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Оbjective: in order to evaluate the effects (lipid-lowering, the effect on the endothelial function and oxidative stress) of pitavastatin at a dose of 4 mg in patients with dyslipidemia, arterial hypertension (AH) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) at baseline, after 4 weeks and 12 months of treatment. Material and methods: the prospective study included 33 patients (mean age 60 [54;61] years) with AH, COPD and dyslipidemia. Laboratory examination consisted in determining the lipid spectrum, the level of lipid peroxidation products, creatinine, bilirubin, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase. The endothelium’s function was performed by the test with the endothelium-dependent vasodilation. We prescribed Pitavastatin (4 mg, Livazo, Recordati, Ireland) as a lipid-lowering therapy. After 12 months, the atherosclerotic plaques (AP) in the vessel was seen by the ultrasound duplex scanning of carotid arteries. Results: after 4 weeks of treatment with pitavastatin (4 mg), there was a decrease in total cholesterol — 26%, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) — 33%, triglycerides (TG) — 19%, high-density lipoprotein was increased by 18%. There was an improvement in endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress. There were no side effects in patients. Conclusion: correction of lipid metabolism disorders in AH patients with COPD by prescribing pitavastatin (4 mg) can reduce total cholesterol, LDL and TG, can positively affect endothelial function and lipid peroxidation processes. Therapy with pitavastatin (4 mg) in patients with dyslipidemia, AH and COPD is safe. It is noted the regression of AP after 12 months of regular intake of pitavastatin at a dose of 4 mg.

BACKGROUND. There is enough evidence of the negative impact of excess weight on the formation and progression of res piratory pathology. Given the continuing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, it is relevant to determine the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and the clinical features of the novel coronavirus infection (NCI).AIM. To study the effect of BMI on the course of the acute SARS-COV-2 infection and the post-covid period.MATERIALS AND METHODS. AKTIV and AKTIV 2 are multicenter non-interventional real-world registers. The АКТИВ registry (n=6396) includes non-overlapping outpatient and inpatient arms with 6 visits in each. The АКТИВ 2 registry (n=2968) collected the data of hospitalized patients and included 3 visits. All subjects were divided into 3 groups: not overweight (n=2139), overweight (n=2931) and obese (n=2666).RESULTS. A higher BMI was significantly associated with a more severe course of the infection in the form of acute kidney injury (p=0.018), cytokine storm (pCONCLUSION. Overweight and/or obesity is a significant risk factor for severe course of the new coronavirus infection and the associated cardiovascular and kidney damage Overweight people and patients with the 1st and 2nd degree obesity tend to have a high risk of death of SARS-CoV-2 infection in both acute and post-covid periods. On top of that, in case of morbid obesity patients this tendency is statistically significant. Normalization of body weight is a strategic objective of modern medicine and can contribute to prevention of respiratory conditions, severe course and complications of the new coronavirus infection.

Purpose: to study angioarchitectonics of choroidal melanoma with varied biometric characteristics by comparing the results of indocyanine green angiography (IAG) and OCT angiography (OCTA).Material and methods. Angiography with indocyanine green and OCT angiography was performed in 45 choroidal melanoma patients (45 eyes, 20 men, 25 women, mean age 57.36 ± 15.11 years) to see the features of angioarchitectonics for various tumor elevations: up to 3 mm (small choroidal melanomas) and within the 3.1– 5.0 mm range (medium choroidal melanomas) and assess the informative value of the techniques.Results. We established a high diagnostic value of angiography with indocyanine green and OCT angiography in the diagnosis of vasculature of choroidal melanoma (89% and 71 %, respectively), an acceptable significance in small choroidal melanomas, and a higher informative value of angiography with indocyanine green in medium choroidal melanomas. The vasculature of small choroidal melanomas is characterized by type 1 angioarchitectonics predominance (59 %), while that of medium-sized melanomas corresponds to type 2 angioarchitectonics (81 %). The pattern match in angiography with indocyanine green and OCT angiography took place in 93.8 % of patients. The average depth of vessel identification during OCT angiography was determined to stay within the range of 186 μm for choroidal melanomas of up to 1.9 mm high, 220 μm for melanomas between 2 and 3 mm high, and 255 μm for melanomas higher than 3 mm.Conclusions. The use of contrast and non-contrast angiography in assessing the vasculature of choroidal melanoma is highly informative and useful for the assessment of the type of angioarchitectonics. The use of OCT angiography is more informative for tumors with an elevation of up to 3 mm. In order to increase the accuracy and effectiveness of OCTA, the identification of newly formed vessels should be carried out with regard to the parameters established.

