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1. Comparing proton momentum distributions in A = 2 and 3 nuclei via 2H 3H and 3He (e,e′p) measurements

Author

R. Cruz-Torres, S. Li, F. Hauenstein, A. Schmidt, D. Nguyen, D. Abrams, H. Albataineh, S. Alsalmi, D. Androic, K. Aniol, W. Armstrong, J. Arrington, H. Atac, T. Averett, C. Ayerbe Gayoso, X. Bai, J. Bane, S. Barcus, A. Beck, V. Bellini, H. Bhatt, D. Bhetuwal, D. Biswas, D. Blyth, W. Boeglin, D. Bulumulla, A. Camsonne, J. Castellanos, J.-P. Chen, E.O. Cohen, S. Covrig, K. Craycraft, B. Dongwi, M. Duer, B. Duran, D. Dutta, E. Fuchey, C. Gal, T.N. Gautam, S. Gilad, K. Gnanvo, T. Gogami, J. Gomez, C. Gu, A. Habarakada, T. Hague, O. Hansen, M. Hattawy, O. Hen, D.W. Higinbotham, E. Hughes, C. Hyde, H. Ibrahim, S. Jian, S. Joosten, A. Karki, B. Karki, A.T. Katramatou, C. Keppel, M. Khachatryan, V. Khachatryan, A. Khanal, D. King, P. King, I. Korover, T. Kutz, N. Lashley-Colthirst, G. Laskaris, W. Li, H. Liu, N. Liyanage, D. Lonardoni, R. Machleidt, L.E. Marcucci, P. Markowitz, R.E. McClellan, D. Meekins, S. Mey-Tal Beck, Z.-E. Meziani, R. Michaels, M. Mihovilovič, V. Nelyubin, N. Nuruzzaman, M. Nycz, R. Obrecht, M. Olson, L. Ou, V. Owen, B. Pandey, V. Pandey, A. Papadopoulou, S. Park, M. Patsyuk, S. Paul, G.G. Petratos, E. Piasetzky, R. Pomatsalyuk, S. Premathilake, A.J.R. Puckett, V. Punjabi, R. Ransome, M.N.H. Rashad, P.E. Reimer, S. Riordan, J. Roche, F. Sammarruca, N. Santiesteban, B. Sawatzky, E.P. Segarra, B. Schmookler, A. Shahinyan, S. Širca, N. Sparveris, T. Su, R. Suleiman, H. Szumila-Vance, A.S. Tadepalli, L. Tang, W. Tireman, F. Tortorici, G. Urciuoli, M. Viviani, L.B. Weinstein, B. Wojtsekhowski, S. Wood, Z.H. Ye, Z.Y. Ye, and J. Zhang

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

We report the first measurement of the (e,e′p) reaction cross-section ratios for Helium-3 (He3), Tritium (H3), and Deuterium (d). The measurement covered a missing momentum range of 40≤pmiss≤550MeV/c, at large momentum transfer (〈Q2〉≈1.9 (GeV/c)2) and xB>1, which minimized contributions from non quasi-elastic (QE) reaction mechanisms. The data is compared with plane-wave impulse approximation (PWIA) calculations using realistic spectral functions and momentum distributions. The measured and PWIA-calculated cross-section ratios for He3/d and H3/d extend to just above the typical nucleon Fermi-momentum (kF≈250 MeV/c) and differ from each other by ∼20%, while for He3/H3 they agree within the measurement accuracy of about 3%. At momenta above kF, the measured He3/H3 ratios differ from the calculation by 20%−50%. Final state interaction (FSI) calculations using the generalized Eikonal Approximation indicate that FSI should change the He3/H3 cross-section ratio for this measurement by less than 5%. If these calculations are correct, then the differences at large missing momenta between the He3/H3 experimental and calculated ratios could be due to the underlying NN interaction, and thus could provide new constraints on the previously loosely-constrained short-distance parts of the NN interaction.

Published
2019
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2. Measurement of the Nucleon F_{2}^{n}/F_{2}^{p} Structure Function Ratio by the Jefferson Lab MARATHON Tritium/Helium-3 Deep Inelastic Scattering Experiment

Author

D, Abrams, H, Albataineh, B S, Aljawrneh, S, Alsalmi, D, Androic, K, Aniol, W, Armstrong, J, Arrington, H, Atac, T, Averett, C Ayerbe, Gayoso, X, Bai, J, Bane, S, Barcus, A, Beck, V, Bellini, H, Bhatt, D, Bhetuwal, D, Biswas, D, Blyth, W, Boeglin, D, Bulumulla, J, Butler, A, Camsonne, M, Carmignotto, J, Castellanos, J-P, Chen, E O, Cohen, S, Covrig, K, Craycraft, R, Cruz-Torres, B, Dongwi, B, Duran, D, Dutta, E, Fuchey, C, Gal, T N, Gautam, S, Gilad, K, Gnanvo, T, Gogami, J, Gomez, C, Gu, A, Habarakada, T, Hague, J-O, Hansen, M, Hattawy, F, Hauenstein, D W, Higinbotham, R J, Holt, E W, Hughes, C, Hyde, H, Ibrahim, S, Jian, S, Joosten, A, Karki, B, Karki, A T, Katramatou, C, Keith, C, Keppel, M, Khachatryan, V, Khachatryan, A, Khanal, A, Kievsky, D, King, P M, King, I, Korover, S A, Kulagin, K S, Kumar, T, Kutz, N, Lashley-Colthirst, S, Li, W, Li, H, Liu, S, Liuti, N, Liyanage, P, Markowitz, R E, McClellan, D, Meekins, S Mey-Tal, Beck, Z-E, Meziani, R, Michaels, M, Mihovilovic, V, Nelyubin, D, Nguyen, Nuruzzaman, M, Nycz, R, Obrecht, M, Olson, V F, Owen, E, Pace, B, Pandey, V, Pandey, M, Paolone, A, Papadopoulou, S, Park, S, Paul, G G, Petratos, R, Petti, E, Piasetzky, R, Pomatsalyuk, S, Premathilake, A J R, Puckett, V, Punjabi, R D, Ransome, M N H, Rashad, P E, Reimer, S, Riordan, J, Roche, G, Salmè, N, Santiesteban, B, Sawatzky, S, Scopetta, A, Schmidt, B, Schmookler, J, Segal, E P, Segarra, A, Shahinyan, S, Širca, N, Sparveris, T, Su, R, Suleiman, H, Szumila-Vance, A S, Tadepalli, L, Tang, W, Tireman, F, Tortorici, G M, Urciuoli, B, Wojtsekhowski, S, Wood, Z H, Ye, Z Y, Ye, and J, Zhang

Abstract

The ratio of the nucleon F_{2} structure functions, F_{2}^{n}/F_{2}^{p}, is determined by the MARATHON experiment from measurements of deep inelastic scattering of electrons from ^{3}H and ^{3}He nuclei. The experiment was performed in the Hall A Facility of Jefferson Lab using two high-resolution spectrometers for electron detection, and a cryogenic target system which included a low-activity tritium cell. The data analysis used a novel technique exploiting the mirror symmetry of the two nuclei, which essentially eliminates many theoretical uncertainties in the extraction of the ratio. The results, which cover the Bjorken scaling variable range 0.19x0.83, represent a significant improvement compared to previous SLAC and Jefferson Lab measurements for the ratio. They are compared to recent theoretical calculations and empirical determinations of the F_{2}^{n}/F_{2}^{p} ratio.

