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In this manuscript, we derive and examine the analytical solution for the solid tumor invasion model of fractional order. The main aim of this work is to formulate a solid tumor invasion model using the Caputo fractional operator. Here, the model involves a system of four equations, which are solved using an approximate analytical method. We used the fixed-point theorem to describe the uniqueness and existence of the model's system of solutions and graphs to explain the results we achieved using this approach. The technique used in this manuscript is more efficient for studying the behavior of this model, and the results are accurate and converge swiftly. The current study reveals that the investigated model is time-dependent, which can be explored using the fractional-order calculus concept. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new species, Myllocerus vathalmalaensis sp. nov. and M. depressus sp. nov., are described from India. M. vathalmalaensis differs from M. lineaticollis (Boheman, 1842) in possessing a fine central carina on the impressed rostrum, the second funicle segment longer than the first one and tegmen without parameres. M. depressus differs from M. cardoni Marshall, 1916 by the dorsally depressed rostrum, which is longer than the head, a prothorax depressed and constricted near the posterior margin, the antennae and legs black in colour, the hind femora with a single spine and a spermatheca with curved nodulus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effect of ZrO2 nanoparticles on the structural, electrical, and dielectric properties of polyaniline was studied. ZrO2 nanoparticles with an average size of 8 nm were synthesized by a simple precipitation method and their tetragonal and monoclinic crystalline phase was confirmed. Polyaniline and its nanocomposite with ZrO2 have been synthesized by chemical oxidation method using CH3COOH as a doping agent and APS as an oxidant. The synthesized composites were analyzed by infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electronic microscopy, AC conductivity, dielectric and impedance spectroscopy. In Nyquist plots, systematic decrement in the semicircle size was observed with growth of ZrO2 content. The dielectric constant in the PANI/ZrO2 composite has been increased with an increase in weight content of ZrO2 in PANI matrix and exhibited the Maxwell–Wagner–Sillars effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Respiratory tract infections are a common occurrence after open heart surgery, leading to prolonged hospital stay, morbidity and costing the hospital exchequer. This study was conducted to study the utility of postextubation endotracheal tube [ET] tip culture in providing an early-basis for starting evidence-based antibiotic therapy. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the case records of 172 patients who had undergone heart surgery at our tertiary care teaching hospital for occurrence of post-operative infections from clinical and microbiological data. Results: Bacterial culture was positive in 67(39%) patients. Endotracheal tube patients, grew organisms that were sensitive to empirical antibiotic therapy, in 39 (58%) patients. In 28 (42%) patients organisms resistant to empirical therapy were grown; only 14 of the 28 patients (50%) were symptomatic. Staphylococcus was the most common organism isolated followed by Acinetobacter and Enterobacter. Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates were sensitive to all the antibiotics tested. Resistance was high among Acinetobacter sp. All the Gram-negative bacteria were sensitive to tigecycline. Resistance for beta-lactam antibiotics ranged from 35%-66% with imipenem being the most effective antibiotic. Conclusion: Our observations provide useful information regarding the microbiology of respiratory infection occurring in post-operative patients who had undergone open-heart surgery. Post-extubation endotracheal tip culture appears to be a useful tool for reliable and accurate diagnosis and treatment of these infections.

Forty novel HLA class I and class II alleles were identified in umbilical cord blood (UCB) samples and categorized based on various types of mutations: non‐synonymous, synonymous, frameshift, and premature termination codon. This study described 14 novel HLA‐A alleles, 9 novel HLA‐B alleles, 4 novel HLA‐C alleles, 3 novel HLA‐DRB1 alleles and 10 novel HLA‐DQB1 alleles. Comparing the new allele sequence with the most homologous sequence, 60% of the novel alleles exhibited non‐synonymous substitution, 32.5% observed with synonymous substitution, 5% displayed premature stop codon, and 2.5% presented with frameshift mutation. The majority of the new alleles contained a single nucleotide variation when compared with the most similar sequence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Infants from birth itself are in constant interaction with their mothers and the environment. Thus the maternal styles of communication would play an important role in developing communicative competency in children. This process happens so naturally and incidentally that no one pays special attention to it. However, when a hearing impairment is present, the opportunity to learn incidentally is diminished and parents tend to adopt a different style while interacting which could lead to outputs from the children which may not be appropriate. The present study is aimed at investigating and describing the maternal communicative styles in 20 mother-child dyads in a natural setting. Subjects were divided into 2 communicative dyads. Ten children with hearing impairment interacting with normal hearing mother comprised Dyad A. Dyad B consisted of ten age matched children and their mothers, both having normal hearing status. Various inclusion criteria were used. Interactions of the dyads A and B were video recorded for duration of 20 minutes while in natural conversation. The samples were later viewed by 2 experienced judges simultaneously who coded for the presence of certain behaviour only when there was mutual agreement on the same. A descriptive analysis has been carried out and the frequency of occurrence of maternal behaviours (of the first 50 utterances only) has been tabulated as well as depicted through a bar diagram. It was concluded, that mothers need to be sensitized towards the communication needs of children with hearing impairment. Being aware of the kind of utterances that would support and enhance communication will help the mothers to modify their styles and help the child with hearing impairment achieve socially acceptable communicative patterns. (Contains 1 table and 1 figure.)