The widespread introduction of intravitreal drug injections into clinical practice has highlighted a number of issues to be solved, including the risk of serious complications, the treatment burden on patients and the patient’s insufficient adherence to treatment, as well as a significant effect on the healthcare cost and effort. One of the ways to resolve the issues is to increase the patients’ awareness concerning the therapy they are about to receive, which contributes to the patients’ understanding of the details of treatment and enables them to make correct decisions. The best option of presenting such information to the patient is to provide them with a written document. The Expert Council on Retinal and Optic Nerve Diseases of the All-Russian Association of Ophthalmologists has developed, approved and tested an information brochure for patients who receive intravitreal injections. It offers brief information on what the procedure is, contraindications, details of preparation, and symptoms, both common ones and those requiring emergency assistance. The paper outlines the results of the study and presents a layout of an information leaflet for patients recommended for use in the Russian Federation.

Acute leukemia accounts for 30% of malignant neoplasms in children in Russia. Down’s syndrome (trisomy of chromosome 21) is considered one of the strongest predictors of acute leukemia. Genetic abnormalities in patients with Down syndrome are strategically important for treatment approaches, metabolism of certain drugs, and sensitivity of blast cells to chemotherapy. The article describes three clinical cases of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia with Down’s syndrome who developed severe complications requiring correction of the dosage of chemotherapy. This cohort of patients is at high risk for the development of hematological, metabolic and infectious complications that require individualization of regimens and dosage of chemotherapy drugs.

For testing the anticorrosive and antifouling protective coatings, a ground stand is developed: the device of controlled water flow. The relevance of the study is undeniable, given the practical significance of the problem. The stand is connected to the main of sea running water. The device makes it possible to imitate the motion of aqueous flow around the vessel, thus simulating the conditions of moving amphibious facility. The aim of this work is to present for the first time the new device, created by us, which received a positive decision of Rospatent (Federal Service for Intellectual Property). For two months, full-scale field tests were carried out. They have showed essential qualitative and quantitative differences in the composition of fouling communities on the experimental plates, placed into the device of controlled water flow and suspended in the water column on the pier of the Zapad marine biological station of the National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, FEB RAS. Benthic diatoms predominate in the periphyton community under the conditions of the device of controlled water flow; there is practically no zoofouling. Phytocenosis of green algae, which is common for a vessel variable loadline or a hydraulic structure drainage zone, is presented on the plates from the open bay. The efficiency of using the device of controlled water flow, created by us, is shown for studying the patterns of formation of the fouling communities in different hydrodynamic flows. The main practical conclusion is that the device can be used to verify the properties of protective coatings on the substrates tested, inter alia antifouling and anticorrosive coatings.

The effect of heavy-metal ions (Cd2+, Cr6+, and Cu2+) on cyanobacteria sp. Microcystis and sp. Synechocystis has been studied. Since heavy metals impact causes blocking of light-energy transmission channels and arrest of electron transport in photosynthetic apparatus of cyanobacteria, their influence can be detected within a few hours by fluorescence techniques. In this investigation three standard fluorescence techniques are used: fluorescence spectroscopy, pulsed amplitude modulation fluorimetry, and confocal microscopic spectroscopy. All three used methods showed a decrease in photosynthetic activity for cyanobacterial cells exposed to heavy metals. However, the mechanisms of action for different heavy metals are slightly different. In this paper, we analyze variations in spectroscopic and kinetic properties of emmitted fluorescence for cyanobacterial cultures and single living cells in order to identify a specific mechanism of heavy metals influence.

According to different authors, the osteoarticular syndrome is observed in every third patient with acute leukemia. The polymorphism of the clinical manifestations presents a diagnostic difficulty, while the abnormal x-ray findings are not traditional characteristics of patients with leukemia. In some cases, bone manifestations may be the first and only symptom of acute lymphoblastic leukemia, complicating the diagnosis and postponing the correct diagnosis. The article describes 3 clinical cases of patients with a lesion of the osteo-articular system in the onset of acute leukemia. Despite the current complex laboratory and instrumental research methods, a particular attention should be paid to the difficulties of differential diagnosis between acute leukemia and other lesions of the osteo-articular system.

The nonlinearity of the gate–drain current–voltage characteristics in classical Schottky transistors and two-dimensional electron gas field-effect transistors based on AlGaAs/InGaAs/GaAs and InGaAs/GaAs compounds is analyzed. The carrier velocity-overshoot effect in the transistor channel is analyzed for various doping profiles of the structures under study.