Published
2022

3. Revealing the short-range structure of the mirror nuclei

Author

S, Li, R, Cruz-Torres, N, Santiesteban, Z H, Ye, D, Abrams, S, Alsalmi, D, Androic, K, Aniol, J, Arrington, T, Averett, C Ayerbe, Gayoso, J, Bane, S, Barcus, J, Barrow, A, Beck, V, Bellini, H, Bhatt, D, Bhetuwal, D, Biswas, D, Bulumulla, A, Camsonne, J, Castellanos, J, Chen, J-P, Chen, D, Chrisman, M E, Christy, C, Clarke, S, Covrig, K, Craycraft, D, Day, D, Dutta, E, Fuchey, C, Gal, F, Garibaldi, T N, Gautam, T, Gogami, J, Gomez, P, Guèye, A, Habarakada, T J, Hague, J O, Hansen, F, Hauenstein, W, Henry, D W, Higinbotham, R J, Holt, C, Hyde, T, Itabashi, M, Kaneta, A, Karki, A T, Katramatou, C E, Keppel, M, Khachatryan, V, Khachatryan, P M, King, I, Korover, L, Kurbany, T, Kutz, N, Lashley-Colthirst, W B, Li, H, Liu, N, Liyanage, E, Long, J, Mammei, P, Markowitz, R E, McClellan, F, Meddi, D, Meekins, S Mey-Tal, Beck, R, Michaels, M, Mihovilovič, A, Moyer, S, Nagao, V, Nelyubin, D, Nguyen, M, Nycz, M, Olson, L, Ou, V, Owen, C, Palatchi, B, Pandey, A, Papadopoulou, S, Park, S, Paul, T, Petkovic, R, Pomatsalyuk, S, Premathilake, V, Punjabi, R D, Ransome, P E, Reimer, J, Reinhold, S, Riordan, J, Roche, V M, Rodriguez, A, Schmidt, B, Schmookler, E P, Segarra, A, Shahinyan, K, Slifer, P, Solvignon, S, Širca, T, Su, R, Suleiman, H, Szumila-Vance, L, Tang, Y, Tian, W, Tireman, F, Tortorici, Y, Toyama, K, Uehara, G M, Urciuoli, D, Votaw, J, Williamson, B, Wojtsekhowski, S, Wood, J, Zhang, and X, Zheng

Abstract

When protons and neutrons (nucleons) are bound into atomic nuclei, they are close enough to feel significant attraction, or repulsion, from the strong, short-distance part of the nucleon-nucleon interaction. These strong interactions lead to hard collisions between nucleons, generating pairs of highly energetic nucleons referred to as short-range correlations (SRCs). SRCs are an important but relatively poorly understood part of nuclear structure

Published
2021

4. Accurate Determination of the Neutron Skin Thickness of Pb208 through Parity-Violation in Electron Scattering

Author

S. Rahman, H. Albataineh, B. Yale, K. S. Kumar, S. Seeds, A. Deshpande, C. Ayerbe Gayoso, A. Yoon, Q. Campagna, G. M. Urciuoli, G. Leverick, R. Mammei, Bogdan Wojtsekhowski, D. S. Armstrong, Paul Souder, Siyu Jian, C. Palatchi, S. Johnston, C. Jantzi, H. Bhatt, P. E. Reimer, B. Karki, Dipangkar Dutta, T. Ye, D. King, D. McNulty, M. Knauss, L. G. Tang, J. C. Cornejo, T. Gautam, S. Katugampola, P. M. King, R. W. Radloff, H. Liu, J. O. Hansen, J. Pan, D. C. Jones, Michael Pitt, S. Riordan, E. W. Wertz, S. Park, R. Michaels, Y. Tian, C. Metts, M. N. H. Rashad, P. Datta, S. Premathilake, S. Malace, W. Zhang, S. Covrig Dusa, Y. Roblin, I. Halilovic, K. A. Aniol, T. Averett, S. Barcus, C. Feldman, N. Liyange, B. Pandey, A. Zec, E. Fuchey, Charles Horowitz, Jay Benesch, Michaela Thiel, Kent Paschke, A. Narayan, C. Ghosh, D. Adhikari, Brendan Reed, B. P. Quinn, Jiawen Zhang, F. Hauenstein, Cynthia Keppel, M. Petrusky, Darko Androić, G. D. Cates, D. G. Meekins, R. Richards, V. Bellini, N. Lashley-Colthirst, A. Rathnayake, M. M. Mondal, X. Zheng, Michael Gericke, M. McCaughan, Andrew Puckett, Juliette Mammei, A. Camsonne, A. Shahinyan, B. Blaikie, C. Clarke, D. Gaskell, Y. Chen, Jim Napolitano, V. Owen, C. Gal, D. Nikolaev, D. Bhetuwal, R. S. Beminiwattha, W. Henry, T. Kutz, and D. Bhatta Pathak

Subjects
Elastic scattering, Physics, Equation of state (cosmology), media_common.quotation_subject, Form factor (quantum field theory), General Physics and Astronomy, 01 natural sciences, Asymmetry, 0103 physical sciences, Saturation (graph theory), Neutron, Atomic physics, 010306 general physics, Electron scattering, Energy (signal processing), media_common
Abstract

We report a precision measurement of the parity-violating asymmetry A_{PV} in the elastic scattering of longitudinally polarized electrons from ^{208}Pb. We measure A_{PV}=550±16(stat)±8(syst) parts per billion, leading to an extraction of the neutral weak form factor F_{W}(Q^{2}=0.00616 GeV^{2})=0.368±0.013. Combined with our previous measurement, the extracted neutron skin thickness is R_{n}-R_{p}=0.283±0.071 fm. The result also yields the first significant direct measurement of the interior weak density of ^{208}Pb: ρ_{W}^{0}=-0.0796±0.0036(exp)±0.0013(theo) fm^{-3} leading to the interior baryon density ρ_{b}^{0}=0.1480±0.0036(exp)±0.0013(theo) fm^{-3}. The measurement accurately constrains the density dependence of the symmetry energy of nuclear matter near saturation density, with implications for the size and composition of neutron stars.

Published
2021
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5. Ruling out Color Transparency in Quasielastic C12(e,e′p) up to Q2 of 14.2 (GeV/c)2

Author

E. R. Kinney, M. L. Kabir, A. Mkrtchyan, P. M. King, S Basnet, Z. Ahmed, Markus Diefenthaler, R. Michaels, J Matter, H. Chen, Joerg Reinhold, N. Santiesteban, S. A. Wood, S. Covrig, Dipangkar Dutta, E. Pooser, S. Park, Rolf Ent, Aditya R. Khanal, D. Abrams, B. Aljawrneh, D. J. Mack, S. Malace, F A Gonzalez, G. R. Smith, R Trotta, A Bandari, G. M. Huber, H. Mkrtchyan, A. Sun, J. O. Hansen, D. Nguyen, G. Niculescu, S. Alsalmi, Whitney Armstrong, R Ambrose, B. Pandey, Shanfeng Li, E. J. Brash, W. B. Li, R Evans, H. C. Fenker, E. Fuchey, A. Karki, S. Nanda, B. Sawatzky, Cynthia Keppel, V. V. Berdnikov, P. Bosted, H. Bhatt, A. Liyanage, Moran Chen, J. A. Dunne, Darko Androić, H. Szumila-Vance, Michael Kohl, F. Hauenstein, B. Duran, N. Lashley-Colthirst, I. Niculescu, N. Fomin, V. Tadevosyan, Tanja Horn, D. G. Meekins, W. U. Boeglin, T. Gautam, E. Christy, K. Craycraft, S. Joosten, C. Yero, A V Hernandez, Donal Day, A. Asaturyan, J. P. Chen, C. Ayerbe Gayoso, Pete Markowitz, Nuruzzaman, J Zhang, S. Danagoulian, H. S. Ko, S. J. Nazeer, D. Gaskell, M. K. Jones, D. Bhetuwal, K Assumin-Gyimah, M. Dlamini, D. Biswas, M Rehfuss, Andrew Puckett, and Masroor H. S. Bukhari

Subjects
Quantum chromodynamics, Physics, Proton, Scattering, Momentum transfer, General Physics and Astronomy, Inelastic scattering, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, Nuclear transparency, Transparency (graphic), 0103 physical sciences, Color confinement, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics
Abstract

Quasielastic C12(e,e′p) scattering was measured at spacelike 4-momentum transfer squared Q2=8, 9.4, 11.4, and 14.2 (GeV/c)2, the highest ever achieved to date. Nuclear transparency for this reaction was extracted by comparing the measured yield to that expected from a plane-wave impulse approximation calculation without any final state interactions. The measured transparency was consistent with no Q2 dependence, up to proton momenta of 8.5 GeV/c, ruling out the quantum chromodynamics effect of color transparency at the measured Q2 scales in exclusive (e,e′p) reactions. These results impose strict constraints on models of color transparency for protons.

