that the Epilogue in The Tempest leaves the latter work, too, somewhat open-ended, a point that is taken up and discussed. The article in conclusion gives a significant, new interpretation, of the titles of the two plays which ties up with and highlights the theme of colonialism which is the focus of both plays.

Objectives: Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are a type of pollutant that causes health risks and can be present in both indoor and outdoor environments. VOCs originate mainly from solvents and chemicals used at home or in offices and also from vehicle emissions. The current research work was aimed at the detection and quantification of VOCs indoor and outdoor at Sri Ramachandra Faculty of Pharmacy, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. Material and Methods: Air was drawn through an adsorbent tube with a pump at a steady flow rate (100 mL min-1) for an hour to gather samples using the active sampling approach. Thermal desorption in combination with a gas chromatography (GC) analyzer was used to estimate the levels of hazardous VOCs, namely benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m-xylene, p-xylene, and o-xylene (BTEX) compounds. Results: VOCs were analyzed using the GC-mass spectroscopy technique. The finding shows the levels of BTEX as benzene (0.05-0.11 µg/m³), toluene (0.44-1.27 µg/m³), ethylbenzene (0.012-0.03 µg/m³), m-xylene (0.009-0.027 µg/m³), p-xylene (0.007-0.025 µg/m³), and o-xylene (0.003-0.019 µg/m³) compounds. Conclusion: The BTEX levels were observed to be well below the maximum acceptable limit. VOC emissions can be reduced by making process changes or by installing air pollution control equipment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Progression through the G1 phase of the cell cycle is the most highly regulated step in cellular division. We employed a chemogenetic approach to discover novel cellular networks that regulate cell cycle progression. This approach uncovered functional clusters of genes that altered sensitivity of cells to inhibitors of the G1/S transition. Mutation of components of the Polycomb Repressor Complex 2 rescued proliferation inhibition caused by the CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib, but not to inhibitors of S phase or mitosis. In addition to its core catalytic subunits, mutation of the PRC2.1 accessory protein MTF2, but not the PRC2.2 protein JARID2, rendered cells resistant to palbociclib treatment. We found that PRC2.1 (MTF2), but not PRC2.2 (JARID2), was critical for promoting H3K27me3 deposition at CpG islands genome-wide and in promoters. This included the CpG islands in the promoter of the CDK4/6 cyclins CCND1 and CCND2, and loss of MTF2 lead to upregulation of both CCND1 and CCND2. Our results demonstrate a role for PRC2.1, but not PRC2.2, in antagonizing G1 progression in a diversity of cell linages, including chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), breast cancer, and immortalized cell lines.

Objective This article is meant to spark interest in readers of the rich experiences that Academic Dentistry can offer as a career pathway for dentists. Opportunities have evolved in the last 20 years making it more appealing financially full-time or it can be a compatible hybrid with other pathways such as private or corporate dentistry, public health, community clinic dentistry, or research.Methods Each of the five authors came to Academic Dentistry at different stages and from diverse expectations in their professional lives. These disparate histories are presented to provide a full and rich perspective on Academic Dentistry. Both challenges and rewards in academic are discussed.Conclusions Academic Dentistry, whether entered early or late in one’s professional life, or in combination with another pathway, may provide opportunity for renewal of one’s interest and enjoyment in the dental profession. With many individuals choosing to stay in the workforce longer, academics may increase longevity of career as well. With data indicating the actual shortage of dental faculty and the continuing expansion among dental schools, opportunities to join academics are available.

Introduction Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is a common risk factor for urinary tract infections (UTI) in children. It is seen in 30-50% of all children and 40-50% of infants presenting with [...], Background Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) has a prevalence of 30-40% post-febrile urinary tract infection (UTI). If not detected early and treated, renal scarring, hypertension, and renal failure may occur. Micturating cystourethrography (MCU) is an invasive procedure associated with radiation exposure. Hence, this study aimed at evaluating the utility of ureteric jet Doppler waveform (UJDW) as a screening tool in detecting VUR, and at assessing the feasibility of performing it in children aged 2-4 years. Methods Any child 2-18 years old who needed an MCU was included. Exclusion criteria were active UTI, indwelling catheter, and inability to drink the required amount of fluid. The UJDW was performed prior to the MCU. Results One hundred eighty-two ureteric units were analyzed. Sensitivity and specificity of UJDW in detecting VUR was 80.3 and 87.9%. Twenty-three children (45 ureteric units), aged 2-4 years were compared with 73 children (137 ureteric units), aged 5-18 years. Sensitivity and specificity of UJDW in detecting VUR in 2-4 years was 77.3 and 91.3%, respectively; while in children >5 years, it was 81.8 and 87.1%, respectively. Conclusions UJDW has a uniformly high specificity regardless of age or etiological groups, making it a good tool for follow-up. UJDW is a feasible technique, even in children aged 2-4 years. Keywords Children * Micturating cystourethrography * Ureteric jet Doppler waveform * Vesicoureteral reflux