Ge–Sb–Te (GST)-based PCM alloys are currently used in optical data storage. The crystallization of GST materials is the rate-limiting step for these devices, hence a deeper knowledge of the crystallization mechanism is crucial for insightful development of faster devices. In the present work, the diffraction patterns for GST-225 thin films are studied using the in situ Grazing Incidence X-ray Diffraction method upon heating. It is shown that initial amorphous film in the temperature range from 120 to 140 °C is crystallized into two phases-cubic GST-225 (Fm $${\bar{3}}$$ m), and trigonal GST-147 (P $${\bar{3}}$$ m1). The crystallized film is stressed and highly textured, and should be characterized by the value of the lattice parameters averaged over all crystallographic planes. The structural transition of GST-225 from cubic to trigonal phase begins at T > 180 °C. The appearance of large-scale inhomogeneities in GST-225 film at T ≥ 100 °C indicates that the process of rearrangement of atoms Ge, Sb, and Te in the as-deposited amorphous film begins long before the onset of crystallization.

Aim. To analyze newly diagnosed diseases and features of the post-COVID course in patients after a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) within 12-month follow-up.Material and methods. A total of 9364 consecutively hospitalized patients were included in the ACTIV registry. Enrollment of patients began on June 29, 2020, and was completed on March 30, 2021, corresponding to the first and second waves of the pandemic. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data, computed tomography (CT) results, information about inhospital clinical course and complications of COVID-19 during hospitalization were extracted from electronic health records using a standardized data collection form. The design included follow-up telephone interviews with a standard questionnaire at 3, 6, and 12 months to examine the course of post-COVID period.Results. According to the ACTIV registry, 18,1% of patients after COVID-19 had newly diagnosed diseases (NDDs) over the next 12 months. Hypertension (HTN), type 2 diabetes and coronary artery disease (CAD) prevailed in the NDD structure. Comparison of the age-standardized incidence of NDDs (HTN, CAD, diabetes) in the post-COVID period in the ACTIV registry with NDD incidence in 2019 according to Rosstat and the expected incidence of NDDs according to the EPOHA study revealed that HTN, diabetes, CAD in patients after COVID-19 were registered more often as follows: HTN by 7,0 and 4,4 times, diabetes by 7,3 and 8,8 times, CAD by 2,3 and 2,9 times, respectively. NDDs most often developed in patients aged 47 to 70 years. Comparison of the actual and expected number of cases of newly diagnosed HTN, CAD and diabetes depending on age showed that the actual number of cases in the population of patients in the ACTIV register is significantly higher than expected for patients aged 45-69 years and for patients with hypertension or diabetes and aged Conclusion. Available evidence suggests that a strategy for managing COVID-19 survivors should include mandatory screening for early detection of cardiovascular disease and diabetes, which will be key to reducing the risk of further COVID-19 consequences.

The research purpose: to study features of clinical process of a coronary heart disease when it combines with a bronchial asthma.The materials and methods: 180 people were included in the research, 90 of them suffer from both CHD and BA (the first group), and also 90 people have only CHD without BA (the second group). The examination included complaint collection process, studying medical history, medical examination, percussion, auscultation, blood pressure measurement with the Korotkov’s method twice a day (in the morning and in the evening), heart rate measurement, 24-hour Holter ECG monitoring, echodoplercardiography. Besides, standard laboratory biochemical testing, including total cholesterol and lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol, were made with the enzymatic colorimetric method.The results. Dyspnoea is the main complaint among 86 patients with both CHD and asthma, humans have (95,5%), moreover, dyspnoea combines with heartbeating in 73,8%, and is accompanied by angina pectoris only in 20%. There is a significant difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressure (р=0,001) that becomes higher if CHD combines with asthma. The signs of left ventricular and interventricular septum hypertrophy were discovered in the first group, these signs statistically significantly differ from the ones in the second group. The medium pulmonary arterial pressure is significantly higher in the combined group than in the group with only CHD (р=0,001). It is revealed with 24-hour Holter ECG monitoring that cases of myocardial ischemia are more frequent in the group which consists of patients with CHD. Besides, duration of ischemic depression per day is longer in this group too. It might be that if patients have both CHD and asthma they do not reach an ischemic threshold because of dyspnoea due to a respiratory failure.The conclusion. According to our findings bronchial asthma occurs among patients with coronary heart disease in 16.6% of cases. It is a distinctive feature of a bronchial asthma associated with coronary heart disease, that a patient often complaints to dyspnea (cardiopulmonary) and palpitation, increase in arterial blood pressure and heart rate, which appropriately indicates the activation of rennin-angiotensin-aldosteron and sympathicoadrenal systems. It requires the inclusion of appropriate drug groups in the treatment of patients.