Published
2021
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6. Ruling out Color Transparency in Quasielastic ^{12}C(e,e^{'}p) up to Q^{2} of 14.2 (GeV/c)^{2}

Author

D, Bhetuwal, J, Matter, H, Szumila-Vance, M L, Kabir, D, Dutta, R, Ent, D, Abrams, Z, Ahmed, B, Aljawrneh, S, Alsalmi, R, Ambrose, D, Androic, W, Armstrong, A, Asaturyan, K, Assumin-Gyimah, C, Ayerbe Gayoso, A, Bandari, S, Basnet, V, Berdnikov, H, Bhatt, D, Biswas, W U, Boeglin, P, Bosted, E, Brash, M H S, Bukhari, H, Chen, J P, Chen, M, Chen, E M, Christy, S, Covrig, K, Craycraft, S, Danagoulian, D, Day, M, Diefenthaler, M, Dlamini, J, Dunne, B, Duran, R, Evans, H, Fenker, N, Fomin, E, Fuchey, D, Gaskell, T N, Gautam, F A, Gonzalez, J O, Hansen, F, Hauenstein, A V, Hernandez, T, Horn, G M, Huber, M K, Jones, S, Joosten, A, Karki, C, Keppel, A, Khanal, P M, King, E, Kinney, H S, Ko, M, Kohl, N, Lashley-Colthirst, S, Li, W B, Li, A H, Liyanage, D, Mack, S, Malace, P, Markowitz, D, Meekins, R, Michaels, A, Mkrtchyan, H, Mkrtchyan, S J, Nazeer, S, Nanda, G, Niculescu, I, Niculescu, D, Nguyen, Nuruzzaman, B, Pandey, S, Park, E, Pooser, A, Puckett, M, Rehfuss, J, Reinhold, N, Santiesteban, B, Sawatzky, G R, Smith, A, Sun, V, Tadevosyan, R, Trotta, S A, Wood, C, Yero, and J, Zhang

Abstract

Quasielastic ^{12}C(e,e^{'}p) scattering was measured at spacelike 4-momentum transfer squared Q^{2}=8, 9.4, 11.4, and 14.2 (GeV/c)^{2}, the highest ever achieved to date. Nuclear transparency for this reaction was extracted by comparing the measured yield to that expected from a plane-wave impulse approximation calculation without any final state interactions. The measured transparency was consistent with no Q^{2} dependence, up to proton momenta of 8.5 GeV/c, ruling out the quantum chromodynamics effect of color transparency at the measured Q^{2} scales in exclusive (e,e^{'}p) reactions. These results impose strict constraints on models of color transparency for protons.

Published
2020

7. Probing the Deuteron at Very Large Internal Momenta

Author

Z. Ahmed, S. Joosten, A. Ahmidouch, T. Gautam, J Matter, E. J. Brash, D. Abrams, H. C. Fenker, P. M. King, M. L. Kabir, N Nuruzzaman, S. Malace, F A Gonzalez, S. A. Wood, C. F. Perdrisat, J. Bericic, S. Park, Markus Diefenthaler, V. V. Berdnikov, Dipangkar Dutta, D. Bhetuwal, N. Fomin, Joerg Reinhold, A V Hernandez, C. Ayerbe Gayoso, B. Aljawrneh, Moran Chen, E. R. Kinney, D. Nguyen, S. Alsalmi, M. E. Christy, Masroor H. S. Bukhari, P. Bosted, H. Bhatt, D. J. Mack, J. O. Hansen, A. Asaturyan, A. Karki, A. Sun, J. P. Chen, K. Craycraft, A Bandari, Donal Day, A. Mkrtchyan, C. Yero, V. Tadevosyan, G. R. Smith, S Basnet, Shanfeng Li, A. Liyanage, B. Pandey, S. Covrig, K Assumin-Gyimah, Aditya R. Khanal, Rolf Ent, F. Hauenstein, S. Danagoulian, M. K. Jones, Whitney Armstrong, R Ambrose, R Evans, H. Chen, R. Michaels, J Zhang, J. Bane, M. I. Niculescu, Tanja Horn, S. Nanda, B. Sawatzky, W. B. Li, W. U. Boeglin, D. Gaskell, E. Pooser, E. Fuchey, G. M. Huber, H. Szumila-Vance, B. Duran, H. Mkrtchyan, N. Lashley-Colthirst, G. Niculescu, Cynthia Keppel, J. A. Dunne, D. G. Meekins, D. Biswas, S. J. Nazeer, M Rehfuss, and M. Dlamini

Subjects
Physics, Meson, Nuclear Theory, Plane wave, General Physics and Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, Impulse (physics), 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, Recoil, Deuterium, 0103 physical sciences, Isobar, Nuclear force, Neutron, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

$^{2}\mathrm{H}(e,e'p)n$ cross sections have been measured at 4-momentum transfers of $Q^{2} = 4.5 \pm 0.5$ (GeV/c)$^{2}$ over a range of neutron recoil momenta, $p_{\mathrm{r}}$, reaching up to $\sim1.0$ GeV/c. The data were obtained at fixed neutron recoil angles $\theta_{nq} = 35^\circ$, $45^\circ$ and $75^{\circ}$ with respect to the 3-momentum transfer $\vec q$. The new data agree well with previous data which reached $p_{\mathrm{r}}\sim500$ MeV/c. At $\theta_{nq} = 35^\circ$ and $45^\circ$, final state interactions (FSI), meson exchange currents (MEC) and isobar currents (IC) are suppressed and the plane wave impulse approximation (PWIA) provides the dominant cross section contribution. The new data are compared to recent theoretical calculations, where we observe a significant discrepancy for missing momenta $p_{\mathrm{r}}>700$ MeV/c., Comment: main article: 6 pages, 2 figures | supplemental material: 7 pages, 13 figures | numerical tables of cross sections for data and theory are provided as ancillary material | This version has minor additions in the concluding paragraph to address the light-cone / EFT formalisms in the context of this experiment. The supplemental materials have new Fig. 10, and modified Fig. 9

Published
2020

8. Probing Few-Body Nuclear Dynamics via H3 and He3 (e,e′p)pn Cross-Section Measurements

Author

M. Mihovilovic, Bogdan Wojtsekhowski, Darko Androić, D. Blyth, R. I. Pomatsalyuk, R. Obrecht, Andrew Puckett, Toshiyuki Gogami, Shalev Gilad, H. F. Ibrahim, B. Karki, Dipangkar Dutta, J. Castellanos, N. Santiesteban, Afroditi Papadopoulou, Pete Markowitz, M. Duer, Misak Sargsian, J. Arrington, M. Khachatryan, K. A. Aniol, S. Alsalmi, Nikolaos Sparveris, W. Tireman, Henryk Witała, Z. E. Meziani, J. P. Chen, Siyu Jian, T. Gautam, A. Karki, P. E. Reimer, H. Bhatt, I. Korover, R. Cruz-Torres, Nilanga Liyanage, C. Ayerbe Gayoso, V. Bellini, M. N. H. Rashad, G. M. Urciuoli, S. Covrig, Elliot Hughes, Z. Ye, S. Mey-Tal Beck, B. Schmookler, L. Ou, Weidong Li, J. Gomez, Simon Širca, B. Pandey, H. Albataineh, S. Barcus, S. Premathilake, E. Piasetzky, Ronald Ransome, D. Nguyen, Or Hen, Vladimir Nelyubin, Shanfeng Li, A. Beck, A. Camsonne, E. Fuchey, A. S. Tadepalli, Jacek Golak, P. M. King, T. Averett, D. G. Meekins, A. T. Katramatou, A. Shahinyan, Alexander Schmidt, N. Nuruzzaman, C. E. Hyde, R. E. McClellan, T. Kutz, Larry Weinstein, F. Hauenstein, Sylvester Joosten, S. A. Wood, G. Laskaris, W. U. Boeglin, D. Bulumulla, D. Biswas, F. Tortorici, Olfred Hansen, J. Roche, G. G. Petratos, L. Tang, Fatiha Benmokhtar, H. Atac, R. Skibiński, Kondo Gnanvo, Aditya R. Khanal, M. Nycz, D. Abrams, Cynthia Keppel, X. Bai, S. Park, H. Szumila-Vance, B. Duran, E.P. Segarra, S. Riordan, V. Khachatryan, V. A. Punjabi, C. Gu, Vishvas Pandey, T. Hague, D. King, M. Hattawy, D. Bhetuwal, Eliahu Cohen, R. Michaels, Hongjun Liu, M. Olson, M. Patsyuk, Kacper Topolnicki, B. Sawatzky, N. Lashley-Colthirst, Jiawen Zhang, Whitney Armstrong, S. Paul, T. Su, B. Dongwi, Hiroyuki Kamada, Douglas Higinbotham, V. Owen, J. Bane, C. Gal, A. Habarakada, Riad Suleiman, and K. Craycraft

Subjects
Physics, Scattering, Isoscalar, Nuclear Theory, Momentum transfer, General Physics and Astronomy, Few-body systems, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, Cover (topology), 0103 physical sciences, Nuclear force, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Ground state, Nucleon
Abstract

We report the first measurement of the (e,e^{'}p) three-body breakup reaction cross sections in helium-3 (^{3}He) and tritium (^{3}H) at large momentum transfer [⟨Q^{2}⟩≈1.9 (GeV/c)^{2}] and x_{B}>1 kinematics, where the cross section should be sensitive to quasielastic (QE) scattering from single nucleons. The data cover missing momenta 40≤p_{miss}≤500 MeV/c that, in the QE limit with no rescattering, equals the initial momentum of the probed nucleon. The measured cross sections are compared with state-of-the-art ab initio calculations. Overall good agreement, within ±20%, is observed between data and calculations for the full p_{miss} range for ^{3}H and for 100≤p_{miss}≤350 MeV/c for ^{3}He. Including the effects of rescattering of the outgoing nucleon improves agreement with the data at p_{miss}>250 MeV/c and suggests contributions from charge-exchange (SCX) rescattering. The isoscalar sum of ^{3}He plus ^{3}H, which is largely insensitive to SCX, is described by calculations to within the accuracy of the data over the entire p_{miss} range. This validates current models of the ground state of the three-nucleon system up to very high initial nucleon momenta of 500 MeV/c.