Objective: This study aimed to systematically review the effect of lithium on orthodontic tooth movement (OTM). Methods: The focus question was “does lithium have an effect on OTM?” A systematic search was conducted using indexed databases and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed. The quality assessment of the selected studies was performed according to the systematic review center for laboratory animal experimentation. Results: Five of the initially identified 656 articles fulfilled the eligibility criteria and were selected for this review. The studies reported that lithium administration lowered the rate of OTM by inducing a reduction in the number of osteoclasts and possibly inhibiting osteoclastogenesis. These studies further showed an increase in bone density and bone volume by promoting the Wnt/ß-catenin signaling pathway and osteoblastogenesis. It was also noted that lithium reduced orthodontically induced root resorption during experimental OTM. Further, standardized studies are warranted to understand the impact of lithium in OTM. Overall, the risk of bias for 3 studies was very high, high in 1 study, and moderate in 1 study. Conclusion: On an experimental level in animals, lithium decreased the rate of OTM during the active treatment phase by increasing bone density and bone volume and reducing root resorption. In addition, lithium may enhance alveolar bone formation during orthodontic retention. Clinically, this may impact the orthodontic treatment duration in patients receiving lithium, and further studies are needed to understand the true impact of lithium on OTM.

For centuries, women have been thrown into a pattern that dictates them to replicate the behaviour of the generations of women under male dominance. They have been made to believe that they are incapable of receiving respect or fair treatment from a male society. They are the dull and insignificant shadows of men, mistaking servitude for idealism. They slide into nothingness and cower in their fears and insecurities. These terrorized and oppressed women experience their moments of spark to snap their ties with the repressive customs and render themselves a refreshing transformation to rewrite their identity. They muster their courage to get self-sufficient and build a world of strength in and around them to rise above prejudices and stigmas. This paper explores the rough journey of a woman, who breaks the stereotypes designated by the self-indulgent men,and finds her bold self in her pursuit of identity and freedom in Manju Kapur’s A Married Woman. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cloud Computing provides high performance, accessibility and low cost for data storing and sharing, provides a better consumption of resources. Cloud service providers compromise an abstraction of infinite storage space for clients to mass data. However, security concerns are the main constraints as we now outsource the storage of data possibly sensitive to cloud providers. To preserve data privacy, a mutual approach is to encrypt data files before the clients upload the encrypted data into the cloud. Data confidentiality becomes the main concern in outsourcing client data to cloud storage and it is also essential for an access control mechanism to prevent data mistreatment within the organization. There is no system designed for secure and efficient data sharing especially for dynamic groups in the cloud. Therefore we propose a secure data sharing scheme by using Role based Access Control (RBAC) and Elliptical Curve Cryptography (ECC) for frequently changed groups and anonymous access. RBAC provides flexible controls and database management by having users mapped to roles and roles mapped to privileges on data objects. ECC based encryption scheme incorporates the cryptographic approaches. ECC with RBAC provides anonymous access control, thereby to address the privacy in data as well as the user identity. If the group member is revoked, this system provides automatic generation of new public key of existing group and distributed to the group, which eliminate the need to encrypt the data again with this new key therefore any user in the group can access the data in the cloud, which is not accessible by the revoked users. Thus the proposed method provides privacy and data confidentiality in cloud. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on an encounter with Shakespeare in an unusual place, a novel set in medieval India, where Shakespeare is viewed and assessed by an Indian audience, by Indian listeners, through principles of classical Indian art and thought. Such an encounter creates a sense of incongruity, an incongruity that is cultural, philosophical and aesthetic, but at the same time leads to startling perspectives and new and fresh insights. The novel does not privilege one culture over another but the listeners do and we have a brilliant piece of comic writing where the humour derives from the one-sidedness of their perceptions, their “occidentalism”, their easy assumption of the superiority of their belief system over the “other”. The Silver Pilgrimage thus provides not only a stimulating perspective on two Shakespearean tragedies from the point of view of Sanskrit poetics and Indian thought, but also a gentle expose of the limitations of this point of view, and the cultural chauvinism that lies behind it.