The water temperature influence on timing of spawning and the spat settling is considered for yesso scallop (Mizuhopecten (=Patinopecten) yessoensis Jay, 1857) in the Minonosok Bay (Posyet Bay, Peter the Great Bay) on the data of observations in 1970–2011. The date of the spawning start varied from May 1 to June 9 (within 40 days) and the start of the scallop spat settling onto collectors of marine farm varied from June 4 to July 5 (within 32 days). Usually the spawning was delayed in the years with long cold season and big sum of daily temperatures below zero or low mean temperature in winter months and April, when the pre-spawning period with the temperature above zero before May 1 was too short. The spat settling was delayed in the years with severe winter or low mean temperature in the pre-spawning period (r = –0.46); the early settling was observed in the years with early warming above 0o C. The higher sum of positive daily temperatures accumulated till May 1 and till June 1, or within April and May, the earlier the spat settling on collectors (r = –0.58; –0.60; –0.55; –0.42, respectively). Prognostic equations for 10-day and 15-day forecasting of the dates of scallop spawning start and spat settling start are proposed and tested; accuracy of these forecasts is 70% for the spawning and 60 % for the spat settling.

Studies of 2015 were used to characterize water in Vostok Bay (Peter the Great Gulf, the Sea of Japan) in terms of phosphate concentration, biochemical oxygen demand, and pH. The input of Ptot was found to increase considerably throughout the summer, mostly at the expense of organic phosphorus. Maximal export (500–700 µg/L) was recorded in August; BOD5 values in excess of the MAC (2.17–3.50 mg/L) were recorded from April to October. Water acidification was recorded in January (down to 6.28–6.72), April and August (down to 7.39–7.89). The substances arriving with the coastal matter runoff were shown to extend widely over the entire bay water area and to reach the seaward open part of Peter the Great Gulf, suggesting the developing intense anthropogenic load onto the region.

Geometrical frustration arised in spin ices leads to fascinating emergent physical properties. Nowadays there is a wide diversity of the artificial structures, mimicking spin ice at the nanoscale and demonstrating some new effects. Most of the nanoscaled spin ices are two dimensional. Ferromagnetic inverse opal-like structures (IOLS) are among inspiring examples of the three-dimensional system exhibiting spin ice behaviour. However, a detailed examination of its properties is not straightforward. An experimental technique which is able to unambiguously recover magnetization distribution in 3D mesoscaled structures is lacking. In this work, we used an approach based on complementary exploiting of small-angle neutron diffraction technique and micromagnetic simulations. An external magnetic field was applied along three main directions of the IOLS mesostructure. Comparison of the calculated and measured data allowed us to determine IOLS magnetic state. The results are in good agreement with the spin ice model. Moreover influence of the demagnetizing field and vortex states on the magnetizing process were revealed. Additionally, we speculate that this approach can be also applied to other 3D magnetic mesostructures.

The morpho-physiological indicators of the peripheral blood of the Yakut and Prilensk horses were studied depending on their habitat in different climatic zones of Yakutia. Studies were conducted in the farms of Ust-Aldan, Nyurbinsky and Khangalassky districts of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). In each selected farm, research groups were selected from among clinically healthy horses with 50 heads each at the age of 5-6 years based on the principle of analogues. The studies were covered two seasons of the year: in winter and spring, under usual conditions of horses. As a result of the research, was found a significant difference in the hemoglobin level in the blood of horses within the Yakut breed depending on their territorial affiliation P (M1-M2)

Aim: the study of comorbid status and characteristics of clinical course of ischemic heart disease (IHD) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Materials and methods. We conducted a retrospective analysis of case histories of 958 IHD patients aged 32 to 93 years (mean age of 60.8±10.2 years), including men - 525 (54.8%), women - 433 (45.2%) who were treated in the cardiology Department of city clinical hospital №5 of Nizhny Novgorod. Related COPD was diagnosed in 251 patients (26.3%). We compared two groups patients: with IHD and COPD, and the second - persons suffering from only IHD (without COPD). Results. Myocardial infarction was transferred by 62.2% of patients in Group 1, which is 16.3% more than in Group 2 (p

Ni- and Co-based inverse opals can be considered as a three-dimensional network of nanoobjects connected with each other by elongated crosspieces (legs). Inverse opals magnetic properties strongly depend on the legs aspect ratio which can be tuned during fabrication process. We study this dependence by means of micromagnetic simulations. We have found the range of ice-rule validity and studied limiting cases of high and low legs aspect ratio. We also investigate the value of the transverse magnetization component which should appear if the external field is applied perpendicular to one of the legs. Legs aspect ratio which corresponds to the maximal value of this component has been found. Finally, we calculate the dependence of the magnetic form factor on the external field for considered models. These results can be directly compared with experiment.