Published
2020
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9. Study of the Λ/Σ0 electroproduction in the low-Q2 region at JLab

Author

K. Okuyama, K. Itabashi, S. Nagao, S. N. Nakamura, K. N. Suzuki, T. Gogami, B. Pandey, L. Tang, D. Abrams, T. Akiyama, D. Androic, K. Aniol, C. Ayerbe Gayoso, J. Bane, S. Barcus, J. Barrow, V. Bellini, H. Bhatt, D. Bhetuwal, D. Biswas, A. Camsonne, J. Castellanos, J-P. Chen, J. Chen, S. Covrig, D. Chrisman, R. Cruz-Torres, R. Das, E. Fuchey, K. Gnanvo, F. Garibaldi, T. Gautam, J. Gomez, P. Gueye, T. J. Hague, O. Hansen, W. Henry, F. Hauenstein, D. W. Higinbotham, C. E. Hyde, M. Kaneta, C. Keppel, T. Kutz, N. Lashley-Colthirst, S. Li, H. Liu, J. Mammei, P. Markowitz, R. E. McClellan, F. Meddi, D. Meekins, R. Michaels, M. Mihovilovic, A. Moyer, D. Nguyen, M. Nycz, V. Owen, C. Palatchi, S. Park, T. Petkovic, S. Premathilake, P. E. Reimer, J. Reinhold, S. Riordan, V. Rodriguez, C. Samanta, S. N. Santiesteban, B. Sawatzky, S. Širca, K. Slifer, T. Su, Y. Tian, Y. Toyama, K. Uehara, G. M. Urciuoli, D. Votaw, J. Williamson, B. Wojtsekhowski, S. A. Wood, B. Yale, Z. Ye, J. Zhang, and X. Zheng

Abstract

We performed an experiment using tritium and hydrogen cryogenic gas targets at Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (JLab) in 2018 (E12-17-003)[1, 2]. In this article, we discuss the Λ/Σ0 hyperon electroproduction from hydrogen target. Elementary Λ/Σ0 hyperon production processes are important not only for an absolute mass scale calibration in our experiment, but also for the study of the electroproduction mechanisms themselves. In this article, we reported the results of the differential cross section for the p(e, e’K+)Λ/Σ0 reaction at Q2 ∼ 0.5 (GeV/c)2.

Published
2022
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10. Cross-section measurement of virtual photoproduction of iso-triplet three-body hypernucleus, Λnn

Author

T. Gogami, K. N. Suzuki, B. Pandey, K. Itabashi, S. Nagao, K. Okuyama, S. N. Nakamura, L. Tang, D. Abrams, T. Akiyama, D. Androic, K. Aniol, C. Ayerbe Gayoso, J. Bane, S. Barcus, J. Barrow, V. Bellini, H. Bhatt, D. Bhetuwal, D. Biswas, A. Camsonne, J. Castellanos, J-P. Chen, J. Chen, S. Covrig, D. Chrisman, R. Cruz-Torres, R. Das, E. Fuchey, K. Gnanvo, F. Garibaldi, T. Gautam, J. Gomez, P. Gueye, T. J. Hague, O. Hansen, W. Henry, F. Hauenstein, D. W. Higinbotham, C. E. Hyde, M. Kaneta, C. Keppel, T. Kutz, N. Lashley-Colthirst, S. Li, H. Liu, J. Mammei, P. Markowitz, R. E. McClellan, F. Meddi, D. Meekins, R. Michaels, M. Mihovilovic, A. Moyer, D. Nguyen, M. Nycz, V. Owen, C. Palatchi, S. Park, T. Petkovic, S. Premathilake, P. E. Reimer, J. Reinhold, S. Riordan, V. Rodriguez, C. Samanta, S. N. Santiesteban, B. Sawatzky, S. Širca, K. Slifer, T. Su, Y. Tian, Y. Toyama, K. Uehara, G. M. Urciuoli, D. Votaw, J. Williamson, B. Wojtsekhowski, S. A. Wood, B. Yale, Z. Ye, J. Zhang, and X. Zheng

Abstract

Missing-mass spectroscopy with the 3H(e, e′K+) reaction was carried out at Jefferson Lab’s (JLab) Hall A in Oct–Nov, 2018. The differential cross section for the 3H(γ∗, K+)Λnn was deduced at ω = Ee − Ee′ = 2.102 GeV and at the forward K+-scattering angle (0° ≤ θγ∗K ≤ 5°) in the laboratory frame. Given typical predicted energies and decay widths, which are (BΛ, Γ) = (−0.25, 0.8) and (−0.55, 4.7) MeV, the cross sections were found to be 11.2 ± 4.8(stat.)+4.1−2.1(sys.) and 18.1 ± 6.8(stat.)+4.2−2.9(sys.) nb/sr, respectively. The obtained result would impose a constraint for interaction models particularly between Λ and neutron by comparing to theoretical calculations.

Published
2022
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11. Study of Λn FSI with Λ quasi-free productions on the 3H(e, e′K+)X reaction at JLab

Author

K. Itabashi, K.N. Suzuki, B. Pandey, K. Okuyama, T. Gogami, S. Nagao, S.N. Nakamura, L. Tang, D. Abrams, T. Akiyama, D. Androic, K. Aniol, C. Ayerbe Gayoso, J. Bane, S. Barcus, J. Barrow, V. Bellini, H. Bhatt, D. Bhetuwal, D. Biswas, A. Camsonne, J. Castellanos, J-P. Chen, J. Chen, S. Covrig, D. Chrisman, R. Cruz-Torres, R. Das, E. Fuchey, K. Gnanvo, F. Garibaldi, T. Gautam, J. Gomez, P. Gueye, T.J. Hague, O. Hansen, W. Henry, F. Hauenstein, D.W. Higinbotham, C.E. Hyde, M. Kaneta, C. Keppel, T. Kutz, N. Lashley-Colthirst, S. Li, H. Liu, J. Mammei, P. Markowitz, R. E. McClellan, F. Meddi, D. Meekins, R. Michaels, M. Mihovilovic, A. Moyer, D. Nguyen, M. Nycz, V. Owen, C. Palatchi, S. Park, T. Petkovic, S. Premathilake, P.E. Reimer, J. Reinhold, S. Riordan, V. Rodriguez, C. Samanta, S.N. Santiesteban, B. Sawatzky, S. Širca, K. Slifer, T. Su, Y. Tian, Y. Toyama, K. Uehara, G.M. Urciuoli, D. Votaw, J. Williamson, B. Wojtsekhowski, S.A. Wood, B. Yale, Z. Ye, J. Zhang, and X. Zheng

Abstract

An nnΛ is a neutral baryon system with no charge. The study of the pure Λ-neutron system such as nnΛ gives us information on the Λn interaction. The nnΛ search experiment (E12-17-003) was performed at JLab Hall A in 2018. In this article, the Λn FSI was investigated by a shape analysis of the 3H(e, e′K+)X missing mass spectrum, and a preliminary result for the Λn FSI study is given.