The pain of occipital neuralgia (ON) is thought to be secondary to trauma or injury to the occipital nerve at any point along the course of the nerve. ON may also be caused by an infectious process (herpes zoster) or compression of the nerve. The patient, in this case, presented to our clinic with complaints of occipital pain and rash and swelling of the right lower jaw. One week before presenting to our clinic, the patient developed severe pain in the first division of the trigeminal region with erythema and vesicles. A blood test showed a remarkably high antibody titer for varicella–zoster virus (VZV). The patient was prescribed oral valacyclovir (Valtrex®) (3000 mg/day), which resulted in the complete remission of the rash and blisters in the occipital region. This highlights the importance of considering neuroanatomy of the trigeminal region and cervical nerve.

The objective of this article is to review the role of the dentist in the early diagnosis of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and to provide an in-depth review of the best evidence-based practices available to treat and/or to refer these patients for intervention. Material and methods: A narrative review was performed using indexed data bases (PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, OVID, Scopus and Cochrane) up to year 2020, and approximately 1000 articles were reviewed. The articles included were those with the best information provided. Results: Detailed review of the literature suggests that the role of the dentist has been redefined owing to their expertise in the orofacial region. Every patient consulting a dental practice is not merely a dental patient; he/she also requires a comprehensive medical review. The role of the dentist is pivotal in pediatric patients once diagnosed with OSA; as the patients grow, growth modification can be achieved, and future management will be easier. Initiating dental treatments during growth can benefit patients two-fold, saving them from malocclusion, and intervening in orofacial structural growth can help to avoid cumbersome treatments, such as CPAP and various surgeries. Proper diagnosis and management of systemic illnesses can prevent compromised quality of life, delays in treatment, morbidity and, in some cases, mortality.

Catheter-associated Urinary Tract Infection (CAUTI) is a common healthcare-related infection occurring in patients admitted for various ailments. Approximately 80% of hospital acquired Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) are catheter associated. The purpose of the current research was to find out the level of knowledge, attitude and practice on prevention of CAUTI among healthcare professionals working in tertiary care hospital. A descriptive study was done among 95 health care working in tertiary care hospital in Chennai. The researchers administered standard questionnaire and statistically explored the knowledge, attitude, and practice levels about prevention of CAUTI among the participants. Among 95 participants, 28.4% and 71.6% of the individuals had moderately adequate knowledge and adequate knowledge about CAUTI. About 4.2% of the participants had unfavourable, 88.4% had moderately favourable and 7.4% had favourable attitude towards prevention of CAUTI. About 4.2% of the individuals had moderately adequate and 95.8% had adequate practice towards the prevention of CAUTI. There was significant correlation between attitude and practice. The professional experience of the participants showed statistically significant association with the level of practice among the demographic variables. In our present study, we found out that health care professionals had adequate knowledge, attitude, and practice on prevention of CAUTI. Medical education programs, frequent auditing with a checklist about catheter care must be conducted to maintain the achieved knowledge and practice levels.

High‐affinity antigen‐specific B cells are generated within specialized structures, germinal centers (GCs), inside lymphoid organs. In GCs, follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) present antigens on their membrane surface to cognate B cells, inducing rapid proliferation and differentiation of the B cells toward antibody‐secreting cells. The FDC's fluid membrane surface allows B cells to “pull” the antigens into clusters and internalize them, a process that frequently involves tearing off and internalizing FDC membrane fragments. To study this process ex vivo, liposomal membranes are used as the antigen‐presenting FDC‐like fluid lipid surface to activate B cells. In a fully synthetic in vitro GC model (sGC), which uses the microbead‐based presentation of the CD40 Ligand and a cytokine cocktail to mimic T follicular helper cell signals to B cells, liposomes presenting a model antigen mimic effectively engage B cell receptors (BCRs) and induce greater BCR clustering compared to soluble antigens, resulting in rapid antigen internalization and proliferation of the B cells. B cells showed GC‐like reactions and undergo efficient IgG1 class‐switching. Taken together, the results suggest that fluid membrane‐bound antigen induces a strong GC response and provides a novel synthetic in vitro system for studying GC biology in health and diseases, and for expanding therapeutic B cells ex vivo.