The impact of the addition of a polymer (polyethylene glycol) with a molecular weight of 20 kDa on the structure of micellar systems of an anionic surfactant (sodium oleate) in aqueous solutions is investigated via small-angle neutron scattering. The structure and interaction parameters of micelles (micelle aggregation number, degree of ionization, axial ratio, average diameter, charge, inverse screening length, and surface potential) are compared in a solution with and without the addition of the polymer. Using the concentration dependences of the experimental data on surface tension, parameters such as the critical micelle concentration, area per molecule, surface activity, surface excess, and critical aggregation concentration are determined in the case of complex solutions. The observed effect of the addition of the polymer on the behavior of a micellar solution of sodium oleate can be related to a change in the surface activity of the surfactant in the presence of the polymer. As a result of comparison with previous experimental data, it is concluded that the weight of the polymer significantly affects the structural properties of sodium oleate–polyethylene glycol mixed solutions.

Oceanographic and chemical properties, sea currents, bottom topography and sediments in the Severnaya Bight (Slavianka Bay of Peter the Great Bay, Japan Sea) are considered on the base of all available data collected from 1965 to 2018. Mean and extreme values of the water parameters in the bight are determined for the first time. Seasonal and short-term tide-induced variations of the water temperature and salinity at certain depths are described. The environments influence on aquaculture is estimated. The hanging culture equipment can be mounted in the bight at the depth of no less than 10–12 m, whereas the bottom culture is possible in local areas with the depth of 6–10 m located in its northern and northwestern parts and southwestward from the Mininosok Inlet. In the north of the bight, the cultivated scallop is subjected to unfavorable influence of high water temperature and low salinity, but the water regime at the depth of 6–8 m, where the collectors and hatcheries are usually mounted, is relatively stable and favorable for the scallop cultivation, with rather rare and short-term rises of temperature (up to 25 °С), declines of salinity (to 24 ‰), and dissolved oxygen depletion (to 3.17 mL/L, or 58 %). Currents in the Severnaya Bight are strong enough for its waters renewal: 25–30 cm/s. The currents are almost reverse in the top of the bight; the semi-permanent cyclonic circulation develops in its main part that provides the water exchange with the open part of Peter the Great Bay and distribution of suspended solids, contaminants, bacteria, or larvae from marine farms or other sources over the bight. The non-tidal currents are almost twice stronger in winter than in summer.

Analysis of cytokine profile markers in conjunction with the clinical manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can provide valuable information about the pathogenetic manifestations of the disease, and therefore, in the future, determine drugs that affect the cytokine storm and have an anti-inflammatory effect.Aim. To identify correlations between the parameters of the developed cytokine profile and the clinical course in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 of different severity.Material and methods. The study included 70 hospitalized patients with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19, with a mean age of 58 [50;69] years, including 40 men (57%) and 30 women (43%). The average lung involvement according to computed tomography (CT) at admission was CT-2 [1;3]. Peripheral venous blood was taken at admission, which averaged 7 [6; 8] days from the symptom onset. Standard biochemical parameters were studied, as well as 47 cytokines and chemokines using the Multiplex system (Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany).Results. Correlations was found between the lung involvement degree and the level of IL-8 (r=0,31, pConclusion. Hyperinflammatory syndrome in severe COVID-19 is manifested by high levels of IL-6, MIG, MDC, MCP-1, M-CSF, TNF-α, β, IL-8, IL-18, IL-15. With the CT-1 and CT-2, an increase in only the level of IL-18, IL-8 is noted. The identified patterns prove and make it possible to explain a number of systemic inflammatory changes that occur with COVID-19.

The impact of surfactant type on the structure organization of aqueous ferrofluids was considered based on the data of small-angle neutron scattering (SANS). The aggregates of different sizes and types were observed for magnetite magnetic nanoparticles of in heavy water stabilized by sodium oleate (SO) or dodecylbenzene sulphonic acid (DBSA). According to the surface tension measurements it was shown the significant difference of the critical micelle concentrations for SO and DBSA solutions. The observed structural difference of the aggregates in the ferrofluids was related to the behaviour of surfactant molecules in aqueous solutions including the structure and interaction parameters of micelles (micelle aggregation number, fractional charge, charge per micelle and surface potential, etc.) derived from the SANS analysis.

The structure of surface layers of thin metal inverse opals has been studied first by the grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering technique. Contributions of the form factor and structure factor to the small-angle diffraction pattern have been separated using a numerical model of the scattering process. The complementary use of the small-angle X-ray scattering and grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering techniques has provided independent information about the bulk and surface properties of the samples and allowed a type of defect in the investigated structures to be determined. The measurement results have been verified by atomic force microscopy.