Published
2022
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12. Probing few-body nuclear dynamics via ^{3}H and ^{3}He (e, {e}'p)pn cross-section measurements

Author

R, Cruz-Torres, D, Nguyen, F, Hauenstein, A, Schmidt, S, Li, D, Abrams, H, Albataineh, S, Alsalmi, D, Androic, K, Aniol, W, Armstrong, J, Arrington, H, Atac, T, Averett, C, Ayerbe Gayoso, X, Bai, J, Bane, S, Barcus, A, Beck, V, Bellini, F, Benmokhtar, H, Bhatt, D, Bhetuwal, D, Biswas, D, Blyth, W, Boeglin, D, Bulumulla, A, Camsonne, J, Castellanos, J-P, Chen, E O, Cohen, S, Covrig, K, Craycraft, B, Dongwi, M, Duer, B, Duran, D, Dutta, E, Fuchey, C, Gal, T N, Gautam, S, Gilad, K, Gnanvo, T, Gogami, J, Golak, J, Gomez, C, Gu, A, Habarakada, T, Hague, O, Hansen, M, Hattawy, O, Hen, D W, Higinbotham, E, Hughes, C, Hyde, H, Ibrahim, S, Jian, S, Joosten, H, Kamada, A, Karki, B, Karki, A T, Katramatou, C, Keppel, M, Khachatryan, V, Khachatryan, A, Khanal, D, King, P, King, I, Korover, T, Kutz, N, Lashley-Colthirst, G, Laskaris, W, Li, H, Liu, N, Liyanage, P, Markowitz, R E, McClellan, D, Meekins, S, Mey-Tal Beck, Z-E, Meziani, R, Michaels, M, Mihovilovič, V, Nelyubin, N, Nuruzzaman, M, Nycz, R, Obrecht, M, Olson, L, Ou, V, Owen, B, Pandey, V, Pandey, A, Papadopoulou, S, Park, M, Patsyuk, S, Paul, G G, Petratos, E, Piasetzky, R, Pomatsalyuk, S, Premathilake, A J R, Puckett, V, Punjabi, R, Ransome, M N H, Rashad, P E, Reimer, S, Riordan, J, Roche, M, Sargsian, N, Santiesteban, B, Sawatzky, E P, Segarra, B, Schmookler, A, Shahinyan, S, Širca, R, Skibiński, N, Sparveris, T, Su, R, Suleiman, H, Szumila-Vance, A S, Tadepalli, L, Tang, W, Tireman, K, Topolnicki, F, Tortorici, G, Urciuoli, L B, Weinstein, H, Witała, B, Wojtsekhowski, S, Wood, Z H, Ye, Z Y, Ye, and J, Zhang

Abstract

We report the first measurement of the (e,e^{'}p) three-body breakup reaction cross sections in helium-3 (^{3}He) and tritium (^{3}H) at large momentum transfer [⟨Q^{2}⟩≈1.9 (GeV/c)^{2}] and x_{B}1 kinematics, where the cross section should be sensitive to quasielastic (QE) scattering from single nucleons. The data cover missing momenta 40≤p_{miss}≤500 MeV/c that, in the QE limit with no rescattering, equals the initial momentum of the probed nucleon. The measured cross sections are compared with state-of-the-art ab initio calculations. Overall good agreement, within ±20%, is observed between data and calculations for the full p_{miss} range for ^{3}H and for 100≤p_{miss}≤350 MeV/c for ^{3}He. Including the effects of rescattering of the outgoing nucleon improves agreement with the data at p_{miss}250 MeV/c and suggests contributions from charge-exchange (SCX) rescattering. The isoscalar sum of ^{3}He plus ^{3}H, which is largely insensitive to SCX, is described by calculations to within the accuracy of the data over the entire p_{miss} range. This validates current models of the ground state of the three-nucleon system up to very high initial nucleon momenta of 500 MeV/c.

Published
2020

13. Comparing proton momentum distributions in A = 2 and 3 nuclei via 2H 3H and 3He (e,e′p) measurements

Author

Z. Ye, B. Schmookler, J. P. Chen, G. M. Urciuoli, Diego Lonardoni, P. M. King, Hongbang Liu, R. Michaels, D. King, M. Olson, Darko Androić, S. Covrig, Toshiyuki Gogami, Pete Markowitz, S. Paul, Weidong Li, M. Viviani, Whitney Armstrong, P. E. Reimer, Larry Weinstein, T. Su, M. Patsyuk, H. Atac, B. Dongwi, Or Hen, N. Santiesteban, B. Sawatzky, T. Kutz, V. Bellini, R. I. Pomatsalyuk, H. Bhatt, I. Korover, S. A. Wood, R. Obrecht, S. Riordan, V. Pandey, E. Fuchey, Shanfeng Li, A. Beck, M. Hattawy, John Arrington, S. Mey-Tal Beck, Andrew Puckett, D. Bulumulla, Bogdan Wojtsekhowski, Aditya R. Khanal, F. Hauenstein, Simon Širca, A. Shahinyan, M. N. H. Rashad, Axel Schmidt, Cynthia Keppel, M. Khachatryan, J. Gomez, N. Lashley-Colthirst, D. Blyth, J. Castellanos, Ruprecht Machleidt, R. Suleiman, H. Albataineh, D. Bhetuwal, V. Khachatryan, Kondo Gnanvo, Eliahu Cohen, F. Tortorici, J. Roche, V. A. Punjabi, N. Nuruzzaman, S. Alsalmi, M. Nycz, H. Szumila-Vance, B. Duran, G. G. Petratos, Z. E. Meziani, C. Gal, Vladimir Nelyubin, G. Laskaris, L. Tang, W. Tireman, M. Mihovilovic, A. Karki, Ronald Ransome, D. G. Meekins, A. T. Katramatou, Olfred Hansen, W. U. Boeglin, Nilanga Liyanage, D. Biswas, C. Ayerbe Gayoso, Jiawen Zhang, S. Premathilake, D. Nguyen, X. Bai, E.P. Segarra, Siyu Jian, Elliot Hughes, R. Cruz-Torres, Douglas Higinbotham, L. Ou, S. Barcus, V. Owen, J. Bane, A. S. Tadepalli, R. E. McClellan, A. Habarakada, Sylvester Joosten, K. Craycraft, H. F. Ibrahim, B. Karki, Dipangkar Dutta, Laura Elisa Marcucci, M. Duer, T. Gautam, B. Pandey, Shalev Gilad, A. Papadopoulou, K. A. Aniol, A. Camsonne, D. Abrams, S. Park, F. Sammarruca, N. Sparveris, E. Piasetzky, C. Gu, T. Hague, T. Averett, and C. E. Hyde

Subjects
production [pi], Nuclear and High Energy Physics, data analysis method, Photon, Nuclear Theory, interference, FOS: Physical sciences, Electron, Impulse (physics), Inelastic scattering, 01 natural sciences, xperimental results | Jefferson Lab | electron p: scattering | parity: violation | inelastic scattering | structure function | interference | photon | Z0 | pi: production | spin: asymmetry | data analysis method, Nuclear Theory (nucl-th), structure function, 0103 physical sciences, Z0, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Momentum transfer, photon, inelastic scattering, scattering [electron p], Eikonal approximation, NATURAL SCIENCES. Physics, lcsh:QC1-999, PRIRODNE ZNANOSTI. Fizika, Deuterium, xperimental results, High Energy Physics::Experiment, violation [parity], Atomic physics, Nucleon, asymmetry [spin], lcsh:Physics, Jefferson Lab
Abstract

We report the first measurement of the $(e,e'p)$ reaction cross-section ratios for Helium-3 ($^3$He), Tritium ($^3$H), and Deuterium ($d$). The measurement covered a missing momentum range of $40 \le p_{miss} \le 550$ MeV$/c$, at large momentum transfer ($\langle Q^2 \rangle \approx 1.9$ (GeV$/c$)$^2$) and $x_B>1$, which minimized contributions from non quasi-elastic (QE) reaction mechanisms. The data is compared with plane-wave impulse approximation (PWIA) calculations using realistic spectral functions and momentum distributions. The measured and PWIA-calculated cross-section ratios for $^3$He$/d$ and $^3$H$/d$ extend to just above the typical nucleon Fermi-momentum ($k_F \approx 250$ MeV$/c$) and differ from each other by $\sim 20\%$, while for $^3$He/$^3$H they agree within the measurement accuracy of about 3\%. At momenta above $k_F$, the measured $^3$He/$^3$H ratios differ from the calculation by $20\% - 50\%$. Final state interaction (FSI) calculations using the generalized Eikonal Approximation indicate that FSI should change the $^3$He/$^3$H cross-section ratio for this measurement by less than 5\%. If these calculations are correct, then the differences at large missing momenta between the $^3$He/$^3$H experimental and calculated ratios could be due to the underlying $NN$ interaction, and thus could provide new constraints on the previously loosely-constrained short-distance parts of the $NN$ interaction., 8 pages, 3 figures (4 panels)