AIM:Several genetic variants for type 2 diabetes (T2D) have been identified through genome wide association studies (GWAS) from Caucasian population; however replication studies were not consistent across various ethnicities. Objective of the current study is to examine the possible correlation of 9 most significant GWAS single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for T2D susceptibility as well as the interactive effect of these variants on the risk of T2D in an Indian population. METHODS:Case-control cohorts of 1156 individuals were genotyped for 9 SNPs from an Indian population. Association analyses were performed using logistic regression after adjusting for covariates. Multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR) analysis was adopted to determine gene-gene interactions and discriminatory power of combined SNP effect was assessed by grouping individuals based on the number of risk alleles and by calculating area under the receiver-operator characteristic curve (AUC). RESULTS:We confirm the association of TCF7L2 (rs7903146) and SLC30A8 (rs13266634) with T2D. MDR analysis showed statistically significant interactions among four SNPs of SLC30A8 (rs13266634), IGF2BP2 (rs4402960), HHEX (rs1111875) and CDKN2A (rs10811661) genes. Cumulative analysis showed an increase in odds ratio against the baseline group of individuals carrying 5 to 6 risk alleles and discriminatory power of genetic test based on 9 variants showed higher AUC value when analyzed along with body mass index (BMI). CONCLUSION:These results provide a strong evidence for independent association between T2D and SNPs for in TCF7L2 and SLC30A8. MDR analysis demonstrates that independently non-significant variants may interact with one another resulting in increased disease susceptibility in the population tested.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Potassium inwardly rectifying channel, subfamily J, member 11 (KCNJ11) gene have a key role in insulin secretion and is of substantial interest as a candidate gene for type 2 diabetes (T2D). The current work was performed to delineate the genetic influence of KCNJ11 polymorphisms on risk of T2D in South Indian population through case-control association study along with systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS: A case-control study of 400 T2D cases and controls of South Indian origin were performed to analyze the association of KCNJ11 polymorphisms (rs5219, rs5215, rs41282930, rs1800467) and copy number variations (CNV) on the risk of T2D. In addition a systematic review and meta-analysis for KCNJ11 rs5219 was conducted in 3,831 cases and 3,543 controls from 5 published reports from South-Asian population by searching various databases. Odds ratio with 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to assess the association strength. Cochran's Q, I2 statistics were used to study heterogeneity between the eligible studies. RESULTS: KCNJ11 rs5215, C-G-C-C haplotype and two loci analysis (rs5219 vs rs1800467) showed a significant association with T2D but CNV analysis did not show significant variation between T2D cases and control subjects. Lower age of disease onset (P = 0.04) and higher body mass index (BMI) (P = 0.04) were associated with rs5219 TT genotype in T2D patients. The meta-analysis of KCNJ11 rs5219 on South Asian population showed no association on susceptibility to T2D with an overall pooled OR = 0.98, 95% CI = 0.83-1.16. Stratification analysis showed East Asian population and global population were associated with T2D when compared to South Asians. CONCLUSION: KCNJ11 rs5219 is not independently associated with T2D in South-Indian population and our meta-analysis suggests that KCNJ11 polymorphism (rs5219) is associated with risk of T2D in East Asian population and global population but this outcome could not be replicated in South Asian sub groups.