The seasonal distribution of hypoxia in the bottom waters of the Eastern Bosporus (the Peter the Great Gulf, the Sea of Japan) is analyzed based on long-term observational data (2006-2013). It is revealed that in summer the monthly mean concentration of oxygen in the bottom waters considerably decreased as compared to average long-term data. The minimum values of oxygen concentration were registered during four months, from July to October. It is demonstrated that the small values of oxygen concentration are mainly caused by the inflow of hypoxic water from the Amur Bay.

We perform micromagnetic simulations of the magnetization distribution in inverse opal-like structures (IOLS) made from ferromagnetic materials (nickel and cobalt). It is shown that the unit cell of these complex structures, whose characteristic length is approximately 700 nm, can be divided into a set of structural elements some of which behave like Ising-like objects. A spin-ice behavior of IOLS is observed in a broad range of external magnetic fields. Numerical results describe successfully the experimental hysteresis curves of the magnetization in Ni- and Co-based IOLS. We conclude that ferromagnetic IOLS can be considered as the first realization of three-dimensional artificial spin ice. The problem is discussed of optimal geometrical properties and material characteristics of IOLS for the spin-ice rule fulfillment.

Seasonal changes in the dissolved oxygen (DO) content in water were analyzed based on long-term observations (2006–2013) in the Eastern Bosporus Strait (Peter the Great Bay, Sea of Japan). It was found that the monthly average DO concentrations at the bottom of the strait were significantly lower in summer than the average annual long-term data. The minimum DO contents were recorded during four months, from July to October. It was shown that the DO content in water depended on changes in current directions in the strait: lower DO contents resulted from hypoxic water inflow, mostly from Amur Bay.

There has been determined the option of assessing the development of the region based on the soft model using fuzzy granular approach to the formation of the results. The graph of connectivity of the main indicators of economic development is received, ways of use of the formed granules for an adequate and flexible assessment of strategic development in the main directions of the region and the Russian Federation as a whole are specified: health care; education; mortgage and rent of housing and the urban environment; international cooperation and export; labor productivity; small business and support of individual entrepreneurial initiative; reform of control and Supervisory activity; safe and high-quality roads; ecology.

The aim of the investigation was to study the parameters of high-frequency ECG in leads V1, V3R, V4R, V5R, V6R as additional diagnostic criteria for detecting the areas of myocardial ischemia associated with stenosis of the right coronary artery (RCA) in IHD patients. Materials and Methods The study involved 47 patients who underwent selective coronary angiography (SCA) for detection of IHD. The patients were divided into two groups based on the SCA results: group 1 included 28 patients with hemodynamically significant RCA stenosis; group 2 consisted of 19 patients with hemodynamically non-significant RCA stenosis. Prior to SCA, all patients underwent resting high-frequency ECG recording in 12 conventional leads and in leads V3R–V6R for 5 min. The study also involved 15 volunteers with no history of cardiovascular disease or IHD symptoms (control group) who underwent ECG in the same leads. The resulting data were processed and analyzed using the ArMaSoft-12-Cardio software (©ArMaSoft, 1995–2019, Russia), which made it possible to determine the presence or absence of reduced amplitude zones (RAZ) of the QRS complex in all morphological variants, the root-mean-square (RMS) deviation, and excess kurtosis. Results Statistically significant differences in the RAZ parameter of the QRS complex were revealed in high-frequency ECG of patients with hemodynamically significant and non-significant RCA stenosis. The RAZ sum in leads V1, V3R, V4R, V5R, V6R was 7.86±0.77 and 3.58±0.53, respectively, while in patients with no IHD signs, it equaled 1.87±0.43 (p=0.00001). The RMS value in patients with no IHD signs was 3.89±0.42, in patients with hemodynamically non-significant and significant RCA stenosis it equaled 3.51±0.34 and 2.73±0.24, respectively (p=0.008). The kurtosis value was statistically significantly higher in patients with hemodynamically significant stenosis (1.07±0.12), in contrast to those with hemodynamically non-significant stenosis and without IHD (0.78±0.05 and 0.64±0.03, respectively). An average correlation between the value of coronary stenosis and the sum of RAZ scores was found (r=0.66). However, RMS and kurtosis parameters correlate with the degree of RCA stenosis at a lower level. According to ROC analysis, the RAZ parameter showed better diagnostic results compared to RMS and kurtosis. Given the nonparametric nature of the available data, the prognostic capabilities of the studied parameters can be considered satisfactory as shown by the results of binary logistic regression. Conclusion The RAZ parameter of high-frequency ECG in leads V1, V3R, V4R, V5R, V6R may serve as an additional diagnostic criterion for identifying the areas of myocardial ischemia associated with RCA stenosis in IHD patients.