Published
2019

14. Novel Measurement of the Neutron Magnetic Form Factor from A=3 Mirror Nuclei.

Author

Santiesteban SN, Li S, Abrams D, Alsalmi S, Androic D, Aniol K, Arrington J, Averett T, Ayerbe Gayoso C, Bane J, Barcus S, Barrow J, Beck A, Bellini V, Bhatt H, Bhetuwal D, Biswas D, Camsonne A, Castellanos J, Chen J, Chen JP, Chrisman D, Christy ME, Clarke C, Covrig S, Cruz-Torres R, Day D, Dutta D, Fuchey E, Gal C, Garibaldi F, Gautam TN, Gogami T, Gomez J, Guèye P, Hague TJ, Hansen JO, Hauenstein F, Henry W, Higinbotham DW, Holt RJ, Hyde C, Itabashi K, Kaneta M, Karki A, Katramatou AT, Keppel CE, King PM, Kurbany L, Kutz T, Lashley-Colthirst N, Li WB, Liu H, Liyanage N, Long E, Lovato A, Mammei J, Markowitz P, McClellan RE, Meddi F, Meekins D, Michaels R, Mihovilovič M, Moyer A, Nagao S, Nguyen D, Nycz M, Olson M, Ou L, Owen V, Palatchi C, Pandey B, Papadopoulou A, Park S, Petkovic T, Premathilake S, Punjabi V, Ransome RD, Reimer PE, Reinhold J, Riordan S, Rocco N, Rodriguez VM, Schmidt A, Schmookler B, Segarra EP, Shahinyan A, Širca S, Slifer K, Solvignon P, Su T, Suleiman R, Tang L, Tian Y, Tireman W, Tortorici F, Toyama Y, Uehara K, Urciuoli GM, Votaw D, Williamson J, Wojtsekhowski B, Wood S, Ye ZH, Zhang J, and Zheng X

Abstract

The electromagnetic form factors of the proton and neutron encode information on the spatial structure of their charge and magnetization distributions. While measurements of the proton are relatively straightforward, the lack of a free neutron target makes measurements of the neutron's electromagnetic structure more challenging and more sensitive to experimental or model-dependent uncertainties. Various experiments have attempted to extract the neutron form factors from scattering from the neutron in deuterium, with different techniques providing different, and sometimes large, systematic uncertainties. We present results from a novel measurement of the neutron magnetic form factor using quasielastic scattering from the mirror nuclei ^{3}H and ^{3}He, where the nuclear effects are larger than for deuterium but expected to largely cancel in the cross-section ratios. We extracted values of the neutron magnetic form factor for low-to-modest momentum transfer, 0.6

Published
2024
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15. Revealing the short-range structure of the mirror nuclei 3 H and 3 He.

Author

Li S, Cruz-Torres R, Santiesteban N, Ye ZH, Abrams D, Alsalmi S, Androic D, Aniol K, Arrington J, Averett T, Gayoso CA, Bane J, Barcus S, Barrow J, Beck A, Bellini V, Bhatt H, Bhetuwal D, Biswas D, Bulumulla D, Camsonne A, Castellanos J, Chen J, Chen JP, Chrisman D, Christy ME, Clarke C, Covrig S, Craycraft K, Day D, Dutta D, Fuchey E, Gal C, Garibaldi F, Gautam TN, Gogami T, Gomez J, Guèye P, Habarakada A, Hague TJ, Hansen JO, Hauenstein F, Henry W, Higinbotham DW, Holt RJ, Hyde C, Itabashi T, Kaneta M, Karki A, Katramatou AT, Keppel CE, Khachatryan M, Khachatryan V, King PM, Korover I, Kurbany L, Kutz T, Lashley-Colthirst N, Li WB, Liu H, Liyanage N, Long E, Mammei J, Markowitz P, McClellan RE, Meddi F, Meekins D, Beck SM, Michaels R, Mihovilovič M, Moyer A, Nagao S, Nelyubin V, Nguyen D, Nycz M, Olson M, Ou L, Owen V, Palatchi C, Pandey B, Papadopoulou A, Park S, Paul S, Petkovic T, Pomatsalyuk R, Premathilake S, Punjabi V, Ransome RD, Reimer PE, Reinhold J, Riordan S, Roche J, Rodriguez VM, Schmidt A, Schmookler B, Segarra EP, Shahinyan A, Slifer K, Solvignon P, Širca S, Su T, Suleiman R, Szumila-Vance H, Tang L, Tian Y, Tireman W, Tortorici F, Toyama Y, Uehara K, Urciuoli GM, Votaw D, Williamson J, Wojtsekhowski B, Wood S, Zhang J, and Zheng X

Abstract

When protons and neutrons (nucleons) are bound into atomic nuclei, they are close enough to feel significant attraction, or repulsion, from the strong, short-distance part of the nucleon-nucleon interaction. These strong interactions lead to hard collisions between nucleons, generating pairs of highly energetic nucleons referred to as short-range correlations (SRCs). SRCs are an important but relatively poorly understood part of nuclear structure 1-3 , and mapping out the strength and the isospin structure (neutron-proton (np) versus proton-proton (pp) pairs) of these virtual excitations is thus critical input for modelling a range of nuclear, particle and astrophysics measurements 3-5 . Two-nucleon knockout or 'triple coincidence' reactions have been used to measure the relative contribution of np-SRCs and pp-SRCs by knocking out a proton from the SRC and detecting its partner nucleon (proton or neutron). These measurements 6-8 have shown that SRCs are almost exclusively np pairs, but they had limited statistics and required large model-dependent final-state interaction corrections. Here we report on measurements using inclusive scattering from the mirror nuclei hydrogen-3 and helium-3 to extract the np/pp ratio of SRCs in systems with a mass number of three. We obtain a measure of the np/pp SRC ratio that is an order of magnitude more precise than previous experiments, and find a marked deviation from the near-total np dominance observed in heavy nuclei. This result implies an unexpected structure in the high-momentum wavefunction for hydrogen-3 and helium-3. Understanding these results will improve our understanding of the short-range part of the nucleon-nucleon interaction., (© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.)

Published
2022
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16. Precision Determination of the Neutral Weak Form Factor of ^{48}Ca.

Author

Adhikari D, Albataineh H, Androic D, Aniol KA, Armstrong DS, Averett T, Ayerbe Gayoso C, Barcus SK, Bellini V, Beminiwattha RS, Benesch JF, Bhatt H, Bhatta Pathak D, Bhetuwal D, Blaikie B, Boyd J, Campagna Q, Camsonne A, Cates GD, Chen Y, Clarke C, Cornejo JC, Covrig Dusa S, Dalton MM, Datta P, Deshpande A, Dutta D, Feldman C, Fuchey E, Gal C, Gaskell D, Gautam T, Gericke M, Ghosh C, Halilovic I, Hansen JO, Hassan O, Hauenstein F, Henry W, Horowitz CJ, Jantzi C, Jian S, Johnston S, Jones DC, Kakkar S, Katugampola S, Keppel C, King PM, King DE, Kumar KS, Kutz T, Lashley-Colthirst N, Leverick G, Liu H, Liyanage N, Mammei J, Mammei R, McCaughan M, McNulty D, Meekins D, Metts C, Michaels R, Mihovilovic M, Mondal MM, Napolitano J, Narayan A, Nikolaev D, Owen V, Palatchi C, Pan J, Pandey B, Park S, Paschke KD, Petrusky M, Pitt ML, Premathilake S, Quinn B, Radloff R, Rahman S, Rashad MNH, Rathnayake A, Reed BT, Reimer PE, Richards R, Riordan S, Roblin YR, Seeds S, Shahinyan A, Souder P, Thiel M, Tian Y, Urciuoli GM, Wertz EW, Wojtsekhowski B, Yale B, Ye T, Yoon A, Xiong W, Zec A, Zhang W, Zhang J, and Zheng X

Abstract

We report a precise measurement of the parity-violating (PV) asymmetry A_{PV} in the elastic scattering of longitudinally polarized electrons from ^{48}Ca. We measure A_{PV}=2668±106(stat)±40(syst) parts per billion, leading to an extraction of the neutral weak form factor F_{W}(q=0.8733  fm^{-1})=0.1304±0.0052(stat)±0.0020(syst) and the charge minus the weak form factor F_{ch}-F_{W}=0.0277±0.0055. The resulting neutron skin thickness R_{n}-R_{p}=0.121±0.026(exp)±0.024(model)  fm is relatively thin yet consistent with many model calculations. The combined CREX and PREX results will have implications for future energy density functional calculations and on the density dependence of the symmetry energy of nuclear matter.