The problem of illogical behavior of classifying neural networks, arising in the tasks of environmental monitoring of reservoirs, is considered. The paper presents the original method of analyzing neural networks, which allows to identify illogical behavior, i.e., false-positive results of classification and generalization. The problem of generalization of observations, belonging to classes not involved in training process, the so-called problem of external generalization problem, is analyzed. In the framework of the proposed technique methodology, a method for verification of training quality for a classifying neural network is considered, based on a comparison of the results of classification with the results of linear discriminant analysis. Implementation of the developed technique was performed for current ecological problem - classification of blue-green algae according to the self-fluorescence spectra during toxical “bloom” of water bodies.

Alcohol septal ablation was introduced in 1994 as an alternative for surgical septal myectomy in patients with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy refractory to drug treatment. The procedure decreases symptoms of the disease creating targeted localized infarction focus of the upper part of interventricular spetum leading to increase of outgoing tract diameter, decrease of pressure gradient at the level of outgoing left ventricle tract and hypertrophy regression caused by overload. Such clinical improvement can be achieved in most cases. Main complication of the alcohol-based ablation — complete atrioventricular block with necessity, in some patients, of permanent cardiostimulator. Contrast echocradiography during alcohol septal ablation makes it to localize infarction, to use less amount of alcohol and, therefore, to decrease complications rate.

Abundance and biological diversity of phytoplankton communities, investigated in this work, are often used as a marker for the determination of environmental health and fresh water quality. Presently their routine analysis is very time consuming and expensive. A lot of articles are devoted to the development of a system for an in situ automated analysis of phytoplankton properties. However, the applied problems of biology, ecology and, in particular, algology usually are associated with some difficulties due to shortage and/or fuzziness of the experimental data. Hence, while using neural network modelling a set of specific problems can occur. In this article on the base of experimental data several such problems are presented and possible solutions are suggested. In particular, the illogical behavior of classifying neural network is revealed, while studying the biological diversity of cyanobacteria, and the original technique for results validation is presented. This problem is investigated on a set of spectroscopic data, recorded by means of confocal laser scanning microscopy. The generalization quality of the trained model is studied as the main learning parameter. Another problem of shortage dataset is examined in the frames of regression model for bioplankton abundance. This problem is solved by means of feed-forward back-propagation neural networks with two hidden layers. The modelling was carried out on a small experimental selection (only 39 observations were available), despite this, the relatively high determination coefficient was obtained for the training and test samples, while using dropout layout.

In this article a neural-network regression model for prediction of the bacterioplankton abundance according to physicochemical parameters of the environmental conditions is considered and some of the peculiarities of its development are described. A particular case of small and very heterogeneous data sample, typical for biological applications, is analysed. To solve this problem, a number of multi-layer feed-forward neural networks with different architectures are studied. The regression results are estimated on the base of determination coefficient and standard deviation of predicted values in the test sample. The effect of the dropout, applied to one of the hidden layers, on learning process and obtained results is analysed.

Sustainability of the industrial complexes development, economic growth, the country’s foreign economic activity and thus the efficiency of its economy are largely determined by the country’s transportation system development and the railway transportation system in particular. Today the railroad industry performs a number of complex socio-economic functions aimed at modernizing economic development and increasing the rate of scientific-and-technological advance in all the related industries. Under the circumstances, the issue of complete rethink of financial and economic relations in the industry and, accordingly, the entire management system transformation becomes acute.

Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of circulatory diseases in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic

The increase in the throughput and processing capacity of railway stations in many cases is solved through organizational and technical measures, which makes it possible to solve this problem only partially, while limiting the possibility of increasing the volume of work in the future. Private funds should become investors in the creation of specialized points for bulk staging and preparation of station cars. Car owners and manufacturers, leasing companies, and rolling stock operators are interested in creating this type of stations. The layout of the stations specialized for the car staging should ensure the implementation of a complex of processing operations: reception, sorting, dispatch, technical inspection, all types of maintenance and repair. The article presents the dynamics of the throughput capacity of the East Siberian Railway. It analyzes the indicator un-der consideration with parallel and non-parallel schedules, which determined the main factors affecting the throughput capacity of railway stations and sections of the East-Siberian Railway and the degree of their significance. To determine the main ac-teal reasons for reducing the throughput capacity of railway stations and improving the quality of use of the indicator in question, the Ishikawa diagram was constructed. It provides a systematic approach to determining the root causes of the problem under consideration based on data on the throughput capacity of railway stations in Russia in 2013-2015. The analysis of the Ishikawa diagram identified the main factors: mismatch in the level of development of the federal railway network; errors in the management of car fleets; excess of car fleets; non-uniform arrival of car traffic volumes; decrease in the quality of car fleet management; private car fleet growth.

BACKGROUND: To evaluate the efficacy and outcomes of the complex treatment of primary CNS germinoma in patients in non-child population, evaluate the dynamic of the ophthalmological and endocrine functions. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The retrospective analysis of 91 patients aged above 16 years with histologically verified primary CNS germinoma was performed. All patients underwent biopsy or surgery with subsequent shunting operation, if indicated. From 2 to 6 cycles (mainly 4 cycles, in 81 cases) of cisplatin and etoposide regimens combination was applied. After chemotherapy all patients underwent either whole ventricular (70 cases) or whole brain (19 cases) or craniospinal irradiation (2 cases) with 24 Gy in 12 fractions. The endocrine status of patients before and after treatment was evaluated in 44 cases. The dynamic of ophthalmological deficit was followed in 31 cases. Endocrine status at different stages of treatment was followed in 74 cases. RESULTS: All patients, who underwent combined treatment with chemotherapy and irradiation achieved a complete remission. Median follow-up time was 48 months (1–196 months). 5-year overall survival and progression-free survival rates were 96 and 92 % respectively. 7 patents out of 91 had a relapse within first 5 years of follow-up. The visual disturbances improved in 35%, oculomotor function improved in 5% of patients. Endocrine status improved in 20% of patients with initial deficit. CONCLUSION: Complex treatment of primary CNS germinoma, utilizing 4 cycles of cisplatin + etoposide regimen with subsequent 24 Gy whole ventricular or whole brain irradiation prove to be a good option, alternating craniospinal irradiation alone. Use of this regimen may preserve and improve the endocrine and ophthalmological deficit.

The structures of ferrofluids (FFs) based on nonpolar solvent decahydronaphthalene, stabilized by saturated monocarboxylic acids with hydrocarbon chains of different lengths, C16 (palmitic acid) and ?12 (lauric acid), with an excess of acid molecules, have been studied by small-angle neutron scattering. It is found that the addition of acid to an initially stable system with optimal composition leads to more significant structural changes (related to aggregation) than those observed previously for this class of FFs. A comparison of the influence of monocarboxylic acids on the stability of nonpolar FFs suggests that the enhancement of aggregation is much more pronounced in the case of palmitic acid excess. This fact confirms the conclusion of previous studies, according to which an increase in the hydrocarbon chain length in a saturated acid reduces the efficiency of the corresponding FF stabilization.

The data of infrared spectroscopy (IR), molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) have been combined to conclude about the nanoscale structural organization of organic non-polar solutions of saturated mono-carboxylic acids with different alkyl chain lengths for diluted solutions of saturated myristic (C14) and stearic (C18) acids in benzene and decalin. In particular, the degree of dimerization was found from the IR spectra. The structural anisotropy of the acids and their dimers was used in the treatment of the data of MD simulations to describe the solute–solvent interface in a cylindrical approximation and show its rather strong influence on SANS. The corresponding scattering length density profiles were used to fit the experimental SANS data comprising the information about the acid molecule isomerization. The SANS data from concentrated solutions showed a partial self-assembling of the acids within the nematic transition is different for two solvents due to lyophobic peculiarities.

Neutron scattering from spatially ordered arrays of magnetic nanowires synthesized inside a nonmagnetic matrix is theoretically described. Expressions for the nuclear, magnetic, and interference contributions to the neutron scattering cross section are obtained. It is shown that, when polarized neutrons are scattered from an array of magnetic nanowires, the scattering cross section is not only a nonlinear function of the nanowire length but also depends on the neutron wavelength. These expressions describe the complex nature of the neutron-diffraction pattern as a factor of the ratio of nuclear and magnetic scattering amplitudes.

The magnetic properties of an inverse opal-like cobalt-based structure having the symmetry of the face-centered cubic lattice are studied. The magnetization reversal of the structure in a magnetic field applied along the [ $$1\overline 1 0$$ ] axis is described using a phenomenological model, which uses the ice rule for the local magnetization of nanostructure elements. This description predicts the absence of a long-range magnetic order in two directions that are normal to the magnetic field. The magnetic structure is analyzed by smallangle neutron diffraction. Neutron diffraction patterns are measured in an external magnetic field varying from −1.2 to 1.2 T and applied along the crystallographic [ $$1\overline 1 0$$ ] direction. A magnetic contribution to the neutron scattering intensity is extracted. It is shown that this contribution is close to zero over the entire applied magnetic field range for all scattering planes that are normal to the field, which agrees well with the proposed model.

The authors analyze their experience in treating metastases in the chiasmal-sellar region (CSR), which has been gained at the Acad. N.N. Burdenko Neurosurgery Research Institute in 2000 to 2011 (a follow-up was made in 93 patients with metastatic skull base tumors, of them 19 (20.4 %) metastases were located in CSR), as well as the data available in the literature.