Published
2022
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17. New Measurements of the Beam-Normal Single Spin Asymmetry in Elastic Electron Scattering over a Range of Spin-0 Nuclei.

Author

Adhikari D, Albataineh H, Androic D, Aniol K, Armstrong DS, Averett T, Ayerbe Gayoso C, Barcus S, Bellini V, Beminiwattha RS, Benesch JF, Bhatt H, Bhatta Pathak D, Bhetuwal D, Blaikie B, Boyd J, Campagna Q, Camsonne A, Cates GD, Chen Y, Clarke C, Cornejo JC, Covrig Dusa S, Dalton MM, Datta P, Deshpande A, Dutta D, Feldman C, Fuchey E, Gal C, Gaskell D, Gautam T, Gericke M, Ghosh C, Halilovic I, Hansen JO, Hauenstein F, Henry W, Horowitz CJ, Jantzi C, Jian S, Johnston S, Jones DC, Karki B, Kakkar S, Katugampola S, Keppel CE, King PM, King DE, Knauss M, Kumar KS, Kutz T, Lashley-Colthirst N, Leverick G, Liu H, Liyange N, Malace S, Mammei J, Mammei R, McCaughan M, McNulty D, Meekins D, Metts C, Michaels R, Mihovilovic M, Mondal MM, Napolitano J, Nikolaev D, Rashad MNH, Owen V, Palatchi C, Pan J, Pandey B, Park S, Paschke KD, Petrusky M, Pitt ML, Premathilake S, Puckett AJR, Quinn B, Radloff R, Rahman S, Rathnayake A, Reed BT, Reimer PE, Richards R, Riordan S, Roblin Y, Seeds S, Shahinyan A, Souder PA, Tang L, Thiel M, Tian Y, Urciuoli GM, Wertz EW, Wojtsekhowski B, Xiong W, Yale B, Ye T, Zec A, Zhang W, Zhang J, and Zheng X

Abstract

We report precision determinations of the beam-normal single spin asymmetries (A_{n}) in the elastic scattering of 0.95 and 2.18 GeV electrons off ^{12}C, ^{40}Ca, ^{48}Ca, and ^{208}Pb at very forward angles where the most detailed theoretical calculations have been performed. The first measurements of A_{n} for ^{40}Ca and ^{48}Ca are found to be similar to that of ^{12}C, consistent with expectations and thus demonstrating the validity of theoretical calculations for nuclei with Z≤20. We also report A_{n} for ^{208}Pb at two new momentum transfers (Q^{2}) extending the previous measurement. Our new data confirm the surprising result previously reported, with all three data points showing significant disagreement with the results from the Z≤20 nuclei. These data confirm our basic understanding of the underlying dynamics that govern A_{n} for nuclei containing ≲50 nucleons, but point to the need for further investigation to understand the unusual A_{n} behavior discovered for scattering off ^{208}Pb.

Published
2022
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18. Measurement of the Nucleon F_{2}^{n}/F_{2}^{p} Structure Function Ratio by the Jefferson Lab MARATHON Tritium/Helium-3 Deep Inelastic Scattering Experiment.

Author

Abrams D, Albataineh H, Aljawrneh BS, Alsalmi S, Androic D, Aniol K, Armstrong W, Arrington J, Atac H, Averett T, Gayoso CA, Bai X, Bane J, Barcus S, Beck A, Bellini V, Bhatt H, Bhetuwal D, Biswas D, Blyth D, Boeglin W, Bulumulla D, Butler J, Camsonne A, Carmignotto M, Castellanos J, Chen JP, Cohen EO, Covrig S, Craycraft K, Cruz-Torres R, Dongwi B, Duran B, Dutta D, Fuchey E, Gal C, Gautam TN, Gilad S, Gnanvo K, Gogami T, Gomez J, Gu C, Habarakada A, Hague T, Hansen JO, Hattawy M, Hauenstein F, Higinbotham DW, Holt RJ, Hughes EW, Hyde C, Ibrahim H, Jian S, Joosten S, Karki A, Karki B, Katramatou AT, Keith C, Keppel C, Khachatryan M, Khachatryan V, Khanal A, Kievsky A, King D, King PM, Korover I, Kulagin SA, Kumar KS, Kutz T, Lashley-Colthirst N, Li S, Li W, Liu H, Liuti S, Liyanage N, Markowitz P, McClellan RE, Meekins D, Beck SM, Meziani ZE, Michaels R, Mihovilovic M, Nelyubin V, Nguyen D, Nuruzzaman, Nycz M, Obrecht R, Olson M, Owen VF, Pace E, Pandey B, Pandey V, Paolone M, Papadopoulou A, Park S, Paul S, Petratos GG, Petti R, Piasetzky E, Pomatsalyuk R, Premathilake S, Puckett AJR, Punjabi V, Ransome RD, Rashad MNH, Reimer PE, Riordan S, Roche J, Salmè G, Santiesteban N, Sawatzky B, Scopetta S, Schmidt A, Schmookler B, Segal J, Segarra EP, Shahinyan A, Širca S, Sparveris N, Su T, Suleiman R, Szumila-Vance H, Tadepalli AS, Tang L, Tireman W, Tortorici F, Urciuoli GM, Wojtsekhowski B, Wood S, Ye ZH, Ye ZY, and Zhang J

Abstract

The ratio of the nucleon F_{2} structure functions, F_{2}^{n}/F_{2}^{p}, is determined by the MARATHON experiment from measurements of deep inelastic scattering of electrons from ^{3}H and ^{3}He nuclei. The experiment was performed in the Hall A Facility of Jefferson Lab using two high-resolution spectrometers for electron detection, and a cryogenic target system which included a low-activity tritium cell. The data analysis used a novel technique exploiting the mirror symmetry of the two nuclei, which essentially eliminates many theoretical uncertainties in the extraction of the ratio. The results, which cover the Bjorken scaling variable range 0.19

Published
2022
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19. Accurate Determination of the Neutron Skin Thickness of ^{208}Pb through Parity-Violation in Electron Scattering.

Author

Adhikari D, Albataineh H, Androic D, Aniol K, Armstrong DS, Averett T, Ayerbe Gayoso C, Barcus S, Bellini V, Beminiwattha RS, Benesch JF, Bhatt H, Bhatta Pathak D, Bhetuwal D, Blaikie B, Campagna Q, Camsonne A, Cates GD, Chen Y, Clarke C, Cornejo JC, Covrig Dusa S, Datta P, Deshpande A, Dutta D, Feldman C, Fuchey E, Gal C, Gaskell D, Gautam T, Gericke M, Ghosh C, Halilovic I, Hansen JO, Hauenstein F, Henry W, Horowitz CJ, Jantzi C, Jian S, Johnston S, Jones DC, Karki B, Katugampola S, Keppel C, King PM, King DE, Knauss M, Kumar KS, Kutz T, Lashley-Colthirst N, Leverick G, Liu H, Liyange N, Malace S, Mammei R, Mammei J, McCaughan M, McNulty D, Meekins D, Metts C, Michaels R, Mondal MM, Napolitano J, Narayan A, Nikolaev D, Rashad MNH, Owen V, Palatchi C, Pan J, Pandey B, Park S, Paschke KD, Petrusky M, Pitt ML, Premathilake S, Puckett AJR, Quinn B, Radloff R, Rahman S, Rathnayake A, Reed BT, Reimer PE, Richards R, Riordan S, Roblin Y, Seeds S, Shahinyan A, Souder P, Tang L, Thiel M, Tian Y, Urciuoli GM, Wertz EW, Wojtsekhowski B, Yale B, Ye T, Yoon A, Zec A, Zhang W, Zhang J, and Zheng X

Abstract

We report a precision measurement of the parity-violating asymmetry A_{PV} in the elastic scattering of longitudinally polarized electrons from ^{208}Pb. We measure A_{PV}=550±16(stat)±8(syst) parts per billion, leading to an extraction of the neutral weak form factor F_{W}(Q^{2}=0.00616  GeV^{2})=0.368±0.013. Combined with our previous measurement, the extracted neutron skin thickness is R_{n}-R_{p}=0.283±0.071  fm. The result also yields the first significant direct measurement of the interior weak density of ^{208}Pb: ρ_{W}^{0}=-0.0796±0.0036(exp)±0.0013(theo)  fm^{-3} leading to the interior baryon density ρ_{b}^{0}=0.1480±0.0036(exp)±0.0013(theo)  fm^{-3}. The measurement accurately constrains the density dependence of the symmetry energy of nuclear matter near saturation density, with implications for the size and composition of neutron stars.

Published
2021
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20. Ruling out Color Transparency in Quasielastic ^{12}C(e,e^{'}p) up to Q^{2} of 14.2  (GeV/c)^{2}.

Author

Bhetuwal D, Matter J, Szumila-Vance H, Kabir ML, Dutta D, Ent R, Abrams D, Ahmed Z, Aljawrneh B, Alsalmi S, Ambrose R, Androic D, Armstrong W, Asaturyan A, Assumin-Gyimah K, Ayerbe Gayoso C, Bandari A, Basnet S, Berdnikov V, Bhatt H, Biswas D, Boeglin WU, Bosted P, Brash E, Bukhari MHS, Chen H, Chen JP, Chen M, Christy EM, Covrig S, Craycraft K, Danagoulian S, Day D, Diefenthaler M, Dlamini M, Dunne J, Duran B, Evans R, Fenker H, Fomin N, Fuchey E, Gaskell D, Gautam TN, Gonzalez FA, Hansen JO, Hauenstein F, Hernandez AV, Horn T, Huber GM, Jones MK, Joosten S, Karki A, Keppel C, Khanal A, King PM, Kinney E, Ko HS, Kohl M, Lashley-Colthirst N, Li S, Li WB, Liyanage AH, Mack D, Malace S, Markowitz P, Meekins D, Michaels R, Mkrtchyan A, Mkrtchyan H, Nazeer SJ, Nanda S, Niculescu G, Niculescu I, Nguyen D, Nuruzzaman, Pandey B, Park S, Pooser E, Puckett A, Rehfuss M, Reinhold J, Santiesteban N, Sawatzky B, Smith GR, Sun A, Tadevosyan V, Trotta R, Wood SA, Yero C, and Zhang J

Abstract

Quasielastic ^{12}C(e,e^{'}p) scattering was measured at spacelike 4-momentum transfer squared Q^{2}=8, 9.4, 11.4, and 14.2  (GeV/c)^{2}, the highest ever achieved to date. Nuclear transparency for this reaction was extracted by comparing the measured yield to that expected from a plane-wave impulse approximation calculation without any final state interactions. The measured transparency was consistent with no Q^{2} dependence, up to proton momenta of 8.5  GeV/c, ruling out the quantum chromodynamics effect of color transparency at the measured Q^{2} scales in exclusive (e,e^{'}p) reactions. These results impose strict constraints on models of color transparency for protons.

Published
2021
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21. Probing the Deuteron at Very Large Internal Momenta.

Author

Yero C, Abrams D, Ahmed Z, Ahmidouch A, Aljawrneh B, Alsalmi S, Ambrose R, Armstrong W, Asaturyan A, Assumin-Gyimah K, Ayerbe Gayoso C, Bandari A, Bane J, Basnet S, Berdnikov VV, Bericic J, Bhatt H, Bhetuwal D, Biswas D, Boeglin WU, Bosted P, Brash E, Bukhari MHS, Chen H, Chen JP, Chen M, Christy ME, Covrig S, Craycraft K, Danagoulian S, Day D, Diefenthaler M, Dlamini M, Dunne J, Duran B, Dutta D, Ent R, Evans R, Fenker H, Fomin N, Fuchey E, Gaskell D, Gautam TN, Gonzalez FA, Hansen JO, Hauenstein F, Hernandez AV, Horn T, Huber GM, Jones MK, Joosten S, Kabir ML, Karki A, Keppel CE, Khanal A, King P, Kinney E, Lashley-Colthirst N, Li S, Li WB, Liyanage AH, Mack DJ, Malace SP, Matter J, Meekins D, Michaels R, Mkrtchyan A, Mkrtchyan H, Nazeer SJ, Nanda S, Niculescu G, Niculescu M, Nguyen D, Nuruzzaman N, Pandey B, Park S, Perdrisat CF, Pooser E, Rehfuss M, Reinhold J, Sawatzky B, Smith GR, Sun A, Szumila-Vance H, Tadevosyan V, Wood SA, and Zhang J

Abstract

We measure ^{2}H(e,e^{'}p)n cross sections at 4-momentum transfers of Q^{2}=4.5±0.5  (GeV/c)^{2} over a range of neutron recoil momenta p_{r}, reaching up to ∼1.0  GeV/c. We obtain data at fixed neutron recoil angles θ_{nq}=35°, 45°, and 75° with respect to the 3-momentum transfer q[over →]. The new data agree well with previous data, which reached p_{r}∼500  MeV/c. At θ_{nq}=35° and 45°, final state interactions, meson exchange currents, and isobar currents are suppressed and the plane wave impulse approximation provides the dominant cross section contribution. We compare the new data to recent theoretical calculations, where we observe a significant discrepancy for recoil momenta p_{r}>700  MeV/c.

Published
2020
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22. Probing Few-Body Nuclear Dynamics via ^{3}H and ^{3}He (e,e^{'}p)pn Cross-Section Measurements.

Author

Cruz-Torres R, Nguyen D, Hauenstein F, Schmidt A, Li S, Abrams D, Albataineh H, Alsalmi S, Androic D, Aniol K, Armstrong W, Arrington J, Atac H, Averett T, Ayerbe Gayoso C, Bai X, Bane J, Barcus S, Beck A, Bellini V, Benmokhtar F, Bhatt H, Bhetuwal D, Biswas D, Blyth D, Boeglin W, Bulumulla D, Camsonne A, Castellanos J, Chen JP, Cohen EO, Covrig S, Craycraft K, Dongwi B, Duer M, Duran B, Dutta D, Fuchey E, Gal C, Gautam TN, Gilad S, Gnanvo K, Gogami T, Golak J, Gomez J, Gu C, Habarakada A, Hague T, Hansen O, Hattawy M, Hen O, Higinbotham DW, Hughes E, Hyde C, Ibrahim H, Jian S, Joosten S, Kamada H, Karki A, Karki B, Katramatou AT, Keppel C, Khachatryan M, Khachatryan V, Khanal A, King D, King P, Korover I, Kutz T, Lashley-Colthirst N, Laskaris G, Li W, Liu H, Liyanage N, Markowitz P, McClellan RE, Meekins D, Mey-Tal Beck S, Meziani ZE, Michaels R, Mihovilovič M, Nelyubin V, Nuruzzaman N, Nycz M, Obrecht R, Olson M, Ou L, Owen V, Pandey B, Pandey V, Papadopoulou A, Park S, Patsyuk M, Paul S, Petratos GG, Piasetzky E, Pomatsalyuk R, Premathilake S, Puckett AJR, Punjabi V, Ransome R, Rashad MNH, Reimer PE, Riordan S, Roche J, Sargsian M, Santiesteban N, Sawatzky B, Segarra EP, Schmookler B, Shahinyan A, Širca S, Skibiński R, Sparveris N, Su T, Suleiman R, Szumila-Vance H, Tadepalli AS, Tang L, Tireman W, Topolnicki K, Tortorici F, Urciuoli G, Weinstein LB, Witała H, Wojtsekhowski B, Wood S, Ye ZH, Ye ZY, and Zhang J

Abstract

We report the first measurement of the (e,e^{'}p) three-body breakup reaction cross sections in helium-3 (^{3}He) and tritium (^{3}H) at large momentum transfer [⟨Q^{2}⟩≈1.9  (GeV/c)^{2}] and x_{B}>1 kinematics, where the cross section should be sensitive to quasielastic (QE) scattering from single nucleons. The data cover missing momenta 40≤p_{miss}≤500  MeV/c that, in the QE limit with no rescattering, equals the initial momentum of the probed nucleon. The measured cross sections are compared with state-of-the-art ab initio calculations. Overall good agreement, within ±20%, is observed between data and calculations for the full p_{miss} range for ^{3}H and for 100≤p_{miss}≤350  MeV/c for ^{3}He. Including the effects of rescattering of the outgoing nucleon improves agreement with the data at p_{miss}>250  MeV/c and suggests contributions from charge-exchange (SCX) rescattering. The isoscalar sum of ^{3}He plus ^{3}H, which is largely insensitive to SCX, is described by calculations to within the accuracy of the data over the entire p_{miss} range. This validates current models of the ground state of the three-nucleon system up to very high initial nucleon momenta of 500  MeV/c.

Published
2020
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